Micro-wound punctum dilator
阅读说明:本技术 微创型泪点扩张器 (Micro-wound punctum dilator ) 是由 裘项旭 其他发明人请求不公开姓名 于 2020-08-18 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明公开了一种微创型泪点扩张器,包括:圆锥头端和扩张圆锥;扩张圆锥沿其中轴线具有大头端和小头端,圆锥头端设于扩张圆锥的小头端;扩张圆锥的大头端相连有泪点套管内圆柱段,泪点套管内圆柱段相连有握持部;和泪点套管,其包括泪点套管壁和泪点套管适应面;泪点套管壁套接设于泪点套管内圆柱段;泪点套管壁在靠近扩张圆锥端具有泪点套管适应面。通过上述方式,本发明泪点扩张后泪点套管支撑在位,稳定性高,且无泪点收缩导致的摩擦阻力,泪道探针进出方便无阻力,使得泪道探通时阻力位置明确,容易判定阻塞位置。同时泪点扩张按需一步到位,不额外损伤泪点,减少组织损伤。(The invention discloses a minimally invasive punctum dilator, which comprises: a conical head end and an expansion cone; the expansion cone is provided with a large head end and a small head end along the central axis thereof, and the head end of the cone is arranged at the small head end of the expansion cone; the big end of the expansion cone is connected with the inner cylindrical section of the lacrimal punctum sleeve, and the inner cylindrical section of the lacrimal punctum sleeve is connected with the holding part; and a punctal cannula including a punctal cannula wall and a punctal cannula conforming surface; the wall of the lacrimal-point sleeve is sleeved on the inner cylindrical section of the lacrimal-point sleeve; the punctal cannula wall has a punctal cannula-accommodating surface near the dilating conical end. Through the mode, the lacrimal passage cannula is supported in place after the lacrimal passage is expanded, the stability is high, the friction resistance caused by the shrinkage of the lacrimal passage is avoided, the lacrimal passage probe is convenient to pass in and out without resistance, the resistance position is clear when the lacrimal passage is probed, and the blocking position is easy to judge. Meanwhile, the lacrimal punctum is expanded in place in one step as required, so that the lacrimal punctum is not additionally damaged, and the tissue damage is reduced.)
1. A minimally invasive punctal dilator, comprising:
a punctal dilator comprising a conical tip and a dilating cone; the expansion cone is provided with a large head end and a small head end along the central axis thereof, the cone head end is arranged at the small head end of the expansion cone, and the cone head end is an arc-shaped surface; the big end of the expansion cone is integrally connected with a cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve, the cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve has an extension direction, and the cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve is a cylinder with uniform cross-sectional diameter in the direction vertical to the extension direction; the edge of the cylindrical section in the lacrimal cannula is connected with the edge of the big end of the expansion cone, and the cylindrical section in the lacrimal cannula is fixedly connected with a holding part at one end far away from the expansion cone; and
a punctal cannula including a punctal cannula wall and a punctal cannula accommodating surface; the lacrimal point sleeve wall is sleeved on the cylindrical section in the lacrimal point sleeve, and the lacrimal point sleeve wall and the cylindrical section in the lacrimal point sleeve can slide relatively; the punctal cannula wall has the punctal cannula accommodating surface near one end of the expansion cone.
2. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 1, wherein: the adaptive surface of the lacrimal passage cannula is an inclined surface, the inclined surface of the adaptive surface of the lacrimal passage cannula is continued along the inclination direction of the inclined surface of the expansion cone with backward equal inclination, and the inner edge of the front end of the adaptive surface of the lacrimal passage cannula is connected with the outer edge of the big end of the expansion cone.
3. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 1, wherein: the punctal cannula also includes a structure located at an end distal to the expansion cone and integrally connected to the punctal cannula wall to completely enter the lacrimal passage.
4. The structure of the punctal cannula of claim 3 that fully enters the lacrimal passage, wherein: the structure of the lacrimal duct preventing sleeve which completely enters the lacrimal passage is a half-ring body of the lacrimal duct sleeve, and the half-ring body of the lacrimal duct sleeve is positioned at one end far away from the expansion cone and is integrally connected with the wall of the lacrimal duct sleeve;
the punctal cannula semi-circular body is positioned outside the punctal cannula wall;
the inner cylindrical section of the lacrimal sleeve is fixedly connected with a supporting section of the lacrimal sleeve at one end far away from the expansion cone; the support section of the punctum sleeve is in a circular truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape;
the outer diameter of one end of the supporting section of the punctum sleeve, which is close to the inner cylindrical section of the punctum sleeve, is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-circular ring body of the punctum sleeve;
the holding part is fixedly connected with one end of the supporting section of the punctum sleeve, which is far away from the inner cylindrical section of the punctum sleeve.
5. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 4, wherein: a fixing structure is arranged between the punctum sleeve semi-circular ring body and the punctum sleeve supporting section;
the fixation structure can limit relative rotation between the punctal cannula semi-toroidal body and the punctal cannula support section.
6. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 5, wherein: the fixing structure comprises a clamping groove arranged on the semi-annular body of the punctum sleeve and a pin arranged at the head end of the support section of the punctum sleeve;
the clamping groove is assembled with the pin correspondingly.
7. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 1, wherein: the punctal cannula wall has a thickness of no greater than 0.1 mm.
8. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 1, wherein: the conical head end is a hemisphere, and the diameter of the sphere is 0.2-0.5 mm; under the condition that the lacrimal punctum can be explored, the diameter of the sphere at the head end of the cone can be as large as possible;
the plane end edge of the hemisphere is connected with the small end edge of the expansion cone.
9. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 1, wherein: scales are marked at the positions, close to the end side of the conical head, of the expansion cone, and 1mm and 2mm away from the conical head.
10. The minimally invasive punctal dilator of claim 1, wherein: the diameter range of the cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve is 0.6-1.2 mm; the inner diameter of the punctal cannula matches the diameter of the cylindrical section within the punctal cannula.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a minimally invasive punctum dilator.
Background
The current methods for detecting and treating lacrimal duct obstruction are as follows: lacrimal passage irrigation, lacrimal passage probing, and the like. And lacrimal access typically entails first punctal dilation. The head end of the current punctal dilator is a cone with the diameter of 3-4mm, so that doctors do not know when the punctal dilator is fully dilated when the punctal dilator is used, the dilation can be judged only according to the experience of the doctors, and 2 conditions often occur:
1. the expansion is insufficient, and the tissue damage is increased by repeated expansion, repeated action and operation friction.
2. Over-expansion, resulting in punctal injury and even punctal cleft, affects the tear drainage function.
The size of the lacrimal punctum is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the maximum lacrimal punctum can be expanded by 5 times without damage; so the current conical punctal dilators of 3-4mm diameter inevitably increase the chance of punctal injury; the design of the diameter of 3-4mm instead of 1.0-1.5 mm is because the lacrimal punctum is expanded without damage, and most of the lacrimal punctum is recovered after the dilator is removed (because the fibrous tissue ring around the lacrimal punctum is contracted), so the lacrimal probe and other instruments can not be entered.
A 3-4mm conical punctum dilator is used for carrying out punctum dilation, the dilation is small, and the fibrous tissue ring around the punctum contracts to recover the punctum when the dilator is removed; when the lacrimal punctum is enlarged, the lacrimal punctum can not restore the original state even has crack to affect the diversion of the lacrimal fluid due to certain tissue damage.
Surgery has now fully entered the minimally invasive age, and punctal dilation methods have remained decades ago.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a minimally invasive type punctum dilator, which can solve the problem that the size of the punctum dilation can not be controlled as required, so that the punctum dilation can be carried out in one step as required, the punctum is damaged to the minimum extent, and the tissue damage is reduced. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the lacrimal duct is supported by the lacrimal duct sleeve after the lacrimal duct is expanded, the problem that the resistance position judgment caused by lacrimal duct obstruction during probing is influenced by the friction resistance generated by lacrimal duct retraction and lacrimal duct probes is solved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: providing a minimally invasive punctal dilator; the method comprises the following steps: a punctal dilator comprising a conical tip and a dilating cone; the expansion cone is provided with a large head end and a small head end along the central axis thereof, the cone head end is arranged at the small head end of the expansion cone, and the cone head end is an arc-shaped surface; the big end of the expansion cone is integrally connected with a cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve, the cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve has an extension direction, and the cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve is a cylinder with uniform cross-sectional diameter in the direction vertical to the extension direction; the edge of the cylindrical section in the lacrimal sleeve is connected with the edge of the big end of the expansion cone, and the cylindrical section in the lacrimal sleeve is fixedly connected with a holding part at one end far away from the expansion cone; and
a punctal cannula including a punctal cannula wall and a punctal cannula accommodating surface; the lacrimal point sleeve wall is sleeved on the cylindrical section in the lacrimal point sleeve, and the lacrimal point sleeve wall and the cylindrical section in the lacrimal point sleeve can slide relatively; the punctal cannula wall has the punctal cannula accommodating surface near one end of the expansion cone.
Further, the punctum cannula adaptation surface is an inclined surface, the punctum cannula adaptation surface of the inclined surface is continued in a backward equal inclination manner along the inclination direction of the expansion cone inclined surface, and the front end edge of the punctum cannula adaptation surface is connected with the outer edge of the large end of the expansion cone.
Further, the punctal cannula also includes a structure located at the end distal to the expansion cone and integrally connected to the punctal cannula wall to allow the punctal cannula to pass completely into the lacrimal passage.
Further, the structure of the lacrimal passage preventing sleeve which completely enters the lacrimal passage is a half-ring body of the lacrimal passage sleeve, and one end of the half-ring body of the lacrimal passage sleeve, which is far away from the expansion cone, is integrally connected with the wall of the lacrimal passage sleeve;
the punctal cannula semi-circular body is positioned outside the punctal cannula wall;
the inner cylindrical section of the lacrimal sleeve is fixedly connected with a supporting section of the lacrimal sleeve at one end far away from the expansion cone; the support section of the punctum sleeve is in a circular truncated cone shape or a cylindrical shape;
the outer diameter of one end of the supporting section of the punctum sleeve, which is close to the inner cylindrical section of the punctum sleeve, is consistent with the outer diameter of the semi-circular ring body of the punctum sleeve;
the holding part is fixedly connected with one end of the supporting section of the punctum sleeve, which is far away from the inner cylindrical section of the punctum sleeve.
Further, the surface of the punctal cannula semi-torus is a smooth round blunt surface to prevent damage to surrounding ocular tissue.
Further, a fixing structure is arranged between the punctum sleeve semi-circular ring body and the punctum sleeve supporting section;
the fixation structure can limit relative rotation between the punctal cannula semi-toroidal body and the punctal cannula support section.
Furthermore, the fixing structure comprises a clamping groove arranged on the half-torus of the punctum sleeve and a pin arranged at the head end of the supporting section of the punctum sleeve;
the clamping groove is assembled with the pin correspondingly.
Further, the punctal cannula wall has a thickness of no greater than 0.1 mm.
Furthermore, the head end of the cone is a hemisphere, and the diameter of the hemisphere is 0.2-0.5 mm; under the condition that the lacrimal punctum can be explored, the diameter of the sphere at the head end of the cone can be as large as possible;
the plane end edge of the hemisphere is connected with the small end edge of the expansion cone.
Furthermore, scales are marked on the expansion cone at positions 1mm and 2mm away from the cone head end near the cone head end side, so that the depth of the lacrimal punctum expander entering the lacrimal punctum is identified, and the false tract is reduced.
Further, the outer diameter range of the cylindrical section in the lacrimal punctum sleeve is 0.6-1.2 mm; the inner diameter of the punctal cannula matches the outer diameter of the cylindrical section within the punctal cannula.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the minimally invasive lacrimal dilator, after the lacrimal punctum is dilated, the lacrimal cannula is naturally kept in the lacrimal punctum and the lacrimal canaliculus to support the lacrimal punctum in place, the stability is high, the lacrimal probe can conveniently go in and out without resistance, and operations such as repeatedly pulling and searching the lacrimal punctum are not needed (for example, the lacrimal cannula is not used, when the lacrimal probe is used for probing, the contraction of the lacrimal punctum and the friction with the lacrimal probe generate obvious resistance, so that the blocking position is difficult to accurately judge), so that the resistance position is clear when the lacrimal probe is probed, and the blocking position is easy to judge. Meanwhile, the lacrimal punctum is expanded in place in one step as required, and the lacrimal punctum is not damaged, so that the tissue damage is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a minimally invasive punctal dilator according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is one of the exploded schematic views of a preferred embodiment of the minimally invasive punctal dilator of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a second exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the minimally invasive punctal dilator of the invention;
the parts in the drawings are numbered as follows:
1. a conical head end; 2. expanding the cone; 3. a cylindrical section within the punctum cannula; 4. a punctal cannula support section; 5. a grip portion; 31. the punctal cannula wall; 32. punctal cannula compliant surface; 33. a punctal cannula semi-torus; 331. a card slot; 41. a pin.
Detailed Description
In the following description, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and for the purpose of facilitating understanding of structure and function thereof, some structures are not shown to scale so that advantages and features of the present invention may be more readily understood by those skilled in the art, and thus the scope of the present invention will be more clearly and clearly defined. Some description concepts in the embodiments are defined herein: the side close to the
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention includes: punctal dilators and punctal cannulae. The lacrimal dilator is provided with a
The rear end of the
The matched lacrimal cannula is sleeved outside the
It is noted that
The tail end of the
The
As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, a fixing structure is provided between the half-
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment, scales are marked on the side of the
The use method of the minimally invasive punctal dilator comprises the following steps:
the assembled minimally invasive lacrimal dilator is pressed into a lacrimal punctum in a direction vertical to an eyelid edge, a scale line of 1mm is covered on the lacrimal punctum, the assembled minimally invasive lacrimal dilator is rotated to be parallel to the eyelid edge when the scale line of 2mm is not covered, a holding
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
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