Impeller channel area measuring device and measuring method
阅读说明：本技术 一种叶轮通道面积测量装置及测量方法 (Impeller channel area measuring device and measuring method ) 是由 陈雪 陈圆 陈亮 单廷呈 陈益平 肖衎 于 2020-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种叶轮通道面积测量方法,包括：将轴流叶轮固定安装,通过电感测微仪连接轴向测头进行叶轮所有叶片根部直径的测量,获得各叶片根部直径测量值；取各叶片根部直径测量值的平均值；根据根部直径与系数K的对应关系,确定对应的系数K值；通过电感测微仪连接旁向测头测量所有叶片的根部至叶尖高度四等分点对应截面等分半径,获得各叶片对应的各截面的等分半径测量值；对应各截面分别取所有叶片等分半径测量值的平均值；计算各等分半径平均值的总和；计算获得通道面积。本发明还公开了一种用于上述测量方法的测量装置。采用该叶轮通道面积测量方法及装置,操作步骤流程更加清晰,操作难度降低,对检验员技能水平要求低,测量效率高。(The invention discloses a method for measuring the channel area of an impeller, which comprises the following steps: fixedly mounting an axial flow impeller, and connecting an axial measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the root diameters of all blades of the impeller so as to obtain the root diameter measurement value of each blade; taking the average value of the diameter measured values of the roots of all the blades; determining a corresponding coefficient K value according to the corresponding relation between the root diameter and the coefficient K; connecting a lateral measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the equal-dividing radius of the corresponding section from the root to the blade tip height quartering point of all the blades, and obtaining the equal-dividing radius measured value of each section corresponding to each blade; respectively taking the average value of the measured values of the equal-dividing radii of all the blades corresponding to all the sections; calculating the sum of the average values of the equal division radiuses; and calculating to obtain the channel area. The invention also discloses a measuring device for the measuring method. By adopting the method and the device for measuring the impeller passage area, the flow of the operation steps is clearer, the operation difficulty is reduced, the requirement on the skill level of an inspector is low, and the measurement efficiency is high.)
1. A method of measuring an impeller channel area, comprising:
fixedly mounting an axial flow impeller, and connecting an axial measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the root diameters of all blades of the impeller so as to obtain the root diameter measurement value of each blade;
taking the average value of the root diameter measurement value of each blade and recording the average value as the root diameter average value;
determining a corresponding coefficient K value according to the root diameter average value and the corresponding relation between the root diameter and the coefficient K;
connecting a lateral measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the equal-dividing radius of the corresponding section from the root to the blade tip height quartering point of all the blades, and obtaining the equal-dividing radius measured value of each section corresponding to each blade;
respectively taking the average value of the measured values of the equal division radii of all the blades corresponding to each section, and recording the average value as the average value of the equal division radii;
calculating the sum of the average values of the equant radiuses;
and calculating to obtain the channel area according to the coefficient K value and the sum of the average values of the equal-dividing radiuses.
2. The impeller passage area measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating to obtain the passage area according to the coefficient K value and the sum of the average value of the equal dividing radii specifically comprises:
the channel area was calculated by the following formula:
Sp＝10-4*K*S
wherein Sp is the channel area, K is the coefficient, and S is the sum of the average values of the equal radii.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the root diameter corresponds to a factor K, in particular is a experimentally determined root diameter as a function of the factor K.
4. A method of impeller channel area measurement according to claim 3, wherein the functional relationship is a linear functional relationship.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the linear function relationship is:
K＝121.97-(ΦAVG-72.45)*2.4154
where K is the coefficient and Φ AVG is the root diameter.
6. The impeller passage area measuring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the root diameter corresponds to a coefficient K, specifically, a data table of root diameter and coefficient K in one-to-one correspondence determined by experiment.
7. An impeller passage area measuring device used for the impeller passage area measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising a positioning seat for the through hole of the axial flow impeller to pass through, a positioning core rod matched with the positioning seat to press and fix the axial flow impeller, and an electric micrometer for measurement, wherein an axial measuring head and a lateral measuring head are arranged and matched with the electric micrometer.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rotating impellers, in particular to a device and a method for measuring the channel area of an impeller.
Background
Aiming at an axial flow impeller at the front half part of an engine compressor unit body with the power of 500KW, the channel area of the axial flow impeller needs to be ensured, so that the air flow of the engine meets the requirement of 2.5kg/s, and the function of supercharging the centrifugal compressor by the first-stage compression of the engine is realized. To obtain the axial flow impeller channel area value, the axial flow impeller channel area needs to be measured.
The existing measuring method has high requirements on the process, a technician is required to provide an optimal curved surface hub coordinate point and the size of the coordinate point of each blade radius which is equally divided into a plurality of different sections, then the coordinate point size of each blade of each part is measured by a three-coordinate measuring machine, and the passage area is obtained through the conversion of a function relation value.
In addition, each blade of the axial flow impeller deflects by an angle of about 0 degrees 25 '± 20' on the axis of the engine, and during three-coordinate measurement, due to the limitation of a measuring head, the optimal coordinate point size is difficult to obtain, the stability during operation is poor, the measuring head slightly collides, the precision of a measuring result is influenced, the measured value is inaccurate, and further the calculation of the channel area is influenced. After the coordinate points are measured, the inspectors also need to determine the metering values of different sections of each blade according to the measured values in a one-to-one correspondence manner to calculate the average value, and then convert the average value into the channel area. The method has high requirements on the process and operators, the size of each impeller related to the same process needs to be completed by cooperation of a plurality of people, the labor intensity is high, the metering period is long, and the production efficiency is influenced; and have great risk, very easily because the measuring position point selection is improper and the gauge head is not hard up and leads to the measured data inaccurate, cause the engine centrifugation pressure boost not up to standard, influence engine performance.
In summary, how to effectively solve the problem that the requirement of the impeller passage area measurement for an operator is high is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the first object of the present invention is to provide an impeller passage area measuring method, which can effectively solve the problem that the requirement of impeller passage area measurement for operators is high, and the second object of the present invention is to provide an impeller passage area measuring apparatus used in the impeller passage area measuring method.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of impeller channel area measurement, comprising:
fixedly mounting an axial flow impeller, and connecting an axial measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the root diameters of all blades of the impeller so as to obtain the root diameter measurement value of each blade;
taking the average value of the root diameter measurement value of each blade and recording the average value as the root diameter average value;
determining a corresponding coefficient K value according to the root diameter average value and the corresponding relation between the root diameter and the coefficient K;
connecting a lateral measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the equal-dividing radius of the corresponding section from the root to the blade tip height quartering point of all the blades, and obtaining the equal-dividing radius measured value of each section corresponding to each blade;
respectively taking the average value of the measured values of the equal division radii of all the blades corresponding to each section, and recording the average value as the average value of the equal division radii;
calculating the sum of the average values of the equant radiuses;
and calculating to obtain the channel area according to the coefficient K value and the sum of the average values of the equal-dividing radiuses.
Preferably, in the method for measuring a channel area of an impeller, the calculating to obtain the channel area according to the sum of the coefficient K value and the average value of the equal-dividing radii specifically includes:
the channel area was calculated by the following formula:
Sp＝10-4*K*S
wherein Sp is the channel area, K is the coefficient, and S is the sum of the average values of the equal radii.
Preferably, in the impeller passage area measuring method, the correspondence between the root diameter and the coefficient K is a function relationship between the root diameter and the coefficient K determined by an experiment.
Preferably, in the method for measuring the passage area of the impeller, the functional relationship is a linear functional relationship.
Preferably, in the method for measuring an area of an impeller passage, the relationship of the linear function relationship is as follows:
K＝121.97-(ΦAVG-72.45)*2.4154
where K is the coefficient and Φ AVG is the root diameter.
Preferably, in the impeller passage area measuring method, the correspondence between the root diameter and the coefficient K is a data table in which the root diameter and the coefficient K are in one-to-one correspondence, which is determined according to an experiment.
The method for measuring the channel area of the impeller provided by the invention is applied, the axial flow impeller is fixedly installed, and the diameters of the root parts of all blades of the impeller are measured by connecting the axial measuring head with the electric inductance micrometer to obtain the diameter measured value of the root part of each blade; then taking the average value of the root diameter measurement values of all the blades and recording the average value as the root diameter average value; determining a corresponding coefficient K value according to the root diameter average value and the corresponding relation between the root diameter and the coefficient K; then, connecting a lateral measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the equal-divided radius of the corresponding section from the root to the blade tip height quartering point of all the blades, and obtaining the equal-divided radius measured value of each section corresponding to each blade; respectively taking the average value of the measured values of the equal division radii of all the blades corresponding to each section, and recording the average value as the average value of the equal division radii; calculating the sum of the average values of the equal division radiuses; and finally, calculating to obtain the channel area according to the coefficient K value and the sum of the average values of the equal-dividing radii. Compared with a three-coordinate metering method, the impeller passage area measuring method has the advantages that the operation steps and the flow are clearer, the operation difficulty is reduced, the requirement on the skill level of an inspector is lower, the measuring efficiency is higher, and the accuracy is higher.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention further provides an impeller channel area measuring device, which is used in any one of the impeller channel area measuring methods, and comprises a positioning seat for the through hole of the axial flow impeller to penetrate, a positioning core rod matched with the positioning seat to tightly press and fix the axial flow impeller, an inductance micrometer for measurement, and an axial measuring head and a lateral measuring head which are matched with the inductance micrometer. This impeller passage area measuring device measures through the inductance micrometer, has reduced the requirement in the aspect of operator's skill, accords with the production actual conditions more, and measurement of efficiency is higher, and the degree of accuracy is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the passage area of an impeller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an axial flow impeller.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for measuring the channel area of an impeller, which is used for reducing the requirement on the skill of an operator and better meeting the actual production condition.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an impeller passage area measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for measuring an area of an impeller channel, comprising:
s1: fixedly mounting an axial flow impeller, and connecting an axial measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the root diameters of all blades of the impeller so as to obtain the root diameter measurement value of each blade;
the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head are respectively in convertible connection with the inductance micrometer, so that the axial measuring head and the inductance micrometer are selectively connected with the inductance micrometer or the lateral measuring head is connected with the inductance micrometer as required. In order to facilitate the installation of the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head, an axial mounting seat and a lateral mounting seat are respectively arranged corresponding to the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head, and the axial mounting seat is used for fixing the axial measuring head and can drive the axial measuring head to move in the height direction and the radial direction relative to the axial flow impeller; the lateral mounting base is used for fixing the lateral measuring head and can drive the lateral measuring head to move in the height direction and the radial direction relative to the axial flow impeller. Specifically, the slide rails are arranged in cooperation with the axial mounting seat and the lateral mounting seat, the axial mounting seat and the lateral mounting seat can respectively move linearly along the slide rails and can be locked at different positions of the slide rails through locking devices such as nuts, and then the radial positions of the axial mounting seat and the lateral mounting seat relative to the axial-flow impeller are adjusted, so that the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head are adjusted to be in proper positions.
When the measuring device is used, the axial flow impeller (with the through hole structure) is arranged on the positioning seat in a penetrating way with the small head end on the upper part and the large head end on the lower part, the positioning core rod is used for tightly pressing the fixed axial flow impeller, in order to ensure that the axial flow impeller does not generate radial and axial displacement in the measuring process after being arranged on the positioning seat in a penetrating way, the positioning core rod is specifically manufactured into a mode with a conical head, and the axial flow impeller is tightly pressed by the positioning core rod with the conical head when in use; the axial measuring head is matched with the inductance micrometer for use, and the diameter value of the root part of the blade from the front end face of the flange of the axial-flow impeller to the given coordinate point of the curved-surface hub can be measured.
S2: taking the average value of the root diameter measurement value of each blade and recording the average value as the root diameter average value;
taking the example of 13 blades, the root diameter is averaged by taking the average of 13 blade root diameter measurements, i.e. adding the 13 blade root diameter measurements and dividing by 13.
S3: determining a corresponding coefficient K value according to the root diameter average value and the corresponding relation between the root diameter and the coefficient K;
and obtaining a coefficient K value corresponding to the root diameter average value according to the corresponding relation between the root diameter and the coefficient K. Specifically, the root diameter may be determined by experiments, such as accumulating, analyzing and continuously correcting a large amount of data, according to the correspondence between the root diameter and the coefficient K. The corresponding relationship between the root diameter and the coefficient K may be a data table in which the root diameter and the coefficient K correspond one to one, or may be a functional relationship between the root diameter and the coefficient K, such as a linear functional relationship.
The data table of the correspondence relationship between the root diameter and the coefficient K may be specifically table 1.
TABLE 1 data sheet of root diameter and coefficient K correspondence
The corresponding coefficient K value can be quickly determined by looking up the table 1 according to the root diameter average value.
In addition, when the root diameter and the coefficient K are in a functional relationship, if the functional relationship between the root diameter and the coefficient K is obtained by fitting in table 1, the coefficient K is calculated by the following formula:
K＝121.97-(ΦAVG-72.45)*2.4154
where K is the coefficient and Φ AVG is the root diameter.
Namely, the coefficient K value can be calculated by substituting the average value of the root diameters into the formula.
S4: connecting a lateral measuring head through an inductance micrometer to measure the equal-dividing radius of the corresponding section from the root to the blade tip height quartering point of all the blades, and obtaining the equal-dividing radius measured value of each section corresponding to each blade;
the side measuring head can be specifically installed through the side installation base, and the position of the side measuring head is adjusted in the radial direction to enable the side measuring head to correspond to each section of the quartering point respectively.
S5: respectively taking the average value of the measured values of the equal division radii of all the blades corresponding to each section, and recording the average value as the average value of the equal division radii;
s6: calculating the sum of the average values of the equal division radiuses;
and corresponding sections from the root to the blade tip height quartering point of the blade are respectively marked as an A section, a B section, a C section and a D section. Taking 13 blades as an example, the measured values of the equal-dividing radii of the A sections of the 1 st blade to the 13 th blade are respectively recorded as A1-A13, the measured values of the equal-dividing radii of the B sections of the 1 st blade to the 13 th blade are respectively recorded as B1-B13, the measured values of the equal-dividing radii of the C sections of the 1 st blade to the 13 th blade are respectively recorded as C1-C13, and the measured values of the equal-dividing radii of the D sections of the 1 st blade to the 13 th blade are respectively recorded as D1-D13. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an axial flow impeller. For better illustration of the blades, 9 blades are illustrated as an example. Specifically, the measured values of the preset 4 equal-section radii (the A section, the B section, the C section and the D section) are measured by using the fixed seat, the positioning core rod and the lateral measuring head on the manual measuring device (the 4 sections are corresponding sections from the root of the blade of the axial-flow impeller to the quartering point of the blade tip height).
The measurements A1-A13 at the A section of the 13 blades were averaged,
the same operation is carried out on the B section, the C section and the D section of 13 bladesAveraging the measured values B1-B13, C1-C13 and D1-D13,
the sum of the average values of the equal radii corresponding to the four sections is calculated, i.e.In the formula, S is the sum of the average values of the equal division radiuses corresponding to the four sections respectively;
s7: and calculating to obtain the channel area according to the coefficient K value and the sum of the average values of the equal-dividing radiuses.
Specifically, the channel area can be calculated by the following formula:
Sp＝10-4*K*S
wherein Sp is the channel area, K is the coefficient, and S is the sum of the average values of the equal radii.
That is, the values of the business coefficient K and the sum S are substituted into the above formula, and the channel area is calculated.
Compared with a three-coordinate metering method, the impeller passage area measuring method has the advantages that the operation steps and the flow are clearer, the operation difficulty is reduced, the requirement on the skill level of an inspector is lower, the measuring efficiency is higher, and the accuracy is higher.
Based on the control system provided in the above embodiment, the present invention further provides an impeller channel area measuring device, which is used in any one of the impeller channel area measuring methods in the above embodiments, and includes a positioning seat for the axial flow impeller to pass through, a positioning core rod matched with the positioning seat to compress and fix the axial flow impeller, an inductance micrometer for measurement, and an axial probe and a lateral probe that can be connected to the inductance micrometer in a switching manner. This impeller passage area measuring device measures through the inductance micrometer, has reduced the requirement in the aspect of operator's skill, accords with the production actual conditions more, and measurement of efficiency is higher, and the degree of accuracy is higher. And the device sensitivity is high, can be better the precision of assurance measurement size.
In order to facilitate the installation of the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head, an axial mounting seat and a lateral mounting seat are respectively arranged corresponding to the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head, and the axial mounting seat is used for fixing the axial measuring head and can drive the axial measuring head to move in the height direction and the radial direction relative to the axial flow impeller; the lateral mounting base is used for fixing the lateral measuring head and can drive the axial measuring head to move in the height direction and the radial direction relative to the axial flow impeller. Specifically, the slide rails are arranged in cooperation with the axial mounting seat and the lateral mounting seat, the axial mounting seat and the lateral mounting seat can respectively move linearly along the slide rails and can be locked at different positions of the slide rails through locking devices such as nuts, and then the radial positions of the axial mounting seat and the lateral mounting seat relative to the axial-flow impeller are adjusted, so that the axial measuring head and the lateral measuring head are adjusted to be in proper positions.
In order to better illustrate the invention, the following description is given by way of a preferred embodiment.
This example defines one part: the height of the part is 45.05mm, the diameter of the central through hole is phi 30.5mm, the diameter of the excircle of the maximum blade is phi 148mm, and the diameter of the root of the blade is measured at the position of the straight line distance (given coordinate point O' a) of 7.05mm from the front end surface of the rim of the impeller to the curved surface hub surface of the airfoil-shaped impeller with 13 blades.
The parts defined by the above examples were measured by the following steps:
1) measuring the root diameter phi of the axial flow impeller blade:
1.1, adjusting the inductance micrometer to a voltage value of 300V, and switching on a power supply of the axial measuring head and the inductance micrometer;
1.2 before measurement, adjusting the axial measuring head to a proper position, and ensuring that the linear distance on the curved-surface hub is 7.05mm when the axial measuring head is used for measurement;
1.3 the coordinate measuring ring (phi 72.3mm) converted by the root diameter is used for measuring the meter, fine adjustment is ensured to be displayed as the position of 0 point on an inductance micrometer, the subsequent downward pressing type induction is adopted to measure the measuring points one by one to obtain the deviation value displayed on the inductance micrometer by the 7.05mm coordinate point of the hub surface between the blades, and the measured value of the root diameter of the axial flow impeller blade between each blade can be convertedFurther calculating the root diameter average
2) Determining a coefficient k:
corresponding to a table look-up 1 to obtain a value of K coefficient corresponding to phi AVG which is 122.574;
3) calculating S:
3.1, adjusting the inductance micrometer to a voltage value of 300V, and switching on a power supply of the lateral measuring head and the inductance micrometer;
3.2 before measurement, the vane having a diameter of 148mm was equally divided into 4 sections of radius r43mm (section A), r53mm (section B), r63mm (section C), r73mm (section D). Firstly, radially adjusting a lateral mounting base to a position of a scale 43, selecting a proper lateral measuring head, mounting the lateral measuring head to the position of the lateral mounting base for aligning, fine-adjusting to ensure that the position is displayed as a 0 point position on an inductance micrometer, and subsequently adopting a down-pressure type induction to take measuring points one by one to measure the upper radius r43mm (A) of the bladeThe deviation value displayed on the inductance micrometer can be converted to obtain the measured value of the equal radius, namely the channel value A1-A13 between each blade, and further the average value of the equal radius is calculated
3.3 according to the 3.2 steps, adjusting the side direction mounting seats one by one to the positions of the scales 53, 63 and 73, and averaging the measured values B1-B13, C1-C13 and D1-D13 at the cross sections of the 13 blades B, C, D
4) Calculating Sp: using the formula Sp 10-4And K and S are substituted to calculate Sp.
Obtaining Sp 10-4*122.574*59.273＝0.727mm2
Considering that the blade is a wing-type blade with a certain rotation angle, when the sections of the 53, 63 and 73 groups are measured, the side direction measuring head mounting position is loosened, the direction of the measuring head is adjusted, and the highest contact point between the measuring head and a part contact surface is ensured when the measuring head is measured.
The impeller channel area measuring method reduces the requirement on the skill of an operator and better meets the actual production condition; the introduction of the method for manually measuring the channel area of the axial flow impeller effectively solves the problems that the process can only be operated by special metering personnel in a production process, and meanwhile, the measurement error is reduced. The flow operation mode ensures the measurement efficiency, enhances the stability of the measurement and reduces the measurement difficulty. The problems that the test run performance of the engine is influenced due to inaccurate channel area caused by measurement errors and the like are effectively solved. Meanwhile, the fluctuation condition of the measured data can more visually reflect whether the molded surface of the impeller blade is qualified or not.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.