阅读说明：本技术 利用相变储能技术且可自动追踪阳光的太阳能集热器系统 (Solar heat collector system capable of automatically tracking sunlight by utilizing phase change energy storage technology ) 是由 冯国会 张磊 黄凯良 李旭林 常莎莎 于 2020-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了利用相变储能技术且可自动追踪阳光的太阳能集热器系统,其相变储能水箱内设置有循环泵,相变储能水箱上设置有旋转底盘,旋转底盘内部是由自动控制装置控制的转动轴,所述旋转底盘上设置有底板,底板与旋转底盘固定在一起,底板上一侧两角均设置有固定转动轴承,固定转动轴承与真空管支撑板锁死,底板上有可伸缩的自动升降装置,自动升降装置与滑动板用螺丝固定,底板另一侧两角上有折叠固定杆,底板上还设置有蓄电池,所述固定转动轴承、滑动板和折叠固定杆上设置有真空管支撑板,真空管支撑板上设置有真空管集热器。本发明能够实时校准最强光处,短时间内可储存大量热,能够高效、稳定、连续的提供热水。(The invention discloses a solar heat collector system which utilizes a phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight, wherein a circulating pump is arranged in a phase change energy storage water tank, a rotating chassis is arranged on the phase change energy storage water tank, a rotating shaft controlled by an automatic control device is arranged in the rotating chassis, a bottom plate is arranged on the rotating chassis, the bottom plate and the rotating chassis are fixed together, fixed rotating bearings are arranged at two corners on one side of the bottom plate, the fixed rotating bearings are locked with vacuum tube supporting plates, a telescopic automatic lifting device is arranged on the bottom plate, the automatic lifting device and a sliding plate are fixed by screws, folding fixed rods are arranged at two corners on the other side of the bottom plate, a storage battery is also arranged on the bottom plate, vacuum tube supporting plates are arranged on the fixed rotating bearings, the sliding. The invention can calibrate the strongest light position in real time, can store a large amount of heat in a short time, and can efficiently, stably and continuously provide hot water.)

1. A solar heat collector system which utilizes a phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight is characterized by comprising a shock pad (1), a phase change energy storage water tank (2), a bottom plate (3), an automatic lifting device (4), a rotating chassis (5), a vacuum tube heat collector (6), a fixed rotating bearing (7), a vacuum tube supporting plate (8), a sliding plate (9), a folding fixed rod (10), a circulating pump (11), a storage battery (13) and an automatic control device (18), wherein the phase change energy storage water tank (2) is arranged on the shock pad (1), the circulating pump (11) is arranged in the phase change energy storage water tank (2), the inlet of the phase change energy storage water tank (2) is connected with the outlet of the vacuum tube heat collector (6), the outlet of the phase change energy storage water tank (2) is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump (11), the outlet, a rotary chassis (5) is arranged on the phase-change energy-storage water tank (2), a rotating shaft controlled by an automatic control device (18) is arranged in the rotary chassis (5), a bottom plate (3) is arranged on the rotary chassis (5), the bottom plate (3) is fixed with the rotary chassis, fixed rotary bearings (7) are arranged at two corners of one side of the bottom plate (3), the fixed rotary bearings (7) are locked with vacuum tube supporting plates (8), a telescopic automatic lifting device (4) is arranged on the bottom plate (3) and is divided into three sections, the diameters of the automatic lifting device and the sliding plate are reduced in sequence, the automatic lifting device (4) is fixed with screws with the sliding plate (9), folding fixing rods (10) are arranged at two corners of the other side of the bottom plate, a storage battery (13) is also arranged on the bottom plate (3), and the vacuum tube supporting plates (8) are arranged on the fixed rotary bearings (7, each vacuum tube is fixed by a vacuum tube support plate (8), and a vacuum tube heat collector (6) consisting of a plurality of vacuum tubes is arranged on the vacuum tube support plate (8).

2. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, wherein the evacuated tube collector (6) has two ports, an inlet of the evacuated tube collector (6) is connected with an outlet of the circulating pump (11) through a telescopic high temperature resistant rubber hose (12), and an outlet of the evacuated tube collector (6) is connected with the phase change energy storage water tank (2) through the telescopic high temperature resistant rubber hose (12).

3. The solar heat collector system utilizing the phase-change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the phase-change energy storage water tank (2) and is made of stainless steel.

4. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, wherein the shock pad (1) is provided with a generator (16) for generating electricity by the excess heat and storing the electricity into the storage battery (13).

5. The solar collector system utilizing the phase-change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom plate (3) below the vacuum tube of the evacuated tube collector (6) is an uneven plane, and a light sensor (14) is arranged below the vacuum tube.

6. Solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of tracking sunlight automatically according to claim 1, characterized in that inside the phase change energy storage water tank (2) is phase change energy storage material (15), and the phase change energy storage material (15) is paraffin.

7. The solar collector system utilizing the phase-change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight as claimed in claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor (17) is further arranged in the phase-change energy storage water tank (2) and used for detecting real-time temperature and feeding back the real-time temperature to the automatic control system (18).

8. The solar collector system utilizing the phase-change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight according to claim 1, wherein a fixed sliding groove is arranged below the vacuum tube supporting plate (8), the sliding plate (9) moves along with the automatic lifting shaft in the sliding groove, and the sliding plate (9) and the automatic lifting device (4) are of an integrated structure.

9. The solar collector system using phase change energy storage technology and capable of automatically tracking sunlight as claimed in claim 1, wherein the folding fixing rod (10) is a three-section folding rod.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar water heaters, in particular to a solar heat collector system which utilizes a phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight.

Background

China's solar energy resources occupy a very large proportion, but the solar radiation energy density reaching the earth surface is low. The film has the characteristics of thinness, discontinuity, instability and the like under the restriction of factors such as geography, season, day and night, weather change and the like. The use of hot water often presents temporal and spatial mismatches between supply and demand. The phase change energy storage technology can solve the contradiction that the energy supply and demand are not matched in time and space.

The solar heat collectors in the general market are all installed at a fixed angle, and the heat collecting efficiency is not good. The solar water heater at the present stage has many defects, low cost performance and troublesome installation process. In the case where the sun is not visible for several days, high electricity charges are consumed by electric heating, and the heating speed is slow. Even though some patents realize similar automatic control, the feasibility and practicability are not high, and because sunlight gradually changes along with time, the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection plate cannot be always at the maximum value, and each inch of heat collector can efficiently operate in order to respond to the call of national energy conservation and environmental protection. Therefore, a solar heat collector capable of lifting and rotating and storing energy is needed to deal with various complicated weathers.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a solar heat collector system which utilizes a phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight, is simple and convenient to install, and is green and energy-saving. The maximum light position can be calibrated in real time, a large amount of heat can be stored in a short time, redundant heat can be stored in the phase change material, and hot water can be efficiently, stably and continuously supplied.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a solar heat collector system which utilizes the phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight comprises a shock pad, a phase change energy storage water tank, a bottom plate, an automatic lifting device, a rotating chassis, a vacuum tube heat collector, a fixed rotating bearing, a vacuum tube supporting plate, a sliding plate, a folding fixed rod, a circulating pump, a storage battery and an automatic control device, wherein the shock pad is provided with the phase change energy storage water tank, the phase change energy storage water tank is internally provided with the circulating pump, the inlet of the phase change energy storage water tank is connected with the outlet of the vacuum tube heat collector, the outlet of the circulating pump is connected with the inlet of the vacuum tube heat collector, the phase change energy storage water tank is provided with the rotating chassis, the rotating chassis is internally provided with a rotating shaft controlled by the automatic control device, the rotating chassis is provided with the bottom, the fixed rolling bearing is locked with the vacuum tube supporting plate, the bottom plate is provided with a telescopic automatic lifting device which is divided into three sections, the diameter of the automatic lifting device is reduced in sequence, the automatic lifting device and the sliding plate are fixed through screws, the two corners of the other side of the bottom plate are provided with folding fixed rods, the bottom plate is also provided with a storage battery, the fixed rolling bearing, the sliding plate and the folding fixed rods are provided with the vacuum tube supporting plate, each vacuum tube is fixed by the vacuum tube supporting plate, and a vacuum tube heat collector consisting of a plurality of vacuum tubes is arranged on the.

Furthermore, the vacuum tube heat collector is provided with two ports, the inlet of the vacuum tube heat collector is connected with the outlet of the circulating pump through a telescopic high-temperature resistant rubber hose, and the outlet of the vacuum tube heat collector is connected with the phase change energy storage water tank through a telescopic high-temperature resistant rubber hose.

Furthermore, a heat-insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the phase change energy storage water tank and is made of stainless steel materials.

Furthermore, a generator is arranged on the shockproof pad, and power is generated through surplus heat and stored in a storage battery.

Furthermore, a bottom plate below the vacuum tube of the vacuum tube heat collector is an uneven plane, and a light sensor is arranged below the vacuum tube.

Furthermore, the phase-change energy storage material is arranged inside the phase-change energy storage water tank and is paraffin.

Furthermore, a temperature sensor is also arranged in the phase change energy storage water tank and used for detecting real-time temperature and feeding back to the automatic control system.

Furthermore, a fixed sliding chute is arranged below the vacuum tube supporting plate, a sliding plate moves along with the automatic lifting shaft in the sliding chute, and the sliding plate and the automatic lifting device are of an integrated structure and are fixedly installed.

Furthermore, the folding fixing rod is a three-section folding rod.

Furthermore, a weather forecast system is added based on a PID controller and is assisted by a generalized predictive control algorithm, and the real-time trend of weather change can be predicted, so that the stability of the sunlight system can be better controlled and automatically tracked.

The device is assembled in sub-modules, the modules are sequentially installed from bottom to top, the installation is simple, the efficiency is high, the stability is high, an external power supply is not needed, and the storage battery is in a full-charge state when the device is used for the first time. The rotating chassis is electrically driven in the battery and rotates with the fixed rotating bearing. Each pipe section of the vacuum pipe heat collector is fixedly arranged on a vacuum pipe supporting plate, and the light-facing surface of the vacuum pipe supporting plate is a rough surface which can reflect most of sunlight so as to promote high-efficiency heat collection; the back of the vacuum tube supporting plate is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding plate to move so as to change the angle of the heat collecting plate. The vacuum tube heat collector adopts a mode of different forms of downward inlet and upward outlet, a telescopic high-temperature resistant rubber hose is respectively arranged at the lower inlet and the upper outlet, and the lower inlet is assisted with a circulating pump to adjust the running flow.

The paraffin is directly converted from solid to liquid to absorb latent heat and release phase change heat in the reverse process. When the water temperature of the water heater is higher than 53 ℃, the phase change heat storage material starts to melt, heat energy with the water temperature higher than 53 ℃ is stored, when the water temperature of the water heater is lower than 53 ℃, the phase change heat storage material starts to crystallize, the stored heat is released, and the water temperature of the water heater is controlled within a set range all the time, so that people can conveniently use water for life.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the solar heat collector combines a phase change energy storage technology and an automatic control sunlight tracking technology, can complete all tasks in the shortest time, and provides stable hot water. The solar heat collector can be used for dealing with various sudden weather conditions, and the solar heat collector can be saturated as soon as possible when the sunshine is unstable in one day.

2. The phase change energy storage technology is utilized to store heat, so that stable, efficient and continuous hot water supply can be realized under different weather conditions.

3. The solar heat collection system utilizes the surplus heat to produce electric energy, so that the circulating pump always runs, and the aim of zero energy consumption and no pollution can be achieved by one circulation.

Drawings

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the splicing of the unit modules of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the initial state of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a solar collector of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the solar collector of the present invention automatically lifting and rotating to a certain angle;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the solar collector of the present invention automatically lifting and rotating right to a certain angle;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the solar collector of the present invention rising to 36 degrees;

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a solar collector system of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the phase change energy storage water tank of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the automatic control system of the present invention;

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: a solar heat collector system which utilizes a phase change energy storage technology and can automatically track sunlight comprises a shock pad 1, a phase change energy storage water tank 2, a bottom plate 3, an automatic lifting device 4, a rotary chassis 5, a vacuum tube heat collector 6, a fixed rotary bearing 7, a vacuum tube supporting plate 8, a sliding plate 9, a folding fixed rod 10, a circulating pump 11, a storage battery 13 and an automatic control device 18, wherein the shock pad 1 is provided with the phase change energy storage water tank 2, the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is internally provided with the circulating pump 11, the inlet of the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is connected with the outlet of the vacuum tube heat collector 6, the outlet of the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump 11, the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is provided with the rotary chassis 5, the inside of the rotary chassis 5 is a rotating shaft, the bottom plate plays a supporting role, is fixed with the rotating chassis and rotates along with the rotating chassis, two corners on one side of the bottom plate 3 are respectively provided with a fixed rotating bearing 7, the fixed rotating bearings 7 are locked with the vacuum tube supporting plate 8, rotates by taking a fixed rotating shaft as a center, a telescopic automatic lifting device 4 is arranged on a bottom plate 3 and is divided into three sections, the diameters of the automatic lifting device 4 and the sliding plate 9 are reduced in sequence, the automatic lifting device 4 and the sliding plate 9 are fixed by screws, folding fixing rods 10 are arranged on two corners of the other side of the bottom plate and operate along with the lifting of the automatic lifting device, a storage battery 13 is also arranged on the bottom plate 3, excessive heat is converted into electricity through a generator and stored in the storage battery, vacuum tube supporting plates 8 are arranged on the fixed rotating bearing 7, the sliding plate 9 and the folding fixed rod 10, each vacuum tube is fixed by the vacuum tube supporting plates 8, and a vacuum tube heat collector 6 consisting of a plurality of vacuum tubes is arranged on the vacuum tube supporting plates 8.

It is worth noting that the vacuum tube heat collector 6 is provided with two ports, the inlet of the vacuum tube heat collector 6 is connected with the outlet of the circulating pump 11 through the telescopic high temperature resistant rubber hose 12, and the outlet of the vacuum tube heat collector 6 is connected with the phase change energy storage water tank 2 through the telescopic high temperature resistant rubber hose 12.

It is worth noting that the outside of the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is provided with a heat insulation layer made of stainless steel.

It should be noted that the crash pad 1 is provided with a generator 16 for generating electricity by the surplus heat and storing the electricity in the battery 13.

It is worth noting that the bottom plate 3 below the vacuum tube of the vacuum tube heat collector 6 is an uneven plane, so that reflection is facilitated, more light falls on the back of the vacuum tube for measurement, and the effect of promoting efficient heating is achieved; the light sensor 14 is arranged below the vacuum tube, can sensitively sense the sunlight intensity and transmits the sunlight intensity to the automatic control device 18 (controller) in real time.

It is worth noting that the phase change energy storage material 15 is arranged inside the phase change energy storage water tank 2, and the phase change energy storage material 15 is paraffin. Paraffin is a common material for the phase change energy storage technology, the phase change point of the paraffin is 53-58 ℃, when the temperature is increased to 53 ℃, the phase change material automatically generates phase change to absorb heat, and when the temperature is lower than 53 ℃, the phase change material automatically generates phase change to provide heat.

It is worth noting that a temperature sensor 17 is further arranged in the phase change energy storage water tank 2, and the temperature sensor detects real-time temperature and feeds back to an automatic control system 18.

It is worth noting that a fixed sliding chute is arranged below the vacuum tube supporting plate 8, the sliding plate 9 moves along with the automatic lifting shaft in the sliding chute, and the sliding plate 9 and the automatic lifting device 4 are of an integrated structure and are fixedly installed.

In addition, the folding fixing rod 10 is a three-section folding rod.

Because weather has instability, the PID-based controller is added into a weather forecasting system and is assisted by a generalized predictive control algorithm, so that the real-time trend of weather change can be predicted, and the stability of a sunlight system can be better controlled and automatically tracked.

In normal weather, when sunlight appears, the light sensor 14 works firstly, analyzes the incident angle of the sunlight and transmits the incident angle of the sunlight to the automatic control system 18, the automatic control system 18 actuates the rotary chassis 5 to drag the heat collecting device to rotate to the incident position of the sunlight, and the lifting device 4 is actuated to enable the sliding plate 9 to move in the sliding groove below the vacuum tube supporting plate 8, so that the vacuum tube heat collector 6 automatically calibrates the sunlight and keeps a 90-degree vertical state. The sunlight changes in real time, and the automatic control system 18 controls the vacuum tube heat collector 6 to change in real time, so that the automatic tracking state is achieved. In the daytime, sunlight irradiates the vacuum tube heat collector 6, hot water in the vacuum tube heat collector 6 is continuously heated, and the water temperature is continuously increased; and when the testing temperature of the temperature sensor 17 in the solar water heater is lower than 35 ℃, the circulating pump is kept started. When the water temperature rises to 53 ℃, the phase change energy storage material 15 in the water tank starts to change phase, and heat is stored in the phase change material. When the phase-change material is completely stored, the surplus heat can be converted into electricity through the generator 16 to be stored in the storage battery 13 for the generator 16, the circulating pump 11 and the automatic lifting device 4 to use. Meanwhile, when the water temperature in the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is close to 80 ℃, the circulating pump 11 should run at a low speed, and when the storage battery 13 is in a slow full-power state and at 90 ℃, the circulating pump 11 stops running. The light facing surface of the vacuum tube supporting plate 8 is rough, and can reflect a large amount of sunlight to the backlight surface of the vacuum tube, so that the high-efficiency heat collection effect is achieved. When the sun goes down the hill, the automatic control system returns to the initial state.

In abnormal weather, when sunlight appears, the light sensor 14 firstly works, analyzes the incident angle of the sunlight and transmits the incident angle of the sunlight to the automatic control device 18, the automatic control device 18 actuates the rotary chassis 5 to drag the heat collecting device to rotate to the incident position of the sunlight, the lifting device 4 is actuated to enable the sliding plate 9 to move in the sliding groove below the vacuum tube supporting plate 8, and the sliding plate and the vacuum tube supporting plate are combined to enable the vacuum tube heat collector 6 to automatically calibrate the sunlight and keep a 90-degree vertical state. The sunlight changes in real time, and the automatic control device 18 controls the vacuum tube heat collector 6 to change in real time, so as to achieve the state of automatic tracking. Because of the early warning of weather forecast and the dynamic prediction of the generalized predictive control algorithm, the sunshine amount of the weather forecast is greatly reduced compared with the sunshine amount of the previous normal weather, and therefore the control system drives the circulating pump 11 to run at a high speed. The hot water in the vacuum tube heat collector 6 is continuously heated, so that the water temperature is continuously increased; when the testing temperature of the temperature sensor 17 in the solar water heater is lower than 35 ℃, the circulating pump 11 is kept on, and heating is continued. When the water temperature rises to 53 ℃, the phase change energy storage material 15 in the water tank starts to change phase, and heat is stored in the phase change material. When the phase-change material is completely stored, the surplus heat can be converted into electricity through the generator 16 to be stored in the storage battery 13 for the generator 16, the circulating pump 11 and the automatic lifting device 4 to use. Meanwhile, when the water temperature in the phase change energy storage water tank 2 is close to 80 ℃, the circulating pump 11 should run at a low speed, and when the storage battery 13 is in a full-power state and at 90 ℃, the circulating pump 11 stops running. When the sun goes down the hill, the automatic control system returns to the initial state.

The solar heat collector is vertical to sunlight by mainly utilizing a light sensor to track the sunlight in real time and lifting and rotating to a corresponding sun angle through an automatic control system, so that the solar heat collector is operated in full load; when the water temperature reaches a certain temperature, heat is provided for the phase change energy storage material; after phase change material all consumed, unnecessary heat will turn into the electricity storage in the battery, drives the generator, supplies circulating pump and automatic rising rotary device to use to solve traditional solar collector collection efficiency, supply and demand unbalance and the not enough inconvenient problem of hot water that leads to of sunshine volume.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.