阅读说明：本技术 一种轻质复合装甲及其制造方法 (Light composite armor and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 王鹏 王海岩 黄�俊 周泳 于 2020-07-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于防弹材料技术领域,具体涉及一种轻质复合装甲,从内到外依次包括内层、过渡层和外层；过渡层分别与内层和外层通过环氧树脂固接；内层为碳纤维与环氧树脂复合而成；过渡层包括波纹形的陶瓷板以及围绕在陶瓷板外侧的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布；陶瓷板与超高分子量聚乙烯纤维布之间的空隙内设置中空橡胶微球,并填充环氧树脂；外层为改性碳化硼陶瓷板；改性碳化硼陶瓷板按照重量份数是将50-60份碳化硼纤维、1-2份氧化铈、30-40份碳化硅、6-12份石墨烯混合后放入研磨机中研磨58-65min,再将研磨后的混合物压制成型,并通过热压烧结制得。本发明的轻质复合装甲能够用于坦克、装甲车,能有效防御或降低炮弹的穿透力,从而对坦克、装甲车及提供有效的保护。(The invention belongs to the technical field of bulletproof materials, and particularly relates to a light composite armor which sequentially comprises an inner layer, a transition layer and an outer layer from inside to outside; the transition layer is fixedly connected with the inner layer and the outer layer through epoxy resin respectively; the inner layer is formed by compounding carbon fibers and epoxy resin; the transition layer comprises a corrugated ceramic plate and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth surrounding the outer side of the ceramic plate; hollow rubber microspheres are arranged in gaps between the ceramic plate and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth, and epoxy resin is filled in the gaps; the outer layer is a modified boron carbide ceramic plate; the modified boron carbide ceramic plate is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts by weight of boron carbide fibers, 1-2 parts by weight of cerium oxide, 30-40 parts by weight of silicon carbide and 6-12 parts by weight of graphene, grinding the mixture in a grinding machine for 58-65min, pressing and molding the ground mixture, and sintering the mixture in a hot pressing manner. The light composite armor can be used for tanks and armored vehicles, and can effectively defend or reduce the penetrating power of shells, thereby effectively protecting the tanks and the armored vehicles.)

1. A light composite armor is characterized by comprising an inner layer, a transition layer and an outer layer from inside to outside in sequence;

the transition layer is fixedly connected with the inner layer and the outer layer through epoxy resin respectively;

the inner layer is formed by compounding carbon fibers and epoxy resin;

the transition layer comprises a corrugated ceramic plate and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth coated on the outer side of the ceramic plate; hollow rubber microspheres are arranged in gaps between the ceramic plates and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth, and epoxy resin is filled in the gaps to consolidate the hollow rubber microspheres in the gaps;

the outer layer is a modified boron carbide ceramic plate;

the modified boron carbide ceramic plate is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts by weight of boron carbide fibers, 1-2 parts by weight of cerium oxide, 30-40 parts by weight of silicon carbide and 6-12 parts by weight of graphene, grinding the mixture in a grinding machine for 58-65min, pressing and molding the ground mixture, and performing hot-pressing sintering.

2. The lightweight composite armor of claim 1,

the thickness of the inner layer is 2-4 mm; the thickness of the transition layer is 9-12 mm; the thickness of the outer layer is 7-10 mm.

3. The lightweight composite armor of claim 1,

the carbon fiber and epoxy resin composite material is specifically as follows:

the carbon fiber is immersed in liquid epoxy resin for hot pressing, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the epoxy resin is 2: 0.8-1.2.

4. The lightweight composite armor of claim 1,

the thickness of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth is 2-3 mm.

5. The lightweight composite armor of claim 1,

the molecular weight of the polyethylene of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth is 350-600 ten thousand.

6. The lightweight composite armor of claim 1,

the corrugated ceramic plate is made of silicon carbide ceramic or boron carbide ceramic, and the thickness of the ceramic plate is 2-3 mm.

7. A method of making a lightweight composite armor according to any of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:

s1: at least surrounding an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth layer outside a corrugated ceramic plate, filling hollow rubber microspheres in gaps between the ceramic plate and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth layer, filling epoxy resin glue solution, and curing to form a transition layer; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

preparing uniform slurry from hollow rubber microspheres and epoxy resin, and filling the slurry into a gap between a ceramic plate and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth;

s2: coating epoxy resin glue solution on the inner side of the transition layer, and fixing an inner layer formed by compounding carbon fibers and epoxy resin with the transition layer;

s3: and coating epoxy resin glue solution on the outer side of the transition layer, and fixing the outer layer consisting of the modified boron carbide ceramic plate with the transition layer.

8. The method of making a lightweight composite armor of claim 7,

in step S3, the preparation of the modified boron carbide ceramic plate includes:

mixing 50-60 parts of boron carbide fiber, 1-2 parts of cerium oxide, 30-40 parts of silicon carbide and 6-12 parts of graphene according to parts by weight, then putting the mixture into a grinding machine for grinding for 58-65min, then performing compression molding, gradually raising the temperature from 300 ℃ to 1550-.

9. The method of making a lightweight composite armor of claim 8,

the degree of vacuum during sintering is 10^-3-10^-4Pa。

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite armor, and particularly relates to a light composite armor and a manufacturing method thereof.

Background

The composite armor (composite armor) is a heterogeneous tank armor composed of more than two layers of protective materials with different properties, generally, the composite tank armor is formed by compounding one or more materials with different physical properties according to a certain layer proportion, the penetration of an incoming projectile (jet flow) is interfered by depending on the difference of the physical properties among the layers, the energy of the incoming projectile (jet flow) is consumed, and the purpose of preventing the penetration of the projectile (jet flow) is finally achieved.

The ceramic material has good dynamic mechanical properties such as high melting point, high hardness, high wear resistance, oxidation resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the design of the composite armor, but the ceramic material also has the defects of poor molding plasticity, low breaking strength and the like, so that the ceramic cannot be used as a homogeneous bulletproof material independently, and the backboard is required to support the bulletproof material, and the ceramic composite armor formed by compounding the ceramic panel and the fiber reinforced resin matrix composite backboard is produced.

The ceramic composite armor generally comprises a panel layer, a bottom plate layer and a middle layer, wherein the panel layer is made of alloy steel with high hardness, the bottom plate layer is made of alloy steel with high toughness, the middle layer is made of a ceramic plate and a fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, and glass fiber reinforced resin is filled between the three layers. The bulletproof mechanism is as follows: when a piercing bullet penetrates the outer panel layer, the bullet becomes blunt and a large amount of energy is consumed. The stronger ceramic plate of the middle layer then decomposes and dissipates the main impact force of the warhead, and finally, when the armor-piercing bullet which loses a great part of energy hits the bottom plate layer of the inner layer with high toughness, nothing is penetrated.

When the ceramic layer in the existing ceramic composite armor is impacted by a armor-piercing projectile, the ceramic layer is particularly easy to crush to form a large amount of small particles due to higher hardness and lower fracture strength, and when the ceramic layer is impacted for many times, the composite armor cannot bear the impact of the armor-piercing projectile, so that the bulletproof capability of the ceramic composite armor is insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a light composite armor and a manufacturing method thereof.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:

a light composite armor comprises an inner layer, a transition layer and an outer layer from inside to outside in sequence; the transition layer is fixedly connected with the inner layer and the outer layer through epoxy resin respectively;

the inner layer is formed by compounding carbon fibers and epoxy resin;

the transition layer comprises a corrugated ceramic plate and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth coated on the outer side of the ceramic plate; hollow rubber microspheres are arranged in gaps between the ceramic plates and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth, and epoxy resin is filled in the gaps to consolidate the hollow rubber microspheres in the gaps;

the outer layer is a modified boron carbide ceramic plate; the modified boron carbide ceramic plate is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts by weight of boron carbide fibers, 1-2 parts by weight of cerium oxide, 30-40 parts by weight of silicon carbide and 6-12 parts by weight of graphene, grinding the mixture in a grinding machine for 58-65min, pressing and molding the ground mixture, and performing hot-pressing sintering.

Optionally, the inner layer has a thickness of 2-4 mm; the thickness of the transition layer is 9-12 mm; the thickness of the outer layer is 7-10 mm.

Optionally, the compounding of the carbon fiber and the epoxy resin specifically comprises: the carbon fiber is immersed in liquid epoxy resin for hot pressing, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the epoxy resin is 2: 0.8-1.2.

Optionally, the thickness of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth is 2-3 mm.

Optionally, the molecular weight of the polyethylene of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth is 350-600 ten thousand.

Optionally, the corrugated ceramic plate is silicon carbide ceramic or boron carbide ceramic, and the thickness of the ceramic plate is 2-3 mm.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the light composite armor, which comprises the following steps:

s1: at least surrounding an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth layer outside a corrugated ceramic plate, filling hollow rubber microspheres in gaps between the ceramic plate and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth layer, filling epoxy resin glue solution, and curing to form a transition layer; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

preparing uniform slurry from hollow rubber microspheres and epoxy resin, and filling the slurry into a gap between a ceramic plate and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth;

s2: coating epoxy resin glue solution on the inner side of the transition layer, and fixing an inner layer formed by compounding carbon fibers and epoxy resin with the transition layer;

s3: and coating epoxy resin glue solution on the outer side of the transition layer, and fixing the outer layer consisting of the modified boron carbide ceramic plate with the transition layer.

Optionally, in the step S3, the preparing step of the modified boron carbide ceramic plate includes: mixing 50-60 parts of boron carbide fiber, 1-2 parts of cerium oxide, 30-40 parts of silicon carbide and 6-12 parts of graphene according to parts by weight, then putting the mixture into a grinding machine for grinding for 58-65min, then performing compression molding, gradually raising the temperature from 300 ℃ to 1550-.

Optionally, the degree of vacuum during sintering is10^-3-10^-4Pa。

(III) advantageous effects

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the light composite armor provided by the invention can be used for tanks and armored vehicles, and can effectively defend or reduce the penetrating power of armor-piercing bullets, armor-breaking bullets, shells, missiles, rocket bullets and the like, thereby effectively protecting the tanks and the armored vehicles.

According to the invention, as the transition layer adopts the corrugated ceramic plate and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth is arranged outside the ceramic plate, the anti-elasticity performance of the composite armor can be improved. The hollow rubber microspheres are filled in the gaps between the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth and the ceramic plates, and are solidified through epoxy resin, when the cannonball is collided, because of the protection of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth, the filled rubber microspheres and the filled epoxy resin, even if the ceramic plates are broken, the broken ceramic plates are prevented from scattering and collapsing, and the rubber microspheres can also play a role in extremely strong buffering. The corrugated ceramic plate is also beneficial to filling and filling of epoxy resin and hollow rubber microspheres. In addition, the corrugated ceramic plate can be provided with two layers which have a space and are filled with epoxy resin and hollow rubber microspheres.

The invention adopts the modified boron carbide ceramic plate as the outer layer, and the hollow rubber microspheres are arranged in the transition layer, so that the weight of the light composite armor can be reduced. The transition layer, the inner layer and the outer layer are bonded through epoxy resin, so that the whole light composite armor is firmer and has high structural strength.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a lightweight composite armor of the present invention.

[ description of reference ]

1: an inner layer;

2: a transition layer; 21: a ceramic plate; 22: ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth; 23: hollow rubber microspheres.

3: and (4) an outer layer.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention by way of specific embodiments thereof.

The invention provides a light composite armor, which comprises an inner layer 1, a transition layer 2 and an outer layer 3 from inside to outside in sequence according to a figure 1; the transition layer 2 is fixedly connected with the inner layer 1 and the outer layer 3 through epoxy resin respectively.

The transition layer, the inner layer and the outer layer are bonded by the epoxy resin, so that the whole light composite armor is firmer and has high structural strength.

Wherein, the inner layer 1 is formed by compounding carbon fiber and epoxy resin. The carbon fiber and epoxy resin composite material specifically comprises the following steps: the carbon fiber is immersed in liquid epoxy resin for hot pressing, and the mass ratio of the carbon fiber to the epoxy resin is 2: 0.8-1.2.

The inner layer is formed by compounding carbon fibers and epoxy resin, so that the strength of the inner layer can be improved, and the inner layer is prevented from being broken when being impacted.

The transition layer 2 comprises a corrugated ceramic plate 21 and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth 22 surrounding the outer side of the ceramic plate 21; hollow rubber microspheres 23 are arranged in the gap between the ceramic plate 21 and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth 22, and epoxy resin is filled in the gap to consolidate the hollow rubber microspheres 23 in the gap. The diameter of the hollow rubber microspheres 23 is less than 1 mm.

According to the invention, the hollow rubber microspheres 23 are arranged in the gaps between the corrugated ceramic plate 21 and the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber cloth 22, and the epoxy resin is filled, so that the impact energy of shells can be absorbed, the hollow rubber microspheres 23 have elasticity, so that the effects of buffering and dispersing impact force are achieved, and the rubber microspheres are hollow, so that the overall weight of the composite armor can be reduced; the epoxy resin is filled between the hollow rubber microspheres 23, so that the ceramic plate 21 can be protected from being easily broken and can resist the impact of a plurality of shells.