阅读说明：本技术 一种生猪、菱角套养小龙虾的养殖方法 (Breeding method for intercropping live pigs and water chestnuts with crayfishes ) 是由 董开成 吕春花 李艳莉 吉彩红 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及养殖技术领域,具体涉及一种生猪、菱角套养小龙虾的养殖方法；包括以下步骤：S1、对菱角种植场地进行规划,S2、在规划区域建设套养建筑,S3、在菱角种植场地投放生猪,S4、对菱角种植场地进行优化工作,S5、在菱角种植场地播种菱角,S6、在菱角种植场地套养小龙虾,S7、对套养种植结果进行统计分析；本发明在养殖过程中,生猪套养给菱角生长提供有机肥料,利用菱角田埂给生猪提供住舍生存环境,综合占地面积小,生猪生存环境在田间,对周围居民生活环境没有污染,生猪的粪便发酵用作有机肥料,促进菱角生态生长,菱角得到有机肥的补充和龙虾的排泄物,使菱角得以旺盛生长。(The invention relates to the technical field of breeding, in particular to a breeding method for inter-breeding crayfishes by live pigs and water chestnuts; the method comprises the following steps: s1, planning a water chestnut planting field, S2, constructing intercropping buildings in a planning area, S3, putting pigs in the water chestnut planting field, S4, optimizing the water chestnut planting field, S5, sowing water chestnuts in the water chestnut planting field, S6, intercropping crayfishes in the water chestnut planting field, S7, and performing statistical analysis on intercropping planting results; in the process of breeding, live pigs are intercropped to provide organic fertilizer for growth of water caltrops, the water caltrop ridges are used for providing living environment for live pigs in a living house, the comprehensive occupied area is small, the living environment of the live pigs is in the field, the living environment of surrounding residents is not polluted, excrement of the live pigs is fermented to be used as the organic fertilizer, ecological growth of the water caltrops is promoted, the water caltrops are supplemented with the organic fertilizer and excrement of lobsters, and the water caltrops can grow vigorously.)

1. A method for breeding live pigs and water chestnuts together with crayfishes is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, planning a water chestnut planting field;

s2, constructing a intercropping building in a planning area;

s3, putting the pigs in the water chestnut planting field;

s4, optimizing the water chestnut planting field;

s5, sowing water caltrops in the water caltrop planting field;

s6, intercropping crayfish in a water caltrop planting field;

and S7, carrying out statistical analysis on the intercropping planting result.

2. The method for cultivating the live pigs and the crayfish intercropped with the water chestnuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the planting field of the water chestnuts is planned, and the method comprises the following steps:

s101, taking one hundred-mu water chestnut field as a water chestnut cultivation field, wherein the depth of the water chestnut field is 50 centimeters, and rectangular ridges with the height of 70 centimeters and the width of 6 meters are piled up at the center of the water chestnut field;

s102, planning a pig manure breeding area and a live pig breeding area at the top of the ridge close to the edge of the water caltrop field;

and S103, forming two water inlet areas at the bottom of the ridge, and forming drainage ditches around the water chestnut field.

3. The method for cultivating the live pigs and the water chestnuts together with the crayfishes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the building of the whole breeding is constructed in the planned area, and the method comprises the following steps:

s201, constructing a plurality of pigsties in a live pig breeding area, wherein the construction scale of each pigstie is 4 meters wide and 6 meters long;

s202, paving hay in the built pigsty.

4. The method for intercropping crayfish by pigs and water chestnuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 of putting the pigs in a water chestnuts planting field comprises the following steps:

s301, selecting 32 active pig breeds in each piggery, wherein the male-female ratio of the pig breeds is 1: 15;

s302, the selected pig seeds are put into a piggery, and meanwhile, the put pig seeds are injected with vaccines.

5. The method for culturing the live pigs and the crayfish intercropped with the water chestnuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the optimization work is carried out on the water chestnuts planting field, and the method comprises the following steps:

s401, uniformly spraying 2000 kilograms of pig manure fermented in a pig manure fermentation area per mu in a water chestnut field 15 days before water chestnut planting, so that field quality is improved;

s402, deep ploughing and injecting water into the water chestnut planting field before fertilizing the planting field, wherein the water injection depth is 30 centimeters;

and S403, uniformly spraying 100 kilograms of lime per mu in the water chestnut field for disinfection one week before water chestnut planting.

6. The method for culturing the live pigs and the water chestnuts for inter-culturing the crayfishes as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the water chestnuts are sowed in the water chestnuts planting field, and the method comprises the following steps:

s501, selecting seeds before sowing water caltrops, and selecting water caltrops which are fully aged, full, solid and regular, dark in skin color, complete in bud tips and free of diseases and insect pests during seed selection;

s502, soaking the selected seeds in sterile water for 3 days;

s503, sowing the soaked seeds in a mode of sowing 2-3 seeds at a row spacing of 1 m and a hole spacing of 1.5 m in each hole.

7. The method for intercropping live pigs and water caltrops with crayfish as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S6, the crayfish is intercropped in a water caltrop planting field, and the method comprises the following steps:

s601, before the crayfishes are intercropped, selecting crayfish varieties, and mainly selecting crayfish fries which are high in activity and small in size difference;

s602, when the crayfish is thrown, when the water caltrop blades grow to 3-4 water caltrops, the crayfish is thrown.

8. The method for cultivating the live pigs and the water chestnuts together with the crayfish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the statistical analysis of the intercropping planting results in the step S7 comprises the following steps:

the yield of the water caltrops, the live pigs and the crayfishes which are harvested by intercropping is compared with the yield of the single breeding by combining the cost consumed in the breeding process, and a comparative analysis result is obtained.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to a method for breeding live pigs and water chestnuts for intercropping crayfishes.

Background

Cultivation, breeding and propagation (aquatic animals and plants). The breeding comprises several categories of livestock breeding, poultry breeding, aquaculture, special breeding and toad breeding, and the breeding standard specifies the requirements of animals on various nutrient substances under certain conditions (growth stage, growth environment, physiological condition, production level and the like). The expression is expressed either in terms of the amount of the various nutrients required to be supplied per animal per day or in terms of the concentration of the various nutrients in a unit weight (usually in kg). It is an important technical parameter for balancing daily ration and scientifically raising livestock and poultry. The contents of various nutrients in different kinds of feed materials are listed in the feed ingredient table. In order to ensure that the feed taken by the animals contains all the nutrients specified in the feeding standards, the feed raw materials must be selected and matched accordingly, i.e. the ration or feed must be matched.

In the cultivation process, if the water chestnuts are planted in the full field, the water chestnuts are small in size and poor in quality, meanwhile, the cultivation process is not easy to control manually, time is consumed for changing the planting scale of the formed water chestnuts, and multiple tests and comparisons of the soft-shelled turtle, the finless eel, the duck and the goose are used for intercropping, so that the intercropping effect is poor, and the intercropping effect cannot reach an ideal state.

In summary, the development of a breeding method for intercropping crayfish by live pigs and water chestnuts is still a key problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of breeding.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for breeding crayfishes by intercropping live pigs and water chestnuts, the method is characterized in that organic fertilizer is provided for the growth of the water chestnuts by intercropping the live pigs in the breeding process, the living environment of the live pigs is provided by using water chestnuts ridges to provide a living environment for housing the live pigs, the comprehensive occupied area is small, the living environment of the live pigs is in the field, the living environment of surrounding residents is not polluted, the excrement of the live pigs is fermented to be used as the organic fertilizer, the ecological growth of the water chestnuts is promoted, the water chestnuts are supplemented with the organic fertilizer and excreted by the lobsters, the water chestnuts can grow vigorously, the water chestnuts cover the lobsters, and meanwhile, the infinite growth of the water chestnuts is subjected to density carding by the crayfishes, so that the plant trays of the water chestnuts are more robust, the integral use is realized, and the problems of small water chestnuts planted in the field and poor quality are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a method for breeding live pigs and water caltrops together with crayfishes comprises the following steps:

s1, planning a water chestnut planting field;

s2, constructing a intercropping building in a planning area;

s3, putting the pigs in the water chestnut planting field;

s4, optimizing the water chestnut planting field;

s5, sowing water caltrops in the water caltrop planting field;

s6, intercropping crayfish in a water caltrop planting field;

and S7, carrying out statistical analysis on the intercropping planting result.

The invention is further configured to: in the step S1, planning a water chestnut planting field, including the following steps:

s101, taking one hundred-mu water chestnut field as a water chestnut cultivation field, wherein the depth of the water chestnut field is 50 centimeters, and rectangular ridges with the height of 70 centimeters and the width of 6 meters are piled up at the center of the water chestnut field;

s102, planning a pig manure breeding area and a live pig breeding area at the top of the ridge close to the edge of the water caltrop field;

and S103, forming two water inlet areas at the bottom of the ridge, and forming drainage ditches around the water chestnut field.

The invention is further configured to: in step S2, constructing a intercropping building in a planning area includes the following steps:

s201, constructing a plurality of pigsties in a live pig breeding area, wherein the construction scale of each pigstie is 4 meters wide and 6 meters long;

s202, paving hay in the built pigsty.

The invention is further configured to: in the step S3, the method for casting pigs in the water chestnut planting field includes the following steps:

s301, selecting 32 active pig breeds in each piggery, wherein the male-female ratio of the pig breeds is 1: 15;

s302, the selected pig seeds are put into a piggery, and meanwhile, the put pig seeds are injected with vaccines.

The invention is further configured to: in the step S4, the optimization work of the water chestnut planting field includes the following steps:

s401, uniformly spraying 2000 kilograms of pig manure fermented in a pig manure fermentation area per mu in a water chestnut field 15 days before water chestnut planting, so that field quality is improved;

s402, deep ploughing and injecting water into the water chestnut planting field before fertilizing the planting field, wherein the water injection depth is 30 centimeters;

and S403, uniformly spraying 100 kilograms of lime per mu in the water chestnut field for disinfection one week before water chestnut planting.

The invention is further configured to: in the step S5, the method for sowing water caltrops in the water caltrop planting field comprises the following steps:

s501, selecting seeds before sowing water caltrops, and selecting water caltrops which are fully aged, full, solid and regular, dark in skin color, complete in bud tips and free of diseases and insect pests during seed selection;

s502, soaking the selected seeds in sterile water for 3 days;

s503, sowing the soaked seeds in a mode of sowing 2-3 seeds at a row spacing of 1 m and a hole spacing of 1.5 m in each hole.

The invention is further configured to: in the step S6, the crayfish is intercropped in the water chestnut planting field, which includes the following steps:

s601, before the crayfishes are intercropped, selecting crayfish varieties, and mainly selecting crayfish fries which are high in activity and small in size difference;

s602, when the crayfish is thrown, when the water caltrop blades grow to 3-4 water caltrops, the crayfish is thrown.

The invention is further configured to: in step S7, the method for performing statistical analysis on intercropping planting results includes:

the yield of the water caltrops, the live pigs and the crayfishes which are harvested by intercropping is compared with the yield of the single breeding by combining the cost consumed in the breeding process, and a comparative analysis result is obtained.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the known public technology, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the process of breeding, live pigs are intercropped to provide organic fertilizer for growth of water caltrops, the water caltrop ridges are utilized to provide living environment for live pigs, the comprehensive occupied area is small, the living environment of the live pigs is in the field, the living environment of surrounding residents is not polluted, meanwhile, excrement of the live pigs is fermented to be used as the organic fertilizer, ecological growth of the water caltrops is promoted, during the process of breeding the live pigs, vaccines are injected to the live pigs, so that the growth process of the live pigs is not influenced by the amount of parasites and bacteria during field breeding, the health state of the live pigs during growth is further improved, the planting field is disinfected and fertilized before planting the water caltrops, the content of the bacteria in the planting field can be reduced, the sudden fertility degree in the planting field is increased, the soaking work is carried out by using sterile water before planting the water caltrops, so that the water caltrop shells are softened, and the stock rate of the water caltrops is further improved, the water caltrops are planted and supplemented with organic fertilizers and excrement of lobsters, so that the water caltrops can grow vigorously, the water caltrops growing out of the water caltrops can shade the lobsters, the influence of strong light on the lobsters in the growing process is avoided, a good environment for survival such as shading is provided for the crayfishes, the quality and the yield of the crayfishes are greatly benefited, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, meanwhile, the water caltrop regeneration capacity is high, vegetarian nutrition can be provided for the crayfishes, the cost consumed by crayfish breeding is reduced, the infinite growth of the water caltrops can be subjected to density carding through the crayfish breeding, the plant trays of the water caltrops are enabled to be more robust, the overall use is realized, and the problems of full-field water caltrops, small size of the water caltrops and poor quality are solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding live pigs and water chestnuts together with crayfish.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding live pigs and water caltrops together, and the method for breeding live pigs and water caltrops together comprises the following steps:

step one, planning a water chestnut planting field.

And step two, constructing a intercropping building in the planning area.

And step three, putting the live pigs in the water chestnut planting field.

And fourthly, optimizing the water chestnut planting field.

And fifthly, sowing water caltrops in the water caltrop planting field.

And sixthly, intercropping the crayfish in the water chestnut planting field.

And seventhly, carrying out statistical analysis on the intercropping planting result.

Planning a water chestnut planting field, comprising the following steps:

101) taking one hundred-mu water chestnut field as a water chestnut cultivation field, wherein the depth of the water chestnut field is 50 centimeters, and rectangular ridges with the height of 70 centimeters and the width of 6 meters are piled up at the center of the water chestnut field.

102) And a pig manure breeding area and a live pig breeding area are planned at the top of the ridge near the edge of the water caltrop field.

103) Two water inlet areas are arranged at the bottom of the ridge, and drainage ditches are arranged around the water chestnut field.

The method for constructing the intercropping building in the planning area comprises the following steps:

201) and constructing a plurality of pigsties in the live pig breeding area, wherein the construction scale of each pigstie is 4 meters wide and 6 meters long.

202) And paving hay in the built pigsty.

Putting live pigs in a water chestnut planting field, comprising the following steps:

301) and selecting 32 active pig breeds from each pigsty, wherein the male and female proportion of the pig breeds is 1: 15.

302) and putting the selected pig seeds into a pigsty, and injecting the vaccine into the put pig seeds.

The optimization work of the water chestnut planting field comprises the following steps:

401) and 15 days before the water chestnut is planted, 2000 kilograms of pig manure fermented in the pig manure fermentation area per mu is uniformly sprayed in the water chestnut field, so that the field quality is improved.

402) Before fertilizing the planted field, deep ploughing and injecting water into the water chestnut planted field, wherein the water injection depth is 30 centimeters.

403) And uniformly spraying 100 kilograms of lime per mu in the water chestnut field for disinfection one week before water chestnut planting.

The method for sowing water caltrops in the water caltrop planting field comprises the following steps:

501) and selecting seeds before sowing the water caltrops, and selecting the water caltrops which are fully aged, full, solid and regular, have darker skin colors and complete bud tips and have no diseases or insect pests during seed selection.

502) And soaking the selected seeds in sterile water for 3 days.

503) And sowing the soaked seeds in a mode of sowing 2-3 seeds at a row spacing of 1 m and a hole spacing of 1.5 m in each hole.

The crayfish intercropping method in the water chestnut planting field comprises the following steps:

601) before the crayfishes are intercropped, the crayfish varieties are selected, and the crayfish fries with high activity and small size difference are mainly selected.

602) When the crayfish is thrown in, the crayfish throwing operation is carried out when the water caltrop blades grow to 3-4 water caltrops.

The method for carrying out statistical analysis on the intercropping planting result comprises the following steps:

the yield of the water caltrops, the live pigs and the crayfishes which are harvested by intercropping is compared with the yield of the single breeding by combining the cost consumed in the breeding process, and a comparative analysis result is obtained.

Example 2

The breeding method for intercropping live pigs and water chestnuts for crayfishes provided by the embodiment is approximately the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the main differences are as follows:

optimizing the water chestnut planting field, and uniformly spraying lime with the amount of 100 kilograms per mu in the water chestnut field for disinfection;

putting live pigs in the water chestnut planting field, and not injecting vaccines into the put pig seeds;

and (4) sowing water caltrops in the water caltrop planting field, and not selecting water caltrop seeds.

Analysis results

1. And (3) optimally changing the water chestnut planting field:

the result of the acre yield comparison shows that: the water chestnut quality is increased, the survival rate of lobsters is reduced, and the larger the selected planting field is, the lower the per mu yield of the lobsters is.

TABLE 1 influence of changes in optimization of water caltrop planting field

2. Influence of putting live pigs in the water caltrop planting field:

no effect on the injected vaccine of the pig breed

Group of	Quality of water caltrop	Lobster mu yield (jin)	Consumption of cultivation of water caltrops
				Example 1	High quality	800	No consumption
Example 2	Low quality	600	Low consumption

3. The influence of sowing water caltrops in a water caltrop planting field is as follows:

influence of not selecting water caltrop seeds

Group of	Quality of water caltrop	Lobster mu yield (jin)	Consumption of cultivation of water caltrops
				Example 1	High quality	800	No consumption
Example 2	Poor quality	500	General consumption

In the process of breeding, live pigs are intercropped to provide organic fertilizer for growth of water caltrops, the water caltrop ridges are utilized to provide living environment for live pigs, the comprehensive occupied area is small, the living environment of the live pigs is in the field, the living environment of surrounding residents is not polluted, meanwhile, excrement of the live pigs is fermented to be used as the organic fertilizer, ecological growth of the water caltrops is promoted, during the process of breeding the live pigs, vaccines are injected to the live pigs, so that the growth process of the live pigs is not influenced by the amount of parasites and bacteria during field breeding, the health state of the live pigs during growth is further improved, the planting field is disinfected and fertilized before planting the water caltrops, the content of the bacteria in the planting field can be reduced, the sudden fertility degree in the planting field is increased, the soaking work is carried out by using sterile water before planting the water caltrops, so that the water caltrop shells are softened, and the stock rate of the water caltrops is further improved, the water caltrops are planted and supplemented with organic fertilizers and excrement of lobsters, so that the water caltrops can grow vigorously, the water caltrops growing out of the water caltrops can shade the lobsters, the influence of strong light on the lobsters in the growing process is avoided, a good environment for survival such as shading is provided for the crayfishes, the quality and the yield of the crayfishes are greatly benefited, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, meanwhile, the water caltrop regeneration capacity is high, vegetarian nutrition can be provided for the crayfishes, the cost consumed by crayfish breeding is reduced, the infinite growth of the water caltrops can be subjected to density carding through the crayfish breeding, the plant trays of the water caltrops are enabled to be more robust, the overall use is realized, and the problems of full-field water caltrops, small size of the water caltrops and poor quality are solved.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.