Magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge
阅读说明：本技术 一种磁芯式3dB电桥 (Magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge ) 是由 刘泽雨 蔡楚才 于 2020-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种磁芯式3dB电桥,包括磁芯电感T1～T7及多个电容器,每个磁芯电感均包括磁环和磁环上缠绕的紧密胶合的双股漆包线。本发明用漆包线实现的电感线圈代替了传统3dB电桥中分布参数的电感,用电容器代替了传统的分布电容,减小了3dB电桥的尺寸,简化了结构,对磁芯电感和电容器进行选参后,实现了1MHz～30MHz的磁芯式3dB电桥,电桥的隔离度高、插入损耗小、功率容量大,具有优良的互调指标。(The invention provides a magnetic core type 3dB bridge which comprises magnetic core inductors T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, wherein each magnetic core inductor comprises a magnetic ring and a tightly glued double-strand enameled wire wound on the magnetic ring. The invention uses the enameled wire to realize the inductance coil to replace the inductance of the distributed parameter in the traditional 3dB bridge, uses the capacitor to replace the traditional distributed capacitance, reduces the size of the 3dB bridge, simplifies the structure, realizes the 1 MHz-30 MHz magnetic core type 3dB bridge after the parameters of the magnetic core inductance and the capacitor are selected, and has high isolation, small insertion loss, large power capacity and excellent intermodulation index.)
1. A magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge is characterized by comprising magnetic core inductors T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, wherein each magnetic core inductor comprises a magnetic ring and a tightly glued double-strand enameled wire wound on the magnetic ring, the magnetic core inductors T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are sequentially distributed along a straight line, the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductors T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are parallel to each other, the magnetic core inductors T4 and T5 are positioned between the magnetic core inductors T3 and T6 and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the straight line, and the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductors T4 and T5 are parallel to the straight line;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an isolation end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an input end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a coupling end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a straight-through end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
the common ends of any two connected enameled wires in the core inductances T1-T7 are grounded through a capacitor, and the middle of the first enameled wire in each core inductance T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire in the core inductance through a capacitor.
2. The magnetic core type 3dB bridge of claim 1, wherein the magnetic ring types of the magnetic core inductances T1-T7 are T30-17, T30-3, T44-6, R10K-H10 x 6 x 5, R10K-H10 x 6 x 5, T50-2 and T30-6 respectively.
3. The magnetic core type 3dB bridge according to claim 1, further comprising a sound-absorbing plate (10), wherein the sound-absorbing plate (10) comprises a first layer (101) and a second layer (102), one side of the first layer (101) far away from the second layer (102) is tightly attached to the capacitor, a plurality of through holes (103) penetrating through the first layer (101) are uniformly distributed in the first layer (101), the through holes (103) are parallel to each other, a cavity is formed in the second layer (102), and the cavity is communicated with all the through holes (103).
4. A core 3dB bridge according to claim 3, wherein the resonance frequency of the sound-absorbing plate (10) is equal to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor.
5. A core 3dB bridge according to claim 4 wherein the sound absorbing panel (10) has a resonant frequency of:wherein f is the resonance frequency of the sound-absorbing plate (10), c is the sound velocity, p is the ratio of the sum of the areas of all the through holes (103) to the area of the sound-absorbing plate (10), h is the thickness of the sound-absorbing plate (10), d is the diameter of the through holes (103), and l is the thickness of the second layer (102).
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3dB bridges, in particular to a magnetic core type 3dB bridge.
Background
The directional coupler is a basic and universal microwave/millimeter wave signal separation device and has the advantages of single-directional separation and double-directional separation. The microwave dielectric resonator has wide application in various fields of microwave technology, and is generally used for isolation, separation and mixing of signals, such as monitoring of power, stabilizing of source output power, isolation and transmission of signal sources and the like. The 3dB bridge is a special directional coupler with the coupling degree of 3dB, the output power of a coupling arm of the 3dB bridge is equal to that of a through arm, the phase difference of output signals is 90 degrees, and the input end and the isolation end have enough isolation.
There are many types of 3dB bridges, and in the microwave band, strip line or microstrip line directional couplers, etc., i.e., distributed parameter directional couplers, are generally used. The length of the 3dB bridges is one quarter wavelength, and in a short-wave communication system, the size of the 3dB bridges is large, so that the 3dB bridges do not meet the miniaturization requirement and are complex in structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a magnetic core type 3dB bridge to solve the problems of large size and complex structure of the conventional 3dB bridge with distributed parameters.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: a magnetic core type 3dB bridge comprises magnetic core inductors T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, wherein each magnetic core inductor comprises a magnetic ring and a tightly glued double-strand enameled wire wound on the magnetic ring, the magnetic core inductors T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are sequentially distributed along a straight line, the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductors T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 are parallel to each other, the magnetic core inductors T4 and T5 are positioned between the magnetic core inductors T3 and the magnetic core inductors T6 and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the straight line, and the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductors T4 and T5 are parallel to the straight line;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an isolation end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an input end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
one end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a coupling end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a straight-through end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded;
the common ends of any two connected enameled wires in the core inductances T1-T7 are grounded through a capacitor, and the middle of the first enameled wire in each core inductance T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire in the core inductance through a capacitor.
Optionally, the magnetic ring types of the magnetic core inductors T1-T7 are T30-17, T30-3, T44-6, R10K-H10 × 6 × 5, R10K-H10 × 6 × 5, T50-2, and T30-6, respectively.
Optionally, the magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge further includes a sound-absorbing board, the sound-absorbing board includes a first layer and a second layer, one side of the first layer far from the second layer is tightly attached to the capacitor, a plurality of through holes penetrating through the first layer are uniformly distributed in the first layer, the plurality of through holes are parallel to each other, a cavity is formed in the second layer, and the cavity is communicated with all the through holes.
Optionally, the resonant frequency of the sound-absorbing panel is equal to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor.
Optionally, the resonant frequency of the sound-absorbing panel is:
Compared with the prior art, the magnetic core type 3dB electric bridge has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the inductance coil realized by the enameled wire for the magnetic core type 3dB bridge replaces the inductance of the distributed parameters in the traditional 3dB bridge, the capacitor replaces the traditional distributed capacitance, the size of the 3dB bridge is reduced, the structure is simplified, after the magnetic core inductance and the capacitor are selected, the magnetic core type 3dB bridge of 1 MHz-30 MHz is realized, the isolation degree of the bridge is high, the insertion loss is small, the power capacity is large, and the intermodulation index is excellent;
(2) according to the invention, through a specific formula, the sound-absorbing board is subjected to proper structural design, so that the resonance frequency of the sound-absorbing board is as close as possible to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor, sound waves generated by the capacitor resonate with a cavity in the sound-absorbing board, and the noise generated by the capacitor is effectively absorbed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic core 3dB bridge according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic of a magnetic core 3dB bridge of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the intermodulation suppression degree test results of a magnetic core type 3dB bridge of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the sound-absorbing panel of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
10-a sound-absorbing panel; 101-a first layer; 102-a second layer; 103-through holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic core type 3dB electrical bridge of this embodiment includes magnetic core inductors T1-T7 and a plurality of capacitors, each of the magnetic core inductors includes a magnetic ring and a tightly glued double-strand enameled wire wound around the magnetic ring, the magnetic core inductors T1, T2, T3, T6, and T7 are sequentially distributed along a straight line, magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductors T1, T2, T3, T6, and T7 are parallel to each other, the magnetic core inductor T4 and the magnetic core inductor T5 are located between the magnetic core inductor T3 and the magnetic core inductor T6 and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the straight line, and the magnetic ring central axes of the magnetic core inductors T4 and T5 are parallel to the straight line.
One end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an isolation end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1 is an input end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T1, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T2, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded.
One end of a first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a coupling end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, the other end of the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the first enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T4 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded, one end of a second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7 is a straight-through end of the magnetic core type 3dB bridge, and the other end of the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T7, the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the magnetic core inductor T5 are sequentially connected in series and then grounded.
The common ends of any two connected enameled wires in the core inductances T1-T7 are grounded through a capacitor, and the middle of the first enameled wire in each core inductance T1, T2, T3, T6 and T7 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire in the core inductance through a capacitor. Specifically, the middle of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T1 is connected to the middle of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T1 through the capacitor C1, the common end of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T1 and the first enameled wire on the core inductor T2 is grounded through the capacitor C2, the common end of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T1 and the second enameled wire on the core inductor T2 is grounded through the capacitor C3, the middle of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T2 is connected to the middle of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T2 through the capacitor C4, the common end of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T2 and the first enameled wire on the core inductor T3 is grounded through the capacitor C5, the common end of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T2 and the second enameled wire on the core inductor T3 is grounded through the capacitor C6, the middle of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T3 is connected to the middle of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T3 through the capacitor C, the common end of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the core inductor T4 is grounded through a capacitor C8, the common end of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T3 and the first enameled wire on the core inductor T5 is grounded through a capacitor C9, the common end of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T4 and the first enameled wire on the core inductor T6 is grounded through a capacitor C10, the common end of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T5 and the second enameled wire on the core inductor T6 is grounded through a capacitor C11, the middle of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T6 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire on the core inductor T6 through a capacitor C12, the common end of the first enameled wire on the core inductor T6 and the first enameled wire on the core inductor T7 is grounded through a capacitor C13, the common end of the second enameled wire on the inductor T6 and the second enameled wire on the core inductor T7 is grounded through a capacitor C14, the middle of the first enameled wire on the core inductance T7 is connected with the middle of the second enameled wire on the core inductance T7 through a capacitor C15. So that the present embodiment uses fifteen capacitors in total.
In the embodiment, the magnetic rings of the magnetic core inductors T1-T7 are ferrite high-frequency magnetic rings, and the types are T30-17, T30-3, T44-6, R10K-H10 × 6 × 5, R10K-H10 × 6 × 5, T50-2 and T30-6, respectively. The parameters of the capacitors C1-C15 are 77.3pF, 19.7pF, 19.6pF, 10nF, 9.88pF, 27pF, 363.5pF, 10pF, 66.1pF, 9.8pF, 10.3pF, 2nF, 75.5pF, 44.5pF and 173.6pF respectively. It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the inductance coil implemented by the enameled wire replaces the inductance of the distributed parameter in the conventional 3dB electrical bridge, the capacitor replaces the conventional distributed capacitance, the size of the 3dB electrical bridge is reduced, the structure is simplified, after the parameters of the inductance and the capacitor of the magnetic core are selected, the magnetic core type 3dB electrical bridge of 1MHz to 30MHz is implemented, the isolation of the electrical bridge is high, the insertion loss is small, the power capacity is large, as shown in fig. 3, the intermodulation suppression degree of the electrical bridge is 65.4dBc, and the electrical bridge has excellent intermodulation index.
In the present embodiment, since a large number of capacitors are used, which are generally regarded as low-noise devices, but radiate a high level of noise when a large amount of harmonic current flows, the present embodiment prefers that the core 3dB bridge further includes a sound-absorbing panel 10 made of epoxy resin, the sound-absorbing panel 10 including a first layer 101 and a second layer 102, the first layer 101 being disposed on the side of the second layer 102 which is close to the first layer 101A plurality of through holes 103 penetrating through the first layer 101 are uniformly distributed in the first layer 101, the through holes 103 are parallel to each other, a cavity is formed in the second layer 102, and the cavity is communicated with all the through holes 103. Thus, when sound waves radiated by the capacitor enter the through hole 103, the cavity in the second layer 102 is excited to vibrate, the air column in the through hole 103 reciprocates, and the air column vibrates and rubs on the inner wall surface of the through hole 103, so that sound energy is lost due to viscous damping and heat conduction, and the purpose of sound absorption is achieved. Because the fundamental voltage loaded by the capacitor is relatively large, the vibration amplitude of the frequency band with the fundamental voltage is relatively large, which is a main source of noise, and further, the resonance frequency of the sound-absorbing board 10 can be preferably equal to the fundamental frequency of the capacitor, so that the sound waves can resonate with the cavity in the second layer 102, and the noise reduction effect of the sound-absorbing board 10 is improved. The resonant frequency calculation formula of the sound-absorbing plate 10 in this embodiment is:
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
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