Annular microstrip antenna and electronic equipment
阅读说明:本技术 一种环形微带天线和电子设备 (Annular microstrip antenna and electronic equipment ) 是由 田陆 王鹏 杨雨苍 于 2020-07-23 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明实施例提供一种环形微带天线和电子设备,涉及天线技术领域,能够增加环形微带天线的工作频段。该环形微带天线包括:介质基板,位于介质基板第一侧面的接地板,位于介质基板第二侧面的第一环形辐射贴片、第二环形辐射贴片和圆形辐射贴片,以及连接第一环形辐射贴片和第二环形辐射贴片的开关;第二环形辐射贴片和接地板连接,圆形辐射贴片和接地板连接;第一环形辐射贴片、第二环形辐射贴片和圆形辐射贴片的圆心相同,且第一环形辐射贴片的内径大于第二环形辐射贴片的外径,第二环形辐射贴片的内径大于圆形辐射贴片的半径。本发明用于增加环形微带天线的工作频段。(The embodiment of the invention provides an annular microstrip antenna and electronic equipment, relates to the technical field of antennas, and can increase the working frequency band of the annular microstrip antenna. The annular microstrip antenna includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a first annular radiation patch, a second annular radiation patch, a circular radiation patch and a switch, wherein the grounding plate is positioned on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate; the second annular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate, and the circular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate; the circle centers of the first annular radiation patch, the second annular radiation patch and the circular radiation patch are the same, the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch is larger than the radius of the circular radiation patch. The invention is used for increasing the working frequency range of the annular microstrip antenna.)
1. An annular microstrip antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a first annular radiation patch, a second annular radiation patch, a circular radiation patch and a switch, wherein the grounding plate is positioned on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate; the second annular radiating patch is connected with the ground plate, and the circular radiating patch is connected with the ground plate;
the centers of circles of the first annular radiation patch, the second annular radiation patch and the circular radiation patch are the same, the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch is larger than the radius of the circular radiation patch; the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the inner ring of the first annular radiation patch, the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the outer ring of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the inner ring of the second annular radiation patch.
2. The annular microstrip antenna of claim 1 further comprising an air layer;
the air layer is located between the dielectric substrate and the ground plate.
3. The annular microstrip antenna of claim 2 wherein the circular radiating patch comprises a # -shaped slot; the # -shaped slot is positioned in the center of the circular radiation patch and is symmetrical to the circular radiation patch.
4. The annular microstrip antenna of claim 3 wherein the switches comprise a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch; the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are respectively located on diagonals of the first annular radiation patch and the second annular radiation patch.
5. The annular microstrip antenna of claim 4 wherein the switch is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch or a copper plate.
6. The annular microstrip antenna of claim 5 wherein the dielectric substrate includes a first via and a second via;
the second annular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate through the first via hole;
the circular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate through the second via hole.
7. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a loop microstrip antenna according to any of claims 1-6.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an annular microstrip antenna and electronic equipment.
Background
Based on the characteristics of light weight, simple manufacture and integration with millimeter wave circuits and microwave circuits of the microstrip antenna, the multiband antenna is usually manufactured by the microstrip antenna. The existing multiband antenna usually adopts a laminated structure to realize multiband signal transmission, but due to the number of layers of the laminated structure of the antenna, the multiband antenna can only work in two or three frequency bands.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a circular microstrip antenna and an electronic device, which are used to provide a microstrip antenna capable of operating in multiple frequency bands.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a circular microstrip antenna is provided, which includes: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a first annular radiation patch, a second annular radiation patch, a circular radiation patch and a switch, wherein the grounding plate is positioned on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate; the second annular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate, and the circular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate; the circle centers of the first annular radiation patch, the second annular radiation patch and the circular radiation patch are the same, the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch is larger than the radius of the circular radiation patch; the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the inner ring of the first annular radiation patch, the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the outer ring of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the inner ring of the second annular radiation patch.
In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, which includes the loop microstrip antenna provided in the first aspect.
The annular microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises: the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a grounding plate, a first annular radiation patch, a second annular radiation patch, a circular radiation patch and a switch, wherein the grounding plate is positioned on the first side surface of the dielectric substrate; the second annular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate, and the circular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate; the circle centers of the first annular radiation patch, the second annular radiation patch and the circular radiation patch are the same, the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch is larger than the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch is larger than the radius of the circular radiation patch; the inner diameter of the first annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the inner ring of the first annular radiation patch, the outer diameter of the second annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the outer ring of the second annular radiation patch, and the inner diameter of the second annular radiation patch refers to the radius of the inner ring of the second annular radiation patch. The annular microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention can change the current distribution of the current on the first annular radiation patch, the second annular radiation patch and the circular radiation patch through the switch, thereby changing the radiation characteristic of the antenna. And because the second annular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate and the circular radiation patch is connected with the ground plate, when the switch is closed, various different current distribution conditions can be generated, so that the annular microstrip antenna can work in various different frequency bands.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a circular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram three of an annular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a first schematic return loss diagram of an annular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic return loss diagram of a circular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a first radiation pattern of a circular microstrip antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a second radiation pattern of a circular microstrip antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "e.g.," an embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
For the convenience of clearly describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, the words "first", "second", and the like are used for distinguishing the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and actions, and those skilled in the art can understand that the words "first", "second", and the like are not limited in number or execution order.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The shared aperture antenna can realize multi-band operation through a shared antenna aperture, thereby reducing the size of the antenna, and thus is widely applied to communication systems. The existing shared aperture antenna is generally realized by a microstrip patch antenna design, but the existing microstrip patch antenna can only work in dual frequency bands generally, has limited bandwidth, and cannot work independently among the frequency bands. The existing microstrip patch antenna generally realizes multi-band work through a laminated structure, and the manufacturing process is complex.
The traditional microstrip patch antenna mainly uses a square radiation patch, while the annular microstrip antenna has the characteristics of good directivity and strong anti-interference capability, and can work in an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) frequency band, an S frequency band and an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) system. And the structure of the annular microstrip antenna is symmetrical, nesting among the radiation patches is easy to realize, and the manufacturing process is simpler.
In order to solve the problems that the multi-band antenna can only work in two or three frequency bands and the manufacturing process is complex, an embodiment of the present invention provides an annular microstrip antenna, as shown in fig. 1, including:
Optionally, with reference to fig. 1 and as shown in fig. 2, the annular microstrip antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a first annular
The ground plate is located on the first side face of the
As shown in fig. 2, the centers of the first
In the embodiment of the present invention, the flame resistance rating of the
The annular microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention adjusts the distribution of current in the annular microstrip antenna through the switch, so that the radiation frequency of the annular microstrip antenna is changed, and the operation of the annular microstrip antenna in a plurality of frequency bands is realized. Compared with the traditional microstrip patch antenna mainly based on the square radiation patch, the annular microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simpler manufacturing process.
Optionally, the
Specifically, the first via 9 and the second via 10 are actually vias located on the
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the input resistance when the
In this embodiment, the
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the
In this embodiment, the
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the
Specifically, when the states of the
TABLE 1
As shown in table 1 above, when the antenna state is 0, the
Table 1 above shows that the annular microstrip antenna can operate at a plurality of different operating frequencies, and the relative bandwidth corresponding to the annular microstrip antenna operating at each operating frequency can be determined through actual measurement, for example, the relative bandwidth corresponding to the annular microstrip antenna at 1.1GHz is 1.6%, the relative bandwidth corresponding to the annular microstrip antenna at 1.625GHz is 4.6%, the relative bandwidth corresponding to the annular microstrip antenna at 1.97GHz is 1.1%, and the relative bandwidth corresponding to the annular microstrip antenna at 2.8GHz is 11.6%. The corresponding gain of the annular microstrip antenna under different working frequencies can be determined through actual measurement, for example, when the working frequency of the annular microstrip antenna is 1.1GHz in an antenna state 1-an
It should be noted that the operating parameters of the above-mentioned annular microstrip antenna are obtained by actual measurement, where the ON state refers to the switch being closed, and the OFF state refers to the switch being disconnected.
Alternatively, the switch may be a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) switch or a copper sheet. Of course, the switch may be a diode or an optical fiber switch, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that, because the optical fiber switch is not easily integrated with the printed circuit, and the isolation of the diode switch is poor, which affects the radiation efficiency of the antenna, there are certain technical disadvantages in both the optical fiber switch and the diode switch. The MEMS switch has the advantages of being easy to integrate with a printed circuit, small in size, high in isolation degree and small in influence on radiation efficiency of the antenna, and therefore the MEMS switch is preferably the MEMS switch in the embodiment of the invention. Of course, because of the high cost of the MEMS switch, it is also possible to replace the MEMS switch with a copper sheet, which controls the connection of the first
According to the annular microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the current distribution of the current in the annular microstrip antenna is changed by adjusting the states of the
Illustratively, table 2 below shows the dimensions of the loop microstrip antenna provided by the embodiments of the present invention.
TABLE 2
Parameter(s)
Numerical value (mm)
Parameter(s)
Numerical value (mm)
2
R3
30
2
R4
16
W
95
R5
15
L
95
a
15
R1
43
1
R2
33
Wherein h1 is the thickness of
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 3, the second annular radiation patch 7 is further provided with 2 slots, and the two slots are symmetrical to each other. Wherein, the width of the slot is a, and the length of the slot is b. The length of the
According to the annular microstrip antenna, simulation software is used for simulating the annular microstrip antenna, the size of a radiation boundary in the simulation software can be set to be 220mm multiplied by 140mm, the distance between the radiation boundary and a radiation patch is larger than lambda/4, and lambda is the wavelength of a radiation signal corresponding to the lowest frequency point of the sweep frequency. Taking the
According to the curve shown in fig. 4, the annular microstrip antenna can actually operate at 1.625GHz of the L-band, and can also operate at 1.97 GHz; according to the graph shown in fig. 5, the circular microstrip antenna can actually operate at 2.8GHz of the S-band. Fig. 4 shows S11 parametric curves of the annular microstrip antenna in
TABLE 3
By comparing table 1 and table 3, and comparing the curves of fig. 4 and fig. 5, it can be found that the operating frequency obtained by actually measuring the loop microstrip antenna has a certain error with the operating frequency obtained by simulation, but the operating frequency substantially matches. The error between the simulation result and the actual measurement result may be caused by the following reasons:
(1) the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate used in the actual measurement of the annular microstrip antenna is deviated from the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate used in the simulation; (2) there are certain errors in the actual manufacturing process of the annular microstrip antenna, such as welding of the probes (the
The radiation patterns shown in fig. 6 and 7 can also be obtained by simulation software, wherein fig. 6 is the radiation pattern of the annular microstrip antenna in the
Simulation shows that the annular microstrip antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention can work in an L wave band and an S wave band, has a larger working frequency range compared with the existing microstrip antenna, can realize reconstruction of a radiation pattern, and can have a wider application range.
It should be noted that the simulation software used in the embodiment of the present invention is Ansoft HFSS, and of course, those skilled in the art may also use other simulation software to simulate the annular microstrip antenna.
As shown in fig. 8, an
Wherein the receiver 101, the transmitter 102 and the memory 103 are all connected to the processor 104, e.g. via a bus. The
The detailed description of the
The memory 103 may comprise a Random Access Memory (RAM) memory, and may further comprise a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory.
The processor 104 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention. The antenna and the electronic device provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and a person skilled in the art may change the concepts of the embodiments of the present invention in the specific implementation and application scope, therefore, the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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