Two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit, control method and application
阅读说明：本技术 一种两级伸缩式海洋平台液压抽油机、控制方法及应用 (Two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit, control method and application ) 是由 余焱群 綦耀光 黄小光 孙峰 冯德华 秦臻 于 2020-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于石油排采设备技术领域,公开了一种两级伸缩式海洋平台液压抽油机、控制方法及应用,两级伸缩液压缸焊接安装在抽油机支架上,两级伸缩液压缸内置拉线位移传感器,通过数据线和液压管线与控制终端相连；控制终端内安装有电控系统和液控系统,电控系统连接电控柜和液控系统,液控系统连接液压站和蓄能器。本发明抽油机结构紧促、占地面积小、质量轻,可实现长冲程、低冲次的要求,满足海洋平台空间和承载要求,可解决海洋平台有杆采油的关键设备需求问题,实现海上有杆采油的目的。很好的解决了海上有杆采油的关键设备(抽油机)配置问题,对推动海洋平台有杆采油技术的实施及海上稠油高效开采具有重要意义,并为海上边际油田节能降耗开采提供借鉴。(The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction equipment, and discloses a two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit, a control method and application, wherein two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders are welded and installed on a pumping unit bracket, and pull wire displacement sensors are arranged in the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders and are connected with a control terminal through data lines and hydraulic pipelines; an electric control system and a hydraulic control system are installed in the control terminal, the electric control system is connected with the electric control cabinet and the hydraulic control system, and the hydraulic control system is connected with the hydraulic station and the energy accumulator. The pumping unit has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area and light weight, can meet the requirements of long stroke and low stroke frequency, meets the space and bearing requirements of an ocean platform, can solve the problem of key equipment requirements of the ocean platform for rod oil production, and achieves the aim of offshore rod oil production. The method well solves the configuration problem of key equipment (pumping unit) for offshore rod oil production, has important significance for promoting the implementation of offshore platform rod oil production technology and the efficient exploitation of offshore heavy oil, and provides reference for the energy-saving and consumption-reducing exploitation of offshore marginal oil fields.)
1. The two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit is characterized in that the two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit is provided with two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders are welded and mounted on a pumping unit support, and the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders are connected with a control terminal through hydraulic pipelines and data lines;
and an electric control system and a hydraulic control system are installed in the control terminal, the electric control system is connected with an electric control cabinet and a hydraulic control system, and the hydraulic control system is connected with a hydraulic station and an energy accumulator.
2. The two-stage telescoping offshore platform hydraulic pump unit of claim 1, wherein the piston rod of the two-stage telescoping cylinder is connected to a polished rod connector by a flange bolt, the polished rod connector being connected to the sucker rod string.
3. The two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pump unit of claim 1, wherein the pump unit bracket is fixedly mounted on a pump unit mounting seat, and the pump unit mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the platform well head cover and skid plate assembly.
4. The two-stage telescoping offshore platform hydraulic pump unit of claim 1, wherein the wellhead cover and skid plate assembly is mounted on a platform wellhead beam.
5. The two-stage telescoping offshore platform hydraulic pump unit of claim 1, wherein the wellhead cover and skid plate assembly is bolted to the pump unit mount.
6. The two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit of claim 1, wherein an adjusting device is mounted between the pumping unit mounting base and the platform well head cover and skid plate assembly.
7. The two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit of claim 1, wherein the control terminal is in a container structure, and the container is arranged outside the platform well cover and the skid plate assembly.
8. The two-stage telescoping offshore platform hydraulic pump unit of claim 1, wherein the pump unit mount is located at a center point of the platform well head cover and skid plate assembly.
9. The control method of the two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control method of the two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit comprises the following steps: in the up stroke, high-pressure oil of a variable displacement pump and an energy accumulator in the hydraulic station enters a two-stage rod cavity of a hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, hydraulic oil in the two-stage rod-free cavity returns to an oil tank, so that two-stage pistons of the hydraulic cylinder retract, and a piston rod drives a sucker rod column to move upwards through a polished rod connector;
the down stroke, the reversing valve in the hydraulic station is reversed, the oil circuit is reversed, the self-weight falling of the sucker rod column presses the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into the energy accumulator, and the energy storage of the down stroke is realized;
a stay wire displacement sensor is arranged in the two-stage hydraulic cylinder to complete the measurement of the stroke of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder, an internal oil pressure sensor transmits a pressure signal to control a reversing valve of the hydraulic station to change the position, thereby realizing the reversing of the upper stroke and the lower stroke of the pumping unit; according to the requirement of the liquid production amount of the oil well, the stroke length and the stroke frequency of the oil pumping unit are adjusted through an electric control system; if oil in the oil well is thick, the sucker rod is difficult to move downwards, the liquid supply pressure of the liquid supplementing pump of the hydraulic station is increased, and the oil enters the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston rod to move downwards.
10. The oil extraction and drainage equipment is characterized in that the two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit as claimed in any one of claims 1-8 is installed on the oil extraction and drainage equipment.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction equipment, and particularly relates to a two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit, a control method and application.
Background
At present, an electric submersible pump is mostly adopted for offshore oil production as main lifting equipment, and the electric submersible pump unit limits the selection of thick oil thermal production process and temperature due to low temperature resistance and structural factors. Therefore, for the development of the heavy oil field by adopting the electric submersible pump, the efficiency and the economy are greatly reduced, and the operation and development cost is increased. The manual lifting mode of the sucker-rod pump is widely applied to the onshore thick oil exploitation, and the technology is mature, so that the onshore thick oil exploitation process is transplanted to the offshore thick oil exploitation; however, due to the size limitation of the ocean platform and the size and weight of the pumping unit, the implementation of offshore rod production technology is limited.
The oil pumping unit in land oil field is classified into beam pumping unit and non-beam pumping unit according to its structure characteristics. The beam-pumping unit is limited by the swing angle of the beam, and the increase of the stroke inevitably causes the increase of the size of a crank rocker mechanism, so that the overall size and the weight of the pumping unit are greatly increased, and therefore, the beam-pumping unit is difficult to meet the requirements of long stroke and low stroke frequency, and has large floor area and large mass. The walking-beam-free pumping unit refers to a tower-type pumping unit without a walking beam structure, and the common walking-beam-free pumping unit comprises a chain pumping unit, a motor reversing pumping unit, a gear-rack reversing pumping unit and the like, and has the disadvantages of overlarge occupied area, heavy whole machine weight, complex structure and high whole machine height.
Because of height limitation between deck layers of an ocean platform, the existing oil pumping unit designed for the ocean platform aims at reducing the height of the whole oil pumping unit, and the oil pumping unit mainly adopts a combined structure of a movable pulley, a fixed pulley (crown pulley), a belt (or a steel wire rope) and a hydraulic cylinder.
Although the pumping units in land oil fields are various in types and structures, the conventional beam pumping units and the conventional non-beam pumping units in land oil fields cannot be applied to offshore oil field exploitation due to the limitation of the working space of an offshore platform. The currently published oil pumping unit designed aiming at an ocean platform mainly considers the reduction of the height of the whole unit and adopts a hydraulic range extending mode, and because of the movable pulley effect, the load requirement of a hydraulic cylinder configured by the oil pumping unit is about 2.5 times of the suspension point load of the oil pumping unit, so that the volume and the mass of the hydraulic cylinder are large, the occupied area of the whole oil pumping unit is large, and the installation and operation abdication are difficult; in addition, the center of the rope hanger faces the wellhead and the hydraulic cylinder is inevitably offset in the mode, so that the offset load of the whole pumping unit is serious during operation; for the thick oil well, the belt is used as a lifting belt, the pumping unit driving piece (hydraulic cylinder) is flexibly connected with the actuating piece (sucker rod), and the sucker rod is difficult to move downwards due to the high viscosity of the thick oil. Therefore, it is necessary to design a platform pumping unit, which is a key device meeting the requirement of manual lifting of a sucker-rod pump of an ocean platform, in consideration of the requirements of oil extraction, well repair, oil pumping unit replacement and the like for the installation space of the wellhead area of the ocean platform.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) for the development of the heavy oil field by adopting the electric submersible pump, the efficiency and the economy are greatly reduced, and the operation and development cost is increased.
(2) The beam-pumping unit is limited by the swing angle of the beam, and the increase of the stroke inevitably causes the increase of the size of a crank rocker mechanism, so that the overall size and the weight of the pumping unit are greatly increased, and therefore, the beam-pumping unit is difficult to meet the requirements of long stroke and low stroke frequency, and has large floor area and large mass.
(3) The walking-beam-free pumping unit refers to a tower-type pumping unit without a walking beam structure, and the common walking-beam-free pumping unit comprises a chain pumping unit, a motor reversing pumping unit, a gear-rack reversing pumping unit and the like, and has the disadvantages of overlarge occupied area, heavy whole machine weight, complex structure and high whole machine height.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the artificial lifting technology of the sucker-rod pump is one of effective means for solving the problem of high-efficiency exploitation of thick oil on the sea, and the design of the pumping unit which is suitable for an ocean platform and has the advantages of low overall height, small occupied area, light weight, long stroke and low stroke frequency is a premise.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the small-sized pumping unit suitable for the offshore platform is designed, the configuration problem of key equipment for offshore sucker rod oil production is solved, the offshore platform sucker rod pump artificial lifting technology is realized, the marine thick oil efficient exploitation is promoted, and the method has important significance and provides reference for the energy-saving and consumption-reducing exploitation of offshore marginal oil fields.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit, a control method and application.
The two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit is provided with two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders, and the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders are welded and installed on a pumping unit bracket;
a stay wire displacement sensor is arranged in the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the stay wire displacement sensor is arranged at the tail part of the first-stage cylinder sleeve, a stay wire is tied on a piston rod, the stay wire stretches and contracts to drive the precision rotation sensor to rotate, and an electric signal proportional to the movement distance of the stay wire is output;
the hydraulic control system adjusts the oil supply speed and the liquid supply amount of the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder based on the requirement of the liquid production amount of the oil well, and the purpose of controlling the stroke frequency and the stroke of the oil pumping unit is achieved;
the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected with a hydraulic station and an energy accumulator through a hydraulic pipeline, the hydraulic oil in a rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is pressed into the energy accumulator by the self-weight falling of a down stroke sucker rod string, the potential energy of the sucker rod string is converted into pressure energy to be stored in the energy accumulator, and the high-pressure oil of an up stroke is supplied with the energy accumulator through a variable displacement pump, so that the potential energy storage and the utilization of the up stroke of the down stroke sucker rod string of the pumping unit are realized;
an electric control system and a hydraulic control system are installed in the control terminal, the electric control system is connected with an electric control cabinet and a hydraulic control system, and the hydraulic control system is connected with a hydraulic station and an energy accumulator;
further, a piston rod of the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected with a polished rod connector through a flange bolt, and the polished rod connector is connected with the sucker rod string.
Further, the pumping unit support is fixedly installed on a pumping unit installation seat, and the pumping unit installation seat is fixedly installed on the platform well head cover and the antiskid plate assembly.
Further, well head cover and antiskid ribbed tile assembly install on platform well head roof beam, and the mounting means is the same with current.
Further, the well mouth cover and the antiskid plate assembly are connected with the oil pumping unit mounting seat through bolts.
Furthermore, adjusting devices are arranged between the oil pumping unit mounting seat and the platform well mouth cover and between the oil pumping unit mounting seat and the antiskid plate assembly, and a well mouth centering function is achieved.
Further, the control terminal adopts a container structure, and the container is arranged outside the platform well mouth cover and the antiskid plate assembly.
Furthermore, the oil pumping unit mounting seat is positioned at the central point position of the platform well mouth cover and the antiskid plate assembly.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for the two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit, which comprises:
a stay wire displacement sensor is arranged in the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the stay wire displacement sensor is arranged at the tail part of the first-stage cylinder sleeve, a stay rope is tied on a piston rod, the stay rope stretches and contracts to drive the precision rotation sensor to rotate, and an electric signal proportional to the movement distance of the stay rope is output;
the control system can obtain the displacement, the direction and the speed of a suspension point of the pumping unit by measuring an output signal, and the hydraulic control system adjusts the oil supply speed and the liquid supply amount of the two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder based on the requirement of the liquid production amount of the oil well, so that the stroke frequency and the stroke of the pumping unit are adjusted;
in the up stroke, high-pressure oil of a variable displacement pump and an energy accumulator in the hydraulic station enters a two-stage rod cavity of a hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, hydraulic oil in the two-stage rod-free cavity returns to an oil tank, so that two-stage pistons of the hydraulic cylinder retract, and a piston rod drives a sucker rod column to move upwards through a polished rod connector;
the down stroke, the reversing valve in the hydraulic station is reversed, the oil circuit is reversed, the self-weight falling of the sucker rod column presses the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into the energy accumulator, and the energy storage of the down stroke is realized;
if oil in the oil well is thick, the sucker rod is difficult to move downwards, the liquid supply pressure of the liquid supplementing pump of the hydraulic station is increased, and the oil enters the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston rod to move downwards.
The invention also aims to provide oil extraction equipment which is provided with the two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit provided by the invention has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied area and light weight, can meet the requirements of long stroke and low stroke frequency, meets the space and bearing requirements of an offshore platform, can solve the problem of key equipment requirement of artificial lifting of a sucker rod pump of the offshore platform, and achieves the aim of offshore rod oil extraction.
Secondly, the two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit well solves the problem of configuration of key equipment (pumping unit) for offshore rod oil extraction, has important significance for promoting the implementation of ocean platform rod oil extraction technology and the efficient exploitation of offshore heavy oil, and provides reference for the energy-saving and consumption-reducing exploitation of offshore marginal oil fields.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-stage telescopic offshore platform hydraulic pumping unit provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a platform well head cover and cleat assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a manhole cover and a skid-proof plate assembly; 2. a pumping unit mounting seat; 3. a pumping unit bracket; 4. a lightbar connector; 5. two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinders; 6. an accumulator; 7. an electric control cabinet; 8. and a hydraulic station.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a motion law of a suspension point of a platform pumping unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a speed simulation curve provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a suspension point acceleration simulation curve provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit which has the advantages of long stroke, low stroke frequency, compact structure, small occupied area and light weight, and the invention is described in detail by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the two-stage telescopic ocean platform hydraulic pumping unit provided by the invention comprises a well head cover and
The manhole cover and the
The well mouth cover and the
The two-stage telescopic
The
The driving mechanism of the oil pumping unit adopts the two-stage telescopic
The two-stage telescopic
The
The pumping unit adopts a two-stage telescopic hydraulic cylinder (5) to replace a single-stage hydraulic cylinder (hydraulic stroke increasing mode), so that the capacity configuration of the hydraulic cylinder is reduced, and the weight of the whole machine and the acting load on a platform are reduced.
The size of the whole pumping unit is 1m multiplied by 4m, the weight is 700kg, and the offshore oil production requirement of 1-5 stroke/min and 6m stroke can be realized.
The pumping unit is a small hydraulic pumping unit with long stroke, low stroke frequency, small occupied area and light weight, is suitable for the installation space of an ocean platform, and meets the requirement of offshore rod oil extraction.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: and during the upward stroke, high-pressure oil of a variable displacement pump and an energy accumulator in the hydraulic station enters a two-stage rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic pipeline, hydraulic oil in the two-stage rod-free cavity returns to an oil tank, so that two-stage pistons of the hydraulic cylinder retract, and a piston rod drives the sucker rod column to move upwards through a polished rod connector. And in the down stroke, a reversing valve in the hydraulic station is reversed, an oil way is reversed, and the oil pumping rod falls under the dead weight to press the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into the energy accumulator, so that the energy storage of the down stroke is realized. A stay wire displacement sensor is arranged in the two-stage hydraulic cylinder to complete the measurement of the stroke of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder, an internal oil pressure sensor transmits a pressure signal to control a reversing valve of the hydraulic station to change the position, thereby realizing the reversing of the upper stroke and the lower stroke of the pumping unit; according to the requirement of the liquid production amount of the oil well, the stroke length and the stroke frequency of the oil pumping unit are adjusted through an electric control system. If oil in the oil well is thick, the sucker rod is difficult to move downwards, the liquid supply pressure of the liquid supplementing pump of the hydraulic station is increased, and the oil enters the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder to push the piston rod to move downwards. Fig. 3 shows the motion law of the suspension point of the platform pumping unit.
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to simulations.
Suspension point velocity equation of the pumping unit:
velocity simulation curves, as shown in fig. 4:
suspension point acceleration equation of the pumping unit:
the suspension point acceleration simulation curve is shown in fig. 5.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
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