阅读说明：本技术 发电热机系统非平衡态多路径循环系统 (Unbalanced state multi-path circulating system of power generation and heat engine system ) 是由 肖茂章 于 2020-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种发电热机系统非平衡态多路径循环系统,包括在高温高压工质气体压力容器中设置的非平衡态工质循环子系统以及多路径循环子系统,以及所述多路径循环子系统包括工质气体余热分离子循环系统和工质气体余热叠加子循环系统等；本发明增加工质气体余热与工质气体的分离与再叠加系统,余热和工质是分开循环,系统简化,便于减小工质循环和余热循环系统功耗。具体的,余热和工质是分开循环,便于减小工质循环和余热循环系统功耗。(The invention discloses an unbalanced state multi-path circulating system of a power generation heat engine system, which comprises an unbalanced state working medium circulating subsystem and a multi-path circulating subsystem which are arranged in a high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container, wherein the multi-path circulating subsystem comprises a working medium gas waste heat separating sub-circulating system, a working medium gas waste heat superposing sub-circulating system and the like; the invention increases the system for separating and superposing the waste heat of the working medium gas and the working medium gas, the waste heat and the working medium are separately circulated, the system is simplified, and the power consumption of the working medium circulation system and the waste heat circulation system is convenient to reduce. Specifically, the waste heat and the working medium are separately circulated, so that the power consumption of the working medium circulation system and the power consumption of the waste heat circulation system are reduced conveniently.)

1. An unbalanced state multi-path circulation system of a power generation and heat engine system, comprising:

the working medium gas temperature non-equilibrium state subsystem comprises a temperature rising device (16) and a working medium gas heating chamber (108); the working medium gas heating chamber (108) is communicated with the working environment in which the working medium gas heating chamber is positioned and has equal pressure; the temperature difference of a local area in the working environment is formed by the action of the temperature rising device (16) in the working medium gas heating chamber (108); at least temperature probes are arranged in the working environment and are respectively and electrically connected with a controller (28);

the multi-path circulation subsystem comprises a heat exchanger (15) and a first exchange chamber (17), wherein the heat exchanger (15) radiates heat to a working environment communicated with equal pressure, and separates working media from energy contained in the working media to return heat energy to the working environment where the working media are located; the first exchange chamber (17) recycles the working medium with energy separated by the heat exchanger (15) back to the working environment.

2. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the regulating heat pump (39) is connected with the controller (28), the temperature difference is monitored through a temperature probe, and the regulating heat pump (39) is used for regulating and controlling the temperature difference of local areas in the working environment.

3. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system as claimed in claim 2, comprising an energy conversion subsystem, wherein the energy conversion subsystem is respectively connected with the multi-path circulation subsystem and the working medium gas temperature unbalanced state subsystem, and the energy conversion subsystem comprises a steam turbine set power generation subsystem and/or a liquid turbine power generation subsystem.

4. The power generating heat engine system unbalanced state multipath circulation system of claim 3, wherein the energy conversion subsystem comprises a turbo unit (68), the turbo unit (68) being fed from the operating environment through an inlet duct.

5. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system as claimed in claim 3, wherein the liquid turbine power generation subsystem comprises a liquid storage chamber (26), a second exchange chamber (22), a generator set (25), a temperature raising device (23), a heat exchanger (24); the liquid storage chamber (26) is connected with the generator set (25), the generator set (25) is connected with the second exchange chamber (22), the second exchange chamber (22) is connected with the temperature raising device (23), and the temperature raising device (23) is connected with the heat exchanger (24); and the second exchange chamber (22) is connected with the working medium gas heating chamber (108); the liquid storage chamber (26) is communicated with the working environment where the working medium gas is located and has equal pressure; the heat exchanger (24) is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container (10) by a communicating pipeline.

6. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system as claimed in claim 5, comprising a heat exchanger (241); the temperature raising device (16) is connected with the heat exchanger (15), the heat exchanger (15) is connected with the heat exchanger (241) through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger (241) is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container (10) through a communicating pipeline.

7. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system of claim 3, comprising:

an artificial second heat source subsystem; the artificial second heat source subsystem comprises an inverse Carnot cycle refrigerating system (12) and an artificial second heat source substance storage chamber (30), and the cooled low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas is used as the artificial second heat source substance; a refrigeration compressor (120) of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system (12) is arranged inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container (10), an evaporator (121) of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system (12) is arranged inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container (10) and is connected with the refrigeration compressor (120), and a radiator (141) of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system (12) is arranged in a working medium storage chamber (132) of the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber (30).

8. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system of claim 3, comprising:

a gas compression cycle subsystem; the gas compression circulation subsystem comprises a gas compressor (11) and a heat-insulating partition plate (68), wherein an electromagnetic valve EV2 is arranged on the heat-insulating partition plate (68); the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber (30) is divided into a working medium temporary storage chamber (131) and a working medium storage chamber (132) by a heat insulation partition plate (68); the gas compressor (11) is connected with the working medium temporary storage chamber (131), and the working medium temporary storage chamber (131) is connected with the working medium storage chamber (132) through an electromagnetic valve EV 2; the gas compressor (11) presses the working medium gas into the working medium temporary storage chamber (131), then the working medium gas is discharged into the working medium storage chamber (132) as the artificial second heat source substance by opening the electromagnetic valve EV2 to absorb the heat of the radiator (141) and/or the heat exchanger (151), and the heat absorbed working medium gas is pressed into the first exchange chamber (17).

9. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multi-path circulation system as claimed in claim 8, characterized by comprising a gas working medium storage and adjustment chamber (66), wherein the gas working medium storage and adjustment chamber (66) is connected with the gas compressor (11).

10. The power generation and heat engine system unbalanced state multipath circulation system of claim 9, comprising an exhauster (18) and a drain pump (81), wherein the exhauster (18) and the drain pump (81) are respectively electrically connected with the controller (28); the gas compressor (11), the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber (30), the first exchange chamber (17) and the second exchange chamber (22) are respectively electrically connected with the controller (28).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of power generation and heat engines, in particular to an unbalanced state multi-path circulating system of a power generation and heat engine system.

Background

At present, all power generation heat engine systems directly use a compressor to directly compress a working medium of gas after acting through a second heat source to a heating chamber after being cooled, a circulating path is single, working medium circulation is not facilitated, and waste heat after working medium gas acting is not recycled. In addition, working medium gas in a high-pressure heating chamber in all the current power generation heat engine systems is in an isothermal and isobaric state, and when the working medium gas participating in circulation is in a thermal balance state, the density of the working medium gas with the same volume is large, the mass is large, the contained residual heat quantity is also large, so that the power consumption of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system is large, and the power consumption of a gas compressor is also large.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a non-equilibrium multi-path circulating system of a power generation heat engine system, which is provided with a separating and re-superposing subsystem of waste heat of working medium gas and the working medium gas, wherein the waste heat and the working medium are separately circulated and can be regulated and controlled, and the power consumption of the working medium circulating system and the waste heat circulating system is convenient to reduce.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an unbalanced state multi-path circulation system of a power generation and heat engine system, comprising:

the working medium gas temperature non-equilibrium state subsystem comprises a heating device and a working medium gas heating chamber; the working medium gas heating chamber is communicated with the working environment and has equal pressure; forming a temperature difference of a local area in the working environment by the action of the temperature rising device in the working medium gas heating chamber; at least temperature probes are arranged in the working environment and are respectively and electrically connected with the controller;

the multi-path circulation subsystem comprises a heat exchanger and a first exchange chamber, the heat exchanger radiates heat to a communicated isobaric working environment, and separates the energy contained by the working medium from the energy contained in the working medium, so that the heat energy returns to the working environment where the working medium is located; the first exchange chamber circulates the working medium with energy separated by the heat exchanger back to the working environment.

Furthermore, the adjusting heat pump is connected with the controller, the temperature difference is monitored through the temperature probe, and the adjusting heat pump is used for adjusting and controlling the temperature difference of a local area in the working environment.

The system further comprises an energy conversion subsystem, wherein the energy conversion subsystem is respectively connected with the multipath circulation subsystem and the working medium gas temperature non-equilibrium state subsystem, and comprises a steam turbine set power generation subsystem and/or a liquid turbine power generation subsystem.

Further, the energy conversion subsystem comprises a steam turbine generator unit, and the steam turbine generator unit is used for introducing air from the working environment through an air inlet pipeline.

Further, the liquid turbine power generation subsystem comprises a liquid storage chamber, a second exchange chamber, a generator set, a temperature raising device and a heat exchanger; the liquid storage chamber is connected with the generator set, the generator set is connected with the second exchange chamber, the second exchange chamber is connected with the temperature rising device, and the temperature rising device is connected with the heat exchanger; the second exchange chamber is connected with the working medium gas heating chamber; the liquid storage chamber is communicated with the working environment where the working medium gas is located and has equal pressure; the heat exchanger is connected with a low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container by a communicating pipeline.

Further, a heat exchanger is included; the temperature raising device is connected with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is connected with the heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container through a communicating pipeline.

Further, comprising:

an artificial second heat source subsystem; the artificial second heat source subsystem comprises an inverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system and an artificial second heat source substance storage chamber, and the cooled low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas is used as the artificial second heat source substance; the refrigeration compressor of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system is arranged inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container, the evaporator of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system is arranged inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container and is connected with the refrigeration compressor, and the radiator of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system is arranged in the working medium storage chamber of the artificial second heat source material storage chamber.

Further, comprising:

a gas compression cycle subsystem; the gas compression circulation subsystem comprises a gas compressor and a heat-insulating partition plate, and an electromagnetic valve EV2 is arranged on the heat-insulating partition plate; the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber is divided into a working medium temporary storage chamber and a working medium storage chamber by a heat insulation clapboard; the gas compressor is connected with the working medium temporary storage chamber, and the working medium temporary storage chamber is connected with the working medium storage chamber through an electromagnetic valve EV 2; the gas compressor presses working medium gas into the working medium temporary storage chamber, the working medium gas is discharged into the working medium storage chamber as the artificial second heat source substance by opening the electromagnetic valve EV2 to absorb heat of the radiator and/or the heat exchanger, and the heat absorbed working medium gas is pressed into the first exchange chamber.

And further, the gas working medium storage and adjustment chamber is connected with a gas compressor.

The system further comprises an exhaust machine and a liquid discharge pump, wherein the exhaust machine and the liquid discharge pump are respectively electrically connected with the controller; the gas compressor, the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber, the first exchange chamber and the second exchange chamber are respectively electrically connected with the controller.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention increases the subsystem of separating and superposing the residual heat of the working medium gas and the working medium gas, and the residual heat and the working medium are separately circulated, thereby being convenient for reducing the power consumption of the working medium circulation system and the residual heat circulation system. On one hand, the working medium gas does not directly participate in external work, the pressure potential energy in the high-pressure chamber is utilized to push the liquid working medium in the high-pressure chamber to do work, and meanwhile, the gas working medium in the high-temperature area of the high-pressure chamber is used for assisting the liquid working medium to do work and circulate, so that the working medium gas is circulated after the contained heat energy is heated and radiated by the heating device and is released into the high-pressure chamber in advance, and the working medium gas is circulated independently. Therefore, the isobaric and unequal temperature areas of the working medium gas are arranged in the high-pressure chamber, the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area are in an isobaric state, namely a non-equilibrium state, so that the temperature of the working medium gas for assisting the working circulation of the liquid working medium in the high-pressure chamber high-temperature area is in a high-temperature state, the working medium gas is heated by the heating device to be higher, the heat dissipation capacity in the high-pressure chamber is higher, the heat dissipation speed is higher, and the density of the working medium gas is reduced under a certain condition due to the temperature rise in the high-temperature area in the high-pressure chamber, namely, the residual heat energy contained in the working medium gas is less when the working medium gas is in an isobaric and equal volume, the quality of the gas working medium is reduced, the residual heat content after heat dissipation is less, the power consumption of the inverse Carnot-cycle refrigeration.

On the other hand, the invention adds a separation subsystem of the residual heat of the working medium gas and the working medium gas, the working medium gas circulates in a single path, the residual heat circulates in a single path, and the residual heat of the working medium gas and the working medium gas are separated by utilizing the combined action of the temperature rising device and the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system; the waste heat of the working medium gas is processed and heated by the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system, and then is superposed on the working medium gas independently circulated in another path by the radiator, and the waste heat and the working medium are separately and independently circulated, so that the power consumption of the working medium circulation system and the power consumption of the waste heat circulation system are reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure, 10-low temperature low pressure working medium gas pressure vessel, 40-high temperature high pressure working medium gas pressure vessel, 12-inverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system, 120-refrigeration compressor, 121-evaporator, 141-radiator, 30-artificial second heat source substance storage chamber, 131-working medium temporary storage chamber, 132-working medium storage chamber, 11-gas compressor, 17-first exchange chamber, 16-heating device, 15-heat exchanger, 151-heat exchanger, 108-flowing working medium gas heating chamber, 109-high pressure chamber high temperature zone, 18-exhauster, 22-second exchange chamber, 26-liquid storage chamber, 23-heating device, 24-heat exchanger, 241-heat exchanger, 39-regulating heat pump, 20-heat pump compressor, 21-heat pump radiator, 19-external environment heat pump evaporator, 26-liquid storage chamber, 1001-low temperature low pressure working medium gas pressure container, 61-energy storage facility, 62-power distribution facility, 81-liquid discharge pump, 28-controller, 27-heat transfer fin, 252-liquid turbine, 251-generator, 131-working medium temporary storage chamber, 132-heat absorption chamber, 86-turbo generator set, 71-high pressure chamber heat release chamber, 710-high pressure chamber low temperature region heat release region, 110-high pressure chamber low temperature region, 66-working medium gas storage regulation chamber, and 68-heat insulation partition plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following. All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps of a method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where mutually exclusive features and/or steps are used.

As shown in fig. 1, an unbalanced state multi-path circulation system of a power generation and heat engine system comprises:

the working medium gas temperature non-equilibrium state subsystem comprises a temperature rise device 16 and a working medium gas heating chamber 108; the working medium gas heating chamber 108 is communicated with the working environment in which the working medium gas heating chamber is located and has equal pressure; the temperature difference of a local area in the working environment is formed by the action of the temperature rising device 16 in the working medium gas heating chamber 108; at least temperature probes are arranged in the working environment and are respectively and electrically connected with the controller 28;

the multi-path circulation subsystem comprises a heat exchanger 15 and a first exchange chamber 17, wherein the heat exchanger 15 radiates heat to a communicated isobaric working environment, and separates working media from energy contained in the working media to return heat energy to the working environment where the working media are located; the first exchange chamber 17 circulates the working medium with energy separated by the heat exchanger 15 back to the working environment.

Further, the regulating heat pump 39 is connected with the controller 28, the temperature difference is monitored through a temperature probe, and the regulating heat pump 39 is used for regulating and controlling the temperature difference of a local area in the working environment.

The system further comprises an energy conversion subsystem, wherein the energy conversion subsystem is respectively connected with the multipath circulation subsystem and the working medium gas temperature non-equilibrium state subsystem, and comprises a steam turbine set power generation subsystem and/or a liquid turbine power generation subsystem.

Further, the energy conversion subsystem includes a turbo unit 68, and the turbo unit 68 is supplied with air from the working environment through an air supply duct.

Further, the liquid turbine power generation subsystem comprises a liquid storage chamber 26, a second exchange chamber 22, a generator set 25, a temperature raising device 23 and a heat exchanger 24; the liquid storage chamber 26 is connected with the generator set 25, the generator set 25 is connected with the second exchange chamber 22, the second exchange chamber 22 is connected with the temperature raising device 23, and the temperature raising device 23 is connected with the heat exchanger 24; and the second exchange chamber 22 is connected with the working medium gas heating chamber 108; the liquid storage chamber 26 is communicated with the working environment of the working medium gas and has equal pressure; the heat exchanger 24 is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure vessel 10 by a communication pipeline.

Further, a heat exchanger 241 is included; the temperature raising device 16 is connected with the heat exchanger 15, the heat exchanger 15 is connected with the heat exchanger 241 through a pipeline, and the heat exchanger 241 is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 through a communicating pipeline.

Further, comprising:

an artificial second heat source subsystem; the artificial second heat source subsystem comprises an inverse Carnot cycle refrigerating system 12 and an artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30, and the cooled low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas is used as the artificial second heat source substance; the refrigeration compressor 120 of the reverse carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is installed inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure vessel 10, the evaporator 121 of the reverse carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is installed inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure vessel 10 and connected with the refrigeration compressor 120, and the radiator 141 of the reverse carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is installed in the working medium storage chamber 132 of the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30.

Further, comprising:

a gas compression cycle subsystem; the gas compression circulation subsystem comprises a gas compressor 11 and a heat-insulating partition plate 68, wherein an electromagnetic valve EV2 is arranged on the heat-insulating partition plate 68; the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30 is divided into a working medium temporary storage chamber 131 and a working medium storage chamber 132 by a heat insulating partition 68; the gas compressor 11 is connected with a working medium temporary storage chamber 131, and the working medium temporary storage chamber 131 is connected with a working medium storage chamber 132 through an electromagnetic valve EV 2; the gas compressor 11 presses the working medium gas into the working medium temporary storage chamber 131, opens the electromagnetic valve EV2 and discharges the working medium gas into the working medium storage chamber 132 as the artificial second heat source substance to absorb the heat of the radiator 141 and/or the heat exchanger 151, and presses the heat-absorbed working medium gas into the first exchange chamber 17.

Further, a gas working medium storage adjusting chamber 66 is included, and the gas working medium storage adjusting chamber 66 is connected with the gas compressor 11.

Further, the exhaust device 18 and the drain pump 81 are included, and the exhaust device 18 and the drain pump 81 are respectively electrically connected with the controller 28; the gas compressor 11, the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30, the first exchange chamber 17, and the second exchange chamber 22 are electrically connected to the controller 28, respectively.

In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, an unbalanced state multi-path circulation system of a power generation and heat engine system includes an unbalanced state working medium circulation subsystem and a multi-path circulation subsystem which are arranged in a high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40;

the non-equilibrium state working medium circulation subsystem comprises a heat insulation material working medium gas flowing heating chamber 108 arranged in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, the heat insulation material working medium gas flowing heating chamber 108 is provided with an opening, the opening is communicated with the inside of the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, and a high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109 is formed by the heat insulation material working medium gas flowing heating chamber 108 and the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40; a working medium gas heat-release chamber 71 made of heat-insulating materials is arranged in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, the heat-insulating working medium gas heat-release chamber 71 is provided with an opening, the opening is communicated with the inside of the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, and a high-pressure chamber heat-release area 710 is formed by the working medium gas heat-release chamber 71 and the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40; the area communicated with the high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109 and the high-pressure chamber heat-release area 710 in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is a high-pressure chamber low-temperature area 110; the temperature T1 of the high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109, the temperature T2 of the high-pressure chamber heat-release area 710 and the temperature T3 of the high-pressure chamber low-temperature area 110 are unequal in working medium gas circulation; the temperature probes are respectively arranged in the high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109, the high-pressure chamber heat-releasing area 710 and the high-pressure chamber low-temperature area 110, and are respectively electrically connected with the controller; a heat pump compressor 20 and a heat pump radiator 21 of the adjusting heat pump 39 are arranged in the working medium gas flow heating chamber 108, the heat pump radiator 21 is connected with the heat pump compressor 20, and the heat pump compressor 20 is connected with the external environment heat pump evaporator 19.

Optionally, the multi-path circulation subsystem comprises a working medium gas waste heat separation sub-circulation system and a working medium gas waste heat superposition sub-circulation system.

Optionally, the working medium gas waste heat separation sub-circulation system comprises a first exchange chamber 17 and a second exchange chamber 22, the first exchange chamber 17 is connected with one end of a temperature raising device 16, the other end of the temperature raising device 16 is connected with a heat exchanger 15, the heat exchanger 15 is connected with a heat exchanger 151 by using a pipeline, the heat exchanger 151 is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, and the heat exchanger 15 is installed in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40; the temperature raising device 16 raises the temperature of the working medium gas discharged from the first exchange chamber 17, discharges the working medium gas into the heat exchanger 15 after heat dissipation for heat exchange and heat release, discharges the working medium gas into the heat exchanger 151 by using a pipeline for heat exchange and heat release, and returns the working medium gas into the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 by using a pipeline;

the second exchange chamber 22 is connected with the exhauster 18, the exhauster 18 exhausts the working medium gas at the high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109 into the second exchange chamber 22, and downwards exhausts the liquid working medium in the second exchange chamber 22 into the liquid storage chamber 26 arranged in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, and the liquid storage chamber 26 is arranged in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 and is communicated with the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40; working medium gas in a high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109 in the second exchange chamber 22 is heated and radiated by the heating device 23, then discharged into the heat exchanger 24 for radiation, enters the heat exchanger 241 by using a pipeline for further heat exchange and cooling, flows into the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 by using a pipeline, and is cooled again by the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system 12;

the controller 28 is electrically connected with the gas compressor 11, the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30, the first exchange chamber 17 and the exhauster 18; the controller 28 is electrically connected to the second swap chamber 22 and the exhauster 18.

Optionally, the working medium gas waste heat superposition sub-circulation system comprises a low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, and the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is connected with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10; the refrigeration compressor 120 of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is installed inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, the evaporator 121 of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is installed inside the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 and connected with the refrigeration compressor 120, and the radiator 141 of the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is installed in the working medium storage chamber 132 of the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30;

the gas compressor 11 is installed in the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, the gas compressor 11 is connected with the evaporator 121, the gas compressor 11 is connected with the manual second heat source substance storage chamber 30, the manual second heat source substance storage chamber 30 is connected with the first exchange chamber 17, a free separation piston is arranged inside the first exchange chamber 17, and when the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas enters the first exchange chamber 17, the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas is pressed down by the free separation piston to be discharged into the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40.

Optionally, the system comprises a liquid storage chamber 26 and a low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 1001, wherein the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 1001 is communicated with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, a hydraulic wheel generator set 25 and a liquid storage pool 55 are arranged in the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 1001, the hydraulic wheel generator set 25 is connected with an energy storage facility 61, and the energy storage facility 61 is connected with a power distribution facility 62; the liquid reservoir 55 is connected to a drain pump 81, and the liquid in the liquid reservoir 55 is discharged into the second exchange chamber 22 via the drain pump 81 and is circulated into the liquid reservoir 26 by being pressed down by the high-temperature-region gas.

Optionally, an exhauster 18 is installed in the working medium gas flow heating chamber 108, the exhauster 18 is connected with the first exchange chamber 17, and the exhauster 18 exhausts the working medium gas at the high-pressure chamber high-temperature region 109 into the first exchange chamber 17.

Optionally, heat insulation interlayers are arranged around the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30 and the first exchange chamber 17; the second exchange chamber 22 and the working medium gas flow heating chamber 108 are all provided with heat insulation interlayers.

Optionally, a level sensor is disposed in reservoir 55 and a level sensor is disposed in second exchange chamber 22, both of which are electrically connected to controller 28.

Optionally, the free separation piston is made of a thermally insulating material.

Optionally, a heat insulation partition plate is arranged in the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30, and an electromagnetic valve is installed on the heat insulation partition plate, and the heat insulation partition plate divides the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30 into a working medium temporary storage chamber 131 and a working medium storage chamber 132.

The invention realizes non-equilibrium state circulation, namely heat exchange of working medium gas in equal pressure and unequal temperature states in the same closed space.

The working process and principle of the invention are as follows:

step 1, starting a main power supply, carrying out system self-inspection, detecting whether working pressure parameters, temperature parameters and the like are normal, prompting if the working pressure parameters, the temperature parameters and the like are abnormal, and starting a controller to start working if the working pressure parameters, the temperature parameters and the like are normal. Liquid working medium is added into the liquid storage chamber 26 through the liquid working medium injection valve, and optionally, the liquid working medium can be injected according to the liquid working quality about 30 times of the working flow of the liquid working medium. Working medium gas is injected into the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 through a gas working medium injection valve for prestoring, wherein the working medium gas can be inert gas with low specific heat capacity, low critical temperature, high saturation steam pressure and high critical pressure, such as krypton gas, argon gas and the like, the gas pressure in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is controlled to be about 8-10 Mpa when the working medium gas is injected, the power generation system is started to work until the injected working medium gas reaches the pressure of a low-temperature region of a high-pressure chamber of 5.5Mpa, the temperature is-63 ℃, the low-temperature low-pressure chamber is also filled with the working medium gas of-128 ℃ and 0.5Mpa, all the spaces are filled with the working medium gas, at the moment, the working medium gas is stopped to be injected, namely the working medium gas of the power generation system, namely, the temperature is initialized, the working medium gas quality under, the controller starts to control the system to work.

Firstly, the controller controls the hydro-turbine generator set 25 to open a liquid inlet valve of the hydro-turbine generator set, at the moment, the working medium gas in the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 can press the liquid in the liquid storage chamber 26 into the hydro-turbine set 252 to push the hydro-turbine to rotate under the pressure action, the hydro-turbine set 252 and the liquid storage chamber 26 can be arranged on the same plane, and a certain height difference can also be formed, so that the liquid in the liquid storage chamber 26 can be pressed into the hydro-turbine set 252 under the pressure environment of 8-10 Mpa when the liquid inlet valve is opened, and the rotation of the hydro-turbine is realized to drive the generator 251 to generate electricity.

Step 2, pushing the liquid rotated by the liquid turbine to enter a liquid storage tank 55 for accumulation, detecting the liquid level height of the liquid storage tank 55 through a liquid level detection sensor, when the liquid level height reaches a set value, opening a solenoid valve EV11 by a controller 28, at the moment, closing a solenoid valve EV9, a solenoid valve EV10 and a solenoid valve EV12 in an initial closing state, discharging the liquid in the liquid storage tank 55 to a second exchange chamber 22 through a liquid discharge pump 81 and filling the liquid, when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level height reaches the full level, closing the solenoid valve EV11 by the controller 28, opening a solenoid valve EV9 and a solenoid valve EV12, controlling an exhauster 18 by the controller 28 to discharge the high-pressure normal-temperature working medium gas in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 to the exchange cavity 22 of the liquid and the low-temperature gas, and controlling the liquid flow rate by utilizing the exhaust pressure after opening the solenoid valves EV9 and EV12, wherein the pressure, the liquid in the second exchange chamber 22 is completely discharged into the liquid storage chamber 26 by the self weight of the liquid, at this time, the liquid is mainly acted by the weight of the liquid to realize the backflow of the liquid to the liquid storage chamber 26, so the working energy consumption of the exhauster 18 is hardly consumed, the electric energy generated by the liquid turbine set is tested to meet all the electric energy consumed by the operation of the power generation heat engine system, more than 50% of net electric energy is output outwards (the part of electric energy is the electric energy converted from the heat energy stored in the gas working medium of the system), when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level is completely discharged, the first working cycle of the liquid working medium is realized at this time, the working medium gas in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 converts the contained heat energy into pressure potential energy, the liquid is pushed to drive the liquid turbine to rotate and is converted into mechanical energy, and then the electric energy is converted by the generator, and the purpose that the heat, the internal energy of the working medium gas is reduced, the temperature is reduced according to the law of energy conservation, and when the pressure potential energy of the working medium gas in the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is reduced to a set state of the system along with the continuous operation of the system, the working medium gas in the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 absorbs heat energy from the external environment and converts the heat energy into electric energy in the system, and the controller 28 enables the system to reach a dynamic balance state.

Step 3, the controller 28 controls the closing of the electromagnetic valve EV12 and the closing of the electromagnetic valve EV9, simultaneously controls the opening of the electromagnetic valve EV10, the working medium gas in the second exchange chamber 22 is discharged into the heating device 23 through the electromagnetic valve EV10, the temperature is raised in the heating device 23, the friction energy conversion is realized on the working medium gas by using the structural function of the heating device, the temperature is raised to be above 80 ℃, simultaneously, the pressure of the working medium gas in the heating device 23 is reduced, so that the working medium gas is easily discharged into the heat exchanger 24 for heat exchange, simultaneously, the heat is radiated to the periphery after the temperature of the heating device 23 is raised, the working medium gas in the high-temperature area 109 of the high-pressure chamber is heated, the temperature is raised, the working medium gas is cooled after the heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger 24, the cooled working medium gas is guided to the heat exchanger 241 for further heat exchange and then flows into, the temperature is reduced again by the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system, the temperature of the working medium gas can be reduced to about 128 ℃ below zero by utilizing the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system, and after the heat exchange is carried out on the heat exchanger 241, the working medium gas around the heat exchanger 241 is heated up due to the heat exchange effect. The heat is dissipated by multiple times of exchange, so that most of heat energy is remained in the container 40, the temperature of the working medium gas is reduced to be lower when the working medium gas enters the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, the waste heat absorbed by the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system is less, the power consumed by the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system is less, the purpose of energy saving is achieved, and meanwhile, the pressure in the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 is maintained in the dynamic balance of about 0.5 Mpa; meanwhile, a plurality of heat energy sources are provided in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, so that the working power consumption of the regulating heat pump 39 can be reduced.

And 4, when the temperature in the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 is below 128 ℃, the temperature state and the pressure state are greatly lower than the critical temperature and the critical pressure, and the gas pressure of the working medium gas is very low at the moment due to the characteristic of the working medium gas. The controller 28 controls the gas compressor 11 to work, the electromagnetic valve EV1 is opened simultaneously, the gas compressor 11 compresses low-temperature and low-pressure working medium gas subjected to temperature reduction for multiple times to the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30, the working medium temporary storage chamber 131 in the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30 is filled, the gas compressor 11 is pressed into the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber to save energy, the working medium gas is low-temperature and low-pressure at the moment, the working medium gas is pressed easily, and the effect of saving the energy consumption of the gas compressor is achieved. A partition plate is arranged in the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30, an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the partition plate, the artificial second heat source substance storage chamber 30 is divided into a working medium temporary storage chamber 131 and a working medium storage chamber 132, the working medium storage chamber 132 is used for absorbing waste heat generated when the reverse Carnot cycle system 12 works, the partition plate is used for performing insulation heat treatment, the gas compressor 11 maintains a set pressure condition, low-temperature and low-pressure working medium gas is compressed and then is compressed to increase the density and is pressed into the working medium temporary storage chamber 131 for temporary storage, the controller 28 controls the electromagnetic valve EV2 to be opened, the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium gas enters the working medium storage chamber 132, and when the pressure of the working medium temporary storage chamber 131 is equal to that of; the radiator 141 of the inverse carnot cycle refrigeration system installed in the working medium storage chamber 132 radiates the pressed low-temperature and low-pressure working medium gas, at this time, the working medium gas is a part of the artificial second heat source system, and because the temperature of the working medium gas is very low, the working medium gas can be used as a carrier for absorbing the heat released by the radiator 141 of the inverse carnot cycle system 12 (when the part of heat is in the low-temperature and low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, the absorbed waste heat contained after the working medium gas acts and the heat heated by processing can take away the waste heat contained after the working medium gas acts and then can be recycled, and because of the energy conservation reason), meanwhile, because the radiator 141 releases heat, the temperature of the working medium gas in the working medium storage chamber 132 is raised, and the pressure is increased.

The controller 28 controls the electromagnetic valve EV8 and the electromagnetic valve EV5 to be opened simultaneously, at the moment, both the EV6 and the EV7 are in an initial closing state, the first exchange chamber 17 is communicated with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, and the pressure of the upper part space of the free separation piston is equal to that of the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10. At the moment, because the electromagnetic valve EV8 is opened at the same time, the pressure of the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas after heat absorption is higher than that of the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas in the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, and the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas after heat absorption enters the first exchange chamber 17 to push the free separation piston to rise under the action of pressure difference, so that the circulating energy consumption is reduced. The working medium gas entering the first exchange chamber 17 is discharged into the heating device 16 through the electromagnetic valve EV5, the temperature is raised in the heating device 16, the friction energy conversion is realized on the working medium gas by using the structural function of the heating device, the temperature is raised to be over 80 ℃, the pressure of the working medium gas in the heating device 16 is reduced, the working medium gas is discharged into the heat exchanger 15 for heat exchange, the working medium gas in the high-temperature area 109 of the high-pressure chamber is heated to be raised, the working medium gas in the heat exchanger 15 is cooled, the working medium gas enters the heat exchanger 151 through a pipeline for further heat exchange, the working medium gas is guided into the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10 through a pipeline after being cooled again through the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system, and the temperature of the working medium gas can be reduced to about 128 ℃ below zero through the reverse Carnot cycle refrigeration system.

A position sensor is arranged in the first exchange chamber 17, because the upper part space of the free partition piston in the first exchange chamber 17 is communicated with the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, the pressure is the same, therefore, the free partition piston can be pushed to the top, when the position sensor detects that the free partition piston reaches the top position, the controller 28 closes the electromagnetic valve EV8, the controller 28 controls the electromagnetic valve EV5 to close, the electromagnetic valve EV6 and the electromagnetic valve EV7 are opened, at the moment, the controller 28 controls the exhauster 18 to discharge the working medium gas heated in the high-pressure chamber high-temperature area 109 in the working medium gas flowing heating chamber 108 into the first exchange chamber 17, the free partition piston is pushed to move downwards, at the temperature, the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas heated by the radiator 151 in the first exchange chamber 17 is discharged from the electromagnetic valve EV7 to enter the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, because the heat exchanger 24, the heat exchanger 15 and the regulating heat pump 39 raise the temperature of the high-pressure area 109 of the high-pressure chamber, and the temperature is equal to the high-pressure low-temperature area in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, the gas density is reduced, the exhauster 18 is pressed into the first exchange chamber 17 to push the piston to move downwards to do work, the low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas which is freely separated from the lower part of the piston and absorbs the waste heat is pushed out and enters the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, and the high-temperature gas and the low-temperature working medium gas are.

When entering the next cycle, the temperature of the discharged low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas absorbing the waste heat is lower than that of the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 (because the part of the working medium gas is the circulating working medium gas which releases most heat in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 when passing through the temperature raising device 16 and the heat exchanger 15, the temperature of the discharged low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas absorbing the waste heat is lower than that of the working medium gas in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40), so that the discharged low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas absorbing the waste heat can be in convection with the working medium gas in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, and the temperature in the.

The invention uses the electric energy generated by the hydraulic turbine set 25, and part of the electric energy is stored for the system to use and output net work to the outside, thereby achieving the purpose of generating electricity by using low-temperature heat energy. Specifically, the present invention converts the pressure potential energy of the working medium gas prestored in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 into mechanical energy, then converts the mechanical energy into electric energy, and simultaneously the working medium gas in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 reduces the temperature, and finally converts the heat energy into electric energy according to the law of energy conservation, so that the heat energy in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is reduced, and when the temperature is lower than the external environment temperature, the heat energy can be absorbed into the external environment, thereby achieving the purpose of converting the low-temperature heat energy in the environment into electric energy, in the embodiment of the present invention, krypton gas is used as the working medium, when the temperature of the high-pressure working medium gas in the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 in the system is reduced to about 63 ℃ below zero by the controller 28, the pressure is detected to be reduced from 8 to 10Mpa to about 5.5Mpa, the controller 28 continuously maintains the power generation system operating at approximately a dynamic equilibrium state. At this time, the temperature of the working medium gas in the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is far lower than the temperature of the external environment, and the working medium gas can be placed in any environment with the external environment height higher than about 63 ℃ below zero, and heat energy in the external environment is automatically absorbed through the heat exchange fins arranged around the high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40, so that the system is driven to continuously and circularly operate, and continuous power generation is realized.

By utilizing the characteristics of low critical temperature, high saturated vapor pressure, low specific heat capacity, high critical pressure and the like of the working medium gas and based on the working principle, the structural scheme and the operation mechanism of the invention, the application of the thermodynamic law, especially the second law of thermodynamics, can not spontaneously transfer heat from a low-temperature object to a high-temperature object, but can not spontaneously transfer from the object with low temperature to the object with high temperature, the invention utilizes the manual construction of a second heat source in a heat engine system to supplement and perfect the latter half of the second law of thermodynamics through a design scheme, the heat energy of the artificial second heat source can be transferred from the low-temperature object to the high-temperature object, and the system is designed, so that the second heat source artificially constructed in the heat engine system and natural substances of the external environment of the heat engine system can realize equivalent effect under certain conditions as the second heat source. The invention can absorb the heat energy in the external environment substance to reduce the temperature change in the external environment substance.

In the embodiment of the invention, a steam turbine set can be driven to expand to do work, a steam turbine drives a generator to generate electric power for output, low-pressure working medium gas which does work by the steam turbine enters circulation by being discharged into a low-temperature low-pressure working medium gas pressure container 10, and in the embodiment, when the steam turbine is used as a transducer for converting internal energy of the working medium gas into mechanical energy, the single-circulation thermoelectric efficiency is lower, so that the conversion efficiency of the steam turbine is generally lower than that of a liquid turbine; in the embodiment, the liquid working medium is injected into the liquid storage chamber 26 through the liquid working medium injection valve, the liquid storage chamber 26 is designed to be circular, the pressure is increased mainly, the use amount of the liquid can be reduced, the liquid is required to be free of corrosion, and the liquid is not solidified at the temperature of 128 ℃ below zero.

In the embodiment of the invention, the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container 40 is used for heating the high-temperature high-pressure working medium gas pressure container by ambient heat energy, the material of the wall of the cavity body has good heat conductivity, the inner wall and the outer wall of the high-pressure chamber are both provided with the heat transfer fins 26, the internal length of each heat transfer fin 26 preferably reaches about half of the height of the high-pressure chamber, and the ambient heat energy is transferred to the gas working medium of the high-temperature high-pressure working; the high pressure chamber wall material adopts low temperature resistant material, such as low temperature resistant nickel steel, and the like, and utilizes the characteristic that the low temperature resistant nickel steel still keeps structural strength at the temperature of below-zero 128 ℃, and is subjected to heat insulation layer treatment.

In the embodiment of the invention, different working medium gas and power designs and corresponding control programs of electromagnetic valve signals can be selected, so that the purpose of generating electricity by utilizing heat energy at lower temperature is realized, and the electricity is output outwards. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, krypton is used, the power of the regulation heat pump 39 is designed to be about 5% to 8% of the total electric power generated by the generator set 25 in the thermal power generation system of the present invention, the power of the reverse carnot cycle refrigeration system 12 is designed to be about 20% to 30% of the electric power generated by the generator set 25 in the thermal power generation system of the present invention, the power of the gas compressor 11 is designed to be about 5% to 8% of the electric power generated by the generator set 25 in the thermal power generation system of the present invention, the power of the exhaust fan 18 is designed to be about 2% to 3% of the electric power generated by the generator set 25 in the thermal power generation system of the present invention, and the power of the controller 28 and its auxiliary devices such as the electromagnetic valve is designed to be about 8%.

In the embodiment of the invention, the thermoelectric efficiency of a single working cycle of the working medium in the power generation system is generally 40%, and the waste heat, equivalent heat loss, frictional heat, heat leakage and the like contained in the working medium in the single working cycle of the working medium can be continuously recycled by the system, so that the high thermal efficiency is realized. In industrial and domestic waste heat power generation systems, lower-temperature waste heat can be utilized to generate power, the waste heat comprises domestic waste heat and industrial heat, the device can be used for generating power at the temperature of below 50 ℃, and the power consumption of working medium circulation is reduced by matching with the power generation system.

In the embodiments of the present invention, structures, features, and the like of the embodiments may be interchanged according to actual situations.

The system aspects of the invention, including the structural components and relationships of parts, design principles, method steps, and the like, are capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments within the scope of the claims appended hereto, and are capable of modification within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art, and replaced by equivalent features, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.