Railway line building clearance measuring method
阅读说明：本技术 铁路沿线建筑限界测量方法 (Railway line building clearance measuring method ) 是由 杨洋 李志和 胡伟豪 邓卓鑫 王瑞涛 史振帅 于 2019-05-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种用于测量轨道沿线的建筑限界激光测距法。该激光测距车是由(1)轨上小车、(2)激光发射器、(3)角度传感器组成,(2)激光测量器和(3)角度传感器都集成安装在激光测距仪上面,(1)轨上小车可以在轨上自动行走。这套新方法的优势在于：通过使用激光测距仪来实施激光而非接触式测距法,设备和测试人员通过操纵在轨道上行驶的轨道小车,远距离控制激光测距仪对铁路沿线的建筑进行发射激光与信号接受,再使用精确的算法,就可以精确的得出铁路限界数据,再与规定的站台建筑限界进行对比判断现行建筑界限是否超出了危险范围。通过这种方式对轨道沿线的建筑限界的测量十分精确,并且大大建设了铁路工人的劳动量。(The invention provides a building clearance laser ranging method for measuring the distance along a track. The laser ranging vehicle consists of (1) a trolley on the rail, (2) a laser emitter, (3) an angle sensor, (2) a laser measurer and (3) the angle sensor are integrally installed on the laser ranging instrument, and (1) the trolley on the rail can automatically walk on the rail. The advantages of the new method are that: the laser distance measuring method is implemented by using the laser distance measuring instrument instead of a non-contact distance measuring method, equipment and testers can remotely control the laser distance measuring instrument to transmit laser and receive signals to buildings along the railway by operating a rail trolley running on the rail, railway clearance data can be accurately obtained by using an accurate algorithm, and then the railway clearance data is compared with a specified platform building clearance to judge whether the current building clearance exceeds a danger range. In this way, the measurement of the building clearance along the rail is very accurate, and the labor capacity of railway workers is greatly increased.)
1. The invention relates to a laser distance measurement method for a building clearance along a railway, which adopts a laser instrument carried by a measurement trolley to measure the building clearance along the railway, wherein a tester can sit in the trolley, and limit data is accurately calculated by controlling laser emission and signal reception, so that the safety of workers is guaranteed, and the building clearance along the railway can be rapidly measured. The laser ranging vehicle consists of (1) a trolley on the rail, (2) a laser emitter, (3) an angle sensor, (2) a laser measurer and (3) the angle sensor are integrally installed on the laser ranging instrument, and (1) the trolley on the rail can automatically walk on the rail.
2. The laser ranging method according to claim 1, wherein the tester needs to build a trolley (1) that can travel on the rail.
3. The laser rangefinder method of claim 1 wherein the angle sensor (3) in the laser rangefinder measures the angle of the laser beam, i.e. the angle of the laser beam to the horizon is determined.
4. The laser ranging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance from the measured point to the laser ranging instrument can be measured by the laser emitted from the laser emitter (2) of the laser ranging instrument, and the horizontal and vertical distances from the laser ranging instrument to the measured point can be obtained by angle conversion.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring a building clearance along a railway, in particular to a building clearance laser ranging method, and belongs to the technical field of measurement. The railroad clearance is a limiting cross-sectional profile perpendicular to the line centerline that defines the minimum dimension of the cross-section required to ensure safe passage of rolling stock. It is very necessary to measure the distance between the railway and the building along the railway.
Background
With the rapid development of railway construction in China, the operating mileage of railways in the whole country at the end of 2015 reaches 121 kilometers, and the operating mileage of high-speed railways reaches 19 kilometers. In practice, it has been found that there are significant problems with the building limits of passenger platforms, in particular with regard to curves and widening of transitions. The method mainly includes that platform building limits specified by TG/01-2014 railway technical management regulations (technical rules for short) are not thoroughly understood, curve widening theory is not mastered, curve transition section widening standards are not clear, conservative measures are adopted to freely widen the widening range, and the like. Not only causes hidden danger for driving safety, causes inconvenience for passengers to take in and take off, even causes personal injury accidents that the passengers fall off the platform. Therefore, the theory of widening the building limit of the passenger station platform needs to be systematically perfected, the widening range of the circular-straight transition section is clear, and the building limit measurement is carried out along the railway vehicle building so as to ensure the driving safety of the train.
At present, most building boundary measuring methods are manual measuring, and main measuring tools are a platform limit measuring scale and a digital display type measuring instrument. The method has the disadvantages that a measurer needs to go down to operate, a plurality of persons need to go down to measure the station track at the same time, the measurement needs to be completed within the time of the operation of the railway maintenance skylight, and the limited operation time of the maintenance skylight needs to be reported in advance for one week, so that the huge workload of the operator for completing the measurement of the building clearance along the railway on time is hardly met. Building limit data needs to be updated in time, and if the building limit data cannot be updated regularly, great potential safety hazards are caused to the driving transportation safety. The existing measuring mode is troublesome and labor-consuming, the working efficiency is lower, and the error is large.
In order to solve the problems encountered in the measurement process, a set of laser ranging method for measuring the distance between railway building boundaries is developed. The method not only can enable personnel and equipment to finish measurement operation without going down, but also considers the difference between the actual wear track and the theoretical track to be more accurate and can be applied to the practice.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a building clearance distance measuring method for measuring a track line. The advantages of the new method are that: the laser range finder is used for emitting laser to measure the limit of buildings along the rail, equipment testers can remotely control a rail trolley running on the rail, the laser range finder can emit laser to the buildings along the rail and receive signals, railway limit data can be accurately obtained through an internal design algorithm, and then the railway limit data is compared with the specified platform building limit to judge whether the existing building limit exceeds the danger range. In this way, the measurement of the building clearance along the rail is very accurate, and the labor capacity of railway workers is greatly increased. Compared with the traditional building clearance distance measurement method, the invention has obvious advantages: 1. the test speed is very quick by controlling the trolley to run on the tested track, and the obtained data is very accurate. The tester can finish the measurement of the building clearance along the railway in a short time. 2. By adopting the method, a measurer does not need to go down to measure, and can directly carry out remote measurement operation on the laser range finder indoors, so that the test time and the test working period are greatly reduced.
The measurement steps are as follows:
and (5) building a platform of the track detection trolley. As shown in fig. 1.
1. A measuring tool is placed. Mounting a laser range finder on the top of the track detection trolley;
2. and carrying out initial state calibration on the laser range finder. And opening the laser ranging to enable the laser ranging to enter a measuring state. The control system within the laser rangefinder first calibrates the position of the laser probe.
3. And determining the initial position of the laser range finder. The small rail car can generate a certain degree of transverse deviation in the running process
the distance between the laser measurer and the inner measuring surface of the rail at the left side is obtained as
the distance between the laser measurer and the inner measuring surface of the rail at the right side of the steel rail is obtained as
The center distance of the track is
4. The horizontal and vertical distances of the building limits are determined. And carrying out laser scanning on the measured building through the rotation of the laser range finder. Rotating laser distance measuring device and horizontal direction angle
i.e. to derive the horizontal distanceI.e. by. The vertical distance between the laser and the building can be calculated by a program to obtain the distance between the platform boundary and the laser emission point, and a formula is derived by the programmed calculation:
the vertical distance H is obtained and the vertical distance H,
（the vertical distance from the laser range finder to the neutral plane of the track and the length of the support rod of the laser range finder. )