阅读说明：本技术 磁敏多孔润滑的飞机防冰表面的实现方法 (Method for realizing magnetic-sensitive porous-lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface ) 是由 黄小彬 刘洪� 李小飞 孔维梁 于 2020-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种磁敏多孔润滑的飞机防冰表面的实现方法,通过聚二甲基硅氧烷预聚物及其固化剂、甲苯、糖类、磁性纳米颗粒和二甲基硅油的混合均匀和干燥固化,得到磁敏多孔防冰复合材料的前驱体；经过该前驱体与乙醇的水溶液多次进行溶剂交换并干燥,得到磁敏多孔防冰复合材料；将上述复合材料粘附在目标表面上,待粘合剂完全固化后向复合材料表面滴加磁流体直至吸附饱和,得到磁敏多孔润滑的防冰表面。本发明利用糖模板法在将磁性纳米颗粒均匀分散在具有良好弹性、疏水性、亲油性和化学稳定的聚二甲基硅氧烷的同时,获得高度多孔的结构,从而制成冰附着强度极低、防冰寿命长、可迅速修复的具有磁响应特性的磁敏多孔防冰材料,将其涂覆于飞机表面以达到辅助飞机防冰的效果。(A method for realizing a magnetic-sensitive porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface comprises the steps of uniformly mixing, drying and curing a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and a curing agent thereof, toluene, saccharides, magnetic nano particles and dimethyl silicone oil to obtain a precursor of a magnetic-sensitive porous anti-icing composite material; carrying out solvent exchange and drying on the precursor and an aqueous solution of ethanol for multiple times to obtain the magnetic-sensitive porous anti-icing composite material; and adhering the composite material on the target surface, and after the adhesive is completely cured, dropwise adding magnetic fluid on the surface of the composite material until adsorption saturation to obtain the magnetosensitive porous lubricated anti-icing surface. The invention utilizes a sugar template method to uniformly disperse magnetic nano particles in polydimethylsiloxane with good elasticity, hydrophobicity, lipophilicity and chemical stability, and simultaneously obtains a highly porous structure, thereby preparing the magnetic sensitive porous anti-icing material with extremely low ice adhesion strength, long anti-icing service life and quick repairable magnetic response characteristic, and coating the magnetic sensitive porous anti-icing material on the surface of an airplane to achieve the effect of assisting the airplane in anti-icing.)

1. A method for realizing a magnetic-sensitive porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface is characterized in that a precursor of a magnetic-sensitive porous anti-icing composite material is obtained by uniformly mixing, drying and curing a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and a curing agent thereof, toluene, saccharides, magnetic nanoparticles and dimethyl silicone oil; carrying out solvent exchange and drying on the precursor and an aqueous solution of ethanol for multiple times to obtain the magnetic-sensitive porous anti-icing composite material; adhering the composite material on a target surface, and after the adhesive is completely cured, dropwise adding magnetic fluid on the surface of the composite material until adsorption saturation to obtain a magnetosensitive porous lubricated anti-icing surface;

the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and the curing agent thereof to the toluene, the saccharides, the magnetic nanoparticles and the dimethyl silicone oil is (10-12): 20-22): 52-54): 14-16): 1;

the magnetic fluid consists of base fluid and magnetic nano-particles treated by a surfactant.

2. The method for realizing the magnetic-sensitive porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer to the curing agent is (8-11): 1.

3. The method for realizing the magnetic-sensitive porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sugar is a mixture of glucose and sucrose, and the mass ratio of the glucose to the sucrose is 1 (1-3).

4. The method for realizing the magnetic-sensing porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnetic nanoparticles are ferroferric oxide particles with the particle size of 800nm treated by a surfactant, and the surfactant is sodium oleate or polyethylene glycol with the average molecular weight of 2000.

5. The method for realizing the magnetic-sensing porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface according to claim 1, wherein the adhesion adopts polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent thereof as an adhesive, and the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent is (8-11) to 1.

6. The method for realizing the anti-icing surface of the magnetic-sensing porous lubricated airplane as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base fluid consists of 80 weight percent of paraffin oil and 20 weight percent of class III clean environment-friendly aviation kerosene, the surfactant is sodium oleate or polyethylene glycol with the average molecular weight of 2000, and the magnetic nanoparticles are ferroferric oxide particles with the particle size of 800 nm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology in the field of surface treatment, in particular to a method for realizing a magnetic-sensitive porous-lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface.

Background

Icing is one of the main weather factors affecting the flight of an aircraft, leading to flight accidents. In order to reduce or even prevent the impact of icing on the flight safety of an aircraft, most aircraft must take corresponding protective measures. The anti-icing surface technology in the existing aircraft anti-icing method has the advantages of low energy consumption, low manufacturing cost, easiness in implementation, wide application range and the like, wherein the most promising is a super-hydrophobic anti-icing surface and a porous anti-icing surface injected with a lubricant.

Superhydrophobic surfaces, obtained by the combination of micro-nano-scale texturing and hydrophobic surface chemistry, while exhibiting good anti-icing capabilities under certain environmentally controlled conditions, are generally suitable only for smaller and more costly components due to the highly complex design, difficulty of manufacture and high process cost. In addition, the micro-nano structure of the super-hydrophobic surface is easy to damage and is easy to lose efficacy in the environment with low temperature and high humidity. Therefore, the anti-icing requirements for large aircraft components are more suitable for the application of porous surfaces impregnated with lubricant.

The anti-icing principle of the anti-icing surface injected with the lubricant is that a smooth liquid covering layer is formed through the permeation of the physically and chemically limited and immiscible lubricant to the textured solid substrate, so that the anti-icing purpose is achieved. The advantages of using magnetic fluid as lubricant are: compared with other lubricants, the water has lower nucleation temperature on the surface of the magnetic fluid, longer icing delay time and lower adhesion strength of ice on the surface of the magnetic fluid; after the magnetic fluid is impacted by the water drops, the appearance of the magnetic fluid before impact can be recovered in a very short time. However, the anti-icing surface based on the magnetic fluid is too dependent on the external magnetic field, that is, when the external magnetic field is lost, the magnetic fluid is easy to lose and the anti-icing capacity of the surface is lost, especially, certain conditions, such as water flow impact, can cause irreversible damage to the surface of the magnetic fluid.

Compared with other base materials, the polymer-based porous base material has the advantages of high strength, high toughness and high elasticity, and is low in manufacturing cost, low in processing temperature, mature in process, good in stability, relatively simple in high performance (physical modification), and capable of being realized through simple blending.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for realizing a magnetic-sensitive porous lubricated aircraft anti-icing surface, aiming at the defects of the prior art, a sugar template method is utilized to uniformly disperse magnetic nano particles in polydimethylsiloxane with good elasticity, hydrophobicity, lipophilicity and chemical stability, and simultaneously obtain a highly porous structure, so that a magnetic-sensitive porous anti-icing material with extremely low ice adhesion strength, long anti-icing service life and quick repairability and magnetic response characteristic is prepared and coated on the aircraft surface to achieve the effect of assisting aircraft anti-icing.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a method for realizing an aircraft anti-icing surface with magnetic-sensing porous lubrication, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing, drying and curing a polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and a curing agent thereof, toluene, saccharides, magnetic nano particles and dimethyl silicone oil to obtain a precursor of a magnetic-sensing porous anti-icing composite material; carrying out solvent exchange and drying on the precursor and an aqueous solution of ethanol for multiple times to obtain the magnetic-sensitive porous anti-icing composite material; and adhering the composite material on the target surface, and after the adhesive is completely cured, dropwise adding magnetic fluid on the surface of the composite material until adsorption saturation to obtain the magnetosensitive porous lubricated anti-icing surface.

The mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer to the curing agent is (8-11) to 1.

The saccharide is preferably a mixture of glucose and sucrose, wherein the mass ratio of the glucose to the sucrose is 1 (1-3).

The mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane prepolymer and the curing agent thereof, toluene, saccharides, magnetic nanoparticles and dimethyl silicone oil is (10-12): 20-22): 52-54): 14-16): 1.

The magnetic nano particles are preferably ferroferric oxide particles with the particle size of 800nm, which are treated by a surfactant, and the surfactant is preferably sodium oleate or polyethylene glycol with the average molecular weight of 2000.

The drying and curing conditions are preferably at 80 ℃ for 12 hours.

The volume ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the water in the ethyl alcohol solution is preferably 1 (1-3).

The adhesion preferably adopts polydimethylsiloxane and a curing agent thereof as an adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the polydimethylsiloxane to the curing agent is (8-11) to 1.

The complete curing is preferably carried out by standing at 80 ℃ for 2 hours.

The magnetic fluid consists of base fluid and magnetic nano particles treated by a surfactant, wherein the base fluid preferably consists of 80 wt% of paraffin oil and 20 wt% of grade-III clean environment-friendly aviation kerosene, the surfactant preferably is sodium oleate or polyethylene glycol with the average molecular weight of 2000, and the magnetic nano particles preferably are ferroferric oxide particles with the particle size of 800 nm.

Technical effects

The invention integrally solves the problem of icing on the surface of the existing airplane; the magnetic fluid is used as the lubricant, so that the adhesion strength of ice on the surface can be greatly reduced; the porous polymer matrix is used, so that the advantages of high strength, high elasticity and high toughness of the polymer can be fully utilized, the processing temperature can be reduced, and the processing technology can be simplified, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing difficulty; the anti-icing surface formed by combining the magnetic fluid and the porous polymer matrix is easy to scale, and is suitable for batch production and application in large parts of airplanes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a Fourier transform infrared absorption spectrum of the magnetic-sensing porous anti-icing composite material of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a magnetically sensitive porous anti-icing composite of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetization curve of the magnetically sensitive porous anti-icing composite of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the contact angle between the magnetic sensitive porous anti-icing composite material and the magnetic fluid according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the change of mass during the adsorption-release cycle of the magnetosensitive porous anti-icing composite material of the present invention to the magnetofluid;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the response characteristics of the magnetic sensitive porous anti-icing composite material of the present invention to a magnetic field;

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the variation of ice adhesion strength during an icing-deicing cycle for a magnetically sensitive porous lubricated anti-icing surface of the present invention in the absence of an applied magnetic field;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the change in ice adhesion strength during an icing-deicing cycle in the presence of an applied magnetic field for a magnetically sensitive porous lubricated anti-icing surface of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a comparison of the adsorption capacity of the magnetosensitive porous anti-icing composite material with different pore distributions to the magnetofluid.

Detailed Description