阅读说明：本技术 一种市郊铁路的在役钢轨检测装置 (In-service steel rail detection device for suburban railway ) 是由 宋夏子 朱哲欣 于 2019-04-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及市郊铁路维护设备领域,特别涉及一种市郊铁路的在役钢轨检测装置,检测装置的数量为两个,且包括包括支撑梁、沿一直线顺序依次设于支撑梁下方的激光采集系统、超声探伤系统和供料系统,激光采集系统包括光束发射器和CCD相机,光束发射器设于支撑梁的外侧,CCD相机设于光束发射器的正下方,超声探伤系统包括超声波探伤仪和弹性接触件,超声波探伤仪输出端的底部固定有接触头,弹性接触件设于支撑梁下方,接触头与弹性接触件下端连接,弹性接触件的上端与支撑梁的底部螺纹连接,供料系统包括供料器和回收器,供料器与接触头内相连通,回收器设于接触头的周边,并且还与供料器相连通,本发明能够大幅提升超声波探伤仪检测结果的可靠性。(The invention relates to the field of suburb railway maintenance equipment, in particular to an in-service steel rail detection device for suburb railways, which comprises two detection devices, a laser acquisition system, an ultrasonic flaw detection system and a feeding system, wherein the two detection devices comprise a supporting beam, a laser acquisition system, an ultrasonic flaw detection system and a feeding system, the laser acquisition system is sequentially arranged below the supporting beam along a straight line, the laser acquisition system comprises a light beam emitter and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera, the light beam emitter is arranged on the outer side of the supporting beam, the CCD camera is arranged right below the light beam emitter, the ultrasonic flaw detection system comprises an ultrasonic flaw detector and an elastic contact element, a contact head is fixed at the bottom of the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector, the elastic contact element is arranged below the supporting beam, the contact head is connected with the lower end of the elastic contact element, the upper end of the, and the feeder is also communicated with the feeding device, so that the reliability of the detection result of the ultrasonic flaw detector can be greatly improved.)

1. The utility model provides an in-service rail detection device of suburb railway, includes detection vehicle, its characterized in that: the detection device comprises a supporting beam (2), a laser acquisition system sequentially arranged below the supporting beam (2) along a straight line, an ultrasonic flaw detection system and a feeding system for providing a water coupling medium, wherein the laser acquisition system comprises a light beam emitter (3) and a CCD (charge coupled device) camera (3a), the light beam emitter (3) is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the supporting beam (2), the CCD camera (3a) is arranged under the light beam emitter (3), the ultrasonic flaw detection system comprises an ultrasonic flaw detector (4) and an elastic contact element, a contact head (5) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector (4), and the elastic contact element is vertically arranged below the supporting beam (2), the contact head (5) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the elastic contact element, the upper end of the elastic contact element is in threaded connection with the bottom of the supporting beam (2), the feeding system comprises a feeder and a recoverer, the feeder is communicated with the contact head (5), and the recoverer is arranged on the periphery of the contact head (5) and is also communicated with the feeder.

2. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the two supporting beams (2) are arranged on the steel rail (1), all the laser transmitters are arranged between the two supporting beams (2), the projection direction of the laser transmitters and the plane of the rail head (1a) of the steel rail (1) form an obtuse angle with an upward opening of 105 degrees, the irradiation direction of the CCD camera (3a) is intersected with the projection direction of the laser transmitters, and the CCD camera (3a) can capture the tread (1b) and the inner side face of the rail head (1a) in the steel rail (1).

3. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top at a supporting beam (2) is installed to the fuselage of ultrasonic flaw detector (4), the output of ultrasonic flaw detector (4) is the vertical below that is in a supporting beam (2), elastic contact spare is including adjusting post (4a) and tightly touching spring (4b), the axle center department of adjusting post (4a) offers the output that is used for supplying ultrasonic flaw detector (4) and the shaft hole that the connecting wire can run through, it vertically runs through a supporting beam (2) to adjust post (4a), the external screw thread has been seted up to the surface of adjusting post (4a), adjust post (4a) through external screw thread and supporting beam (2) spiro union cooperation, tightly touch spring (4b) and locate between adjusting post (4a) and contact head (5), and its both ends respectively with adjust post (4a) and contact head (5) fixed connection.

4. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 3, wherein: the close contact spring (4b) is a rubber composite spring.

5. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: alignment hole (5a) that supplies the output of ultrasonic flaw detector (4) to run through is seted up in contact (5), the lower surface level of the output of ultrasonic flaw detector (4) is higher than the lower surface level of contact (5), ring channel (5b) that the external diameter is greater than alignment hole (5a) are still seted up to the lower surface of contact (5), a plurality of circumference equiangular distribution's aperture (5b1) along it are seted up to the tank bottom of ring channel (5b), annular extrusion chamber (5e) have been seted up in the first half section of contact (5), annular extrusion chamber (5e) are linked together with all apertures (5b1), the feeder includes delivery pump (6) and storage case (6a), the output of delivery pump (6) passes through high pressure hose and communicates in the annular extrusion chamber (5e), the input of delivery pump (6) communicates in with storage case (6 a).

6. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 5, wherein: the recoverer comprises a recovery pump (7), a scraping plate (7a) and two symmetrical material collecting bins (7c), wherein the two material collecting bins (7c) respectively correspond to one side of a steel rail (1), the cross section of each material collecting bin (7c) is close to an isosceles triangle, the material collecting bins (7c) are arranged in an inclined posture, a feeding port is formed in the outer side surface of one waist edge of each material collecting bin (7c) and faces the direction of the steel rail (1), a plurality of discharging ports (7d) are formed in the bottom of each material collecting bin (7c), a material receiving pipe (7t) is arranged below each discharging port (7d), a material absorbing main pipe (7m) is arranged below each material collecting bin (7c), each material absorbing main pipe (7m) is communicated with all the material receiving pipes (7t) corresponding to the material absorbing main pipe, the output end of the recovery pump (7) is respectively communicated with one end of one material absorbing main pipe (7m) through two ends of a Y-shaped pipeline, the input end of recovery pump (7) and storage case (6a) intercommunication, scrape flitch (7a) and be the slope and locate between two collection feed bins (7c), the articulated cooperation in bottom through first torsional spring (7b) and supporting beam (2) of upper end of scraping flitch (7a), the free end of scraping flitch (7a) is in under the normality first torsional spring (7b) and is can rotate 30 with clockwise, the top of supporting beam (2) is equipped with the regulator that can be used for driving two collection feed bins (7c) and can move in opposite directions or dorsad.

7. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 6, wherein: the regulator includes two symmetrical guide bars (8), two guide bars (8) correspond the one end of an album feed bin (7c) respectively, every guide bar (8) all are the level and run through two album feed bins (7c) by left right side in proper order, one of them guide bar (8) are two-way lead screw (8a), and the cover is equipped with two nut slider (8b) on this two-way lead screw (8a), two nut slider (8b) are connected with an album feed bin (7c) respectively, two-way lead screw (8a) and the equal coupling of another guide bar (8) are in the top of a supporting beam (2), rotating handle (8c) are installed to the one end of two-way lead screw (8 a).

8. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 6, wherein: the scraping plate (7a) is a rubber plate.

9. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of a supporting beam (2) is provided with a high-pressure air nozzle (9) below, the air outlet end of the high-pressure air nozzle (9) is provided with an extension air nozzle (9a) inclining downwards, the inclining direction of the extension air nozzle (9a) and the tread (1b) of the steel rail (1) form a 35-degree included angle with an opening facing an ultrasonic flaw detection system, the extension air nozzle (9a) is of a flat structure, the top of the front end of the supporting beam (2) is provided with a high-pressure pump (9b), and the high-pressure pump (9b) is communicated with the high-pressure air nozzle (9) through.

10. The in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end and the rear end of the supporting beam (2) are respectively hinged with a swing arm (10) through a second torsion spring, the shaft connection ends of the two swing arms (10) are arranged in opposite directions, the other ends of the two swing arms are respectively connected with a walking roller (11) in a shaft mode, the two swing arms (10) and the supporting beam (2) are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid mode, and the two swing arms (10) are respectively waist edges of the isosceles trapezoid.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of suburb railway maintenance equipment, in particular to an in-service steel rail detection device of a suburb railway.

Background

The suburb railway is also called a commuting railway, is a railway connecting urban areas and suburbs and connecting satellite towns or urban districts in a range of dozens of kilometers or even larger around the city, serves passengers on duty and off duty, is generally long in station spacing, and has obvious effect on evacuating central urban people El to surrounding satellite cities. The railway line is often a part of a main railway connected with a large and medium city, a connecting line is generally arranged on the main railway, equipment is the same as the main railway, most of the lines are built on the ground, the operation characteristics of the lines are close to those of the main railway, and only service objects are different. Different from other types such as underground railways in urban rail transit systems. In suburban railways, suburban passenger trains, main passenger trains and freight trains are usually operated in a mixed manner. In rail equipment, rails are the most important components to directly bear the load of a train and guide the running of wheels. Whether the technical state of the steel rail is intact directly influences whether the train can run safely, stably and uninterruptedly at the specified speed. The railway locomotive transmits driving force and braking force through friction force between wheel rails, the friction between the wheel rails can cause the abrasion of the steel rail, the main abrasion surface is the tread of the steel rail, the abrasion can cause the tread of the steel rail to generate wave abrasion lines, the potential safety hazard in the running of a train is greatly caused, and meanwhile, the rail is broken after the cracks on the surface of the steel rail are repeatedly rolled, and the possibility of derailment is increased. The existing detection of the steel rail welding seam mainly adopts manual observation of the welding seam, and the ultrasonic detection is carried out on each position of the steel rail welding seam by manual work. Because the manual flaw detection is greatly influenced by the manual factors such as the technical level and the responsibility of personnel, the problems of missed detection, false alarm and the like often occur, the quality and the efficiency of the manual flaw detection are lower,

according to the above problems, by searching: CN201510021815.2 discloses a steel rail damage detection cart, which comprises a pushing handle, traveling wheels, a vertical detection frame, an image detection device, an ultrasonic detection device and an ARM11 processor, wherein the traveling wheels are used for realizing that the detection cart travels between steel rails, the image detection device and the ultrasonic detection device are arranged on the vertical detection frame in an up-down manner, the image detection device performs image processing on collected steel rail images, the ultrasonic detection device performs ultrasonic detection on the steel rails, the ARM11 processor is respectively connected with the image detection device and the ultrasonic detection device, and based on the image processing result and the ultrasonic detection result, the damage degree of the steel rails is determined. By the method and the device, the damage degree of all the steel rails on the travelling path of the cart can be accurately detected, and important reference data are provided for maintenance of the steel rails.

The disadvantages of the above solution are: it adopts rivers to implement the clearance to the rail surface of rail, there is the poor problem of cleaning performance, and the length of rail is big, the water yield drops into too high, and more importantly simultaneously, it adopts ultrasonic flaw detection principle technique, but does not explain ultrasonic flaw detector's concrete mounting structure in detail, because when the car of detecting a flaw along the direction of laying motion of rail, speed uncertainty, whether then ultrasonic flaw detector's output and rail detection face can stable coupling, if leave too big interval in advance, will influence the reflection law of ultrasonic wave certainly, so can cause the reduction of the accuracy of ultrasonic flaw detector's testing result.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an in-service steel rail detection device for suburban railways, aiming at the defects of the prior art.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

an in-service steel rail detection device of suburb railways comprises a detection vehicle, the number of the detection devices is two, the two detection devices are respectively used for being placed on a tread of a steel rail to be detected, the detection device is fixedly connected with the front end of the detection vehicle, the detection device comprises a supporting beam, a laser acquisition system, an ultrasonic flaw detection system and a feeding system, the laser acquisition system is sequentially arranged below the supporting beam along a straight line, the ultrasonic flaw detection system comprises a light beam emitter and a CCD camera, the light beam emitter is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the supporting beam, the CCD camera is arranged under the light beam emitter, the ultrasonic flaw detection system comprises an ultrasonic flaw detector and an elastic contact element, the bottom of the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector is fixedly provided with a contact head, the elastic contact element is vertically arranged below the supporting beam, and the contact head is fixedly connected, the upper end of the elastic contact element is in threaded connection with the bottom of the supporting beam, the feeding system comprises a feeder and a recoverer, the feeder is communicated with the interior of the contact head, and the recoverer is arranged on the periphery of the contact head and is also communicated with the feeder.

Further, when the two supporting beams are both arranged on the steel rail, all the laser transmitters are arranged between the two supporting beams, the projection direction of each laser transmitter and the rail head plane of the steel rail form an obtuse angle with an upward opening of 105 degrees, the irradiation direction of the CCD camera is intersected with the projection direction of each laser transmitter, and the CCD camera can capture the rail head tread and the inner side face of the rail head tread.

Further, the top at a supporting beam is installed to the fuselage of ultrasonic flaw detector, the output of ultrasonic flaw detector is the vertical below that is in a supporting beam, elastic contact spare is including adjusting the post and tightly touching the spring, the axle center department of adjusting the post offers the shaft hole that the output that is used for supplying the ultrasonic flaw detector and connecting wire can run through, it is vertical to run through a supporting beam to adjust the post, the external screw thread has been seted up to the surface of adjusting the post, it passes through external screw thread and supporting beam spiro union cooperation to adjust the post, tightly touch the spring and locate between regulation post and the contact, and its both ends respectively with regulation post and contact fixed connection.

Further, the close contact spring is a rubber composite spring.

Further, the alignment hole that supplies the output of ultrasonic flaw detector to run through is seted up to the contact, the lower surface level of the output of ultrasonic flaw detector is higher than the lower surface level of contact, the ring channel that the external diameter is greater than the alignment hole is still seted up to the lower surface of contact, the cell bottom of ring channel is seted up the aperture that a plurality of circumference equal angular distributions along it, annular extrusion chamber has been seted up in the first half section of contact, annular extrusion chamber is linked together with all apertures, the feeder includes delivery pump and storage case, the output of delivery pump passes through high-pressure hose and communicates in the annular extrusion chamber, the input of delivery pump communicates in with the storage case.

Furthermore, the recoverer comprises a recovery pump, scraping plates and two symmetrical material collecting bins, wherein the two material collecting bins correspond to one side of a steel rail respectively, the cross section of each material collecting bin is close to an isosceles triangle, the material collecting bins are arranged in an inclined posture, a material inlet is formed in the outer side surface of one waist edge of each material collecting bin, the material inlet faces the direction of the steel rail, a plurality of material outlets are formed in the bottom in each material collecting bin, a material receiving pipe is arranged below each material outlet, a material suction main pipe is arranged below each material collecting bin, each material suction main pipe is communicated with all the material receiving pipes corresponding to the material suction main pipes, the output end of the recovery pump is respectively communicated with one end of each material suction main pipe through the two branched ends of a Y-shaped pipeline, the input end of the recovery pump is communicated with the material storage bin, the scraping plates are obliquely arranged between the two material collecting bins, and the upper ends, the free end of the scraping plate can rotate 30 degrees in a clockwise direction under the normal state of the first torsion spring, and a regulator for driving the two material collecting bins to move towards or away from each other is arranged above the supporting beam.

Further, the regulator includes two symmetrical guide bars, and two guide bars correspond the one end of collecting the feed bin respectively, and every guide bar all is the level and runs through two collecting the feed bins by left right side in proper order, and one of them guide bar is two-way lead screw to the cover is equipped with two nut sliders on this two-way lead screw, and two nut sliders are connected with one collecting the feed bin respectively, and two-way lead screw and another guide bar equal coupling are in a supporting beam's top, and the rotating handle is installed to the one end of two-way lead screw.

Further, the scraping plate is a rubber plate.

Furthermore, a high-pressure air nozzle is arranged below the front end of the supporting beam, an extending air nozzle which inclines downwards is arranged at the air outlet end of the high-pressure air nozzle, the inclined direction of the extending air nozzle and the tread of the steel rail form a 35-degree included angle with an opening facing the ultrasonic flaw detection system, the extending air nozzle is of a flat structure, a high-pressure pump is arranged at the top of the front end of the supporting beam, and the high-pressure pump is communicated with the high-pressure air nozzle through a hose.

Furthermore, the front end and the rear end of the supporting beam are respectively hinged with a swing arm through a second torsion spring, the shaft connection ends of the two swing arms are arranged in opposite directions, the other ends of the two swing arms are respectively connected with a walking roller in a shaft connection mode, the two swing arms and the supporting beam are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid shape, and the two swing arms are respectively a waist edge of the isosceles trapezoid shape.

Has the advantages that: according to the in-service steel rail detection device for the suburb railway, two detection devices are respectively placed on the tread of a steel rail to be detected, namely a support beam in a single detection device is in contact with the tread of the steel rail by virtue of the traveling rollers at the free ends of two swing arms, the support beam is positioned above the tread of the steel rail, then a detection vehicle is driven to move forwards along the steel rail, and the supporting beam is driven to be pushed by virtue of the traveling rollers by virtue of the forward force; before pushing, manually rotating the adjusting column to enable the adjusting column and the contact head to drive the detection end of the ultrasonic flaw detector to descend, enabling the lower surface of the contact head to be tightly attached to the tread of the steel rail by means of the characteristic of a rubber composite spring, then driving the two material collecting bins to move in opposite directions by means of the adjuster, enabling feeding ports of the two material collecting bins to be close to one side of the steel rail respectively, reserving an anti-friction gap, controlling the gap value, and enabling a friction-resistant rubber layer to be attached to one side, opposite to the steel rail, of the material collecting bin; then the support beam starts to move along the laying direction of the steel rail under the action of the detected vehicle, in the process, the high-pressure pump promotes air flow to transversely sweep the tread of the steel rail through the extending air nozzle, so that dust or small particles on the tread are blown away, the cleanliness of the tread of the steel rail is good, next to the air nozzle, the light beam emitter can generate light beams on the tread which is blown away previously by the steel rail, and the CCD camera irradiates the tread and the inner side surface of the steel rail in the area, wherein the inner side surface of the steel rail is the side surface which is opposite to another steel rail and is the side surface which is also contacted with the side surface of a wheel of the train, so the detection of the two surfaces effectively ensures whether the two side surfaces are flat or not and whether a wave rising surface exists or not because the tread of the steel rail must provide a continuous plane for the train wheel, the process is used for, the collected images are sent to a central control room, a control system in the central control room can be converted into gray level images, meanwhile, steel rail treads of detected steel rails after the first laying can be collected, and then feature extraction in the collected gray level images is carried out comparative analysis during detection, so that whether a certain section is uneven or not is obtained; the ultrasonic flaw detector works to generate ultrasonic waves perpendicular to the steel rail tread, so that whether an internal crack phenomenon exists in the interior of the steel rail in the height direction is detected, meanwhile, when the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector continuously generates high-frequency ultrasonic waves, the contact head can play a role of indirect coupling, the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector can keep moving with the steel rail tread by virtue of the contact head and can stably send the ultrasonic waves, the feeder can squeeze and deliver the water coupling medium into an annular groove of the contact head, the water coupling medium falls onto the steel rail tread, when the contact head moves longitudinally along the steel rail tread, the water coupling medium can be contacted and form squeezing contact, the contact head can smoothly generate smoothness by virtue of the water coupling medium and the steel rail tread, the resistance is reduced, and meanwhile, the water coupling medium can block air transmitted from a vibration gap between the bottom of the contact head and the steel rail tread, the invention can obviously improve the working stability of the ultrasonic flaw detector in the moving process, thereby improving the reliability of the detection result.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a first schematic plan view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a third schematic view of a partial perspective structure of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a fourth schematic partial perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of a contact of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a contact according to the present invention;

description of reference numerals: rail 1, railhead 1a, tread 1 b.

A support beam 2.

A light beam emitter 3, a CCD camera 3 a.

Ultrasonic flaw detector 4, adjust post 4a, close contact spring 4 b.

The contact head 5, the alignment hole 5a, the annular groove 5b, the small hole 5b1 and the annular extrusion cavity 5 e.

A feeding pump 6 and a storage tank 6 a.

The recycling pump 7, scrape flitch 7a, first torsion spring 7b, aggregate bin 7c, discharge gate 7d, material receiving pipe 7t, inhale material house steward 7 m.

A guide rod 8, a bidirectional screw 8a, a nut slider 8b and a rotating handle 8 c.

A high pressure air nozzle 9, an extension air nozzle 9a and a high pressure pump 9 b.

A swing arm 10 and a walking roller 11.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

referring to fig. 1 to 10, an in-service rail detection device for suburb railways comprises two detection vehicles, wherein the two detection devices are respectively placed on a tread 1b of a rail 1 to be detected, the detection devices are fixedly connected with the front ends of the detection vehicles, each detection device comprises a supporting beam 2, a laser acquisition system, an ultrasonic flaw detection system and a feeding system, the laser acquisition system is sequentially arranged below the supporting beam 2 along a straight line, the feeding system is used for providing a water coupling medium, the laser acquisition system comprises a light beam emitter 3 and a CCD camera 3a, the light beam emitter 3 is obliquely arranged on the outer side of the supporting beam 2, the CCD camera 3a is arranged right below the light beam emitter 3, the ultrasonic flaw detection system comprises an ultrasonic flaw detector 4 and an elastic contact element, a contact head 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4, and the elastic contact element is vertically arranged below the, the contact head 5 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the elastic contact element, the upper end of the elastic contact element is in threaded connection with the bottom of the supporting beam 2, the feeding system comprises a feeder and a recoverer, the feeder is communicated with the interior of the contact head 5, and the recoverer is arranged on the periphery of the contact head 5 and is also communicated with the feeder.

When the two support beams 2 are both positioned on the steel rail 1, all the laser transmitters are positioned between the two support beams 2, the projection direction of each laser transmitter and the plane of the rail head 1a of the steel rail 1 form an obtuse angle with an upward opening of 105 degrees, the irradiation direction of the CCD camera 3a is intersected with the projection direction of the laser transmitters, and the CCD camera 3a can capture the tread 1b and the inner side face of the rail head 1a in the steel rail 1; the laser emitter is used for projecting light to the steel rail 1, the inner side face of the rail head 1a and the tread 1b area, so that the CCD camera 3a can shoot images of partial areas of the steel rail 1, the shot images are fed back to the central control room, surface images of the steel rail 1 after the line is initially laid, namely, non-working initial images, are recorded in the central control room in advance, and then characteristics in the two images are extracted and compared, so that the flatness of the tread 1b of the service steel rail 1 can be obtained.

The machine body of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is arranged above the supporting beam 2, the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is vertically arranged below the supporting beam 2, the elastic contact element comprises an adjusting column 4a and a tight contact spring 4b, the axis of the adjusting column 4a is provided with a shaft hole through which the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 and a connecting wire thereof can penetrate, the adjusting column 4a vertically penetrates through the supporting beam 2, the outer surface of the adjusting column 4a is provided with an external thread, the adjusting column 4a is in threaded fit with the supporting beam 2 through the external thread, the tight contact spring 4b is arranged between the adjusting column 4a and the contact head 5, and the two ends of the tight contact spring are respectively and fixedly connected with the adjusting column 4a and the contact head; the contact head 5 can be driven to depend on by rotating the adjusting column 4a, and the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is clamped by the contact head and the contact head to descend, so that the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is closer to the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, and the lower surface of the contact head 5 can be stably contacted with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1; then, the contact head 5 is relied on, so that the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 can stably move along the laying direction of the steel rail 1 in the gap contact process of the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, the stability of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 in the work is greatly improved, the working detection precision is also improved, and then the detection result is reliable and real.

The close contact spring 4b is a rubber composite spring; good shock absorption, large deformation and compression space, and corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance.

The contact head 5 is provided with an alignment hole 5a through which the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 can penetrate, the lower surface level of the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is higher than the lower surface level of the contact head 5, the lower surface of the contact head 5 is also provided with an annular groove 5b of which the outer diameter is larger than the alignment hole 5a, the bottom of the annular groove 5b is provided with a plurality of small holes 5b1 which are distributed along the circumference at equal angles, the upper half section of the contact head 5 is provided with an annular extrusion cavity 5e, the annular extrusion cavity 5e is communicated with all the small holes 5b1, the feeder comprises a feeding pump 6 and a storage box 6a, the output end of the feeding pump 6 is communicated with the inside of the annular extrusion cavity 5e through a high-pressure hose, and the input end of the feeding pump 6 is communicated with; the feeding pump 6 delivers the water coupling medium in the storage tank 6a to the annular extrusion cavity 5e through the high-pressure hose, the space in the annular extrusion cavity 5e is small, the water coupling medium/agent can be compressed in the annular extrusion cavity 5e, during the compression process, by means of all the small holes 5b1, the steel rail falls into the annular groove 5b and falls onto the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, because the contact head 5 is in frictional contact with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 and then contacts with the water coupling medium, the purpose is that the lower surface of the contact head 5 is subjected to great smooth force, so that the contact head 5 can synchronously move along with the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4, the whole section detection of the steel rail 1 is matched, meanwhile, the water coupling medium also promotes the good isolation of the air around the bottom of the contact 5 and the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, and ensures that the ultrasonic reflectivity is stable when the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 works; the specific operation principle of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is the prior art, and is not described in detail here.

The recoverer comprises a recovery pump 7, a scraping plate 7a and two symmetrical material collecting bins 7c, wherein the two material collecting bins 7c respectively correspond to one side of a steel rail 1, the cross section of the material collecting bin 7c is close to an isosceles triangle, the material collecting bin 7c is arranged in an inclined posture, a feeding port is formed in the outer side surface of one waist edge of the material collecting bin 7c and faces the direction of the steel rail 1, a plurality of discharging ports 7d are formed in the bottom in the material collecting bin 7c, a material receiving pipe 7t is arranged below each discharging port 7d, a material suction main pipe 7m is arranged below each material collecting bin 7c, each material suction main pipe 7m is communicated with all material receiving pipes 7t corresponding to the material suction main pipe, the output end of the recovery pump 7 is respectively communicated with one end of one material suction main pipe 7m through the two branched ends of a Y-shaped pipeline, the input end of the recovery pump 7 is communicated with a material storage tank 6a, the scraping plate 7a is, the upper end of the scraping plate 7a is hinged and matched with the bottom of the supporting beam 2 through a first torsion spring 7b, the free end of the scraping plate 7a can rotate 30 degrees in a clockwise direction under the normal state of the first torsion spring 7b, and a regulator for driving the two material collecting bins 7c to move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction is arranged above the supporting beam 2; in the forward moving process of the support beam 2, the free end of the scraping plate 7a is in contact with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 by virtue of the acting force of the first torsion spring 7b, the support beam 2 continuously moves forward, so that the scraping plate 7a is in friction with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 in the forward moving process, the friction force enables the water coupling medium on the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 to be scraped, and after a certain amount of water coupling medium is accumulated, the water coupling medium scatters to the two sides of the steel rail 1 and falls into the material collecting bin 7c, and the recovery pump 7 can suck all the recovered water coupling medium in each material collecting bin 7c into the material storage box 6a by utilizing a Y-shaped pipeline, each material suction main pipe 7m and all the material receiving pipes 7 t.

The regulator comprises two symmetrical guide rods 8, the two guide rods 8 respectively correspond to one end of a material collecting bin 7c, each guide rod 8 is horizontal and sequentially penetrates through the two material collecting bins 7c from left to right, one guide rod 8 is a bidirectional screw 8a, two nut sliders 8b are sleeved on the bidirectional screw 8a, the two nut sliders 8b are respectively connected with one material collecting bin 7c, the bidirectional screw 8a and the other guide rod 8 are connected above the supporting beam 2 in a shaft mode, and a rotating handle 8c is installed at one end of the bidirectional screw 8 a; manually, the handle 8c is rotated to drive the bidirectional screw 8a to rotate, and then the two nut sliding blocks 8b move in opposite directions or in opposite directions, so that the two nut sliding blocks respectively drive the material collecting bin 7c at respective positions to approach the steel rail 1, in opposite directions, namely before pre-detection, the side part of the material collecting bin 7c and the outer side surface of the steel rail 1, namely the side part of the rail head 1a area of the steel rail 1 are reserved with a non-friction gap, the gap is controlled within 2mm, and the purpose is to ensure that when the scraping plate 7a scrapes the water couplant/medium on the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, the water couplant/medium can fully fall into the material collecting bin 7c when scattering to the two sides of the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 to form recycling.

The scraping plate 7a is a rubber plate; the rubber plate is durable in material and relatively small in friction resistance.

A high-pressure air nozzle 9 is arranged below the front end of the support beam 2, an extension air nozzle 9a which inclines downwards is arranged at the air outlet end of the high-pressure air nozzle 9, the inclination direction of the extension air nozzle 9a and the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 form an included angle of 35 degrees with the opening facing the ultrasonic flaw detection system, the extension air nozzle 9a is of a flat structure, a high-pressure pump 9b is arranged at the top of the front end of the support beam 2, and the high-pressure pump 9b is communicated with the high-pressure air nozzle 9 through a hose; in the forward process of the support beam 2, in order to ensure absolute clarity when the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 is shot and when a subsequent recoverer reuses the water coupling medium on the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, the high-pressure pump 9b enables the high-pressure air nozzle 9 to eject high-pressure air flow, the high-pressure air flow is projected to the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 through the extension air nozzle 9a, and small fragments and dust on the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 can be blown away due to the inclination of the extension air nozzle 9 a.

The front end and the rear end of the supporting beam 2 are respectively hinged with a swing arm 10 through a second torsion spring, the shaft connection ends of the two swing arms 10 are arranged in opposite directions, the other ends of the two swing arms 10 are respectively connected with a walking roller 11 in a shaft connection mode, the two swing arms 10 and the supporting beam 2 are distributed in an isosceles trapezoid shape, and the two swing arms 10 are respectively one waist edge of the isosceles trapezoid shape; the supporting beam 2 is fixedly connected with the front end of the detection vehicle, the supporting beam 2 is enabled to move along the steel rail 1 by the forward acting force of the detection vehicle, the two walking rollers 11 are used for implementing stable movement, and the detection vehicle refers to the existing flaw detection vehicle.

The working principle is as follows: placing two detection devices on a tread 1b of a steel rail 1 to be detected respectively, namely, enabling a support beam 2 in a single detection device to be in contact with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 by virtue of a walking roller 11 at the free end of two swing arms 10, enabling the support beam 2 to be positioned above the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, then detecting that a vehicle moves forwards along the steel rail 1, and enabling the support beam 2 to be pushed by virtue of the walking roller 11 by virtue of the forward force; before pushing, manually rotating the adjusting column 4a to enable the adjusting column and the contact head 5 to drive the detection end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 to descend, enabling the contact head 5 to enable the lower surface of the contact head 5 to be tightly attached to the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 by means of the characteristics of a rubber composite spring, then driving the two material collecting bins 7c to move in opposite directions by means of the adjuster, enabling feeding ports of the two material collecting bins to be close to one side of the steel rail 1 respectively, reserving an anti-friction gap, controlling the gap value within 2mm, and enabling the side, opposite to the steel rail 1, of the material collecting bin 7c to be attached with an anti-friction rubber layer; then the support beam 2 is acted by the detected vehicle to start moving along the laying direction of the steel rail 1, in the process, the high-pressure pump 9b makes air flow to sweep the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 transversely through the extending air nozzle 9a, so that dust or small particles on the tread 1b are blown away, the cleanness of the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 is good, then the light beam emitter 3 generates light beams on the tread 1b which is blown away previously by the steel rail 1, and the CCD camera 3a irradiates the tread 1b and the inner side surface of the steel rail 1 in the area, the inner side surface of the steel rail 1 is the side surface which is opposite to the other steel rail 1 and is the side surface which is in contact with the side surface of the train wheel, so that the detection of the two surfaces is effective to ensure that the two side surfaces indicate whether the steel rail is flat or not and whether the wave-undulating surface exists or not, because the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, the process comprises the steps of collecting surface images of a tread 1b and an inner side surface of a steel rail 1, sending the collected images to a central control room, converting a control system in the central control room into a gray image, collecting the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 after the first laying of the steel rail 1, and performing comparative analysis on feature extraction in the gray image collected during detection to obtain whether a certain section is uneven or not; and the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 will work to generate ultrasonic waves perpendicular to the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, so as to detect whether the internal part of the steel rail 1 in the height direction has an internal crack phenomenon, meanwhile, when the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 continuously generates high-frequency ultrasonic waves, the contact head 5 will play a role of indirect coupling, so that the output end of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 can keep moving with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 by virtue of the contact head 5 and can stably generate the ultrasonic waves, and the feeder will squeeze and deliver the water coupling medium into the annular groove 5b of the contact head 5, the water coupling medium falls onto the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, when the contact head 5 moves along the longitudinal direction of the tread 1b of the steel rail 1, the water coupling medium will be contacted to form squeezing contact, so that the contact head 5 can generate smooth extrusion type contact with the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 by virtue of the water, the resistance is reduced, and meanwhile, air transferred from the vibration gap between the bottom of the contact 5 and the tread 1b of the steel rail 1 can be separated by the water coupling medium, so that the air is separated, the reflection stability of ultrasonic waves of the ultrasonic flaw detector 4 is improved, and the reliability of ultrasonic detection results is improved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.