阅读说明：本技术 二氧化硅气凝胶柔弹性隔热保温材料与ePTFE膜贴合层压的复合材料及制备方法和用途 (Composite material laminated by attaching silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and ePTFE (expanded polyethylene) membrane as well as preparation method and application the) 是由 张云 丁荣华 雷伟 花金旦 李炳健 宋海民 于 2019-04-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种二氧化硅气凝胶柔弹性隔热保温材料与ePTFE膜贴合层压的复合材料及其制备方法和用途,首先制备二氧化硅气凝胶柔弹性隔热保温材料,然后在膨体聚四氟乙烯微孔薄膜上涂布胶黏剂,与二氧化硅气凝胶柔弹性隔热保温材料进行贴合,并进行热压干燥,最后在室温内熟成24小时以上,即制得该复合材料,用途是将复合材料用于保暖服装、帐篷、防护服或鞋帽的里衬。通过上述方式,本发明的多层新颖结构的隔热保温透湿材料,具防风防雨水渗透和隔热保温等性能优势,并将优势充分发挥,用于各种保暖服装、帐篷、防护服和鞋帽的里衬,可消除因不透气造成的人体闷湿不舒服感,增强使用者的舒适感,提升产品质量。(The invention discloses a composite material laminated by attaching a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and an ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. Through the mode, the heat-insulating moisture-permeable material with the multilayer novel structure has the performance advantages of wind prevention, rain prevention, water permeation prevention, heat insulation, heat preservation and the like, fully exerts the advantages, is used for linings of various warm-keeping clothes, tents, protective clothing and shoes and hats, can eliminate the discomfort caused by stuffiness and dampness of human bodies due to air impermeability, enhances the comfort of users, and improves the product quality.)

1. A preparation method of a composite material laminated by bonding a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and an ePTFE membrane is characterized by comprising the steps of firstly preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material, then coating an adhesive on an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane, bonding the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane with the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material, carrying out hot-pressing drying, and finally curing at room temperature for more than 24 hours to obtain the composite material laminated by bonding the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the ePTFE membrane.

2. The preparation method of the composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is solvent type PU adhesive, the adhesive is formed by diluting aromatic PU resin with toluene or MEK or DMF or ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate), and the viscosity range of the adhesive is 20,000 +/-3,000 cps/LVT/25 ℃.

3. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material is a material which is formed by wrapping and combining silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder and high molecular polymer by a foaming process and has a completely open-pore, completely closed-pore or semi-open and semi-closed-pore structure, wherein the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder is embedded on the hole wall formed by the high molecular polymer, the preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder containing 1-40wt% and the raw material of the high molecular polymer, and then pressurizing and heating the mixture to fully knead the mixture evenly, extruding the kneaded raw materials into pull pieces, and carrying out continuous or intermittent foaming on the pull pieces to prepare the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material.

4. The method for preparing the composite material laminated by the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the ePTFE membrane according to the claim 3 is characterized in that the high molecular polymer comprises one or more than two of granular powder mixed according to the proportion of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer, Polyurethane (PU), polyimide PI, epoxy resin, Melamine Melamine, Natural Rubber (NR), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Butadiene Rubber (BR), Isoprene Rubber (IR), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR), butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (HNBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM).

5. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE film according to claim 3, wherein the raw material further comprises a vulcanizing agent, and the vulcanizing agent is an organic vulcanizing agent and comprises one or more combinations of organic peroxides, quinone oxime compounds, polysulfide polymers, urethane and maleimide derivatives, and is used for activating the double bonds of the high molecular polymer to further polymerize.

6. The preparation method of the composite material laminated by the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane is characterized in that the raw materials further comprise a flame retardant, and the flame retardant is divided into an inorganic flame retardant and an organic flame retardant, and comprises one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, a halogen flame retardant, a nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardant and a nitrogen-containing flame retardant.

7. The method for preparing the composite material by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane according to claim 3, wherein the raw material or the raw material further comprises 1 to 20 weight percent of glass beads.

8. The preparation method of the composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane according to claim 1, wherein the hot-pressing drying temperature is 80-100 ℃.

9. The composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and an ePTFE (ePTFE) membrane is characterized by being prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane is laminated on one side or two sides of the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material.

10. Use of a silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material laminated with an ePTFE membrane composite according to claim 9, for lining of thermal garments, tents, protective clothing or footwear hats.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a composite material laminated by a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and an ePTFE membrane, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The lining materials on the market at present have poor heat-insulating effect, and particularly in spring, autumn and winter, people need to wear thick outer-sleeved cotton clothes, woolen sweaters, cotton trousers, down jackets, thick shoes and hats and the like, the clothes materials have the advantages of quick ventilation and heat dissipation, quick temperature reduction of human bodies, and frequent feeling of cold and heaviness; or the clothes made of the artificial leather is moisture-proof, and a sealed artificial climate environment is formed between the clothes and a human body, so that people can feel stuffy, damp and hot, and bad reactions such as skin itch and allergy can be caused after wearing the clothes for a long time, and the healthy life is influenced; the ultrathin PVC or PU plastic air-impermeable film is also used in the lining of the thermal fabric to enhance the wind resistance, prevent hot air from permeating out, easily cause static electricity and have strong stuffy feeling, the static electricity accelerates the drying of skin and the generation of dermatitis, and the stuffy feeling causes sweat steam of a human body to be bonded on the surfaces of underwear and the human body to cause dermatitis and eczema; at present, the heat-preservation effect of the heat-preservation fabric (such as all-round fabric, polyester cotton and chemical fiber) is common in the market.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a composite material formed by laminating a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material and an ePTFE (expanded polyethylene) membrane, a preparation method and application thereof, can have the performances of wind prevention, rain penetration prevention, heat insulation, heat preservation and the like, can be used in extreme environments of severe cold and severe summer, and saves a large amount of energy.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: firstly, preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material, then coating adhesive on an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film, attaching the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous film and the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material, carrying out hot-pressing drying, and finally curing at room temperature for more than 24 hours to obtain the composite material laminated by attaching the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the ePTFE film.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesive is a solvent-type PU adhesive, and is formed by diluting aromatic PU resin with toluene or MEK or DMF or ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate), and the viscosity range of the adhesive is 20,000 +/-3,000 cps/LVT/25 ℃.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material is a material which is formed by wrapping and combining silica aerogel particle powder and a high molecular polymer by a foaming process to form a structure with complete open pores, completely closed pores or semi-open semi-closed pores, wherein the silica aerogel particle powder is embedded on the pore walls formed by the high molecular polymer, and the preparation method comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing raw materials comprising 1-40wt% of the silica aerogel particle powder and the high molecular polymer, then pressurizing and heating the raw materials to be fully and uniformly kneaded, extruding the kneaded raw materials into pull pieces, and carrying out a continuous or intermittent foaming process on the pull pieces to prepare the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high molecular polymer includes a granular powder formed by mixing one or more of polyethylene PE, polypropylene PP, polyethylene terephthalate PET, ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane PU, polyimide PI, epoxy resin, Melamine, natural rubber NR, styrene butadiene rubber SBR, butadiene rubber BR, isoprene rubber IR, chloroprene rubber CR, butyl rubber IIR, butadiene acrylonitrile rubber NBR, hydrogenated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber HNBR, ethylene propylene rubber EPM, and EPDM in proportion.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material further comprises a vulcanizing agent, which is an organic vulcanizing agent, including one or more combinations of organic peroxides, quinone oxime compounds, polysulfide polymers, urethane and maleimide derivatives, for activating the double bonds of the high molecular polymer to further polymerize.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material further comprises a flame retardant, wherein the flame retardant is selected from inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants, including one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, halogen-based flame retardants, nitrogen-phosphorus-based flame retardants and nitrogen-based flame retardants.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material may further comprise 1 to 20wt% of glass particles.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the hot-pressing drying is 80 ℃ to 100 ℃.

The invention also relates to a composite material formed by laminating the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material and the ePTFE membrane, which is prepared according to the method, wherein the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane is laminated on one side or two sides of the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material.

The invention also relates to the application of the composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane, which is used for the lining of thermal clothes, tents, protective clothing or shoes and hats.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the silica aerogel flexible elastic heat-insulation material and the microporous film of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) are coated, laminated and firmly attached on one side or two sides by using the adhesive to form the multi-layer heat-insulation moisture-permeable material with a novel structure, have the performance advantages of wind prevention, rain prevention, water permeation, heat insulation, heat preservation and the like, fully exert the advantages, are used for linings of various heat-insulation clothes, tents, protective clothing and shoes and hats, can eliminate the discomfort of a human body caused by air impermeability, enhance the comfort of a user and improve the product quality.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the composite material laminated by bonding a silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation material and an ePTFE membrane according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another preferred embodiment of the composite material formed by laminating the silica aerogel flexible and elastic thermal insulation material and the ePTFE membrane according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

a composite material laminated by laminating a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and an ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane comprises a silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material 1 and an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane 2, wherein the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane 2 is laminated on one side or two sides of the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material 1 to form a heat insulation moisture permeable material with a multilayer structure, as shown in figures 1 and 2.

The heat-insulating and moisture-permeable material is used for the lining of warm-keeping clothes, tents, protective clothing or shoes and hats, so that the warm-keeping clothes, tents, protective clothing or shoes and hats have the performances of wind prevention, rain penetration prevention, softness, heat insulation, moisture permeability, attractive appearance and the like.

Moisture permeability means: the heat preservation and the humidity among the human body, the clothes and the external environment meet the heat balance requirement of the human body comfort, so that the heat, the humidity and other conditions between the surface of the human body and the inner layer of the clothes are within the physiological regulation range of the human body, a comfortable microminiature climate environment between the surface of the human body and the inner layer of the clothes is created, the molecular diameter of vapor formed by the human body regulating the body temperature and sweating is only 0.0004 mu m, the microfibers of the microporous film of the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) form micropores with the pore diameter of 0.1 mu m-20 mu m and the inside and outside permeability, the micropores can allow the sweat and the moisture vapor to permeate, the microporous film of the ePTFE has excellent moisture permeability, the vapor discharged by the human body can be transmitted to the external environment in time, the vapor is prevented from being condensed into liquid water in the climate of the inner clothes, the possibility of heat conduction loss is reduced, and the feeling of stuffiness and wetness is avoided, the comfort of the user is improved.

The wind prevention means that: the fabric has the characteristic that outside air cannot penetrate through the fabric and contact with human body in climate, microfibers of a microporous film of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) form a bent staggered microchannel with the inside-outside permeability and the pore diameter of 0.1-20 microns, the windward surface of the film is opposite to side wind, wind cannot directly pass through the microporous film, the direction of the wind returns when the wind passes through the curved microchannel, a large number of micropores are densely distributed on the surface of the film, and the occurrence of convection heat dissipation of inside and outside air can be effectively prevented by combining with a laminated composite fabric structure, so that the temperature change of the human body is reduced, and the fabric has a good windproof performance.

The invention also relates to a preparation method of the composite material laminated by the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the ePTFE membrane, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material 1, then coating the adhesive 3 on the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane 2, laminating the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane with the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material 1, carrying out hot-pressing drying at the temperature of 80-100 ℃, and finally curing at room temperature for more than 24 hours to obtain the composite material laminated by the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation material and the ePTFE membrane.

The adhesive is solvent type PU adhesive, aromatic PU resin is diluted by toluene or MEK or DMF or ethyl acetate (ethyl acetate) to form the adhesive, and the viscosity range of the adhesive is 20,000 +/-3,000 cps/LVT/25 ℃.

Wherein, the thickness of the adhesive can be adjusted according to the type of the bonding material and the required physical property, and the drying condition can be adjusted according to the thickness of the adhesive and the efficiency of the oven.

The silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic heat insulation and preservation material is a material which is formed by wrapping and combining silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder and high molecular polymer by a foaming process and has a completely open-pore, completely closed-pore or semi-open and semi-closed-pore structure, wherein the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder is embedded on the pore wall formed by the high molecular polymer to form compact combination rich in elasticity and flexibility.

The particle powder of the silicon dioxide aerogel is tightly wrapped and bound by the bubble wall of the high polymer material, so that the aerogel has good tensile, compression and bending properties, the composite material can resist external force impact, the aerogel does not fall off, and the defect of dust dissipation of the fiber aerogel felt is overcome.

The cell walls of the high polymer material are tightly wrapped and bound with a large amount of silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder with a nano-microporous structure, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder is extremely low, and the room-temperature heat conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel with a high specific surface area can be as low as 0.013W/(m.k), so that the heat conductivity of the high polymer material cell walls of the composite material is greatly reduced, and the composite material has a low heat conductivity coefficient.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material is in the range of 0.021W/(m.k) -0.029W/(m.k), the thermal conductivity coefficient of the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material is equal to or lower than that of air, and the silicon dioxide aerogel flexible elastic thermal insulation material has excellent thermal insulation performance. The composite material is attached and placed between a target object and a heat source, so that heat insulation protection can be realized, and the target object is protected from being influenced by the heat source.

A preparation method of a soft elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation material of silicon dioxide aerogel comprises the steps of fully and uniformly mixing silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder, a high polymer material, a foaming agent, a plasticizer, a lubricant, a flame retardant, a coupling agent, a reinforcing agent, an antioxidant, a stabilizer, a filling agent, a coloring agent and the like in a stirrer, then putting the mixture into an internal mixer, pressurizing, heating, fully and uniformly kneading, putting the kneaded raw materials into an extruder, extruding the raw materials into sheets, cutting the sheets into blanks with certain size and weight, putting the blanks into a foaming machine, taking out the foamed and molded composite materials after continuous foaming or intermittent foaming process technology, and carrying out subsequent die cutting, longitudinal cutting, sectioning and other processing to obtain the soft elastic heat-insulation and heat-preservation composite material of silicon dioxide aerogel which is in a roll shape or a block sheet.

The high molecular polymer comprises granular powder formed by mixing one or more than two of Polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ethylene, vinyl acetate copolymer, Polyurethane (PU), Polyimide (PI), epoxy resin, Melamine (Melamine), Natural Rubber (NR), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Butadiene Rubber (BR), Isoprene Rubber (IR), Chloroprene Rubber (CR), butyl rubber (IIR), butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (NBR), hydrogenated butadiene acrylonitrile rubber (HNBR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM) and ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM) in proportion.

The silicon dioxide aerogel is a light nano porous amorphous solid material with excellent heat-proof and heat-insulating properties, the porosity of the material is as high as 80-99.8%, the typical size of the pores is 1-100nm, and the specific surface area is 200-²The thermal conductivity coefficient at room temperature can be as low as 0.013W/(m.k), and the material is a new material for heat insulation and heat preservation. The raw material of the invention comprises 1-40wt% of silicon dioxide aerogel particle powder.

The foaming agent in the foaming process is a chemical foaming agent and comprises 2, 2 '-azobisisobutyronitrile, diisopropyl azodicarboxylate, barium azodicarboxylate, diethyl azodicarboxylate, azoaminobenzene, nitroso compounds, N' -dimethyl-N, N '-dinitrosoterephthalamide, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide, 4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, 3 '-disulfonyl hydrazide diphenyl sulfone, 1, 3-benzenedisulfonyl hydrazide, p-toluenesulfonyl semicarbazide, 4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonyl semicarbazide, trihydrazino triazine, 5-phenyltetrazole or polysiloxane-polyalkoxy ether copolymer.

The continuous foaming technology of the high polymer material generally comprises twin-screw continuous extrusion molding foaming and spraying foaming. The techniques for intermittent foaming include injection molding foaming, molding, blow molding, casting, and the like.

The raw materials further comprise a vulcanizing agent which is an organic vulcanizing agent and comprises one or more combinations of organic peroxides (such as benzoyl peroxide and dicumyl peroxide), quinone oxime compounds, polysulfide polymers, urethane and maleimide derivatives, and the vulcanizing agent is used for activating double bonds of the high molecular polymer to further polymerize.

The raw materials further comprise a filler which comprises talcum powder, calcium carbonate, quartz sand or carborundum and is used for further improving the specified characteristics of the composite material, such as density, hardness or glossiness.

The raw materials further comprise flame retardants which are divided into inorganic flame retardants and organic flame retardants, including one or a combination of more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide, halogen flame retardants (organic chlorides and organic bromides), nitrogen-phosphorus flame retardants and nitrogen flame retardants.

The raw materials further comprise colorants for adjusting the color of the composite material, including organic colorants and inorganic colorants, including carbon black, titanium dioxide, zinc powder, cadmium red, ferric oxide, chrome yellow, zinc yellow and the like.