阅读说明：本技术 一种光电池分区结构、最大功率点跟踪控制系统及方法 (Photocell partition structure, maximum power point tracking control system and method ) 是由 杜晓伟 徐国宁 李兆杰 苗颖 王旭巍 张衍垒 赵帅 于 2020-06-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例提供一种光电池分区结构、最大功率点跟踪控制系统及方法,该方法包括：按照输出功率大小将激光光伏电池组由中心至外部环形分割,形成多个光电池单元；基于自主寻优策略,控制所述光电池单元之间的串并联形式,以选择出自身最大功率点。本发明实施例根据光斑分布以开关阵列形式选择各分区间的串并联形式,实现自主选择光电池板的最大功率点,跟踪上激光跟瞄精度的瞬时偏移速率,通过对光电池板的分区控制可快速获得所需的最大功率值,适应激光光斑位置的快速变化,降低跟瞄精度偏差以及瞬时偏移对于系统输出功率变化的影响。(The embodiment of the invention provides a photocell partition structure, a maximum power point tracking control system and a method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the laser photovoltaic battery pack is annularly divided from the center to the outside according to the output power to form a plurality of photocell units; and controlling the series-parallel connection form among the photovoltaic cells based on an autonomous optimization strategy to select an autonomous maximum power point. According to the embodiment of the invention, the series-parallel connection mode among the partitions is selected in a switch array mode according to the light spot distribution, the maximum power point of the photoelectric cell panel is selected autonomously, the instantaneous offset rate of the laser tracking precision is tracked, the required maximum power value can be quickly obtained through partition control of the photoelectric cell panel, the rapid change of the laser light spot position is adapted, and the influence of tracking precision deviation and instantaneous offset on the change of the system output power is reduced.)

1. A photovoltaic cell partition structure, comprising:

the photoelectric cell comprises a substrate, a photoelectric cell group, a plurality of photoelectric cell units, a positive wiring point of each photoelectric cell unit and a negative wiring point of each photoelectric cell unit;

the substrate is fixedly and mechanically connected with the photocell group, the photocell units are uniformly and annularly distributed from inside to outside, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each photocell unit are respectively and correspondingly connected with the positive electrode wiring point and the negative electrode wiring point.

2. The photovoltaic cell partition structure of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic cell comprises:

a first photovoltaic cell, a second photovoltaic cell, a third photovoltaic cell, and a fourth photovoltaic cell.

3. The photovoltaic cell partition structure of claim 2, wherein the first photovoltaic cell is annularly wrapped innermost by the second photovoltaic cell, the third photovoltaic cell annularly wraps the second photovoltaic cell, and the fourth photovoltaic cell annularly wraps the third photovoltaic cell.

4. A maximum power point tracking control system, comprising:

the photovoltaic cell partition structure, the autonomous optimization implementation unit, and the maximum power point tracking control unit of any one of claims 1-3;

each zone of the photocell zone structure is electrically connected with the autonomous optimization implementation unit respectively, and the autonomous optimization implementation unit is electrically connected with a control signal of the maximum power point tracking control unit;

and the maximum power point tracking control unit is used for controlling the autonomous optimization implementation unit to select the serial-parallel connection mode of each partition quality inspection in the photocell partition structure.

5. The maximum power point tracking control system of claim 4, wherein each branch of the photovoltaic cell partition structure is independent of each other.

6. The MPPT control system of claim 5, wherein the autonomous optimization implementation unit outputs each partition to be electrically connected with the MPPT control unit through a diode in parallel.

7. A maximum power point tracking control method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the laser photovoltaic battery pack is annularly divided from the center to the outside according to the output power to form a plurality of photocell units;

and controlling the series-parallel connection form among the photovoltaic cells based on an autonomous optimization strategy to select an autonomous maximum power point.

8. The maximum power point tracking control method according to claim 7, wherein the controlling the series-parallel connection form among the photovoltaic cells based on the autonomous optimization strategy to select the self maximum power point comprises:

judging the position of a laser spot according to the intensity of light on the photocell unit so as to determine the current connection form of the battery unit;

and if the change of the brightness sequence of the light emitting diodes connected with the photocell units is detected, adjusting the series-parallel connection mode among the photocell units to ensure the maximum power output.

9. The maximum power point tracking control method according to claim 8, wherein the detecting that the brightness sequence of the light emitting diodes connected to the photovoltaic cells changes comprises:

the light emitting diode connected with the photocell unit is detected to be changed from light to dark or from dark to light.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser electric energy conversion, in particular to a photocell partition structure, a maximum power tracking control system and a method.

Background

Laser wireless energy transmission refers to energy transmission realized in a laser non-contact mode, and is also called laser energy transmission. The development of the laser wireless energy transmission technology is accompanied with the development of electronic devices, power conversion and measurement and control technologies, so that breakthrough is gradually made in the aspects of transmission distance, conversion efficiency, safety and the like, and the research and application development is rapid. The laser wireless energy transmission gets rid of dependence on an entity transmission line, is free from electromagnetic interference, has great advantages in the field that the traditional energy transmission mode is inconvenient for energy transmission, has high transmission cost and even can not transmit, and has wide application space in the fields of operation under the severe environment of Internet of things radio frequency identification, aerospace, weapons and reconnaissance systems, oil field mines and industrial robots, wireless sensor networks, electric vehicles, household appliances and the like.

The laser photovoltaic cell can convert laser energy into electric energy, an output volt-ampere characteristic curve of the laser photovoltaic cell has nonlinearity, a maximum power point is different along with the change of laser intensity and the temperature of the photovoltaic cell, and in order to improve the utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell, a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method is needed to control the output characteristic of the photovoltaic cell. In practical applications, due to the requirement of output power, the photovoltaic receiver is a large-area photovoltaic array formed by connecting a plurality of photovoltaic cells according to a specific layout. The efficiency of a photovoltaic receiver is the product of the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, the receiver circuit efficiency, and the geometric efficiency. Under the condition of uneven distribution of laser energy, the circuit efficiency of the receiver is low, so that the overall efficiency of the receiver is seriously lower than that of a single photovoltaic cell, and the practical application of laser wireless energy transmission is greatly limited.

The energy distribution of the laser spots on the photovoltaic cell panel is uneven and belongs to Gaussian distribution, namely the central illumination intensity is strongest and the edge illumination intensity is weakest. When the precision is slightly deviated due to instantaneous jitter of the laser tracking and aiming alignment system or the photocell plate, the deviation of the alignment precision is amplified due to uneven distribution of the energy of light spots. The output power change of the system is seriously influenced by the uneven distribution of the energy of the light spots and the static transient alignment deviation. The existing photoelectric conversion MPPT technology aims at the characteristic of serial-parallel connection immobilization of each monomer of a photoelectric battery, carries out power tracking on the whole, does not consider power change of each subarea of the battery caused by uneven facula and transient shift, causes photoelectric conversion energy loss, and reduces the whole conversion efficiency. Therefore, there is a need for a photovoltaic cell partition structure, a maximum power point tracking control system and a method thereof to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a photocell partition structure, a maximum power point tracking control system and a method.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic cell partition structure, including:

the photoelectric cell comprises a substrate, a photoelectric cell group, a plurality of photoelectric cell units, a positive wiring point of each photoelectric cell unit and a negative wiring point of each photoelectric cell unit;

the substrate is fixedly and mechanically connected with the photocell group, the photocell units are uniformly and annularly distributed from inside to outside, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each photocell unit are respectively and correspondingly connected with the positive electrode wiring point and the negative electrode wiring point.

Further, the photovoltaic cell comprises:

a first photovoltaic cell, a second photovoltaic cell, a third photovoltaic cell, and a fourth photovoltaic cell.

Further, the first photovoltaic cell is annularly wrapped by the second photovoltaic cell innermost, the third photovoltaic cell annularly wraps the second photovoltaic cell, and the fourth photovoltaic cell annularly wraps the third photovoltaic cell.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a maximum power point tracking control system, including:

the photovoltaic cell partition structure, the autonomous optimization implementation unit, and the maximum power point tracking control unit according to the first aspect;

each zone of the photocell zone structure is electrically connected with the autonomous optimization implementation unit respectively, and the autonomous optimization implementation unit is electrically connected with a control signal of the maximum power point tracking control unit;

and the maximum power point tracking control unit is used for controlling the autonomous optimization implementation unit to select the serial-parallel connection mode of each partition quality inspection in the photocell partition structure.

Further, each branch of the photovoltaic cell partition structure is independent of each other.

Further, each partition output by the autonomous optimization implementation unit is electrically connected with the maximum power point tracking control unit through a diode in parallel.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a maximum power point tracking control method, including:

the laser photovoltaic battery pack is annularly divided from the center to the outside according to the output power to form a plurality of photocell units;

and controlling the series-parallel connection form among the photovoltaic cells based on an autonomous optimization strategy to select an autonomous maximum power point.

Further, the controlling the series-parallel connection form among the photovoltaic cells based on the autonomous optimization strategy to select the self maximum power point comprises:

judging the position of a laser spot according to the intensity of light on the photocell unit so as to determine the current connection form of the battery unit;

and if the change of the brightness sequence of the light emitting diodes connected with the photocell units is detected, adjusting the series-parallel connection mode among the photocell units to ensure the maximum power output.

Further, the detecting that the brightness sequence of the light emitting diodes connected to the photovoltaic cell changes includes:

the light emitting diode connected with the photocell unit is detected to be changed from light to dark or from dark to light.

According to the photovoltaic cell partition structure, the maximum power point tracking control system and the method, the series-parallel connection mode among the partitions is selected in the form of the switch array according to the light spot distribution, the maximum power point of the photovoltaic cell panel is selected autonomously, the instantaneous offset rate of the laser tracking accuracy is tracked, the required maximum power value can be obtained quickly through partition control of the photovoltaic cell panel, the rapid change of the laser light spot position is adapted, and the influence of tracking accuracy deviation and instantaneous offset on the change of the system output power is reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic cell partition structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a maximum power point tracking control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of 3 photovoltaic cells provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a maximum power point tracking control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a photovoltaic cell partition structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic cell partition structure, including:

a substrate 110, a photovoltaic cell group 120, a plurality of photovoltaic cells 130, 140, 150, 160, a photovoltaic cell positive connection 170, and a photovoltaic cell negative connection 180;

the substrate 110 is mechanically connected to the photovoltaic cell set 120, the photovoltaic cells are uniformly and annularly distributed from inside to outside, and the positive and negative electrodes of each photovoltaic cell are correspondingly connected to the positive connection point 170 and the negative connection point 180, respectively.

In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the optical cell structure is arranged in an annular partition manner in the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be understood that the annular partition structure subdivides the uneven light spots of the laser according to the principle of the grating, and divides the uneven light spots into annular shapes, so that the influence of the uneven light spot energy on the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be reduced. When the tracking precision deviates, because the annular partitions are mutually independent, the partition position conversion can be carried out through series-parallel connection, and meanwhile, the influence of the tracking precision and the instantaneous offset on the whole output power is reduced.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the photovoltaic cell includes:

a first photovoltaic cell, a second photovoltaic cell, a third photovoltaic cell, and a fourth photovoltaic cell.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the first photovoltaic cell is annularly wrapped by the second photovoltaic cell at the innermost side, the third photovoltaic cell annularly wraps the second photovoltaic cell, and the fourth photovoltaic cell annularly wraps the third photovoltaic cell.

In the embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, four photovoltaic cells are divided, namely, a first photovoltaic cell 130, a second photovoltaic cell 140, a third photovoltaic cell 150, and a fourth photovoltaic cell 160.

Specifically, the substrate 110, the photovoltaic cell group 120, the first photovoltaic cell unit 130, the second photovoltaic cell unit 140, the third photovoltaic cell unit 150, the fourth photovoltaic cell unit 160, the each-cell positive electrode terminal 170, and the each-cell negative electrode terminal 180;

the substrate 110 is mechanically connected to the photovoltaic cell 120, and the positive and negative electrodes of each photovoltaic cell are respectively connected to the positive and negative connection points; the first photovoltaic cell 130 is annularly wrapped by the second photovoltaic cell 140 innermost, the third photovoltaic cell 150 annularly wraps the second photovoltaic cell 140, and the fourth photovoltaic cell 160 annularly wraps the third photovoltaic cell 150.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a maximum power point tracking control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a maximum power point tracking control system, including:

a photocell partition structure 210, an autonomous optimization implementation unit 220, and a maximum power point tracking control unit 230;

each partition of the photovoltaic cell partition structure 210 is electrically connected to the autonomous optimization implementing unit 220, and the autonomous optimization implementing unit 220 is electrically connected to the maximum power point tracking control unit 230 by a control signal;

the maximum power point tracking control unit 230 is configured to control the autonomous optimization implementing unit 220 to select a series-parallel connection form of quality inspection of each partition in the photovoltaic cell partition structure 210.

In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of photocell units are formed by annular division, and then the influence of tracking deviation on the integral output power of the photocell is reduced by controlling serial and parallel connection. The autonomous optimization control strategy can track the instantaneous offset rate of the laser tracking precision, adapt to the rapid change of the laser spot position and reduce the influence of the uneven spot energy distribution on the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

On the basis of the embodiment, the branches of the photovoltaic cell partition structure are independent from each other.

On the basis of the embodiment, the autonomous optimization implementation unit outputs each partition to be electrically connected with the maximum power point tracking control unit through a diode in parallel.

In the embodiment of the invention, because the branches are mutually independent and are connected in parallel through the diodes, each unit can independently select the self maximum power point and can quickly obtain the required maximum power value.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of 3 photovoltaic cells provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, a photovoltaic cell group integrated in a photovoltaic panel includes 3 partitions, each corresponding to 3 photovoltaic cells, and corresponding to the ring partitions 1, 2, and 3 in fig. 1. And the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each photocell unit are respectively led out to be connected with the automatic optimization implementation unit. The positive and negative poles of each photocell unit in the autonomous optimization implementation unit are connected with a control switch S_b1、S_c1The positive pole and the negative pole of the photovoltaic cell 1 are mainly controlled to be connected with other cells in parallel; s_b2、S_c2The parallel connection of the positive pole and the negative pole of the photovoltaic cell 2 with other cells is mainly controlled; s_b3、S_c3Mainly controlling the parallel connection of the positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic cell 2 with other cells. S_a1And S_a2The series connection of the photovoltaic cell 1 and the photovoltaic cell 2, and the series connection of the photovoltaic cell 2 and the photovoltaic cell 3 are respectively controlled. The action of the control switch is controlled by the maximum power point tracking control unit. The switches are combined to realize the series connection and the parallel connection of the battery units through different switching actions.

In an embodiment of the present invention, for example, the following three cases are included:

3 photovoltaic cells are connected in parallel: s_b1、S_c1Closing; s_b2、S_c2Closing; s_b3、S_c3Closing; s_a1、S_a2Disconnecting;

when the photovoltaic cells 1 and 2 are connected in series, in parallel with the photovoltaic cell 3, the correspondence is: s_a1,S_b1,S_b3,S_c3,S_c2Closing; s_a2,S_b2,S_c1Disconnecting;

when the series connection of the photovoltaic cell 2 and the photovoltaic cell 3, in parallel with the photovoltaic cell 1, corresponds to: s_a2,S_b1,S_b2,S_c1,S_c3Closing; s_a1,S_b3,S_c2Disconnecting;

when 3 photovoltaic cells are connected in series, the correspondence is: s_a1,S_b1,S_a2,S_c3Closing; s_b2,S_b3,S_c1,S_c2And (5) disconnecting.

During specific control, 3 photocells are connected in parallel in the initial state, then the position of a light spot is judged according to the brightness of each path of diode, if the brightness is weak from the center to the outer ring (D1> D2> D3), the light spot is located at the center of the battery pack, and three paths of batteries are connected in parallel. In this state, when detecting that the brightness of the photocells changes sequentially, for example, D2> D3> D1 or D1 goes out, D3 lights, which indicates that the spot position shifts, the series-parallel connection mode of the photocells needs to be adjusted, and in order to ensure the maximum power output, the photocell 2 and the photocell 3 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the photocell 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a maximum power point tracking control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a maximum power point tracking control method, including:

step 401, annularly dividing a laser photovoltaic battery pack from the center to the outside according to the output power to form a plurality of photovoltaic cell units;

and 402, controlling a series-parallel connection mode among the photovoltaic cells based on an autonomous optimization strategy to select an autonomous maximum power point.

In step 401, each photovoltaic cell is formed by first performing a circular division from the center to the outside according to the output power.

Further, in step 402, the self-optimizing implementing unit selects the serial-parallel form of each unit, so as to perform partition position conversion. Because each branch circuit is independent, each unit can select the maximum power point of the unit through the parallel connection of the diodes, and the required maximum power value can be quickly obtained.

According to the maximum power point tracking control method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a series-parallel connection mode among all the sub-areas is selected in a switch array mode according to light spot distribution, the maximum power point of the photovoltaic cell panel is selected autonomously, the instantaneous offset rate of the laser tracking accuracy is tracked, the required maximum power value can be obtained rapidly through the sub-area control of the photovoltaic cell panel, the rapid change of the laser light spot position is adapted, and the influence of tracking accuracy deviation and instantaneous offset on the change of the system output power is reduced.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the controlling the series-parallel connection form among the photovoltaic cells based on the autonomous optimization strategy to select the self maximum power point includes:

judging the position of a laser spot according to the intensity of light on the photocell unit so as to determine the current connection form of the battery unit;

and if the change of the brightness sequence of the light emitting diodes connected with the photocell units is detected, adjusting the series-parallel connection mode among the photocell units to ensure the maximum power output.

In the embodiment of the present invention, when the brightness changes, it may be that the intensity sequence of the illumination on the photocells changes, as shown in fig. 3, if the starting state is (D1> D2> D3), the period D1 is off, and the period D3 is on, then D2> D3> D1 indicates that the spot position is shifted, and the photocell series-parallel connection mode needs to be adjusted to ensure the maximum power output.

On the basis of the above embodiment, the detecting that the brightness sequence of the light emitting diodes connected to the photovoltaic cell changes includes:

the light emitting diode connected with the photocell unit is detected to be changed from light to dark or from dark to light.

In the embodiment of the invention, the most intuitive detection mode is to observe the brightness change of the light emitting diode connected with the battery, and the most obvious change is the process of changing from bright to dark or from dark to bright.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.