Method and system for determining target position information of beam limiting device
阅读说明:本技术 一种限束装置的目标位置信息的确定方法和系统 (Method and system for determining target position information of beam limiting device ) 是由 冯娟 韩业成 于 2020-07-30 设计创作,主要内容包括:本申请公开了一种限束装置的目标位置信息的确定方法和系统。所述限束装置的目标位置信息的确定方法包括获取目标对象的光学图像息;获取所述目标对象的目标部位信息;至少根据所述光学图像信息、所述目标部位信息,确定目标对象上的待照射位置信息和/或所述限束装置的目标位置信息。(The application discloses a method and a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device. The method for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device comprises the steps of acquiring optical image information of a target object; acquiring target part information of the target object; and determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target part information.)
1. A method of determining target position information of a beam limiting device, the method comprising:
acquiring optical image information of a target object;
acquiring target part information of the target object;
and determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target part information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining target site information of the target object comprises: acquiring a medical image of a target part in the target object;
the determining of the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target position information comprises:
and determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the medical image.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining target site information of the target object further comprises: acquiring protocol information related to the target object, wherein the protocol information at least comprises target part information of the target object;
the determining of the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target position information comprises:
and determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the protocol information.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring initial position information of the beam limiting device;
when the information of the position to be irradiated on the target object is determined according to the optical image information and the target part information, the method further comprises the following steps:
and determining the target position information of the beam limiting device according to the position information to be irradiated and the initial position information.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining the information of the position to be irradiated on the target object according to the optical image information and the target part information comprises:
and inputting the optical image information and the target part information into a first machine learning model to determine the position information to be irradiated.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first machine learning model is obtained by:
obtaining an initial machine learning model;
acquiring initial sample training data, wherein the initial sample training data comprises historical optical images of a historical target object and historical medical image images of one or more target parts on the historical target object;
determining the mark information of the historical optical image according to the historical optical image and the fusion result information of the historical medical image; the marker information includes position information of a target site in the historical optical image;
and inputting the historical optical image and the historical medical image as input data, and the marking information as output data into the initial machine learning model for training.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the target position information of the beam limiting device according to the optical image information and the target site information comprises:
inputting the optical image information and the target site information into a second machine learning model to determine target position information of the beam limiting device.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the second machine learning model is obtained by:
obtaining an initial machine learning model;
acquiring initial sample training data, wherein the initial sample training data comprises historical optical images of a historical target object and historical medical image images of one or more target parts on the historical target object;
determining historical target position information of a corresponding beam limiting device according to the fusion result information of the historical optical image and the historical medical image;
and inputting the historical optical image and the historical medical image as input data, and inputting the historical target position information of the corresponding beam limiting device as output data into the initial machine learning model for training.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and controlling the beam limiting device to move according to the target position information of the beam limiting device.
10. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
and if the target position information is larger than a preset threshold range, sending out prompt information.
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the position information to be irradiated includes at least two sub-regions to be irradiated; the target position information of the beam limiting device comprises sub-target position information corresponding to the two sub-areas to be irradiated.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the protocol information associated with the target object includes at least two sub-target portions; correspondingly, the sub-region to be irradiated can be determined according to the sub-target part in the protocol information.
13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the sub-regions to be illuminated are determined by the preset algorithm; and determining the position information of at least two sub targets of the corresponding beam limiting device according to the sub areas to be irradiated.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam limiting device comprises a multileaf grating collimator.
15. A system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device is characterized by comprising an optical image information acquisition module, a target position information acquisition module and a determination module;
the optical image information acquisition module is used for acquiring optical image information of a target object;
the target part information acquisition module is used for acquiring target part information of the target object;
the determining module is used for determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target position information.
16. An apparatus for determining an operating position, comprising a processor, wherein the processor is configured to perform a method of determining target position information of a beam limiting device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
17. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions in the storage medium are read by a computer, the computer performs the method for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of beam limiting devices, and in particular, to a method and a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device.
Background
Radiation devices (e.g., DR devices, CT devices, X-ray machines, linear accelerators, C-arm machines, etc.) image and/or treat a patient by emitting radiation (e.g., X-rays, beta rays, gamma rays, etc.). When the radiation equipment irradiates radiation, the beam limiter is provided with a corresponding opening, and the radiation irradiates a human body through the opening. The mismatch between the area of the body to be irradiated through the opening of the beam limiter and the area of the body to be irradiated poses the problem of receiving unwanted radiation that may be harmful to the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for determining target position information of a beam limiter, which improves the matching degree of the opening of the beam limiter and the region to be irradiated on the human body.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for determining target position information of a beam limiting device. The method for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device comprises the steps of acquiring optical image information of a target object; acquiring target part information of the target object; and determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target part information.
One embodiment of the present application provides a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device. The system for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device comprises an optical image information acquisition module, a target position information acquisition module and a determination module; the optical image information acquisition module is used for acquiring optical image information of a target object; the target part information acquisition module is used for acquiring target part information of the target object; the determining module is used for determining the position information to be irradiated on the target object and/or the target position information of the beam limiting device at least according to the optical image information and the target position information.
One of the embodiments of the present application provides an apparatus for determining an operation position. The device comprises a processor for executing the method for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device.
One of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium stores computer instructions, and after the computer reads the computer instructions in the storage medium, the computer executes the method for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device.
Drawings
The present application will be further explained by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by way of the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not intended to be limiting, in that, like numerals indicate like structures,
wherein:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device according to some embodiments of the present application
Using a scene schematic diagram;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device according to some embodiments of the present application
A block diagram;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a method for determining target position information for an exemplary beam limiting device according to some embodiments of the present application
A process flow diagram.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
On the contrary, this application is intended to cover any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that may be included within the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present application, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without these specific details.
The embodiment of the application relates to a method and a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device. The method for determining the target position information of the beam limiter apparatus can be applied to beam limiters on radiation devices (such as DR devices, CT devices, etc.). Before each irradiation of the radiation apparatus, the method can automatically determine the target position information of the beam limiting device according to at least the automatically acquired optical image information and the target part information (such as irradiation organs in medical tasks) of the target object (such as a human body or other experimental bodies), so that the region of the target object irradiated by the rays transmitted through the target position of the beam limiting device can be matched with the region to be irradiated as much as possible, and the damage of unnecessary radiation dose to the target object is avoided while the imaging/treatment quality is ensured. The method is particularly suitable for being used when children are irradiated by radiation, so that the radiation injury protection of the children is realized.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device according to some embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the target position
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
Network 120 may include any suitable network capable of facilitating information and/or data exchange for
In some embodiments, at least one
In some embodiments, at least one
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments,
In some embodiments, the
It should be noted that the foregoing description is provided for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Many variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the teachings herein. The features, structures, methods, and other features of the example embodiments described herein may be combined in various ways to obtain additional and/or alternative example embodiments. For example, the
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a system for determining target position information of a beam limiting device according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the target location
The optical image information acquisition module 210 may be used to acquire optical image information of a target object.
The target portion
The determining
In some embodiments, the target location
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the target location
In some embodiments, the training module may be further operable to obtain a second machine learning model by: obtaining an initial machine learning model; acquiring initial sample training data, wherein the initial sample training data comprises historical optical images of a historical target object and historical medical image images of one or more target parts on the historical target object; determining historical target position information of a corresponding beam limiting device according to the fusion result information of the historical optical image and the historical medical image; and inputting the historical optical image and the historical medical image as input data, and inputting the historical target position information of the corresponding beam limiting device as output data or a reference standard into the initial machine learning model for training.
It should be understood that the system and its modules shown in FIG. 2 may be implemented in a variety of ways. For example, in some embodiments, the system and its modules may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. Wherein the hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory for execution by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the methods and systems described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code being provided, for example, on a carrier medium such as a diskette, CD-or DVD-ROM, a programmable memory such as read-only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier. The system and its modules of the present application may be implemented not only by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., but also by software executed by various types of processors, for example, or by a combination of the above hardware circuits and software (e.g., firmware).
It should be noted that the above description of the system for determining an operation position and the modules thereof is merely for convenience of description and does not limit the present application within the scope of the illustrated embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, given the teachings of the system, any combination of modules or sub-system configurations can be used to connect to other modules without departing from such teachings. For example, in some embodiments, the optical image information acquisition module 210, the target region
Fig. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a method for determining target position information of an exemplary beam limiting device according to some embodiments of the present application. In particular, the
step 310, optical image information of the target object is acquired. Specifically, the
In some embodiments, the target object may be understood as an object to be irradiated, which may include a human body or other experimental body. The other experimental body can comprise an experimental model of other animals, living or not living. The optical image information may be visible light image information of the target object. For example, the optical image information may be a visible light whole-body image of a human body or other experimental body, or a video capable of reflecting the whole-body image of the human body or other experimental body. In some embodiments, the optical image information acquisition module 210 may acquire the optical image information of the target object through a camera. In some embodiments, the camera may be fixedly disposed on the medical imaging device, or may be disposed at a fixed location outside of the medical imaging device. The fixed position of the camera is not particularly limited in this specification as long as the camera can acquire a whole body image of the target object by one or more pictures.
In step 320, target site information of the target object is obtained. Specifically, the step 120 may be performed by the target region
The target part refers to an organ to be irradiated on a target object in a medical task. The target site information is information capable of reflecting the organ to be irradiated. For example, the target site information may be a name of an organ to be irradiated. For another example, the target site information may be specific position information of the organ to be irradiated. In some embodiments, the target portion
In some embodiments, the target portion
In
In some embodiments, in the
Step 332, determining the information of the position to be irradiated according to the optical image information and the information of the target part.
In some embodiments, the position to be irradiated may be understood as a position of an area to be irradiated, which needs to be irradiated on the target object, and may also be called a position of the area to be irradiated. The information of the position to be irradiated is information capable of reflecting the position of the region to be irradiated. Specifically, in some embodiments, the to-be-irradiated position information may be to-be-irradiated organ position information of the target object determined on the optical image. For example, the to-be-irradiated position information may include one or more of a position where the to-be-irradiated organ is reflected on the optical image, an area size where the to-be-irradiated organ is reflected on the optical image, and the like.
In some embodiments, the processing device may process the optical image based on the target site information and then output the position information to be irradiated corresponding to the target site. In some embodiments, when the target portion information includes a medical image corresponding to the target portion, the processing device may perform image fusion processing on the optical image and the medical image, and determine a position on the optical image where the target portion is reflected on the surface of the target object. For example, the contour of the target site may be displayed directly on the optical image. In some embodiments, when the target portion information is obtained from the corresponding protocol information, the processing device may perform processing analysis on the optical image, the processing analysis being used to determine an approximate organ position of the target object in the optical image, and determine position information of the target portion reflected on the surface of the target object based on the target portion in the protocol information. For example, the contour or region of the organ corresponding to the target site in the protocol information may be directly displayed in the optical image.
In some embodiments, the processing device may process one or more of the steps described above using a preset algorithm. The preset algorithm may include, but is not limited to, a machine learning model, and the like. For example, the processing device may directly determine a position where the target portion is reflected on the surface of the target object, that is, a position to be irradiated, based on the optical image information and the target portion information using the machine learning model.
In some embodiments, the preset algorithm may be a first machine learning model. In some embodiments, when the target site information includes a medical image, the optical image of the target object and the medical image of the target site may be input to the first machine learning model, and the first machine learning model may directly output the to-be-irradiated position information. In some embodiments, the positional information to be illuminated output by the first machine learning model may include an optical image with position markers. In some embodiments, the information of the position to be irradiated output by the first machine learning model may include coordinate information of the position to be irradiated. In some embodiments, when the target portion information is obtained from the corresponding protocol information, the protocol information may be processed to extract the target portion information from the protocol information, and then the target portion information is subjected to feature processing, and the processed feature information corresponding to the target portion information and the optical image of the target object are input into the first machine learning model, and correspondingly, the first machine learning model may directly output the optical image with the position mark or directly output the coordinate information of the position to be irradiated. Specifically, the training process of the first machine learning model is described in detail later.
And step 334, determining target position information of the beam limiting device according to the information of the position to be irradiated and the initial position information of the beam limiting device.
The initial position of the beam limiting means is the position before the beam limiting means is moved when irradiation has not started. The initial position information of the beam limiting device means initial position information capable of reflecting the beam limiting device. In particular, the initial position information of the beam limiting device may be understood as the distance between the beam limiting device and the target object to be irradiated before the beam limiting device moves.
The target position of the beam limiting device is the position which needs to be reached after the beam limiting device moves, and the position corresponds to the information of the position to be irradiated. The target position information of the beam limiting device refers to information that can reflect the target position of the beam limiting device. In some embodiments, the target position information of the beam limiting device may include a position of the blade after the beam limiting device reaches the target position (e.g., a spatial coordinate position of the blade after the beam limiting device reaches the target position) or an opening size of the blade in the end face of the beam limiting device after the beam limiting device reaches the target position (e.g., a position of the blade in the end face of the beam limiting device after the beam limiting device reaches the target position), and the like.
In some embodiments, the initial position information of the beam limiting device may be obtained by protocol information related to the target object, which may include the initial position information of the beam limiting device. In some embodiments, the initial position information of the beam limiting device may also be obtained by other means. Other modes may include automatic acquisition modes and manual acquisition modes. The automatic acquisition mode may include the system directly acquiring corresponding measurement data from the distance detection sensor, the laser detection device, the infrared detection device, and the like. The manual acquisition means may include, but is not limited to, a doctor manually measuring the position of the leaves on the beam limiting device by means of an additional laser detection device, a doctor manually measuring the position of the leaves on the beam limiting device by means of an additional infrared detector, etc. For example, the doctor can place the laser detection device at a proper position, then emit laser to the beam limiting device, and then receive the laser signal by the laser receiver on the laser detection device, so that the laser detection device determines the position of the blade on the beam limiting device, and then the doctor manually inputs the position of the blade to the determining
In some embodiments, the determining
The processing equipment can accurately determine the position information to be irradiated according to the optical image information and the target position information, and then accurately determine the target position information of the beam limiting device according to the position information to be irradiated and the initial position information of the beam limiting device. The embodiment is suitable for the situation that the initial position of the beam limiting device changes frequently, in the embodiment, the position of the area to be irradiated is determined, and then the target position of the corresponding beam limiting device is calculated based on the current position of the beam limiting device, so that more scenes with different initial positions of the beam limiting devices can be adapted, and more flexibility is achieved.
The target position of the beam limiting device is the same as the target position in
In some embodiments, the pre-set algorithm may include, but is not limited to, a machine learning model, and the like. In some embodiments, the preset algorithm may be a second machine learning model, and the optical image information and the target site information are input to the second machine learning model to determine target position information of the beam limiting device. In some embodiments, in the case that the initial position of the beam limiting device during actual irradiation is consistent with the initial position during training, the determining
In some embodiments, when the target site information includes a medical image, the optical image of the target object and the medical image of the target site may be input to the second machine learning model, which may directly output the target position information of the beam limiting device. For example, the second machine learning model directly outputs the target position coordinates of the beam limiting device. In some embodiments, when the target portion information is obtained from the corresponding protocol information, the protocol information may be processed, the target portion information in the protocol information is extracted, then the target portion information is subjected to feature processing, and the processed feature information corresponding to the target portion information and the optical image of the target object are input into the second machine learning model, and correspondingly, the second machine learning model may directly output target position information of the beam limiting device, for example, coordinate information of the target position of the beam limiting device. In addition, the training process of the second machine learning model is described in detail later.
In some embodiments, after determining the target position information of the beam limiting device, the beam limiting device may be controlled to move to the corresponding target position based on the target position information directly, as detailed in
In some embodiments, when the area of the target portion on the optical image displayed in the position information to be irradiated is larger than the maximum area that can be covered by the radiation beam emitted by the beam limiting device, the beam limiting device can only obtain a local medical image of the target portion by one-shot shooting. In order to obtain a complete medical image of the whole target portion, the shooting of the target portion needs to be divided into at least two times of shooting and performed respectively, and then the medical image images obtained by at least two times of shooting are spliced together to obtain the complete medical image of the target portion. In some embodiments, whether the target site needs to be spliced and split into segments may be determined by the processing device or may be determined based on protocol information.
In some embodiments, when the target region needs to be divided into at least two parts for irradiation, the position information to be irradiated includes at least two sub-regions to be irradiated; correspondingly, the target position information of the beam limiting device also comprises sub-target position information corresponding to the two sub-regions to be irradiated respectively. For example, the target region needs to be photographed in two parts, the first part being the upper half of the target region and the second part being the lower half of the target region. It is then necessary to determine a corresponding upper half of the area to be irradiated on the target object based on the upper half of the target portion and a corresponding lower half of the area to be irradiated on the target object based on the lower half of the target portion, which may be regarded as the sub-areas to be irradiated. Two sets of target position information of the beam limiting device respectively determined based on the two sub-regions to be irradiated can be regarded as sub-target position information.
In some embodiments, whether the shot of the target site needs to be divided into multiple shots, and into several shots, may be determined by the protocol information. For example, the protocol information may include target site information and two sub-target sites corresponding to the target site. Correspondingly, the sub-region to be irradiated can be determined according to the sub-target part in the protocol information. In some embodiments, the processing device may process the optical image of the target object based on sub-target site information of the target site in the protocol information, resulting in sub-regions to be irradiated corresponding to the sub-target sites. The specific process can be described with reference to step 332 in this specification.
In some embodiments, whether the shot of the target site needs to be divided into multiple shots, and into several shots, may be automatically determined by the processing device. For example, the processing device may automatically plan several sub-regions to be illuminated corresponding to the target site based on the image information and the target site information.
In some embodiments, after the sub-regions to be irradiated are determined, several pieces of target position information corresponding to each sub-region to be irradiated may be determined based on the output position information of the beam limiting device, and the several pieces of target position information may be regarded as target sub-position information. A detailed description of the determination of the target position of the beam limiting device on the basis of the area to be irradiated may be found elsewhere in this specification.
Step 340, determining whether the target position information is larger than a preset threshold range.
The preset threshold range refers to a range of the target portion that can be covered by the radiation beam emitted by the beam limiting device. In some embodiments, the preset threshold range may be based on past experience of the physician. In some embodiments, when the
And step 350, sending out prompt information.
When the target position information exceeds the preset threshold range, the processing device can send out prompt information to inform medical staff that the current beam limiting device cannot reach the target position determined by the system calculation. At the moment, the medical staff can pause shooting and adjust the beam limiting device according to the recorded information in the prompt message. In some embodiments, the prompt message may include whether the preset threshold range is exceeded, how much the preset threshold range is exceeded, and the specific content of the target position information, so that reference is made in subsequent adjustment of the beam limiting device. Specifically, the prompt information may include one or more of a text prompt, a voice prompt, a video prompt, a light prompt, and the like. For example, when the target location information of the
And step 360, controlling the beam limiting device to move according to the target position information of the beam limiting device.
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
In some embodiments, the
Further, in some embodiments, the second machine learning model may also take into account the initial position of the beam limiting device during the training process. For example, after the historical region to be irradiated is to be determined, historical target position information of the beam limiting device may be determined based on an initial position of the beam limiting device. Correspondingly, the historical optical image, the initial position of the beam limiting device and the historical medical image may be input as input data for training.
In some embodiments, the
It should be noted that the above description related to the
The beneficial effects that the method and the system for determining the target position information of the beam limiting device disclosed by the application can bring include but are not limited to: (1) the method can determine reasonable target position information of the beam limiting device according to optical image information and target part information of a target object, so that an area, irradiated by rays through the target position of the beam limiting device, of the target object can be matched with an area to be irradiated as much as possible, the damage of unnecessary radiation dose to the target object is avoided while the imaging/treatment quality is ensured, and the method is very suitable for being used when children are irradiated by radiation, so that the radiation damage protection of the children is realized; (2) the beam limiting device can be controlled to rapidly move to a specific position according to the determined target position information of the beam limiting device, and the working efficiency is improved. (3) According to the method and the device, the position to be irradiated corresponding to the target part can be determined according to the optical image information and the target part information of the target object. The matching degree of the area to be irradiated and the target part is improved, and the irradiation area of unnecessary rays entering the target object is reduced. It is to be noted that different embodiments may produce different advantages, and in different embodiments, any one or combination of the above advantages may be produced, or any other advantages may be obtained.
Having thus described the basic concept, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing detailed disclosure is to be considered merely illustrative and not restrictive of the broad application. Various modifications, improvements and adaptations to the present application may occur to those skilled in the art, although not explicitly described herein. Such modifications, improvements and adaptations are proposed in the present application and thus fall within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present application.
Also, this application uses specific language to describe embodiments of the application. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and/or "some embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with at least one embodiment of the present application is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be appreciated that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, some features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of the present application may be combined as appropriate.
Similarly, it should be noted that in the preceding description of embodiments of the application, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure aiding in the understanding of one or more of the embodiments. This method of disclosure, however, is not intended to require more features than are expressly recited in the claims. Indeed, the embodiments may be characterized as having less than all of the features of a single embodiment disclosed above. Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present application. Other variations are also possible within the scope of the present application. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of the present application can be viewed as being consistent with the teachings of the present application. Accordingly, the embodiments of the present application are not limited to only those embodiments explicitly described and depicted herein.
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