阅读说明：本技术 一种安全分离氢气的太阳能光催化制氢系统 (Solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen ) 是由 王亚瑟 冉鹏 陈宇彤 于 2020-08-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种太阳能制氢技术,特别涉及一种安全分离氢气的太阳能光催化制氢系统,属于能源技术领域。其特征在于将大量氩气通入光催化制氢反应器中,降低生成物中氢气的浓度,在接下来的加热和分离过程中有效防止氢气爆炸,提高系统安全性；使用太阳能热利用装置加热全氟化碳基液体渗透膜,将其维持在90℃左右以保持良好的选择性和渗透性。充分利用太阳能,避免使用电加热器等高耗能设备,提高系统效率。本系统具有安全性高、绿色环保等优点。(A solar hydrogen production technology, in particular to a solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen, which belongs to the technical field of energy. The method is characterized in that a large amount of argon is introduced into the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor, so that the concentration of hydrogen in a product is reduced, hydrogen explosion is effectively prevented in the subsequent heating and separation processes, and the system safety is improved; the perfluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane is heated using a solar heat utilizing apparatus and maintained at about 90 ℃ to maintain good selectivity and permeability. The solar energy is fully utilized, high energy consumption equipment such as an electric heater is avoided, and the system efficiency is improved. The system has the advantages of high safety, environmental protection and the like.)

1. The solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen is characterized by comprising the following devices: the device comprises a water tank (1), a circulating pump (2), a photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3), a solar heat utilization device (4), a drying device (5), a molecular membrane type gas separator (6), a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator (7) with a heating device, an argon compression pump (8), an argon tank (9), an oxygen compression pump (10), an oxygen tank (11), a hydrogen compression pump (12), a hydrogen tank (13) and a groove-shaped paraboloid condenser (14);

an outlet of the water tank (1) is connected with a water inlet of a circulating pump (2) through a pipeline and a valve, an outlet of the circulating pump (2) is connected with a bottom inlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) through a pipeline and a valve, and an argon inlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) is connected with an outlet of an argon tank (9) through a pipeline and a valve; the groove-shaped parabolic condenser (14) reflects sunlight to the light receiving surface of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3), and the outlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) is connected with the inlet of the drying device (5) through a pipeline and a valve; the outlet of the drying device (5) is connected with the inlet of the molecular membrane type gas separator (6) through a pipeline and a valve; an outlet (6b) at the upper end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is connected with an inlet of a hydrogen compression pump (12) through a pipeline and a valve; the outlet of the hydrogen compression pump (12) is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen tank (13) through a pipeline and a valve; an outlet (6a) at the lower end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is connected with a gas inlet of a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator (7) with a heating device through a pipeline and a valve; an outlet (7b) at the upper end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device is connected with an inlet of an argon compression pump (8) through a pipeline and a valve; the solar heat utilization device (4) is connected with a heater (7c) of a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with a heating device through a pipeline and a valve; the outlet of the argon compression pump (8) is connected with the inlet of an argon tank (9) through a pipeline and a valve; an outlet (7a) at the lower end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device is connected with an inlet of an oxygen compression pump (10) through a pipeline and a valve, and an outlet of the oxygen compression pump (10) is connected with an inlet of an oxygen tank (11) through a pipeline and a valve.

2. The solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen according to claim 1 is characterized by being operated in the following manner: water in the water tank (1) is driven by a circulating pump (2) to enter the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3), and a groove-shaped parabolic condenser (14) maintains the temperature of the whole photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) at about 50 ℃; water in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) absorbs sunlight with corresponding wavelength, and the catalyst excites the water to generate a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen; meanwhile, an outlet valve of the argon tank (9) is opened, and argon in the argon tank (9) enters the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3); conveying the mixed gas of argon, hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) to a drying device (5) through a pipeline to remove the water vapor in the mixed gas; the dried mixed gas firstly enters a molecular membrane type gas separator (6), hydrogen is separated through a molecular sieve membrane of the molecular membrane type gas separator (6) and is discharged from an outlet (6b) at the upper end of the molecular membrane type gas separator, and the discharged hydrogen is compressed by a hydrogen compression pump (12) and enters a hydrogen tank (13) for storage; the other side of the molecular sieve membrane of the molecular membrane type gas separator (6) separates the mixed gas of argon and oxygen, and the mixed gas is discharged through an outlet (6a) at the lower end of the molecular membrane type gas separator; the mixed gas of oxygen and argon enters a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator (7) with a heating device; the solar heat utilization device (4) heats the circulating water to 90-100 ℃, and hot water is introduced into a heater (7c) of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator; the mixed gas of oxygen and argon is separated under the action of a fluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane in a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator (7), and the separated oxygen is discharged from an outlet (7a) at the lower end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with a heating device and enters an oxygen tank (11) for storage through an oxygen compression pump (10); argon discharged from an outlet (7b) at the upper end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device returns to an argon tank (9) after passing through an argon compression pump (8).

3. The solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor (3) is connected with the outlet of the argon tank (9) through a pipeline and a valve, a large amount of argon is directly doped into the mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, the concentration of the hydrogen is reduced to be below 4%, hydrogen explosion is effectively prevented in the following processes of hydrogen generation, heating and separation, and the safety of the system is improved; argon is separated by a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator (7) with a heating device and is stored in an argon tank (9), so that the cyclic utilization of the argon is realized;

the solar heat utilization device (4) is connected with a heater of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator (7) with the heating device through a pipeline and a valve, the perfluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane is heated by solar energy and is maintained at about 90 ℃ to keep good permeation rate, the solar energy is fully used in the process, high-energy-consumption equipment such as an electric heater is avoided, and the system efficiency is improved.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a solar hydrogen production technology, in particular to a solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen, and belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources.

Background

With global environmental pollution and the increase in greenhouse effect, hydrogen energy has been spotlighted as an energy source having a high calorific value and a clean combustion product. A large number of hydrogen production technologies have been studied and developed, and among them, the photocatalytic hydrogen production technology has been receiving much attention because it can store and utilize solar energy.

The solar photocatalytic hydrogen production technology is a pollution-free production technology capable of realizing hydrogen energy, has a wide application range and is a solar hydrogen production technology in the prior art. However, hydrogen and oxygen generated by the current solar photocatalytic hydrogen production technology are mixed together, and the explosion limit concentration of the hydrogen is about 4% -75.6%, so that the prior art has serious potential safety hazards.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention designs a solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen aiming at potential safety hazards of the photocatalytic hydrogen production system. According to the system, inert gas argon is doped into the newly generated hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas to serve as a protective gas, so that the concentration of hydrogen is reduced to be below 4%, and then the mixed gas is sequentially and safely separated. The system not only improves the safety of the photocatalytic hydrogen production system, but also realizes the high-efficiency utilization of solar energy, and is safe, high-efficiency, green and environment-friendly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.

The system comprises a water tank, a circulating pump, a photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor, a solar heat utilization device, a drying device, a molecular membrane type gas separator, a liquid selective permeation membrane type gas separator with a heating device, a compression pump, an argon tank, a hydrogen tank, an oxygen tank, a groove-shaped paraboloid condenser, a relevant connecting pipeline and a valve.

Wherein, the outlet of the water tank is connected with the circulating pump and the inlet at the bottom of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor through pipelines and valves, and the argon inlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor is connected with the outlet of the argon tank through pipelines and valves. The groove-shaped parabolic condenser absorbs and reflects sunlight to the light receiving surface of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor. The outlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor is connected with the inlet of the drying device through a pipeline and a valve. The outlet of the drying device is connected with the inlet of the molecular membrane type gas separator through a pipeline and a valve, the outlet at the upper end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen compression pump and the hydrogen tank through a pipeline and a valve, and the outlet at the lower end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is connected with the gas inlet of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device through a pipeline and a valve. The outlet at the upper end of the gas of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device is connected with the argon compression pump and the inlet of the argon tank through pipelines and valves, and the outlet at the lower end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device is connected with the oxygen compression pump and the inlet of the oxygen tank through pipelines and valves.

Preferably, the outlet valve of the argon tank is opened, argon is released and is directly filled into the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor, so that the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor is filled with the argon, the hydrogen and oxygen concentrations in the inner space of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor are reduced, hydrogen explosion is effectively prevented in the subsequent heating and separation processes, and the system safety is improved.

Preferably, the solar heat utilization device is connected with a heater of the liquid permselective membrane gas separator with the heating device through a pipeline and a valve, and the perfluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane is heated by the solar heat and is maintained at about 90 ℃ so as to keep a good permeation rate. And a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with a heating device is used for separating argon gas, so that the cyclic utilization of the argon gas is realized.

The invention has the advantages and prominent technical effects that: argon is directly filled into a photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor, so that a large amount of argon is doped into the generated mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen, the concentration of the hydrogen before separation is maintained below 4%, explosion is effectively prevented, and the safety of a system is improved; secondly, the liquid permselective membrane is heated by utilizing a solar heat utilization device, high energy consumption devices such as an electric heater are avoided, and the system efficiency is improved; and thirdly, the argon is separated and recycled, the integrity of the system is high, and the economy is effectively improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen and oxygen.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a solar heat utilization apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a liquid permselective membrane gas separator with heating means.

The list of labels in the figure is: 1-a water tank; 2-a circulating pump; 3-photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor; 4-a solar heat utilization device; 4 a-a heat collector of a solar heat utilization device; 4 b-a heat storage water tank of the solar heat utilization device; 5-a drying device; 6-molecular membrane gas separator; 6 a-a lower end outlet of the molecular membrane type gas separator; 6 b-an outlet at the upper end of the molecular membrane type gas separator; 7-a liquid permselective membrane gas separator with a heating device; 7 a-a lower outlet of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with a heating device; 7 b-an upper end outlet of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with a heating device; 7 c-a heater of a liquid permselective membrane gas separator with a heating device; 8-argon gas compression pump; 9-argon tank; 10-an oxygen compression pump; 11-an oxygen tank; 12-a hydrogen gas compression pump; 13-a hydrogen tank; 14-trough parabolic concentrator.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1, the system of the invention comprises a water tank 1, a circulating pump 2, a photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3, a solar heat utilization device 4, a drying device 5, a molecular membrane type gas separator 6, a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 7 with a heating device, an argon gas compression pump 8, an argon gas tank 9, an oxygen gas compression pump 10, an oxygen gas tank 11, a hydrogen gas compression pump 12, a hydrogen gas tank 13, a trough-shaped parabolic condenser 14, and corresponding connecting pipelines and valves.

As shown in fig. 1, the molecular membrane type gas separator 6 includes a lower outlet 6a and an upper outlet 6b, and a molecular sieve membrane is disposed inside the molecular membrane, and the molecular sieve membrane can screen and purify hydrogen according to the difference of the sizes of hydrogen molecules, oxygen molecules and argon molecules.

As shown in fig. 2, the solar heat utilization device 4 includes a heat collector 4a of the solar heat utilization device and a heat storage tank 4b of the solar heat utilization device.

As shown in fig. 3, the liquid permselective membrane gas separator with heating device 7 includes a lower outlet 7a and an upper outlet 7b, and a heater 7c having a perfluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane disposed therein, and has a good separation performance for oxygen and argon.

As shown in fig. 1, the system of the present invention is connected as follows: the outlet of the water tank 1 is connected with the water inlet of the circulating pump 2 through a pipeline and a valve, the outlet of the circulating pump 2 is connected with the bottom inlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 through a pipeline and a valve, and the argon inlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 is connected with the outlet of the argon tank 9 through a pipeline and a valve. The groove-shaped parabolic condenser 14 reflects sunlight to the light receiving surface of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3, and the outlet of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 is connected with the inlet of the drying device 5 through a pipeline and a valve. The outlet of the drying device 5 is connected with the inlet of the molecular membrane type gas separator 6 through a pipeline and a valve; an outlet 6b at the upper end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is connected with an inlet of a hydrogen compression pump 12 through a pipeline and a valve; the outlet of the hydrogen compression pump 12 is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen tank 13 through a pipeline and a valve; the outlet 6a at the lower end of the molecular membrane type gas separator is connected with the gas inlet of a liquid selective permeation membrane type gas separator 7 with a heating device through a pipeline and a valve. An outlet 7b at the upper end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device is connected with an inlet of an argon compression pump 8 through a pipeline and a valve; the solar heat utilization device 4 is connected with a heater 7c of a liquid permselective membrane gas separator with a heating device through a pipeline and a valve. The outlet of the argon compression pump 8 is connected with the inlet of the argon tank 9 through a pipeline and a valve. The outlet 7a at the lower end of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device is connected with the inlet of an oxygen compression pump 10 through a pipeline and a valve, and the outlet of the oxygen compression pump 10 is connected with the inlet of an oxygen tank 11 through a pipeline and a valve.

The system operates as follows.

As shown in fig. 1, water in a water tank 1 is driven by a circulating pump 2 to enter a photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3, and a groove-shaped parabolic condenser 14 maintains the temperature of the whole photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 at about 50 ℃; the water in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 absorbs sunlight with corresponding wavelength, and the catalyst excites the water to generate a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen; meanwhile, an outlet valve of the argon tank 9 is opened, argon in the argon tank 9 enters the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3, and the content of hydrogen in the mixed gas in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 is reduced to be below 4%; conveying the mixed gas of argon, hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor in the photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 to a drying device 5 through a pipeline to remove the water vapor in the mixed gas; the dried mixed gas firstly enters a molecular membrane type gas separator 6, hydrogen is separated through a molecular sieve membrane of the molecular membrane type gas separator 6 and is discharged from a port 6b, and the hydrogen discharged from the port 6b is compressed through a hydrogen compression pump 12 and enters a hydrogen tank 13 for storage; the other side of the molecular sieve membrane of the molecular membrane type gas separator 6 separates the mixed gas of argon and oxygen, and the mixed gas is discharged through a port 6a of the molecular membrane type gas separator 6; the oxygen and argon mixture then enters a liquid permselective membrane gas separator 7 with heating means. In order to ensure the permeation efficiency of the liquid permselective membrane gas separator 7, the fluorocarbon-based liquid permeation membrane inside the liquid permselective membrane gas separator 7 needs to be maintained at about 90 ℃, and the energy of the fluorocarbon-based liquid permeation membrane comes from the solar heat utilization device 4; the heat collector 4a of the solar heat utilization device absorbs solar energy, heats circulating water to 90-100 ℃ and stores the circulating water in the heat storage water tank 4b of the solar heat utilization device, and then hot water stored in the heat storage water tank 4b of the solar heat utilization device is introduced into the heater 7c of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with the heating device, so that the high-efficiency operation of the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 7 is ensured. Then, the mixed gas of oxygen and argon is separated under the action of a fluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane in the liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator 7, and the separated oxygen is discharged from an outlet 7a and enters an oxygen tank 11 through an oxygen compression pump 10 for storage; argon discharged from an outlet 7b at the upper end of the liquid permselective membrane gas separator with the heating device returns to an argon tank 9 after passing through an argon compression pump 8.

The molecular sieve membrane of the molecular membrane type gas separator 6 has strong hygroscopicity, and in order to avoid influencing the separation performance of the membrane, a drying device is used for drying water vapor and water vapor in gas before mixed gas is introduced into the separator.

The molecular membrane type gas separator 6 may be a molecular sieve membrane having a good separation performance for hydrogen, such as an SOD molecular sieve membrane.

The drying device can adopt drying agents such as calcium oxide, anhydrous calcium chloride and the like.

The solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system capable of safely separating hydrogen is characterized in that an argon inlet of a photocatalytic hydrogen production reactor 3 is connected with an inlet of an argon tank 9 through a pipeline and a valve, a large amount of argon is directly doped into a hydrogen and oxygen mixed gas, the concentration of the hydrogen is reduced to be below 4%, hydrogen explosion is effectively prevented in the following heating and separation processes, and the safety of the system is improved.

A solar photocatalytic hydrogen production system for safely separating hydrogen is characterized in that a solar heat utilization device 4 is connected with a heater 7c of a liquid selective permeable membrane type gas separator with a heating device through a pipeline and a valve, a perfluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane is heated, and the perfluorocarbon-based liquid permeable membrane is maintained at about 90 ℃ to keep good selectivity and permeability. The solar energy is fully utilized, high energy consumption equipment such as an electric heater is avoided, and the system efficiency is improved.

Finally, the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea; also, for those skilled in the art, variations can be made in the specific embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit of the invention. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.