Grouting connection structure of prestressed concrete pipe pile and steel pipe upright and construction method
阅读说明：本技术 预应力混凝土管桩与钢管立柱灌浆连接构造及施工方法 (Grouting connection structure of prestressed concrete pipe pile and steel pipe upright and construction method ) 是由 张永涛 郑和晖 王敏 肖林 代浩 李刚 巫兴发 彭成明 田飞 王江成 徐鑫 刘 于 2020-07-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种预应力混凝土管桩与钢管立柱灌浆连接构造及施工方法,包括预应力管桩以及同轴心套设在所述预应力管桩周向外侧的钢管立柱,所述预应力管桩与所述钢管立柱之间形成灌浆料区,所述灌浆料区的顶部设置有限位装置,底部设置有密封装置；所述预应力管桩与所述钢管立柱的相对应的侧壁上分别设置第一干涉结构和第二干涉结构；所述第一干涉结构包括,沿所述预应力管桩的高度方向连续等距设置的若干凹部和若干凸部；所述第二干涉结构包括,沿所述钢管立柱的高度方向等距间隔设置的若干突出构件；本发明通过在灌浆连接段设置钢键齿与混凝土键齿,提高了预应力管桩连接构造的承载力及经济性,可广泛应用于桩基连接技术领域。(The invention discloses a grouting connection structure and a construction method of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe upright post, wherein the grouting connection structure comprises the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe upright post coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the periphery of the prestressed pipe pile, a grouting material area is formed between the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe upright post, the top of the grouting material area is provided with a limiting device, and the bottom of the grouting material area is provided with a sealing device; the corresponding side walls of the prestressed pipe pile and the steel pipe upright post are respectively provided with a first interference structure and a second interference structure; the first interference structure comprises a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts which are continuously and equidistantly arranged along the height direction of the prestressed pipe pile; the second interference structure comprises a plurality of protruding components which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the steel pipe upright post; according to the invention, the steel key teeth and the concrete key teeth are arranged on the grouting connecting section, so that the bearing capacity and the economical efficiency of the prestressed pipe pile connecting structure are improved, and the prestressed pipe pile connecting structure can be widely applied to the technical field of pile foundation connection.)
1. A grouting connection structure for a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe upright comprises the prestressed pipe pile and the steel pipe upright coaxially sleeved on the circumferential outer side of an upper section of the prestressed pipe pile, and is characterized in that a grouting material area is formed between the prestressed pipe pile and the steel pipe upright, a limiting device is arranged at the top of the grouting material area, and a sealing device is arranged at the bottom of the grouting material area;
the corresponding side walls of the prestressed pipe pile and the steel pipe upright post are respectively provided with a first interference structure and a second interference structure;
the first interference structure comprises a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts which are continuously and equidistantly arranged along the height direction of the prestressed pipe pile;
the second interference structure comprises a plurality of protruding components which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the steel pipe upright post;
and the outer side wall of the steel pipe upright post is provided with a grouting hole and a slurry overflowing hole.
2. The grouting connection structure of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe column according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of concave portions and the plurality of convex portions are arranged in a staggered manner at equal intervals from top to bottom to form a flat tooth shape.
3. The grouting connection structure of the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a first reserved screw hole is formed in the outer side wall of the steel pipe column at a position corresponding to the horizontal position of the concave portion of the prestressed pipe pile, and a second reserved screw hole is formed in the concave portion at a position corresponding to the horizontal position of the side wall of the first reserved hole;
the expansion screw is inserted into the second reserved screw hole from the first reserved screw hole and provided with a rubber gasket.
4. The grouting connection structure of the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe column according to claim 1, wherein the sealing means comprises a rubber ring and a bolt pair;
the rubber ring comprises an outer arc part and a vertical part, the outer arc part is cylindrical, the diameter of the outer arc part is gradually increased from top to bottom, the outer arc part is sleeved on the circumferential outer side of the prestressed pipe pile, the upper part of the outer arc part is attached to the outer side wall of the prestressed pipe pile, the lower end of the outer arc part extends to form a straight cylindrical vertical part, and one surface, far away from the prestressed pipe pile, of the vertical part is attached to the inner side wall of the steel pipe stand column;
a plurality of connecting through holes are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the steel pipe upright post and the part, which is attached to the vertical part, of the circumferential side wall at equal intervals;
the bolt pair comprises a plurality of screw rods and a plurality of nuts, and the screw rods are equally divided into a plurality of screw holes which are connected with the connecting through holes in a corresponding mode and are fastened through the nuts.
5. The grouting connection structure of the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe upright post according to claim 1, wherein the limiting devices are a plurality of steel plates with first grooves at the lower parts, and are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the steel pipe upright post;
the top of prestressed pipe pile is provided with the end plate, be provided with on the end plate a plurality of with the arch of first recess looks adaptation, all the arch all is established a plurality of respectively the one-to-one card in the first recess.
6. The grouting connection structure of the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe column according to claim 1,
the grouting holes are arranged on the lower part sections of the steel pipe upright posts and are rectangular holes, and a fixed one-way sealing device is sleeved in the grouting holes; the one-way sealing device comprises a rectangular channel and a one-way card; the rectangle passageway laminating is fixed in the rectangle hole, one-way card upper end with the inboard roof swing joint of rectangle passageway, one-way card slant set up in the rectangle passageway, and slant direction orientation prestressing force tubular pile direction.
7. The grouting connection structure of the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe column according to claim 6,
the one-way sealing device further comprises a linkage rod and a turntable, one end of the linkage rod and the upper end of the one-way card are fixed and are movably connected to the side wall of the rectangular channel through a mounting block, and one end of the linkage rod, far away from the one-way card, is connected with the turntable; the side wall of the rectangular channel is provided with an arc-shaped groove with the length direction facing the unidirectional card, the rotary table can slide along the arc-shaped track of the arc-shaped groove, and a bayonet lock is arranged at the initial position of the arc-shaped groove and used for limiting the rotary table to move in the arc-shaped groove.
8. A construction method of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and steel pipe upright post grouting connection structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, mounting the prestressed pipe pile to a preset construction position;
fixing the limiting device at the upper end of the steel pipe upright post, and mounting the sealing device at the lower end of the steel pipe upright post;
step three, vertically hoisting and embedding the steel pipe upright in the step two at the outer side of the prestressed pipe pile;
step four, driving expansion screws into each reserved screw hole on the outer side of the steel pipe upright post and fixing;
and fifthly, pouring grouting materials from the grouting holes by using an external grouting mechanism, and curing the grouting materials after grouting is finished.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation connection, in particular to a grouting connection structure of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe upright and a construction method.
Background
With the increasing development of the country on the open sea, a large number of wharfs, airport runways, offshore wind turbines, oil platforms and the like under construction or proposed increase year by year, and the infrastructure construction is a serious difficulty in the construction of the open sea platform. The prestressed concrete pipe pile has the characteristics of high strength and high durability, can greatly reduce the self weight of the pile foundation, obviously prolong the service life of the pile foundation and has better adaptability in a severe service environment in open sea.
For an upper light platform adopting a steel structure, the reliable and quick connection technology of the upper light platform and a prestressed concrete pipe pile is a research direction which needs to be overcome urgently in the construction and application of a far-sea platform. In the prior art, the offshore wind power foundation is mostly connected by grouting, the connection between the steel pipe pile and the steel sleeve is realized by shear keys or adhesive force, and the grouting connection technology cannot be directly applied to the connection between the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe column because the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe pile have larger structural form difference.
The invention provides a connecting structure suitable for a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe upright column in Chinese patent CN 108867634A (a combined pile foundation structure suitable for coral reef geology and a construction method thereof). Because the prestressed concrete pipe pile is manufactured through centrifugation, the outer wall of the prestressed concrete pipe pile is usually compact and smooth, the bonding effect with grouting materials is poor, and under the cyclic reciprocating action of wave and wind load, the bonding force is difficult to guarantee and relative sliding occurs, so that damage occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grouting connection structure and a construction method for a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe upright post.
In order to achieve the purposes and other advantages, the invention provides a grouting connection structure and a construction method for a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe upright, wherein the grouting connection structure comprises the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe upright coaxially sleeved on the circumferential outer side of an upper section of the prestressed concrete pipe pile, a grouting material area is formed between the prestressed concrete pipe pile and the steel pipe upright, the top of the grouting material area is provided with a limiting device, and the bottom of the grouting material area is provided with a sealing device;
the corresponding side walls of the prestressed pipe pile and the steel pipe upright post are respectively provided with a first interference structure and a second interference structure;
the first interference structure comprises a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts which are continuously arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the prestressed pipe pile;
the second interference structure comprises a plurality of protruding components which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the steel pipe upright post;
and the outer side wall of the steel pipe upright post is provided with a grouting hole and a slurry overflowing hole.
Preferably, the plurality of concave parts and the plurality of convex parts are arranged in a staggered manner at equal intervals from top to bottom to form a flat tooth shape.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the steel pipe upright post is provided with a first reserved screw hole corresponding to the horizontal position of the concave part of the prestressed pipe pile, and the concave part is provided with a second reserved screw hole corresponding to the horizontal side wall of the first reserved hole;
the expansion screw is inserted into the second reserved screw hole from the first reserved screw hole and provided with a rubber gasket.
Preferably, the sealing device comprises a rubber ring and a bolt pair;
the rubber ring comprises an outer arc part and a vertical part, the outer arc part is cylindrical, the diameter of the outer arc part is gradually increased from top to bottom, the outer arc part is sleeved on the circumferential outer side of the prestressed pipe pile, the upper part of the outer arc part is attached to the outer side wall of the prestressed pipe pile, the lower end of the outer arc part extends to form a straight cylindrical vertical part, and one surface, far away from the prestressed pipe pile, of the vertical part is attached to the inner side wall of the steel pipe stand column;
a plurality of connecting through holes are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the steel pipe upright post and the part, which is attached to the vertical part, of the circumferential side wall at equal intervals;
the bolt pair comprises a plurality of screw rods and a plurality of nuts, and the screw rods are equally divided into a plurality of screw holes which are connected with the connecting through holes in a corresponding mode and are fastened through the nuts.
Preferably, the limiting devices are a plurality of steel plates with first grooves at the lower parts, and the steel plates are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the steel pipe upright post;
the top of prestressed pipe pile is provided with the end plate, be provided with on the end plate a plurality of with the arch of first recess looks adaptation, all the arch all is established a plurality of respectively the one-to-one card in the first recess.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
the grouting holes are arranged on the lower part sections of the steel pipe upright posts and are rectangular holes, and a fixed one-way sealing device is sleeved in the grouting holes; the one-way sealing device comprises a rectangular channel and a one-way card; the rectangle passageway laminating is fixed in the rectangle downthehole, one-way card upper end with the inboard roof swing joint of rectangle passageway, one-way card slant set up in the rectangle passageway, and slant direction orientation prestressing force tubular pile direction.
It is preferable that the first and second liquid crystal layers are formed of,
the one-way sealing device also comprises a linkage rod and a turntable, one end of the linkage rod and the upper end of the one-way card are fixed and movably connected with the side wall of the rectangular channel through a mounting block, one end of the linkage rod far away from the one-way card is connected with the turntable,
the side wall of the rectangular channel is provided with an arc-shaped groove with the length direction facing the unidirectional card, the rotary table can slide along the arc-shaped track of the arc-shaped groove, and a bayonet lock is arranged at the initial position of the arc-shaped groove and used for limiting the rotary table to move in the arc-shaped groove.
A construction method of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and steel pipe upright post grouting connection structure comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting the prestressed pipe pile to a preset construction position;
fixing the limiting device at the upper end of the steel pipe upright post, and installing a sealing device at the lower end of the steel pipe upright post;
step three, vertically hoisting and embedding the steel pipe upright in the step two at the outer side of the prestressed pipe pile;
step four, driving expansion screws into each reserved screw hole on the outer side of the steel pipe upright post and fixing;
and fifthly, pouring grouting materials from the grouting holes by using an external grouting mechanism, and curing the grouting materials after grouting is finished.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1) the steel key teeth and the concrete key teeth are mixed for use, the design of the connecting structure is greatly simplified, a force transmission path is clearer, the manufacturing and the installation are more convenient, and the connecting stability of the prestressed pipe pile and the steel pipe column is greatly enhanced.
2) Original production device, equipment, prefabricated template etc. can continue to use, only need carry out local transformation to original prefabricated template and can come into operation, can reduce disposable input.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the limiting device and the end plate;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the one-way sealing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a movable bayonet;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the movable bayonet after actuation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the sealing device;
the specification reference numbers indicate: 1. the device comprises a limiting device, 2, end plates, 3, prestressed pipe piles, 4, a sealing device, 5, steel pipe columns, 6, grout overflow holes, 7, reserved screw holes, 8, grouting materials, 9, steel key teeth, 10, grouting holes, 11, rectangular channels, 12, one-way clamping pieces, 13, arc-shaped grooves, 14, one-way sealing devices, 15, bulges, 16, first grooves, 17, linkage rods, 18, a rotary table, 19 and movable clamping pins;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the invention provides a grouting connection structure of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and a steel pipe column, which comprises a prestressed pipe pile 3 and a steel pipe column 5 coaxially sleeved on the circumferential outer side of an upper section of the prestressed pipe pile 3, wherein a grouting material area is formed between the prestressed pipe pile 3 and the steel pipe column 5, the top of the grouting material area is provided with a limiting device 1, and the bottom of the grouting material area is provided with a sealing device 4;
the corresponding side walls of the prestressed pipe pile 3 and the steel pipe upright post 5 are respectively provided with a first interference structure and a second interference structure;
the first interference structure comprises a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts which are continuously and equidistantly arranged along the height direction of the prestressed tubular pile 3;
the second interference structure comprises a plurality of protruding components which are arranged at equal intervals along the height direction of the steel pipe upright post 5;
and the outer side wall of the steel pipe upright post 5 is provided with a grouting hole 10 and a grout overflow hole 6.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, stop device 1 at grout district top can fix steel pipe stand 5, prevents that steel pipe stand 5 squints from top to bottom. Sealing device 4 of bottom is used for preventing that grout material 8 from flowing from the bottom, improves grout material 8's utilization ratio on the one hand, and on the other hand lets grout material 8 condense more closely knit, improves grout material 8's performance. The convex part and the concave part that the structure set up are interfered to the first structure of interfering and the outstanding component that the structure set up is interfered to the second strengthens grouting material 8 and 3 and grouting material 8 and the connection stability that steel pipe stand 5 even respectively, make whole joint construction more firm, avoided fine and close smooth prestressed concrete pipe pile outer wall because the bonding effect with grouting material 8 is poor, under wave, wind load's circulation reciprocating action, the bonding force is difficult to reach the guarantee and takes place relative slip, and then take place the risk of destruction. The grouting holes 10 are used for grouting 8 during construction, the grout overflow holes 6 are used for determining the injection depth of the grouting 8, and excessive grouting 8 can overflow from the grout overflow holes 6.
In another technical scheme, the plurality of concave parts and the plurality of convex parts are arranged in a staggered manner at equal intervals from top to bottom to form a flat tooth shape.
In the technical scheme, the convex parts and the concave parts are staggered to form the flat-toothed soil key teeth, so that the section of the concrete key teeth is trapezoidal, the demolding can be facilitated, and the concrete of the pipe pile in the soil key tooth area and the grouting material 8 are compact and uniform. The protruding component can be steel key teeth 9, the ratio of the width of the convex part and the concave part of the concrete key teeth can be set to be close to the ratio of the shear strength of the grouting material 8 and the concrete material of the prestressed concrete tubular pile, so that the two parts on the joint surface of the grouting material 8 and the prestressed concrete tubular pile have the substantially equal shear bearing capacity, the utilization efficiency of the material is exerted to the maximum extent, the height of the concrete key teeth does not exceed the thickness of the protective layer of the prestressed tubular pile 3, the local exposure of spiral reinforcements or prestressed steel bundles in the prestressed concrete tubular pile and the prefabrication difficulty caused by the position conflict among the parts are avoided, the distance of the steel key teeth 9 is consistent with the distance of the concrete key teeth, the uniform oblique compression short column is convenient to form, and the structure has higher limit bearing capacity.
In another technical scheme, the outer side wall of the steel pipe upright post 5 is provided with a first reserved screw hole corresponding to the horizontal position of the concave part of the prestressed pipe pile 3, and the concave part is provided with a second reserved screw hole corresponding to the side wall of the first reserved hole;
the expansion screw is inserted into the second reserved screw hole from the first reserved screw hole and provided with a rubber gasket.
In the above technical scheme, set up the inflation screw before the construction and can play the effect of temporary fixation to steel pipe stand 5, owing to there is the rubber gasket can prevent that grout material 8 from spilling from the gap of reserving the screw during the construction, and the back is accomplished in the construction, and the inflation screw is stayed grout material 8, can strengthen steel pipe stand 5 and prestressed pipe pile 3's joint strength.
In another technical scheme, the sealing device 4 comprises a rubber ring and a bolt pair;
the rubber ring comprises an outer arc part and a vertical part, the outer arc part is cylindrical, the diameter of the outer arc part is gradually increased from top to bottom, the outer arc part is sleeved on the circumferential outer side of the prestressed tubular pile 3, the upper part of the outer arc part is attached to the outer side wall of the prestressed tubular pile 3, the lower end of the outer arc part extends to form the vertical part in a straight cylinder shape, and one surface, far away from the prestressed tubular pile 3, of the vertical part is attached to the inner side wall of the steel pipe upright 5;
a plurality of connecting through holes are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the steel pipe upright post 5 and the part, which is attached to the vertical part, of the circumferential side wall at equal intervals;
the bolt pair comprises a plurality of screw rods and a plurality of nuts, and the screw rods are equally divided into a plurality of screw holes which are connected with the connecting through holes in a corresponding mode and are fastened through the nuts.
In above-mentioned technical scheme, 8 in-process laminating prestressed pipe piles 3's lateral wall rubber circle outer arc portion of grout material receives 8 deadweight effects of grout material, forms the extrusion force with 3 contact surfaces of prestressed pipe pile to realize the sealed of grout space bottom.
In another technical scheme, the limiting devices 1 are a plurality of steel plates with first grooves 16 at the lower parts, and are circumferentially distributed on the inner wall of the steel pipe upright post 5;
wherein, the top of prestressing force tubular pile 3 is provided with end plate 2, be provided with on end plate 2 a plurality of with the arch 15 of 16 looks adaptations of first recess, all arch 15 all is established a plurality of respectively the one-to-one card in the first recess 16.
In the above technical scheme, the end plate 2 with the groove and the limiting device 1 not only limit the vertical displacement of the steel tube upright post 5 with the limiting device 1 but also limit the left and right movement of the steel tube upright post 5 through the interaction of the protrusion and the first groove 16, thereby greatly enhancing the connection stability of the steel tube upright post 5 and the prestressed tubular pile 3.
In another technical solution, the first and second parts are provided with a plurality of grooves,
the grouting holes 10 are arranged on the lower part sections of the steel pipe upright posts 5 and are rectangular holes, and fixed one-way sealing devices 14 are sleeved in the grouting holes; the one-way sealing device 14 comprises a rectangular channel 11 and a one-way card 12; the laminating of rectangle passageway 11 is fixed in the rectangle hole, one-way card 12 upper end with the inboard roof swing joint of rectangle passageway 11, one-way card 12 slant set up in the rectangle passageway 11, and slant direction orientation 3 directions of prestressing force tubular pile.
In the technical scheme, as the grouting material 8 is injected from the grouting hole at the bottom of the steel pipe upright post 5 during construction, the pressure of the grouting material 8 on the grouting hole is larger along with the increase of the grouting material 8, and part of the grouting material 8 can leak out from the gap of the grouting hole; the one-way sealing device 14 is arranged, so that the grouting material 8 can only be injected from the grouting hole, the unnecessary waste of the grouting material 8 is reduced, and the construction quality is optimized; the rectangular channel 11 of the one-way sealing device 14 is filled with the grouting material 8, the one-way card 12 can only be opened along the flowing direction of the grouting material 8, and if the grouting material 8 runs in the reverse direction, the one-way card 12 can be tightly sealed under the pressure of the grouting material 8.
In another technical solution, the first and second parts are provided with a plurality of grooves,
unidirectional sealing device 14 still includes gangbar 17 and
In the above technical solution, the unidirectional card 12 and the linkage rod 17 are fixed to maintain a fixed angle, and the rotation of the
The one-way sealing device 14 is made of zinc and is welded with the steel pipe upright post 5; because the metal of zinc has strong activity with steel, the zinc can be corroded firstly when the structure is outdoors, the service life of the steel pipe upright post 5 can be greatly prolonged, and the structure can be kept stable for a long time.
A construction method of a prestressed concrete pipe pile and steel pipe upright post grouting connection structure comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting the prestressed pipe pile 3 to a preset construction position;
fixing the limiting device 1 at the upper end of the steel pipe upright post 5, and installing a sealing device 4 at the lower end of the steel pipe upright post 5;
step three, vertically hoisting and embedding the steel pipe upright post 5 in the step two at the outer side of the prestressed pipe pile 3;
step four, driving expansion screws into each reserved screw hole 7 on the outer side of the steel pipe upright post 5 and fixing;
and fifthly, pouring the grouting material 8 from the grouting hole by using an external grouting mechanism, and curing the grouting material 8 after grouting is finished.
The grouting material 8 adopts high-strength grouting material, has the characteristics of large fluidity, no shrinkage, high strength, high fatigue resistance and the like, and has the 28d cubic compressive strength of more than 120MPa, the breaking strength of more than 22MPa and the elastic modulus of more than 45 MPa.
The inner wall of a prefabricated template of the traditional prestressed tubular pile 3 is slightly modified to produce the prestressed tubular pile 3 with the concrete key teeth, the modification mode is that a steel ring with the same cross section as that of the concave part of the prestressed tubular pile 3 is welded in the inner wall of the prefabricated template, the position of the steel ring corresponds to that of the concave part, so that the original production device, equipment, the prefabricated template and the like can be continuously used, the original prefabricated template can be put into use only by locally modifying the original prefabricated template, and the disposable investment can be reduced.
It is to be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials, if not otherwise specified, are commercially available; in the description of the present invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
- 上一篇：一种医用注射器针头装配设备
- 下一篇：一种桩中桩断桩接桩施工方法