阅读说明：本技术 一种斯特林发动机结构 (Stirling engine structure ) 是由 万斌 郭向民 于 2020-07-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及发动机技术领域,公开了一种斯特林发动机结构,包括机座,机座的顶面设有四个缸孔,每个缸孔的上端均设有集热器组件,集热器组件包括缸套、集热器本体,每个缸套的开口端与缸孔的上端一一对应密封连接,每个缸孔的底部均设有密封组件,缸套、缸孔内的腔体形成缸腔,缸腔内填充有工质,每个缸腔内均设有活塞组件,缸腔被活塞组件分隔成膨胀腔、压缩腔,机座的下侧设有与活塞组件连接的连杆、曲轴；缸套内设有环形回热腔,集热器组件内设有介质通道,环形回热腔内设有回热器,缸孔内设有冷却器,冷却器的上端与环形回热腔连通,机座内设有导流通道。本发明具有结构简单、成本低、热利用率高的有益效果。(The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and discloses a Stirling engine structure which comprises a base, wherein the top surface of the base is provided with four cylinder holes, the upper end of each cylinder hole is provided with a heat collector assembly, each heat collector assembly comprises a cylinder sleeve and a heat collector body, the opening end of each cylinder sleeve is in one-to-one corresponding sealing connection with the upper end of the cylinder hole, the bottom of each cylinder hole is provided with a sealing assembly, cavities in the cylinder sleeve and the cylinder holes form a cylinder cavity, working media are filled in the cylinder cavity, a piston assembly is arranged in each cylinder cavity, the cylinder cavity is divided into an expansion cavity and a compression cavity by the piston assembly, and the lower side of the base is provided; an annular heat return cavity is arranged in the cylinder sleeve, a medium channel is arranged in the heat collector assembly, a heat regenerator is arranged in the annular heat return cavity, a cooler is arranged in the cylinder hole, the upper end of the cooler is communicated with the annular heat return cavity, and a flow guide channel is arranged in the engine base. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high heat utilization rate.)

1. A Stirling engine structure comprises a base and is characterized in that the top surface of the base is provided with four cylinder holes, the upper end of each cylinder hole is provided with a heat collector assembly, each heat collector assembly comprises a cylinder sleeve and a heat collector body, the opening end of each cylinder sleeve is in one-to-one corresponding sealing connection with the upper end of the cylinder hole, the bottom of each cylinder hole is provided with a sealing assembly, cavities in the cylinder sleeves and the cylinder holes form cylinder cavities, working media are filled in the cylinder cavities, each cylinder cavity is provided with a piston assembly, the cylinder cavities are divided into expansion cavities and compression cavities by the piston assemblies, and the lower side of the base is provided with a connecting rod and a crankshaft which are connected; the heat collector comprises a cylinder sleeve, a heat collector assembly and a base, wherein an annular heat return cavity is arranged in the cylinder sleeve, a medium channel for communicating the expansion cavity with the annular heat return cavity is arranged in the heat collector assembly, a heat regenerator is arranged in the annular heat return cavity, a cooler is arranged on the outer side of a piston assembly in the cylinder hole, the upper end of the cooler is communicated with the annular heat return cavity, and a flow guide channel for communicating the expansion cavity of one cylinder cavity with the compression cavity of the other cylinder cavity is further arranged in the base.

2. A stirling engine structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein the crankshaft is provided with four crank throws, the four crank throws corresponding to four phase angles evenly distributed along 360 °, and the four connecting rods are connected to the four crank throws of the crankshaft in one-to-one correspondence.

3. A stirling engine structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein each two piston assemblies are a group of power units, and the two groups of power units are arranged in a V-shape on both sides of the axis of the crankshaft; in the same group of power units, the lower end of a cooler in the first cylinder cavity is communicated with a compression cavity in the second cylinder cavity through a flow guide channel, and the lower end of the cooler in the second cylinder cavity is communicated with the compression cavity in the first cylinder cavity through another flow guide channel.

4. A stirling engine structure in accordance with claim 3 wherein the angle between the two sets of power cells is between 10 ° and 45 °.

5. A stirling engine structure according to claim 1, wherein said heat collector body comprises a base and a plurality of heat pipes, an inner passage and an outer passage are provided in said base, one end of each heat pipe is communicated with the inner passage, and the other end of each heat pipe is communicated with the outer passage; the expansion cavity in the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the inner channel through an inner medium hole, and the annular expansion cavity in the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the outer channel through an outer medium hole.

6. A Stirling engine according to claim 5, wherein the base and cylinder sleeve are of one piece construction, the base is of fan configuration and the bases of the four collector assemblies are joined end to form a complete circle.

7. A Stirling engine according to claim 5, wherein said heat pipes are of a U-shaped configuration, and a plurality of heat conducting fins are provided between said heat pipes.

8. A stirling engine structure in accordance with claim 1, wherein said working fluid is gaseous, and said gaseous working fluid is hydrogen or helium.

9. A stirling engine structure according to claim 1, wherein the piston assembly comprises a piston body and a piston rod, the piston body comprises a piston seat and a piston top, the open end of the piston top is fixedly connected with the upper end of the piston seat, a medium cavity is arranged in the piston top, the center of the piston seat is fixedly connected with the piston rod, and the lower end of the piston rod is provided with a connecting rod seat connected with the connecting rod.

10. A stirling engine in accordance with claim 9, wherein the upper end of the piston seat is provided with a thermally insulating support plate inside the piston crown, the thermally insulating support plate dividing the medium chamber into an upper thermally insulating chamber and a lower thermally insulating chamber; and the inner wall of the piston top, the upper side face and the lower side face of the heat insulation supporting plate are respectively provided with a heat insulation coating.

11. A stirling engine structure according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the piston seat is provided with two guide rings on its circumferential surface, and two seal grooves are provided on the circumferential surface of the piston seat between the two guide rings, each seal groove being provided with a seal ring.

12. A stirling engine structure according to claim 11, wherein a support ring is provided between the bottom of the seal groove and the inner ring of the seal ring.

13. A stirling engine structure in accordance with claim 9, wherein the piston rod is provided at an upper end thereof with a center hole, the upper end of the center hole communicates with the medium chamber, and an air inlet hole for external air supply is provided at a lower end side of the center hole.

14. A stirling engine structure according to claim 13, wherein a heat insulating support plate is provided at the upper end of the piston seat inside the piston crown, the heat insulating support plate dividing the medium chamber into an upper support chamber and a lower support chamber, and the heat insulating support plate is provided with a through hole for communicating the upper support chamber and the lower expansion chamber.

15. A stirling engine in accordance with claim 14, wherein the inner and outer walls of the piston crown and the top and bottom surfaces of the thermally insulating support plate are provided with corrosion resistant coatings.

16. A stirling engine structure according to claim 13, 14 or 15, wherein the sealing member is fitted over the piston rod, the piston rod is slidably connected to the sealing member, the side surface of the sealing member is provided with a side air hole communicating with the air inlet hole, and the side surface of the engine base is provided with an air inlet joint communicating with the side air hole.

17. A stirling engine structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the circumferential surface of the piston seat is provided with two sealing grooves, each sealing groove is provided with a sealing ring, the circumferential surface of the piston seat between the sealing rings is provided with an annular air receiver, and the bottom of the annular air receiver is provided with a drainage hole communicated with the medium chamber.

18. A stirling engine structure according to claim 17, wherein there are two sealing rings in each sealing groove, a support ring is provided between the bottom of the sealing groove and the inner ring of the sealing ring, and a guide ring is provided on the circumferential surface of the piston seat outside the sealing ring.

19. A stirling engine in accordance with claim 16, wherein the seal assembly comprises a seal holder and a seal end cap fixed to the upper end of the seal holder, the seal holder is provided with a diversion chamber, the air inlet hole of the piston rod is communicated with the diversion chamber, and the side air hole is communicated with the diversion chamber.

20. A stirling engine structure in accordance with claim 19, wherein the side of the sealing seat is provided with a connecting passage which communicates with the top surface of the end cap, one end of the connecting passage communicates with the flow guide passage in the engine base, and the other end of the connecting passage communicates with the compression chamber in the corresponding cylinder chamber.

21. A stirling engine structure according to claim 19, wherein the upper end of the flow guide chamber is provided with an upper pressing sleeve, the lower end of the flow guide chamber is provided with a lower pressing sleeve, a lower sealing ring is provided in the lower pressing sleeve, a lower pressing ring is provided on the upper side of the lower sealing ring, an upper sealing ring is provided on the upper end of the upper pressing sleeve, and a pressing spring is provided between the upper pressing sleeve and the lower pressing ring.

22. A stirling engine in accordance with claim 19, wherein the inner bore of the sealing mount has an internal annular groove, the sides of the sealing mount further having oil injection holes communicating with the internal annular groove, the piston rod being in clearance fit with the inner bore of the sealing mount.

23. A stirling engine structure in accordance with claim 1 wherein the crankshaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the engine base by a bearing block, the bottom of the engine base further comprising a bottom casing, a closed oil reservoir is formed between the bottom casing and the engine base, and lubricating oil is provided in the oil reservoir.

24. A stirling engine structure according to claim 1, wherein the cooler includes an annular cooler body, an annular cooling chamber is provided in the cooler body, a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet communicating with the annular cooling chamber are provided on an outer side of the cooler body, and a medium pipe penetrating the annular cooling chamber is provided between both ends of the cooler body.

25. A stirling engine in accordance with claim 24, wherein the cooler body is provided with sealing rings at both outer ends thereof and with positioning bosses on the outer side thereof.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a Stirling engine structure.

Background

The stirling engine was invented in 1816 by robusts stirling, a physicist of the united kingdom, and was therefore named "stirling engine". The stirling engine is also called a heat engine because a piston is pushed to do work by pressure difference generated by thermal expansion and heat release contraction of a working medium (hydrogen, nitrogen or helium) in a cylinder, so that heat energy is converted into mechanical energy to be output. The stirling engine is an "external combustion" type engine that generally operates at an efficiency intermediate between that of a gasoline engine and that of a diesel engine. The fuel of the Stirling engine is selected widely, basically comprises any heat source capable of generating heat, and can be liquid, gaseous or solid fuel, such as solar energy and biomass energy, and various oil gases, industrial waste heat and the like which can be used as the heat source of the Stirling engine, and the purity requirement on the fuel is low, so that the applicable scene is wide, and the cost is low; in addition, the Stirling engine works with low emission and low noise, and is a lower-carbon power technology.

The existing common Stirling engine is complex in structure and inconvenient to maintain, and a cooler, a heat regenerator and the like in the Stirling engine are usually split and externally arranged, so that the number of whole parts is large, the cost is high, the installation and maintenance are complex, the cost is high, the engine is large in size and weight, the heat loss is large, and the efficiency is low; for example, the application number is CN2013106134289, and the application date is 2013, 11 and 27, which discloses a piston assembly for a stirling engine, the stirling engine disclosed in fig. 1 of the patent is cooled and exchanged heat through an external cooler and a heat regenerator, the whole volume is large, and various external pipelines easily cause heat loss, thereby reducing the heat conversion efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of the Stirling engine in the prior art, the invention provides the Stirling engine structure which is simple and compact in structure, convenient to maintain, small in size and high in heat utilization rate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a Stirling engine structure comprises a base, wherein four cylinder holes are formed in the top surface of the base, a heat collector assembly is arranged at the upper end of each cylinder hole, each heat collector assembly comprises a cylinder sleeve and a heat collector body, the open end of each cylinder sleeve is in one-to-one corresponding sealing connection with the upper end of each cylinder hole, a sealing assembly is arranged at the bottom of each cylinder hole, a cylinder cavity is formed by the cylinder sleeve and a cavity in each cylinder hole, working media are filled in the cylinder cavity, a piston assembly is arranged in each cylinder cavity, each cylinder cavity is divided into an expansion cavity and a compression cavity by the piston assembly, and a connecting rod and a crankshaft which are connected with the piston assembly; the heat collector comprises a cylinder sleeve, a heat collector assembly and a base, wherein an annular heat return cavity is arranged in the cylinder sleeve, a medium channel for communicating the expansion cavity with the annular heat return cavity is arranged in the heat collector assembly, a heat regenerator is arranged in the annular heat return cavity, a cooler is arranged on the outer side of a piston assembly in the cylinder hole, the upper end of the cooler is communicated with the annular heat return cavity, and a flow guide channel for communicating the expansion cavity of one cylinder cavity with the compression cavity of the other cylinder cavity is further arranged in the base. According to the Stirling engine, the heat regenerator and the cooler are integrated on the periphery of the piston assembly, and the flow guide channel is directly integrated in the engine base, so that a peripheral gas circuit is omitted, heat loss in a peripheral pipeline is reduced, and the heat utilization rate is improved; meanwhile, the whole structure is more simplified, the size is small, and the assembly and maintenance are more convenient.

Preferably, four crank throws are arranged on the crankshaft, the four crank throws correspond to four phase angles which are uniformly distributed along 360 degrees respectively, and the four connecting rods are connected with the four crank throws on the crankshaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner. Four connecting rods correspond to four crank throws on the crankshaft, and the power output of the crankshaft is more stable.

Preferably, every two piston assemblies are a group of power units, and the two groups of power units are distributed on two sides of the axis of the crankshaft in a V shape; in the same group of power units, the lower end of a cooler in a first cylinder cavity is communicated with a compression cavity in a second cylinder cavity through a flow guide channel, and the lower end of a cooler in the second cylinder cavity is communicated with the cold end in the first cylinder cavity through another flow guide channel. The internal gas circuits of the two groups of power units are mutually independent, and even if gas in one group of power units leaks, the other power unit is not influenced, so that the stability is improved.

Preferably, the included angle of the two groups of power units is 10-45 degrees.

Preferably, the heat collector body comprises a base and a plurality of heat pipes, an inner channel and an outer channel are arranged in the base, one ends of the heat pipes are communicated with the inner channel, and the other ends of the heat pipes are communicated with the outer channel; the expansion cavity in the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the inner channel through an inner medium hole, and the annular heat regeneration cavity in the cylinder sleeve is communicated with the outer channel through an outer medium hole. The heat pipe is used for absorbing external heat (heat sources such as solar heat source, geothermal energy and biomass energy), the heat source heats the expansion cavity through the heat collector, the cylinder sleeve and the heat collector body are integrated together, the heat regenerator is integrated in the cylinder sleeve, and the whole sealing performance and the stability are obviously improved.

Preferably, the base and the cylinder sleeve are of an integrated structure, the base is of a fan-shaped structure, and the peripheries of the bases of the four heat collector assemblies are connected to form a whole circle. The base and the cylinder sleeve are designed into a whole, so that the assembly is omitted, and the air tightness is improved; the four heat collector assemblies are encircled into a whole circle, so that the whole volume is small, and on the other hand, when the heat collector assemblies are heated by an external heat source, the heat collector assemblies can absorb heat more easily and have small heat loss.

Preferably, the heat pipes are of a U-shaped structure, and a plurality of heat conduction fins are arranged between the heat pipes. The heat conductive fins increase the heat absorbing surface area (i.e., heat transfer area) of the collector assembly, thereby also increasing overall strength.

Preferably, the working medium is a gaseous working medium, and the gaseous working medium is hydrogen or helium.

Preferably, the piston assembly comprises a piston body and a piston rod, the piston body comprises a piston seat and a piston top, the open end of the piston top is fixedly connected with the upper end of the piston seat, a medium cavity is arranged in the piston top, the center of the piston seat is fixedly connected with the piston rod, and the lower end of the piston rod is provided with a connecting rod seat connected with the connecting rod. The medium cavity in the piston top plays a role in heat insulation, and the heat greatly weakened in the expansion cavity is directly transferred to the compression cavity through the piston body.

Preferably, a heat insulation support plate is arranged at the upper end of the piston seat and positioned in the piston top, and the heat insulation support plate divides the medium cavity into an upper heat insulation cavity and a lower heat insulation cavity; and the inner wall of the piston top, the upper side face and the lower side face of the heat insulation supporting plate are respectively provided with a heat insulation coating. The heat insulation supporting plate increases the supporting strength of the joint of the piston top and the piston seat on one hand, and on the other hand, divides the medium cavity into two cavities, improves the heat insulation performance through the upper heat insulation cavity and the lower heat insulation cavity, and weakens the transmission of heat in the heat cavity to the compression cavity through the piston top and the piston seat.

Preferably, the circumferential surface of the piston seat is provided with two guide rings, two seal grooves are formed in the circumferential surface of the piston seat between the two guide rings, and each seal groove is internally provided with a seal ring. The guide ring plays a guiding role in the movement of the piston seat, and the sealing rings in the two sealing grooves play a sealing role in preventing gas in the expansion cavity from entering the compression cavity through the gap of the piston seat.

Preferably, a support ring is arranged between the bottom of the seal groove and the inner ring of the seal ring. The support ring is used to support the sealing ring, thereby ensuring a good sealing of the sealing ring.

Preferably, the upper end of the piston rod is provided with a central hole, the upper end of the central hole is communicated with the medium cavity, and the side face of the lower end of the central hole is provided with an air inlet hole for external air supply. An external air source supplies air to the medium cavity through the air inlet hole and the central hole, so that the air pressure in the medium cavity reaches rated air pressure, and the air pressure is consistent with that in the expansion cavity, thereby preventing pressure difference between the inner wall and the outer wall of the piston top and prolonging the service life of the piston assembly.

Preferably, the upper end of the piston seat is provided with a heat insulation support plate in the piston top, the heat insulation support plate divides the medium cavity into an upper support cavity and a lower support cavity, and the heat insulation support plate is provided with a through hole for communicating the upper support cavity and the lower support cavity. The heat insulation supporting plate plays a role in strengthening and supporting the joint of the piston top and the piston seat, and meanwhile the lower supporting cavity also plays a certain heat insulation effect, so that the heat of the upper supporting cavity is weakened to be transferred to the piston seat.

Preferably, the inner wall and the outer wall of the piston top and the top surface and the bottom surface of the heat insulation supporting plate are provided with corrosion-resistant coatings. The corrosion-resistant coating increases the service life of the piston crown.

Preferably, the sealing assembly is sleeved on the piston rod, the piston rod is connected with the sealing assembly in a sliding mode, a side air hole communicated with the air inlet hole is formed in the side face of the sealing assembly, and an air inlet connector communicated with the side air hole is formed in the side face of the base. And the external air path supplies air to the air inlet on the piston rod through the air inlet connector and the side air hole.

Preferably, two sealing grooves are formed in the circumferential surface of the piston seat, a sealing ring is arranged in each sealing groove, an annular gas storage groove is formed in the portion, located between the sealing rings, of the circumferential surface of the piston seat, and a drainage hole communicated with the medium cavity is formed in the bottom of the annular gas storage groove. The gas in the medium cavity enters the annular gas outlet groove through the drainage hole, so that a gas film is formed between the sealing ring and the inner wall of the cylinder cavity, and the moving friction force of the piston seat is reduced; meanwhile, the air pressure in the annular air storage groove plays a supporting role on the side face of the sealing ring, the air pressure in the expansion cavity and the compression cavity is used for balancing the unilateral acting force of the air pressure on the sealing ring, and the service life of the sealing ring is prolonged.

Preferably, the number of the sealing rings in each sealing groove is two, a support ring is arranged between the bottom of each sealing groove and the inner ring of each sealing ring, and a guide ring is arranged on the circumferential surface of the piston seat and positioned on the outer side of each sealing ring. The two sealing rings are matched for use, so that the sealing performance is further improved.

Preferably, the sealing assembly comprises a sealing seat and a sealing end cover fixed to the upper end of the sealing seat, a flow guide cavity is formed in the sealing seat, an air inlet hole in the piston rod is communicated with the flow guide cavity, and the side air hole is communicated with the flow guide cavity. The seal assembly is slidably sealed to the piston rod while isolating the compression chamber from the exterior (oil chamber).

Preferably, the side surface of the sealing seat is provided with a connecting channel communicated with the top surface of the sealing end cover, one end of the connecting channel is communicated with the flow guide channel in the machine base, and the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with the compression cavity in the corresponding cylinder cavity. The sealing assembly has a sealing function on one hand, and is communicated with the medium channel on the other hand for realizing medium exchange in the same group of power units.

Preferably, the upper end of the flow guide cavity is provided with an upper pressing sleeve, the lower end of the flow guide cavity is provided with a lower pressing sleeve, a lower sealing ring is arranged in the lower pressing sleeve, a lower pressing ring is arranged on the upper side of the lower sealing ring, an upper sealing ring is arranged at the upper end of the upper pressing sleeve, and a pressure spring is arranged between the upper pressing sleeve and the lower pressing ring. A gap is formed between the outer wall of the lower pressing sleeve and the inner wall of the flow guide cavity and is used for communicating the side air hole with the flow guide cavity; the upper sealing ring and the lower sealing ring are used for realizing sliding sealing between the piston rod and the sealing component.

Preferably, an inner annular groove is formed in the inner hole of the sealing seat, a plurality of oil injection holes communicated with the inner annular groove are further formed in the side face of the sealing seat, and the piston rod is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the sealing seat.

Preferably, the crankshaft is rotatably connected with the bottom of the base through a bearing seat, a bottom shell is further arranged at the bottom of the base, a closed oil storage cavity is formed between the bottom shell and the base, and lubricating oil is arranged in the oil storage cavity. An oil way is arranged in the base, the oil filling hole is communicated with the oil way in the base, lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity is pumped into the oil way in the base through an external oil pump, the lubricating oil is sprayed into the inner annular groove from the oil filling hole and then flows back into the oil storage cavity from the gap between the piston rod and the inner hole of the sealing seat, and the oil is subjected to circular lubrication and heat dissipation.

Preferably, the cooler comprises an annular cooler body, an annular cooling cavity is arranged in the cooler body, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet which are communicated with the annular cooling cavity are formed in the outer side of the cooler body, and a medium pipe penetrating through the annular cooling cavity is arranged between the two ends of the cooler body. The piston seat is located the cooler body and slides along the inner wall of cooler body, and the cooler passes through the cooling tube on the frame to be connected with outside cooling system to directly cool off the compression chamber, cooling efficiency is high.

Preferably, the two ends of the outer side of the cooler body are provided with sealing rings, and the outer side of the cooler body is provided with a positioning boss. The cooler is matched with the piston seat to form a compression cavity, so that the cooler is integrated into a medium pipeline, the sealing ring improves the installation sealing performance of the cooler, and the positioning convex ring is convenient for the positioning installation of the cooler.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the cooling gas path and the heat return gas path are integrated to the periphery (in the engine base) of the piston assembly, so that a peripheral gas path is omitted, the heat loss of the peripheral gas path is reduced, and the heat utilization rate is improved; (2) the integration level is high, the whole structure is simple and compact, the volume is small, the maintenance is convenient, and the cost is low; (3) the four piston assemblies are divided into two groups of independent power units, and the power units are stable in performance and stable in power output; (4) the heat collector and the cylinder sleeve are integrated together to serve as a heat collector assembly, so that the assembly of parts is reduced, and meanwhile, the good integral sealing is ensured, and the air leakage is not easy to occur; (5) the annular gas storage groove between the sealing rings on the piston seat is filled with gas to form a gas film, so that the frictional resistance of the sealing rings is reduced, the internal and external pressure difference of the sealing rings is balanced, and the service life of the sealing rings is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a right side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an exploded view of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the heat collector assembly and the piston assembly.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B in fig. 5.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the connection of the piston assembly, connecting rod and crankshaft.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the stand.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a heat collector assembly.

FIG. 10 is a bottom view of the collector assembly.

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the piston assembly.

Fig. 13 is a first embodiment of a piston body.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken at D-D in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 shows a second embodiment of the piston body.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken at E-E of fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a partially enlarged view of F in fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the structure of the seal assembly.

Fig. 19 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of the cooler.

Fig. 21 is a sectional view taken at G-G in fig. 20.

Fig. 22 is a sectional view taken at H-H in fig. 20.

In the figure: the engine base 1, the cylinder hole 100, the flow guide channel 101, the air inlet joint 102, the lubricating oil path 103 and the filter 104;

the heat collector comprises a heat collector assembly 2, a cylinder sleeve 200, a heat collector body 201, an annular regenerative cavity 202, a base 203, heat pipes 204, an inner channel 205, an outer channel 206, an inner medium hole 207, an outer medium hole 208 and heat-conducting fins 209;

the sealing assembly 3, the sealing seat 30, the side air hole 300, the flow guide cavity 301, the connecting channel 302, the inner annular groove 303, the oil filling hole 304 sealing end cover 31, the upper pressing sleeve 32, the lower pressing sleeve 33, the lower sealing ring 34, the lower pressing ring 35, the upper sealing ring 36 and the pressure spring 37;

the piston assembly 4, the piston body 40, the piston seat 400, the guide ring 4001, the sealing groove 4002, the sealing ring 4003, the support ring 4004, the annular gas storage groove 4005, the drainage hole 4006, the piston top 401, the medium cavity 402, the upper heat insulation cavity 4020, the lower heat insulation cavity 4021, the upper support cavity 4022, the lower support cavity 4023, the heat insulation support plate 403, the through hole 4030, the piston rod 41, the central hole 410, the gas inlet hole 411 and the connecting rod seat 42;

the device comprises an expansion cavity 5, a compression cavity 6, a crankshaft 7, a crank throw 70, a connecting rod 8, a bearing seat 9, a bottom shell 10, an oil storage cavity 11 and a heat regenerator 12;

cooler 13, cooler body 130, annular cooling chamber 131, coolant inlet 132, coolant outlet 133, medium pipe 134, sealing washer 135, location boss 136, cooling tube 14, power unit 15.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:

the stirling engine structure shown in fig. 1-8 comprises a base 1, wherein the top surface of the base 1 is provided with four cylinder holes 100, the upper end of each cylinder hole 100 is provided with a heat collector assembly 2, the heat collector assembly 2 comprises a cylinder sleeve 200 and a heat collector body 201, the open end of each cylinder sleeve 200 is in one-to-one corresponding sealing connection with the upper end of the cylinder hole 100, the bottom of each cylinder hole 100 is provided with a sealing assembly 3, a cylinder cavity is formed by the cylinder sleeve and a cavity body in the cylinder hole, the cylinder cavity is filled with a working medium, the working medium is a gaseous working medium, and the gaseous working medium is hydrogen or helium; piston assembly 4 is all equipped with in every jar intracavity, and the jar chamber is separated into expansion chamber 5, compression chamber 6 by piston assembly, and the downside of frame 1 is equipped with bent axle 7, and piston assembly 4's lower extreme passes through connecting rod 8 to be connected with bent axle 7, and bent axle 7 rotates through the bottom of bearing frame 9 with frame 1 to be connected, and the bottom of frame still is equipped with drain pan 10, forms confined oil storage chamber 11 between drain pan and the frame, is equipped with lubricating oil or coolant oil in the oil storage chamber.

As shown in fig. 3, 9, 10 and 11, an annular regenerative cavity 202 is arranged in the cylinder sleeve 200, a regenerator 12 is arranged in the annular regenerative cavity 202, a medium channel for communicating the expansion cavity 5 with the annular regenerative cavity 202 is arranged in the heat collector assembly 2, the heat collector body 201 includes a base 203 and a plurality of heat pipes 204, the base 203 and the cylinder sleeve 200 are of an integrated structure, the base is of a fan-shaped structure, the bases 203 of the four heat collector assemblies 2 are connected end to form a whole circle, an inner channel 205 and an outer channel 206 are arranged in the base 203, the heat pipes 204 are of a U-shaped structure, one ends of the heat pipes are communicated with the inner channel 205, and the other ends of the heat pipes are; the expansion cavity 5 in the cylinder sleeve 200 is communicated with the inner channel 205 through an inner medium hole 207, and the annular regenerative cavity in the cylinder sleeve 200 is communicated with the outer channel 206 through an outer medium hole 208; the inner medium hole 207, the inner channel 205, the heat pipe 204, the outer channel 206 and the outer medium hole 208 form a medium channel, and a plurality of heat conduction fins 209 are arranged among the heat pipes 204.

A cooler 13 is arranged on the outer side of the piston assembly in the cylinder hole 100, the upper end of the cooler 13 is communicated with an annular regenerative cavity 202, and a flow guide channel 101 for communicating an expansion cavity of one cylinder cavity with a compression cavity of the other cylinder cavity is also arranged in the engine base 1; cooling pipes 14 for supplying cooling fluid to the cooler are provided on both sides of the housing.

As shown in fig. 20, 21 and 22, the cooler 13 includes an annular cooler body 130, an annular cooling cavity 131 is provided in the cooler body 130, a cooling liquid inlet 132 and a cooling liquid outlet 133 which are communicated with the annular cooling cavity are provided on the outer side of the cooler body 130, and a medium pipe 134 which penetrates through the annular cooling cavity is provided between the two ends of the cooler body; the outer ends of the cooler body 131 are provided with sealing rings 135, and the outer side of the cooler body is provided with a positioning boss 136. The cooler is installed in the cylinder bore in the state shown in fig. 3, the lower ends of all the medium tubes in the cooler are communicated with the flow guide passage 101, and the upper ends of all the medium tubes in the cooler are communicated with the regenerator.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the crankshaft 7 is provided with four crank throws 70, the four crank throws correspond to four phase angles uniformly distributed along 360 degrees, respectively, and the four connecting rods are connected with the four crank throws on the crankshaft in a one-to-one correspondence manner, for example, when the phase angle of one crank throw is 0 degree, the phase angles of the other three crank throws are 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees, respectively; every two piston assemblies are a group of power units 15, the two groups of power units 15 are distributed on two sides of the axis of the crankshaft 7 in a V shape, the included angle of the two groups of power units is 10-45 degrees, the phase angle difference of two cranks connected with the two piston assemblies in the same group of power units is 90 degrees, in the same group of power units, the lower end of a cooler in a first cylinder cavity is communicated with a compression cavity in a second cylinder cavity through a flow guide channel 101, the lower end of the cooler in the second cylinder cavity is communicated with a cold end in the first cylinder cavity through another flow guide channel, namely, the air passages in the two groups of power units are mutually independent, and even if gas in one group of power units leaks, the other group of power units cannot be influenced.

As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14, a first embodiment of the piston assembly: the piston assembly 4 comprises a piston body 40 and a piston rod 41, the piston body 40 comprises a piston seat 400 and a piston top 401, the open end of the piston top 401 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the piston seat 400, a medium cavity 402 is arranged in the piston top 401, the center of the piston seat 400 is fixedly connected with the piston rod 41, the piston rod 41 penetrates through the sealing assembly 3, and the lower end of the piston rod 41 is provided with a connecting rod seat 42 connected with the connecting rod 8; the upper end of the piston seat 400 is provided with a heat insulation support plate 403 in the piston top, the heat insulation support plate 403 divides the medium cavity 402 into an upper heat insulation cavity 4020 and a lower heat insulation cavity 4021, the inner wall of the piston top, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat insulation support plate are respectively provided with a heat insulation coating, the circumferential surface of the piston seat 400 is provided with two guide rings 4001, the circumferential surface of the piston seat 400 between the two guide rings is provided with two sealing grooves 4002, each sealing groove is internally provided with a sealing ring 4003, and a support ring 4004 is arranged between the bottom of the sealing groove 4002 and the inner ring of the sealing ring.

Fig. 12, 15, 16 and 17 show a second embodiment of the piston assembly: the piston assembly 4 comprises a piston body 40 and a piston rod 41, the piston body 40 comprises a piston seat 400 and a piston top 401, the open end of the piston top 401 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the piston seat 400, a medium cavity 402 is arranged in the piston top 401, the center of the piston seat 400 is fixedly connected with the piston rod 41, the piston rod 41 penetrates through the sealing assembly 3, and the lower end of the piston rod 41 is provided with a connecting rod seat 42 connected with the connecting rod 8; a heat insulation support plate 403 is arranged at the upper end of the piston seat 400 in the piston top, the medium cavity 402 is divided into an upper support cavity 4022 and a lower support cavity 4023 by the heat insulation support plate 403, and a through hole 4030 for communicating the upper support cavity and the lower heat insulation cavity is arranged on the heat insulation support plate 403; the upper end of the piston rod 41 is provided with a central hole 410, the upper end of the central hole is communicated with the medium cavity, the side surface of the lower end of the central hole 410 is provided with an air inlet hole 411 for external air supply, and the inner wall and the outer wall of the piston top 401 and the top surface and the bottom surface of the heat insulation support plate 403 are both provided with corrosion-resistant coatings; two sealing grooves 4002 are arranged on the circumferential surface of the piston seat 400, a sealing ring 4003 is arranged in each sealing groove 4002, two sealing rings 4003 are arranged in each sealing groove 4002, a support ring 4004 is arranged between the bottom of each sealing groove 4002 and the inner ring of each sealing ring, and a guide ring 4001 is arranged on the outer side of the sealing ring on the circumferential surface of the piston seat 400; as shown in fig. 17, an annular gas groove 4005 is provided on the circumferential surface of the piston holder 400 between the seal rings, and a drainage hole 4006 communicating with the medium chamber is provided at the bottom of the annular gas groove 4005. The piston assembly 4 in this embodiment adopts the second embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3, 14, 18 and 19, the sealing assembly 3 is sleeved on the piston rod 41, the piston rod is connected with the sealing assembly in a sliding manner, a side air hole 300 communicated with the air inlet hole 411 is formed in the side surface of the sealing assembly 3, and an air inlet joint 102 communicated with the side air hole is formed in the side surface of the machine base 1; the sealing assembly 3 comprises a sealing seat 30 and a sealing end cover 31 fixed with the upper end of the sealing seat, a flow guide cavity 301 is arranged in the sealing seat 30, a side air hole 300 on the sealing seat is communicated with the flow guide cavity 301, and an air inlet 411 on the piston rod 41 is communicated with the flow guide cavity;

an upper pressing sleeve 32 is arranged at the upper end of the flow guide cavity 301, a lower pressing sleeve 33 is arranged at the lower end of the flow guide cavity, a gap exists between the outer wall of the lower pressing sleeve and the inner wall of the flow guide cavity and is used for communicating a side air hole with the flow guide cavity, a lower sealing ring 34 is arranged in the lower pressing sleeve 33, a lower pressing ring 35 is arranged on the upper side of the lower sealing ring 34, an upper sealing ring 36 is arranged at the upper end of the upper pressing sleeve 32, a pressure spring 37 is arranged between the upper pressing sleeve and the lower pressing ring, and a piston rod 41 sequentially penetrates through the upper sealing ring;

the side surface of the sealing seat 30 is provided with a connecting channel 302 communicated with the top surface of the sealing end cover, one end of the connecting channel 302 is communicated with the flow guide channel 101 in the machine base, and the other end of the connecting channel is communicated with the compression cavity in the corresponding cylinder cavity;

an inner annular groove 303 is formed in the inner hole of the sealing seat 30, a plurality of oil filling holes 304 communicated with the inner annular groove are formed in the side face of the sealing seat 30, and the piston rod 41 is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the sealing seat 30.

The principle of the invention is as follows with reference to the attached drawings: in two cylinder cavities in the same group of power units, an expansion cavity of a first cylinder cavity is communicated with a compression cavity in a second cylinder cavity through a medium channel, a heat regenerator, a cooler, a flow guide channel and a connecting channel, and an expansion cavity in a second cylinder cavity is communicated with the compression cavity in the first cylinder cavity sequentially through the medium channel, the heat regenerator, the cooler, the flow guide channel and the connecting channel; the heat collector component is heated by a heat source (the heat source can be solar energy, geothermal energy, heat energy in boiler tail gas, heat energy generated by waste incineration and the like), in an initial state, a gas working medium in an expansion cavity in a first cylinder cavity absorbs heat to expand and then pushes a corresponding piston component to move downwards, the volume of the expansion cavity in the first cylinder cavity is increased (the volume of a compression cavity is reduced), when the volume of the expansion cavity in the first cylinder cavity reaches the maximum, the working medium in the compression cavity in the first cylinder cavity is in a low-temperature high-pressure state at the moment, the working medium in the compression cavity in a second cylinder cavity is in a low-temperature low-pressure state, because the compression cavity in the first cylinder cavity is communicated with the expansion cavity in the second cylinder cavity, the low-temperature high-pressure working medium enters the expansion cavity in the second cylinder cavity to absorb heat to expand, and then pushes a piston component in the second cylinder cavity to move downwards, and simultaneously the piston component, at the moment, the working medium in the compression cavity in the second cylinder cavity is in a low-temperature and high-pressure state, and the reciprocating circulation realizes the alternate motion of the two piston assemblies; because the power units are provided with two groups, the final state is that the four piston assemblies perform alternate motion according to phase angles, stable mechanical energy output of the crankshaft is realized, and finally the conversion of heat energy and mechanical energy is realized;

in the working process of the Stirling engine, an external gas circuit leads working media into the medium cavity 402 through the gas inlet connector 102, the side gas hole 300, the gas inlet hole 411 and the central hole 410, and the working media in the medium cavity 402 enter the annular gas storage groove 4005 through the drainage hole 4006, so that the gas pressure at two sides of the sealing ring is balanced, a gas film is formed, the friction resistance of the piston seat is reduced, and the service life of the sealing ring is prolonged;

a lubricating oil path 103 (shown in fig. 3) is arranged in the engine base 1, the oil filling hole 304 is communicated with the lubricating oil path in the engine base 1, lubricating oil in the oil storage cavity 11 is pumped into the lubricating oil path in the engine base through an external oil pump (omitted in the figure), the lubricating oil is sprayed into the inner annular groove 303 from the oil filling hole 304, and then flows back into the oil storage cavity from the gap between the piston rod and the inner hole of the seal seat, and is subjected to circulating lubrication and heat dissipation; the engine base is also provided with a filter 104 connected into a lubricating oil path, and impurities are filtered by the filter in the lubricating oil circulation process;

according to the Stirling engine, the heat regenerator and the cooler are integrated on the periphery of the piston assembly, and the flow guide channel and the lubricating oil path are directly integrated in the engine base, so that a peripheral gas circuit and corresponding parts are omitted, heat loss in a peripheral pipeline is reduced, and the heat utilization rate is improved; meanwhile, the structure is greatly optimized, the whole structure is more simplified, the size is small, the assembly and maintenance are more convenient, the whole cost is greatly reduced, and the solar energy-heat conversion device is favorable for popularization and use in the field of various heat energy conversion mechanical energy, such as solar energy utilization, geothermal energy utilization, waste incineration heat energy utilization, boiler tail gas heat energy utilization and other fields.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.