阅读说明：本技术 无创呼吸机 (Noninvasive ventilator ) 是由 李小苗 *** 谢晶石 于 2018-05-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及医疗技术领域,尤其涉及一种无创呼吸机。本发明解决如何帮助无创通气患者排痰的技术问题。无创呼吸机包括吸气呼气支路、正压负压气源、传感器单元和控制单元,传感器单元监测用于判断患者是否需要排痰以及是否需停止排痰的生理数据,控制单元根据传感器单元监测的生理数据进行分析来判断患者是否需要排痰以及是否需停止排痰,在判断出患者需要排痰之后,控制正压气源和负压气源进行排痰操作,直至判断出患者需停止排痰时停止。(The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a noninvasive ventilator. The invention solves the technical problem of how to help a noninvasive ventilation patient to expel phlegm. The noninvasive ventilator comprises an inspiration and expiration branch, a positive pressure and negative pressure air source, a sensor unit and a control unit, the sensor unit monitors physiological data used for judging whether a patient needs sputum excretion and whether sputum excretion needs to be stopped, the control unit analyzes the physiological data monitored by the sensor unit to judge whether the patient needs sputum excretion and whether sputum excretion needs to be stopped, after the patient needs sputum excretion, the positive pressure air source and the negative pressure air source are controlled to perform sputum excretion operation, and the operation is stopped until the patient needs to be stopped to perform sputum excretion.)

1. The utility model provides a noninvasive ventilator, includes the branch road of breathing in and exhales the branch road, its characterized in that still includes:

the positive pressure gas source is arranged on the air suction branch;

the negative pressure air source is arranged on the expiration branch;

a sensor unit capable of monitoring physiological data for determining whether a patient needs sputum ejection and whether sputum ejection needs to be stopped;

the control unit is in communication connection with the positive pressure air source, the negative pressure air source and the sensor unit, and can analyze the physiological data monitored by the sensor unit to judge whether the patient needs to expectorate and stop expectoration, after the patient needs to expectorate, the control unit controls the positive pressure air source to apply positive pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient or fill positive pressure inspiratory tidal volume for expectoration to the lung of the patient when the patient is in the inspiration phase each time, and controls the negative pressure air source to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient when the patient is in the expiration phase each time until the positive pressure air source stops applying positive pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient when the patient is in the inspiration phase or fills positive pressure inspiratory tidal volume for expectoration to the lung of the patient when the patient is judged to stop expectoration, And stopping the negative pressure air source to apply a negative pressure ventilation pressure for sputum excretion to the airway of the patient when the patient is in an expiratory phase.

2. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 1, further comprising:

the atomization unit and/or the intra-pulmonary percussive unit are/is in communication connection with the control unit;

the sensor unit is capable of monitoring physiological data for obtaining oxygen saturation, airway resistance, lung compliance, and respiratory sounds of a patient;

the control unit can also analyze according to the physiological data monitored by the sensor unit to judge whether the patient needs to pre-expectorate and stop pre-expectorate, the control unit judges whether the patient needs to pre-expectorate after judging that the patient needs to pre-expectorate, and starts the atomizing unit and/or the intra-pulmonary percussive unit after judging that the patient needs to pre-expectorate until stopping the work of the atomizing unit and/or the intra-pulmonary percussive unit when judging that the patient needs to stop pre-expectorate and controls the positive pressure air source to apply positive pressure ventilation pressure for expectorate to the airway of the patient when the patient is in an inspiration phase each time or to fill positive pressure inspiratory tidal volume for expectorate to the lung of the patient and controls the negative pressure air source to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure for expectorate to the airway of the patient when the patient is in an expiration phase each time, the control unit directly executes the control of the positive pressure air source to apply positive pressure ventilation pressure for sputum excretion to the airway of the patient or fill positive pressure inspiration tidal volume for sputum excretion into the lung of the patient when the patient is in the inspiration phase each time after judging that the patient does not need to perform pre-sputum excretion, and controls the negative pressure air source to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure for sputum excretion to the airway of the patient when the patient is in the expiration phase each time.

3. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 1,

the control unit judges that the patient needs sputum excretion when any one of the following conditions is satisfied:

the oxygen saturation of the patient is reduced to a set value of the oxygen saturation for starting sputum excretion or a variable value of the oxygen saturation for starting the sputum excretion;

the airway resistance of the patient is greater than the set value of the airway resistance for starting sputum excretion when the airway resistance is higher than the normal level of the patient and is continuously greater than the set value of the airway resistance for starting sputum excretion when the airway resistance is higher than the normal level of the patient for a certain time;

the patient's pulmonary compliance is less than its normal level-the pulmonary compliance set point for sputum ejection is initiated-and has continued to be less than its normal level-the pulmonary compliance set point for sputum ejection is initiated-for a certain time;

the method comprises the steps of monitoring the wet luo-note, wherein the time proportion of the wet luo-note in a breathing cycle is larger than the set proportion of the wet luo-note for starting sputum excretion, the frequency of the wet luo-note appearing in different breathing cycles is larger than the set frequency of the wet luo-note for starting sputum excretion, and the size of the wet luo-note is larger than the set value of the wet luo-note for starting sputum excretion.

4. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 3,

the oxygen saturation setting value for starting sputum excretion can be preset by medical staff, can be an average value of oxygen saturation of a patient within a certain time period automatically calculated by a noninvasive ventilator, and can also be a value obtained by reducing a preset value on the basis of the average value of the oxygen saturation of the patient within a certain time period, wherein the preset value and the certain time period are set by the medical staff or preset in the noninvasive ventilator;

the oxygen saturation change value for starting sputum excretion is a value lower than the value at the beginning of monitoring the oxygen saturation of the patient, and is preset by medical staff;

the normal level of the airway resistance of the patient is an average value of the airway resistance of the patient in a certain time period, which is automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator;

the set value of the airway resistance for starting sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator;

the normal level of the lung compliance of the patient is an average value of the lung compliance of the patient in a certain time period, which is automatically calculated by a noninvasive ventilator;

the lung compliance set value for starting sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and is 5-30 ml/cmH₂And selecting the value of O.

5. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 2,

the control unit judges that the patient needs to eliminate phlegm in advance when the following conditions are met:

the method comprises the steps of monitoring the middle-damp/thin-damp compass sound, wherein the time proportion of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound in a respiratory cycle is larger than the set proportion of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound for starting pre-sputum excretion, the frequency of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound in different respiratory cycles is larger than the set frequency of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound for starting pre-sputum excretion, the size of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound is larger than the set value of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound for starting pre-sputum excretion, and when the thick-damp compass sound is not monitored, judging that a patient needs pre-sputum excretion.

6. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 5, wherein,

the preset ratio of the middle-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum excretion, the preset frequency of the middle-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum excretion, the preset value of the middle-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum excretion, the preset ratio of the fine-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum excretion, the preset frequency of the fine-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum excretion and the preset value of the fine-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum excretion are preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator.

7. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 2,

the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop pre-sputum excretion when any one of the following conditions is satisfied:

the oxygen saturation of the patient is less than a preset oxygen saturation value for stopping pre-expectoration, and the preset oxygen saturation value for stopping pre-expectoration is less than the preset oxygen saturation value for starting expectoration;

the airway resistance of the patient is increased by a preset increment of airway resistance for stopping pre-sputum excretion compared with the airway resistance when the patient is judged to need sputum excretion;

monitoring the coarse-wet rale, wherein the time proportion of the coarse-wet rale in the breathing cycle is larger than the set proportion of the coarse-wet rale for stopping pre-sputum excretion, the frequency of the coarse-wet rale appearing in different breathing cycles is larger than the set frequency of the coarse-wet rale for stopping pre-sputum excretion, and the size of the coarse-wet rale is larger than the set value of the coarse-wet rale for stopping pre-sputum excretion;

the control unit also judges that the patient needs to stop pre-sputum excretion when the following conditions are met:

the control unit sets an upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion, and when the duration time after the pre-sputum excretion is started exceeds the upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion, the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop pre-sputum excretion;

the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop sputum excretion when the following conditions are met:

the oxygen saturation of the patient is more than or equal to a set value of oxygen saturation for stopping sputum excretion, and the set value of oxygen saturation for stopping sputum excretion is more than the set value of oxygen saturation for starting sputum excretion; and is

The patient's airway resistance reaches its normal level; and is

The patient's pulmonary compliance reaches its normal level; and is

The method comprises the following steps that no wet rale is monitored, or the proportion of the wet rale in a breathing cycle is smaller than a set proportion of wet rale for stopping sputum excretion, or the frequency of the wet rale appearing in different breathing cycles is smaller than a set frequency of the wet rale for stopping sputum excretion, or the wet rale is smaller than a set value of the wet rale for stopping sputum excretion, wherein the set proportion of the wet rale for stopping sputum excretion is smaller than the set proportion of the wet rale for starting sputum excretion, the set frequency of the wet rale for stopping sputum excretion is smaller than the set frequency of the wet rale for starting sputum excretion, and the set value of the wet rale for stopping sputum excretion is smaller than the set value of the wet rale for starting sputum excretion.

8. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 7,

the set increment of the airway resistance for stopping pre-sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and the set increment of the airway resistance for stopping pre-sputum excretion is 20cmH₂O/L/min；

The coarse wet rale setting ratio for stopping pre-expectoration, the coarse wet rale setting frequency for stopping pre-expectoration and the coarse wet rale setting value for stopping pre-expectoration are preset by medical personnel or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the coarse wet rale setting ratio for stopping pre-expectoration is 20%, and the coarse wet rale setting frequency for stopping pre-expectoration is 60%;

the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-expectoration is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-expectoration is selected within 80-95% and is ensured to be smaller than the oxygen saturation set value for starting expectoration;

the set increment of the airway resistance for stopping pre-sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and the set increment of the airway resistance for stopping pre-sputum excretion is 20cmH₂O/L/min；

The coarse wet rale setting ratio for stopping pre-expectoration, the coarse wet rale setting frequency for stopping pre-expectoration and the coarse wet rale setting value for stopping pre-expectoration are preset by medical personnel or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the coarse wet rale setting ratio for stopping pre-expectoration is 20%, and the coarse wet rale setting frequency for stopping pre-expectoration is 60%;

the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-expectoration is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-expectoration is selected within 80-95% and is ensured to be smaller than the oxygen saturation set value for starting expectoration;

the upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion is set by medical staff or preset in the noninvasive ventilator, and the upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion is selected within 1-30 min;

the oxygen saturation set value for stopping sputum excretion is larger than the oxygen saturation set value for starting sputum excretion, the oxygen saturation set value for stopping sputum excretion can be preset by medical staff, and can also be an average value of oxygen saturation of a patient in a certain time period automatically calculated by a noninvasive ventilator, wherein the certain time period is preset by the medical staff or is preset in the noninvasive ventilator;

the normal level of the airway resistance of the patient refers to the average value of the airway resistance of the patient within a certain time period automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator, wherein the certain time period is preset by medical staff or preset in the noninvasive ventilator;

the normal level of the lung compliance of the patient refers to an average value of the lung compliance of the patient within a certain time period, which is automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator, wherein the certain time period is preset by medical staff or is preset in the noninvasive ventilator;

the preset proportion of the damp rale for stopping sputum excretion, the preset frequency of the damp rale for stopping sputum excretion and the preset value of the damp rale for stopping sputum excretion are preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the preset proportion of the damp rale for stopping sputum excretion is 5%, and the preset frequency of the damp rale for stopping sputum excretion can be 20%.

9. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 1, wherein the control unit further determines that the patient needs to stop sputum excretion when the following conditions are satisfied:

the control unit sets an upper limit value of the time for stopping sputum excretion, and when the duration time after the sputum excretion is started exceeds the upper limit value of the time for stopping the sputum excretion, the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop the sputum excretion;

the upper limit value of the time for stopping sputum excretion can be set by medical personnel or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and is selected from 30s-120 s;

the post-sputum ejection start duration refers to the total time of consecutive respiratory cycles for which sputum ejection operations are to begin.

10. The noninvasive ventilator of claim 1, wherein in the sputum excretion mode, the tidal volume during sputum excretion is 1.0 to 2.0 times of the tidal volume in the respiration mode, the inspiratory pressure during sputum excretion is 1.0 to 2.0 times of the inspiratory pressure in the respiration mode, and the inspiratory time during sputum excretion is 1 to 2 times of the inspiratory time in the respiration support mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a noninvasive ventilator.

Background

The medical positive pressure breathing machines can be roughly divided into two types, namely invasive breathing machines and noninvasive breathing machines. The invasive respirator needs to establish an artificial airway such as an oral or transnasal tracheal cannula, a tracheotomy tube and the like, and ventilate a patient through the artificial airway. Noninvasive ventilators typically use a mask to perform the function of mechanical ventilation. Compared with the invasive respirator, the noninvasive respirator has the advantages of convenient use, no wound, easy off-line and the like. Due to the invasive nature of invasive mechanical ventilation, the following disadvantages arise: patients are more likely to acquire Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP), and are more likely to lose physiological functions of the patients to form ventilator dependence; the need for medical personnel to provide higher levels of care; the normal physiological functions of the patients are damaged, and normal communication cannot be carried out, so that the living quality of the patients is seriously influenced; it also puts more economic stress on the patient's home.

However, the problem of sputum excretion for patients using noninvasive ventilators often results in patients having to use invasive ventilators instead. In particular, patients using invasive and noninvasive ventilators often have problems that the muscle strength of respiratory muscles is weak, effective coughing cannot be achieved, and airway cleaning cannot be performed by themselves. But when the patient adopts invasive breathing machine to ventilate, the nursing staff can complete the cleaning of the air flue by sucking phlegm through the artificial air flue. Compared with the prior art, when the noninvasive ventilator is used for noninvasive ventilation at present, no good auxiliary sputum excretion means exists, the sputum expectoration capability of a patient is mainly relied on clinically, and when the sputum expectoration capability is insufficient, the noninvasive ventilation is usually converted into invasive ventilation.

For patients who have undergone invasive ventilation, an important factor for whether the patients can successfully take off-line is whether the sputum excretion can be well completed after the patients take off-line. Therefore, when the patient switches from invasive ventilation to non-invasive ventilation, if the patient can be helped to better discharge phlegm, the probability of the patient getting rid of the sputum is greatly improved.

Currently, the auxiliary sputum excretion means that can be used during noninvasive ventilation includes manual back-clasping, sputum drainage and mechanical respiratory equipment (MIE). The back is buckled manually, sputum drainage can only play the role of loosening sputum and promoting the sputum to flow from the lung to the main airway, and the sputum is discharged out of the body or is required to be coughed according to the patient. Mechanical respiratory devices can in principle help the patient expectorate by applying a large positive pressure to the patient during the inspiratory phase to cause the patient to inhale deeply and then to switch rapidly to a negative pressure to cause the patient to generate a large expiratory flow to entrain the sputum. It is closer to the process of sputum excretion of normal people in principle, but has the following disadvantages: firstly, the judgment of medical staff is completely relied on when the sputum excretion is needed and stopped, and the workload of the medical staff is increased; secondly, when in sputum excretion, the patient needs to take off the respirator and change the respirator with MIE; thirdly, there is no connection between the ventilator and the parameter settings of the MIE, which is likely to cause barotrauma when the MIE is ventilated; fourth, the cough-simulating action can be completed simply, and the patient cannot be helped to loosen sputum before sputum excretion. Also for the above reasons, MIE has not yet become widely used clinically.

Therefore, how to help patients with noninvasive ventilation to discharge phlegm is a problem which needs to be solved urgently in clinic.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In order to solve the above problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a noninvasive ventilator.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:

the invention provides a noninvasive ventilator, which comprises an inspiration branch and an expiration branch, and also comprises: the positive pressure gas source is arranged on the air suction branch; the negative pressure air source is arranged on the expiration branch; the sensor unit can monitor physiological data for judging whether the patient needs to expectorate and whether sputum excretion needs to be stopped; the control unit is in communication connection with the positive pressure air source, the negative pressure air source and the sensor unit, and can analyze the physiological data monitored by the sensor unit to judge whether the patient needs to expectorate and whether the sputum excretion needs to stop, after the patient needs to expectorate is judged, the positive pressure air source is controlled to apply positive pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient or fill positive pressure inspiratory tidal volume for expectoration into the lung of the patient when the patient is in an inspiratory phase every time, the negative pressure air source is controlled to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient when the patient is in an expiratory phase every time, and the positive pressure air source is stopped to apply positive pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient or fill positive pressure inspiratory tidal volume for expectoration into the lung of the patient when the patient is in the inspiratory phase until the patient needs to stop expectoration, and the negative pressure air source is stopped to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure for expectoration to the airway of the patient when the patient is in the expiratory phase.

According to the invention, it also comprises: the atomization unit and/or the intra-pulmonary tapping unit are/is in communication connection with the control unit; the control unit can also analyze according to the physiological data monitored by the sensor unit to judge whether the patient needs to pre-expectorate and stop the pre-expectorate, the control unit judges whether the patient needs to pre-expectorate after judging that the patient needs to pre-expectorate, and starts the atomizing unit and/or the intra-pulmonary percussive unit after judging that the patient needs to pre-expectorate, the control unit stops the work of the atomizing unit and/or the intra-pulmonary percussive unit until judging that the patient needs to stop the pre-expectorate, and controls the positive pressure air source to apply positive pressure ventilation pressure for expectorate to the airway of the patient or apply positive pressure ventilation air volume for expectorate to the lung of the patient when the patient is in the inspiratory phase every time, and controls the negative pressure air source to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure for expectorate to the airway of the patient when the patient is in the expiratory phase every time, and directly controls the positive pressure air source to apply negative pressure ventilation pressure to the airway of the patient when the patient is in the inspiratory phase every time when the A positive pressure ventilation pressure for sputum ejection or a positive inspiratory tidal volume for sputum ejection for charging the lungs of the patient, and a negative pressure ventilation pressure for sputum ejection for applying to the airway of the patient by controlling the negative pressure source each time the patient is in the expiratory phase.

According to the present invention, the control unit determines that the patient needs sputum excretion when any one of the following conditions is satisfied: the oxygen saturation of the patient is reduced to a set value of the oxygen saturation for starting sputum excretion or a variable value of the oxygen saturation for starting the sputum excretion; the airway resistance of the patient is greater than the set value of the airway resistance for starting sputum excretion when the airway resistance is higher than the normal level of the patient and is continuously greater than the set value of the airway resistance for starting sputum excretion when the airway resistance is higher than the normal level of the patient for a certain time; the patient's pulmonary compliance is less than its normal level-the pulmonary compliance set point for sputum ejection is initiated-and has continued to be less than its normal level-the pulmonary compliance set point for sputum ejection is initiated-for a certain time; the method comprises the steps of monitoring the wet luo-note, wherein the time proportion of the wet luo-note in a breathing cycle is larger than the set proportion of the wet luo-note for starting sputum excretion, the frequency of the wet luo-note appearing in different breathing cycles is larger than the set frequency of the wet luo-note for starting sputum excretion, and the size of the wet luo-note is larger than the set value of the wet luo-note for starting sputum excretion.

According to the invention, the oxygen saturation set value for starting sputum excretion can be preset by medical personnel, can also be an average value of the oxygen saturation of a patient within a certain time period automatically calculated by a noninvasive ventilator, and can also be a value obtained by reducing a preset value on the basis of the average value of the oxygen saturation of the patient within a certain time period, wherein the preset value and the certain time period are set by the medical personnel or preset in the noninvasive ventilator; the oxygen saturation variation value for start-up sputum excretion is a value of oxygen saturation variation for start-up sputum excretion that is lower than the value at the time of starting monitoring of the oxygen saturation of the patient, the value of oxygen saturation variation for start-up sputum excretion being preset by the medical staff; the normal level of the airway resistance of the patient is an average value of the airway resistance of the patient in a certain time period, which is automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator; the set value of the airway resistance for starting the sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator; the normal level of the lung compliance of the patient is an average value of the lung compliance of the patient in a certain time period, which is automatically calculated by a noninvasive ventilator; the lung compliance setting value for starting sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and the lung compliance setting value for starting sputum excretion is 5-30 ml/cmH₂And selecting the value of O.

According to the invention, the control unit judges that the patient needs pre-sputum excretion when the following conditions are met: the method comprises the steps of monitoring the middle-damp/thin-damp compass sound, wherein the time proportion of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound in a respiratory cycle is larger than the set proportion of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound for starting pre-sputum excretion, the frequency of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound in different respiratory cycles is larger than the set frequency of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound for starting pre-sputum excretion, the size of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound is larger than the set value of the middle-damp compass sound/thin-damp compass sound for starting pre-sputum excretion, and when the thick-damp compass sound is not monitored, judging that a patient needs pre-sputum excretion.

According to the present invention, the preset ratio of the middle-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum ejection, the preset frequency of the middle-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum ejection, the preset value of the middle-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum ejection, the preset ratio of the fine-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum ejection, the preset frequency of the fine-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum ejection, and the preset value of the fine-humidity soft sounds for pre-sputum ejection are preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator.

According to the invention, the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop pre-sputum excretion when any one of the following conditions is satisfied: the oxygen saturation of the patient is less than a set value of oxygen saturation for stopping pre-expectoration, and the set value of oxygen saturation for stopping pre-expectoration is less than a set value of oxygen saturation for starting expectoration; the airway resistance of the patient is increased by a preset increment of airway resistance for stopping pre-sputum excretion compared with the airway resistance when the patient is judged to need sputum excretion; and monitoring the coarse-wet rale, wherein the time proportion of the coarse-wet rale in the breathing cycle is greater than the set proportion of the coarse-wet rale for stopping pre-sputum excretion, the frequency of the coarse-wet rale appearing in different breathing cycles is greater than the set frequency of the coarse-wet rale for stopping pre-sputum excretion, and the size of the coarse-wet rale is greater than the set value of the coarse-wet rale for stopping pre-sputum excretion.

According to the invention, the increment of airway resistance setting for stopping pre-sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and the increment of airway resistance setting for stopping pre-sputum excretion is 20cmH₂O/L/min; the rough-wet-type Roots for stopping pre-expectoration is set by the medical staff or in the noninvasive ventilatorThe internal preset is that the setting proportion of coarse wet Roots for stopping pre-expectoration is 20 percent, and the setting frequency of coarse wet Roots for stopping pre-expectoration is 60 percent; the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-sputum excretion is selected within 80-95% and is simultaneously ensured to be smaller than the oxygen saturation set value for starting sputum excretion; the increment of airway resistance setting for stopping pre-sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and the increment of airway resistance setting for stopping pre-sputum excretion is 20cmH₂O/L/min; the setting proportion of the rough wet sound for stopping pre-sputum excretion, the setting frequency of the rough wet sound for stopping pre-sputum excretion and the setting value of the rough wet sound for stopping pre-sputum excretion are preset by medical staff or in a noninvasive ventilator, the setting proportion of the rough wet sound for stopping pre-sputum excretion is 20 percent, and the setting frequency of the rough wet sound for stopping pre-sputum excretion is 60 percent; the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-sputum excretion is preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the oxygen saturation set value for stopping pre-sputum excretion is selected within 80-95% and is simultaneously ensured to be smaller than the oxygen saturation set value for starting sputum excretion; the upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion is set by medical personnel or preset in the noninvasive ventilator, and the upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion is selected within 1-30 min; the oxygen saturation set value for stopping sputum excretion is larger than the oxygen saturation set value for starting sputum excretion, the oxygen saturation set value for stopping sputum excretion can be preset by medical personnel, and can also be an average value of the oxygen saturation of the patient in a certain time period automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator, wherein the certain time period is preset by the medical personnel or is preset in the noninvasive ventilator; the normal level of the airway resistance of the patient refers to the average value of the airway resistance of the patient within a certain time period automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator, wherein the certain time period is preset by medical staff or preset in the noninvasive ventilator; the normal level of the lung compliance of the patient refers to the average value of the lung compliance of the patient within a certain time period which is automatically calculated by the noninvasive ventilator, and the certain time period is preset by medical staff or preset in the noninvasive ventilator; damp Luo Yin for stopping sputum excretion and Damp Luo for stopping sputum excretionThe sound setting frequency and the set value of the damp luo-sound for stopping sputum excretion are preset by medical staff or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, the setting proportion of the damp luo-sound for stopping sputum excretion is 5%, and the setting frequency of the damp luo-sound for stopping sputum excretion can be 20%.

According to the present invention, the control unit further determines that the patient needs to stop pre-sputum excretion when the following conditions are satisfied: the control unit sets an upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion, and when the duration time after the pre-sputum excretion is started exceeds the upper limit value of the time for stopping pre-sputum excretion, the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop pre-sputum excretion. According to the present invention, the control unit determines that the patient needs to stop sputum excretion when the following conditions are satisfied: the oxygen saturation of the patient is more than or equal to a set value of oxygen saturation for stopping sputum excretion, and the set value of oxygen saturation for stopping sputum excretion is more than a set value of oxygen saturation for starting sputum excretion; and the patient's airway resistance reaches its normal level; and the patient's pulmonary compliance reaches its normal level; and the damp luo is not monitored, or the proportion of the damp luo in the breathing cycle is smaller than the set proportion of the damp luo for stopping sputum excretion, or the frequency of the damp luo occurring in different breathing cycles is smaller than the set frequency of the damp luo for stopping sputum excretion, or the damp luo is smaller than the set value of the damp luo for stopping sputum excretion, wherein the set proportion of the damp luo for stopping sputum excretion is smaller than the set proportion of the damp luo for starting sputum excretion, the set frequency of the damp luo for stopping sputum excretion is smaller than the set frequency of the damp luo for starting sputum excretion, and the set value of the damp luo for stopping sputum excretion is smaller than the set value of the damp luo for starting sputum excretion.

According to the present invention, the control unit further determines that the patient needs to stop sputum excretion when the following conditions are satisfied: the control unit sets an upper limit value of the time for stopping sputum excretion, and when the duration time after the sputum excretion is started exceeds the upper limit value of the time for stopping the sputum excretion, the control unit judges that the patient needs to stop the sputum excretion. The upper limit value of the time for stopping sputum excretion can be set by medical personnel or preset in a noninvasive ventilator, and is selected from 30s-120 s; the post-sputum ejection duration is the total time of successive respiratory cycles for which sputum ejection operations are initiated.

According to the invention, in the sputum excretion mode, the tidal volume in the sputum excretion process is 1.0-2.0 times of the tidal volume in the respiration mode, the inspiration pressure in the sputum excretion process is 1.0-2.0 times of the inspiration pressure in the respiration mode, and the inspiration time in the sputum excretion process is 1-2 times of the inspiration time in the respiration support mode.

(III) advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the noninvasive ventilator of the invention solves the problem of helping a noninvasive ventilation patient to discharge phlegm. The solution to this problem not only improves the success rate of non-invasive ventilation and reduces the number of invasive ventilation, but also improves the success rate of switching from invasive ventilation to non-invasive ventilation for patients who have been intubated. Therefore, on one hand, the nursing level of the non-invasive ventilation patient can be improved to a great extent, the survival rate and the living quality of the patient are improved, and on the other hand, the waste of medical resources and the economic burden of the family of the patient can be reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an assisted sputum excretion method for a noninvasive ventilator provided in the following embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a noninvasive ventilator provided in the following second embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an assisted sputum excretion method for a noninvasive ventilator provided in the following third embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a noninvasive ventilator provided in the following fourth embodiment.

[ reference numerals ]

1: a patient interface circuit; 2: an air suction branch; 3: an expiratory limb; 4: a sensor unit; 5: a control unit; 6: a display and operation unit; 7: an atomizing unit; 8: an intra-pulmonary percussive unit.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.