阅读说明：本技术 一种荒煤气高温除尘工艺及装置 (High-temperature dust removal process and device for raw coke oven gas ) 是由 张健 上官国清 梁万才 倪建军 郭金利 李曦 樊佳 于 2020-08-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种荒煤气高温除尘工艺及装置,除尘器用半焦作为过滤介质。热解含尘荒煤气由热解设备排出后,由荒煤气管道直接接入固定床/颗粒床荒煤气高温除尘器底部,自下而上穿过滤料,过滤荒煤气中粉尘后,净化荒煤气由除尘器上部出口排出进入下游工序。整个过滤除尘过程,管道及除尘设备保持高温状态,防止焦油析出。过滤饱和后的半焦滤料,经排出装置由除尘器底部排出,落入熄焦余热回收装置冷却。除尘装置由除尘器本体、半焦预热器、出料锁斗三部分组成。本发明具有过滤介质易得、结构简单、操作方便、运行稳定、运行成本低、环保节能等特点。(The invention discloses a high-temperature dust removal process and a high-temperature dust removal device for raw coke gas. After the pyrolysis dust-containing raw gas is discharged from the pyrolysis equipment, the raw gas is directly connected to the bottom of the fixed bed/granular bed raw gas high-temperature dust remover through a raw gas pipeline, passes through a filter material from bottom to top, and after dust in the raw gas is filtered, purified raw gas is discharged from an outlet at the upper part of the dust remover and enters a downstream process. In the whole filtering and dedusting process, the pipeline and the dedusting equipment are kept in a high-temperature state, so that tar is prevented from being separated out. The semi-coke filter material after being saturated is discharged from the bottom of the dust remover through a discharging device and falls into a coke quenching waste heat recovery device for cooling. The dust removal device consists of a dust remover body, a semicoke preheater and a discharging lock hopper. The invention has the characteristics of easy obtaining of filter media, simple structure, convenient operation, stable operation, low operation cost, environmental protection, energy conservation and the like.)

1. The raw coke gas high-temperature dust removal device is characterized by comprising a dust remover body, a semicoke preheater and a discharge lock hopper, wherein the semicoke preheater is used for adding a semicoke filter material into the dust remover and preheating semicoke, the discharge lock hopper is used for discharging powder-containing semicoke after being saturated through filtration, the top of the dust remover body is connected with the bottom of the semicoke preheater through a lower valve body of the semicoke preheater, and the bottom of the dust remover body is connected with the top of the discharge lock hopper through an upper valve body of the discharge lock hopper; the bottom in the dust remover body is provided with a pagoda-shaped grate for raw coke gas distribution, semicoke and dust discharging, one side of the bottom of the dust remover body is provided with a dust-containing raw coke gas inlet pipeline, the other side of the bottom of the dust remover body is provided with a preheated flue gas inlet pipeline, and the side surface of the top of the dust remover body is provided with a purified raw coke gas outlet; the top of the semicoke preheater is provided with an upper semicoke preheater valve body, the upper semicoke preheater valve body is provided with a net filter material adding port, and the lower semicoke preheater valve body is provided with a filter material locking hopper preheating flue gas inlet; and a dust outlet is formed at the bottom of the discharging lock hopper.

2. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dust remover body, the semi-coke preheater and the discharge lock hopper are coaxially arranged.

3. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the dust remover body comprises a dust remover shell, a liner refractory lining and a filter material bed layer.

4. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the semi-coke preheater is arranged in a jacket structure, high-temperature hot flue gas is circulated through the jacket layer to preheat raw semi-coke filter material, the semi-coke is preheated to 400 ℃, an upper valve of the semi-coke preheater adopts a cylindrical bell valve structure, and an upper valve and a lower valve of the semi-coke preheater adopt cone valves.

5. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the upper and lower parts of the lower valve body of the semi-coke preheater are both conical end sockets, and the middle part is cylindrical.

6. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the discharging lock hopper periodically receives dust and filter materials removed by rotation of a grate in the dust remover body through the upper valve body of the discharging lock hopper, and then the dust and filter materials are discharged through the discharging opening of the discharging lock hopper and enter other dust and filter material cooling devices.

7. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the top of the upper valve body of the discharging lock hopper is a convex seal head, the bottom of the upper valve body is a conical seal head, a wear-resistant steel plate is adopted, and the top and the bottom are respectively provided with an upper discharging valve and a lower discharging valve.

8. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the dust-containing raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline and the preheated flue gas inlet pipeline are connected by a tee joint, the dust raw coke oven gas inlet pipeline is connected with the connecting pipe by a 45-degree elbow, and a hand hole for removing a small amount of condensed tar is arranged at the junction of the horizontal straight pipe section and the 45-degree elbow.

9. The raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a dust remover manhole is arranged on the side surface of the top of the pagoda-shaped grate of the dust remover body.

10. A raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal process using the dust removal device of any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the pyrolysis dust-containing raw gas is discharged by the pyrolysis equipment, the dust-containing raw gas is directly connected to the bottom of the fixed bed/granular bed raw gas high-temperature dust remover through a dust raw gas inlet pipeline, passes through a filter material from bottom to top, and after dust in the dust raw gas is filtered, the purified raw gas is discharged from a purified raw gas outlet to enter a downstream process; the filter material is dry distilled semi-coke, classified by a vibration screen, and sent to a semi-coke preheater through a bucket elevator, a quantitative belt and a tubular iron remover, and is preheated by high-temperature flue gas in the semi-coke preheater, and then quantitatively added into a dust remover body, filtered and adsorbed dust is discharged through a discharge lock bucket, and then sent to a semi-coke cooling device; one path of high-temperature flue gas from the hot blast stove is connected with the preheating flue gas inlet, and the other path of high-temperature flue gas is connected with the preheating flue gas inlet of the filter material locking hopper.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of clean utilization of energy, and particularly relates to a high-temperature dust removal process and device for raw coke oven gas.

Background

Coal pyrolysis is a core technology for coal quality-based utilization, and the principle is that volatile matters and fixed carbon in coal are separated into gas-liquid two phases through dry distillation of the coal, and gas phases can be separated into oil phases (oil products) and gas-phase products (fuel gas or synthetic gas) through cooling according to gas compositions. A large amount of tiny dust is often entrained before the temperature of the gas is reduced and the oil is recovered after the dry distillation. This dust, as it enters the oil phase as it cools, is difficult to separate efficiently because the specific gravities are too close. Therefore, from a technical product quality objective, it is desirable that the gas be at a high temperature to remove entrained dust. The same problem exists in the industrial production of pyrolysis of small-particle materials of other media, such as oil shale pyrolysis, biomass pyrolysis and the like.

The traditional cyclone dust collector can only remove dust with the particle size of more than 20 microns, and dust with the particle size of less than 20 microns in raw gas produced by a plurality of pyrolysis devices still occupies a considerable proportion, so that the cyclone dust collector cannot separate the raw gas. Other dust removal means are as follows: the measures of ceramic and metal filters, etc. cause the filter to be blocked and can not run for a long period due to the phenomenon of tar precipitation caused by the fluctuation of gas temperature. The dust removal of the raw gas is a bottleneck problem which troubles all pyrolysis industries, especially the field of small particle material pyrolysis.

Therefore, the development of a raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal technology which is easy to implement large-scale amplification and stable and reliable in operation is one of key technical approaches for improving the comprehensive utilization rate of low-level energy in China and grading and utilizing resources according to quality.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of incomplete dust separation, unstable operation, easy tar precipitation, hardening and blockage of a pipeline system caused by tar precipitation and a large amount of dust due to temperature fluctuation in the existing raw coke oven gas dust removal solution, the invention provides the high-temperature dust removal process and the device for the raw coke oven gas of the fixed bed, which have stable and reliable operation and simple operation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:

a raw coke gas high-temperature dust removal device comprises a dust remover body, a semicoke preheater and a discharge lock hopper, wherein the semicoke preheater is used for adding a semicoke filter material into the dust remover and preheating semicoke, the discharge lock hopper is used for discharging powder-containing semicoke after being saturated through filtration, the top of the dust remover body is connected with the bottom of the semicoke preheater through a lower valve body of the semicoke preheater, and the bottom of the dust remover body is connected with the top of the discharge lock hopper through an upper valve body of the discharge lock hopper; the bottom in the dust remover body is provided with a pagoda-shaped grate for raw coke gas distribution, semicoke and dust discharging, one side of the bottom of the dust remover body is provided with a dust-containing raw coke gas inlet pipeline, the other side of the bottom of the dust remover body is provided with a preheated flue gas inlet pipeline, and the side surface of the top of the dust remover body is provided with a purified raw coke gas outlet; the top of the semicoke preheater is provided with an upper semicoke preheater valve body, the upper semicoke preheater valve body is provided with a net filter material adding port, and the lower semicoke preheater valve body is provided with a filter material locking hopper preheating flue gas inlet; and a dust outlet is formed at the bottom of the discharging lock hopper.

Further, dust remover body, semicoke pre-heater and ejection of compact lock fill coaxial setting.

Preferably, the dust remover body comprises a dust remover shell, a liner refractory lining and a filter material bed layer.

Further, the semicoke preheater adopts a jacket structure, and high-temperature hot flue gas flows through the jacket layer for preheating the raw material semicoke filter material and preheating the semicoke to 400 ℃. The upper valve of the semicoke preheater adopts a cylindrical bell-shaped valve structure, and semicoke enters a cylinder when a bell jar is lifted and flows to the outlet of the preheater bin; the upper and lower valves of the semicoke preheater adopt cone valves, and when the semicoke preheater is placed downwards, the semicoke falls into the dust remover body through the cone gap. The semi-coke preheater lock hopper is provided with a quantitative volume and buffers the filter material.

Preferably, the upper part and the lower part of the lower valve body of the semicoke preheater are both conical seal heads, and the middle part of the lower valve body of the semicoke preheater is cylindrical.

Furthermore, the discharging lock hopper periodically receives dust and filter materials discharged by rotation of a grate in the dust remover body through the upper valve body of the discharging lock hopper, and then the dust and filter materials are discharged through the discharging opening of the discharging lock hopper and enter other dust and filter material cooling devices.

Preferably, the top of the upper valve body of the discharging lock hopper is a convex seal head, the bottom of the upper valve body is a conical seal head, a wear-resistant steel plate is adopted, and an upper discharging valve and a lower discharging valve are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the upper valve body and used for buffering filter materials and dust and sealing raw coke oven gas.

Furthermore, the dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline and the preheated flue gas inlet pipeline are connected by adopting a tee joint, the dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline is connected with the access pipe by adopting a 45-degree elbow, and a maintenance hand hole for removing a small amount of condensed tar is arranged at the junction of the horizontal straight pipe section and the 45-degree elbow.

Preferably, the dust remover body is provided with a dust remover manhole on the side surface of the top of the pagoda-shaped grate.

A raw coke oven gas high-temperature dust removal process adopting the dust removal device comprises the following steps: after the pyrolysis dust-containing raw gas is discharged by the pyrolysis equipment, the pyrolysis dust-containing raw gas is directly connected to the bottom of a fixed bed/granular bed raw gas high-temperature dust remover through a dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline, passes through a filter material from bottom to top, and after dust in the dust-containing raw gas is filtered, the purified raw gas is discharged from a purified raw gas outlet to enter a downstream process; the filter material is dry distilled semi-coke, classified by a vibration screen, and sent to a semi-coke preheater through a bucket elevator, a quantitative belt and a tubular iron remover, and is preheated by high-temperature flue gas in the semi-coke preheater, and then quantitatively added into a dust remover body, filtered and adsorbed dust is discharged through a discharge lock bucket, and then sent to a semi-coke cooling device; one path of high-temperature flue gas from the hot blast stove is connected with the preheating flue gas inlet, and the other path of high-temperature flue gas is connected with the preheating flue gas inlet of the filter material locking hopper.

The main pipeline through which the high-temperature flue gas passes is provided with a pressure gauge, and the pipelines of the high-temperature paint and the preheating flue gas inlet are provided with thermometers.

The invention adopts the solid semicoke as the filtering material, avoids the regeneration problem of other filtering media, and reduces the energy consumption and the operation cost; the top semicoke preheater and the bottom discharging lock hopper are adopted to carry out combined material sealing mode, so that the gas sealing of the charging and discharging exhaust gas of the dust remover is ensured, and the raw coke oven gas is prevented from leaking to other systems; the filter material preheating mode is adopted, so that the temperature of the dust remover body is ensured to be uniform and stable, and the problem of tar precipitation caused by temperature fluctuation is avoided; the pagoda-shaped grate structure is adopted to uniformly distribute the raw coke oven gas, so that the raw coke oven gas flows stably in the dust remover, and the dust removal effect is guaranteed; the raw gas is adopted in a special inlet form, and a hand hole is arranged at the position of the pipeline where tar is collected after separation, so that the problems of hardening, blockage and the like of a pipeline system caused by the separation of the tar are solved, and the stable operation of the system is guaranteed.

Drawings

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dust collector;

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;

description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a clean filter material adding port, 2, a dust outlet, 3, a dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline, 4, a purified raw gas outlet, 5, a preheating flue gas inlet pipeline, a filter material locking hopper preheating flue gas inlet, 7, a filter material locking hopper preheating flue gas outlet, 8, a dust remover manhole, 9, an ash removal hand hole, 10, a pagoda-shaped grate, 11, a dust remover body, 12, a semicoke preheater, 13 and a discharging locking hopper.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the raw coke gas high-temperature dust removal device of the embodiment comprises a dust remover body 11, a semicoke preheater 12 for adding a semicoke filter material into the dust remover and preheating semicoke, and a discharge lock hopper 13 for discharging powder-containing semicoke after being saturated by filtration, wherein the top of the dust remover body 11 is connected with the bottom of the semicoke preheater 12 through a lower valve body of the semicoke preheater, and the bottom of the dust remover body 1 is connected with the top of the discharge lock hopper 13 through an upper valve body of the discharge lock hopper; a pagoda-shaped grate 10 for raw coke gas distribution, semicoke and dust blanking is arranged at the bottom in the dust remover body 11, a dust-containing raw coke gas inlet pipeline 3 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the dust remover body 11, a preheated flue gas inlet pipeline 6 is arranged on the other side of the bottom of the dust remover body 11, and a purified raw coke gas outlet 4 is arranged on the side surface of the top of the dust remover body 11; the top of the semicoke preheater 12 is provided with an upper semicoke preheater valve body, the upper semicoke preheater valve body 12 is provided with a clean filter material adding port 1, and the lower semicoke preheater valve body is provided with a filter material lock hopper preheating flue gas inlet 6; the discharging lock bucket 13 is provided with a dust outlet 2.

Further, the dust remover body 11, the semicoke preheater 12 and the discharging lock hopper 13 are coaxially arranged.

Preferably, the dust remover body 11 comprises a dust remover shell, a liner refractory lining and a filter material bed layer.

Further, the semicoke preheater 12 is arranged in a jacket structure, and high-temperature hot flue gas flows through the jacket layer to preheat the raw material semicoke filter material and preheat the semicoke to 400 ℃. The upper valve of the semicoke preheater adopts a cylindrical bell-shaped valve structure, and semicoke enters a cylinder when a bell jar is lifted and flows to the outlet of the preheater bin; the upper and lower valves of the semicoke preheater adopt cone valves, and when the semicoke preheater is placed downwards, the semicoke falls into the dust remover body through the cone gap. The semi-coke preheater 12 is provided with a quantitative volume for buffering the filter material. The char preheater 12 is a batch feed vessel.

Preferably, the upper part and the lower part of the lower valve body of the semicoke preheater are both conical seal heads, and the middle part of the lower valve body of the semicoke preheater is cylindrical.

Furthermore, the discharging lock hopper 13 periodically receives dust and filter materials discharged by rotation of a grate in the dust remover body through the upper valve body of the discharging lock hopper, and then discharges the dust and filter materials through the discharging opening of the discharging lock hopper to enter other dust and filter material cooling devices.

Preferably, the top of the upper valve body of the discharging lock hopper is a convex seal head, the bottom of the upper valve body is a conical seal head, a wear-resistant steel plate is adopted, and an upper discharging valve and a lower discharging valve are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the upper valve body and used for buffering filter materials and dust and sealing raw coke oven gas.

Furthermore, the dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline and the preheated flue gas inlet pipeline are connected by adopting a tee joint, the dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline 3 is connected with the connecting pipe by adopting a 45-degree elbow, and an ash cleaning hand hole 9 for removing a small amount of condensed tar is arranged at the junction of the horizontal straight pipe section and the 45-degree elbow.

Preferably, the dust remover body 11 is provided with a dust remover manhole 8 on the side surface of the top of the pagoda-shaped grate.

As shown in FIG. 2, the high-temperature raw coke oven gas dust removal process adopting the dust removal device comprises the following steps: after the pyrolysis dust-containing raw gas is discharged by pyrolysis equipment, the pyrolysis dust-containing raw gas is directly connected to the bottom of a fixed bed/granular bed raw gas high-temperature dust remover through a dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline 3, passes through a filter material from bottom to top, and after dust in the raw gas is filtered, the purified raw gas is discharged from a purified raw gas outlet 4 to enter a downstream process, in the whole filtering and dust removing process, the pipeline and the dust removing equipment are kept in a high-temperature state to prevent tar from being separated out, and a saturated semi-coke filter material is filtered, discharged from a discharge lock hopper 13 at the bottom of the dust remover after the raw gas is distributed and semi-coke and dust are discharged through a pagoda type grate 10, and falls into a coke quenching waste heat recovery device for; the filter material is dry distilled semi-coke, the semi-coke is classified by a vibration screen, the filter material meeting the filtering requirement is selected, the filter material is conveyed into a semi-coke preheater 12 through a bucket elevator, a quantitative belt and a tubular iron remover, the filter material is preheated in the semi-coke preheater 12 through high-temperature flue gas, is quantitatively added into a dust remover body 11, is filtered to adsorb dust, is discharged through a discharge lock hopper 13 and is conveyed to a semi-coke cooling device; one path of high-temperature flue gas from the hot blast stove is connected with the preheating flue gas inlet, and the other path of high-temperature flue gas is connected with the preheating flue gas inlet of the filter material locking hopper.

The dust-containing raw gas inlet pipeline 3 enters from 1 inlet arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the dust remover shell and is subjected to gas distribution through a bottom pagoda grate 10, so that raw gas is uniformly distributed in high-temperature dust removing equipment.

The main pipeline through which the high-temperature flue gas passes is provided with a pressure gauge, and the pipelines of the high-temperature paint and the preheating flue gas inlet are provided with thermometers.