阅读说明：本技术 复合纺织纤维材料的制备方法 (Method for preparing composite textile fiber material ) 是由 蒋旺 于 2020-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种复合纺织纤维材料的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤：S1、取苎麻纤维并蒸汽爆破预处理,收集预处理纤维并酶解处理,洗涤干燥,得改性纤维；S2、将改性纤维与聚乳酸树脂颗粒搅拌混合并切割粉碎,过筛并开炼共混,保温退火处理,得改性复合树脂；S3、取改性复合树脂并置于双螺杆挤出纺丝机中,熔融处理并纺丝,收集纺丝纤维并保温拉伸并收集拉丝纤维,即可制备得所述的复合纺织纤维材料。根据本发明实施例的复合纺织纤维材料的制备方法,该制备方法制得的复合纺织纤维具有优异的力学性能和结构稳定性,同时改性方案简单,操作便捷。(The invention provides a preparation method of a composite textile fiber material, which comprises the following preparation steps: s1, taking ramie fibers, performing steam explosion pretreatment, collecting the pretreated fibers, performing enzymolysis treatment, washing and drying to obtain modified fibers; s2, stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, mixing, and performing heat preservation and annealing treatment to obtain modified composite resin; and S3, placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment and spinning, collecting spinning fibers, carrying out heat preservation and stretching, and collecting drawn fibers to obtain the composite textile fiber material. According to the preparation method of the composite textile fiber material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the composite textile fiber prepared by the preparation method has excellent mechanical property and structural stability, and meanwhile, the modification scheme is simple and the operation is convenient.)

1. A preparation method of a composite textile fiber material is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:

s1, taking ramie fibers, performing steam explosion pretreatment, collecting the pretreated fibers, performing enzymolysis treatment, washing and drying to obtain modified fibers;

s2, stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, mixing, and performing heat preservation and annealing treatment to obtain modified composite resin;

and S3, placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment and spinning, collecting spinning fibers, carrying out heat preservation and stretching, and collecting drawn fibers to obtain the composite textile fiber material.

2. The method for preparing a composite textile fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the steam explosion pretreatment step of step S1 is:

s11, taking ramie fibers, keeping the temperature and drying, collecting the dried fibers, placing the fibers in a steam explosion device for pretreatment for 3 times, controlling the pretreatment conditions to be that the gas explosion pressure is 2.5MPa to 3.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 125 to 300S, and collecting the pretreated fibers.

3. The method for preparing a composite textile fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the step of enzymolysis treatment in step S1 is:

s11', collecting the pretreated fibers, stirring and mixing the pretreated fibers and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5 to obtain a mixed solution;

and S122, adding alkylphenol polyoxyethylene into the mixed solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and mixing to obtain a base fluid, adding the composite enzymolysis solution into the base fluid, preserving heat, stirring and mixing, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified fiber.

4. The method for preparing the composite textile fiber material according to claim 3, wherein the composite enzymatic hydrolysate of step S122 is prepared by respectively weighing 450-500 parts by weight of deionized water, 3-5 parts by weight of cellulase and 3-5 parts by weight of xylanase and mixing.

5. The method for preparing the composite textile fiber material according to claim 4, wherein the addition amount of the composite enzymolysis liquid is 50U/mL.

6. The method for preparing composite textile fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the open mixing blending step of step S2 is: stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, collecting sieved particles, placing the sieved particles in a two-roll open mill, controlling the temperature of a front roll to be 180-185 ℃, controlling the temperature of a rear roll to be 175-180 ℃, preserving heat, melting, opening, and blending.

7. The method for preparing a composite textile fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat-preservation annealing treatment in step S2 is 100-110 ℃.

8. The method for preparing a composite textile fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the melt processing and spinning step of step S3 is: and placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment, carrying out spinning through spinning jet, controlling the spinning temperature to be 180-190 ℃, the diameter of a jet orifice to be 0.3-0.4 mm, and the spinning speed to be 35-40 r/min.

9. The method for preparing a composite textile fiber material according to claim 1, wherein the step of heat preservation drawing of S3 is to collect spinning fibers, place the spinning fibers on a fiber drawing device, control the temperature of the fiber drawing state to be 70-80 ℃, heat preservation drawing and collection of drawn fibers.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile fabrics, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a composite textile fiber material.

Background

The classification of textile composite materials can be divided into, according to the matrix: a resin-based composite material; a metal matrix composite; inorganic nonmetallic matrix composite materials include ceramic matrix composite materials and the like, wherein resin matrix composite materials are the most widely applied type. The composite material has the characteristics of light weight, strength and rigidity higher than those of metals, density lower than those of metals, good acid and alkali resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, rust resistance, seawater resistance, microbial corrosion resistance and the like, combines environmental protection with composite material development in order to solve negative effects brought by the use of textile composite materials, combines green plant fibers and biodegradable resins to be respectively used as a reinforcement and a matrix, and has become a research trend for manufacturing green textile composite materials.

However, the existing composite material needs to modify the reinforcement and the matrix material by a chemical modification scheme in the preparation process, and the scheme can affect the performance of the composite material due to the structural damage of the material and the residue of the medicament, thereby causing the problems of unstable structure and performance reduction of the composite material.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art.

In view of the above, the invention provides a preparation method of a composite textile fiber material, and the composite textile fiber prepared by the preparation method has excellent mechanical properties and structural stability, and meanwhile, the modification scheme is simple and the operation is convenient.

The preparation method of the composite textile fiber material comprises the following preparation steps: s1, taking ramie fibers, performing steam explosion pretreatment, collecting the pretreated fibers, performing enzymolysis treatment, washing and drying to obtain modified fibers; s2, stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, mixing, and performing heat preservation and annealing treatment to obtain modified composite resin; and S3, placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment and spinning, collecting spinning fibers, carrying out heat preservation and stretching, and collecting drawn fibers to obtain the composite textile fiber material.

According to the preparation method of the composite textile fiber material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the scheme of steam explosion is firstly adopted to modify the ramie fibers, because the steam explosion pretreatment can effectively destroy the structure of lignocellulose, degrade partial hemicellulose and improve the enzymolysis and fermentation performance of the cellulose, the subsequent enzymolysis treatment is carried out, and the nonionic surfactant of alkylphenol ethoxylates is compounded for modification, and through the addition of the modification, because the molecules of the modified fiber contain hydroxyl groups and molecular chains are longer, longer branched chains are formed after the reaction with the fibers, the formation of hydrogen bonds is reduced, so that the bonding strength between the fiber materials is reduced, the modified fiber materials are effectively dispersed in polylactic acid particles, good load dispersion and modification enhancement effects are formed, and the structural performance of the composite textile fiber material is effectively improved, the mechanical strength of the material is improved.

The method for preparing the composite textile fiber material according to the embodiment of the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

according to an embodiment of the present invention, the steam explosion pretreatment step in step S1 is: s11, taking ramie fibers, keeping the temperature and drying, collecting the dried fibers, placing the fibers in a steam explosion device for pretreatment for 3 times, controlling the pretreatment conditions to be that the gas explosion pressure is 2.5MPa to 3.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 125 to 300S, and collecting the pretreated fibers.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of enzymatic treatment in step S1 is: s11', collecting the pretreated fibers, stirring and mixing the pretreated fibers and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5 to obtain a mixed solution; and S122, adding alkylphenol polyoxyethylene into the mixed solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and mixing to obtain a base fluid, adding the composite enzymolysis solution into the base fluid, preserving heat, stirring and mixing, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified fiber.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the composite enzymolysis solution of step S122 and' is prepared by weighing 450 to 500 parts by weight of deionized water, 3 to 5 parts by weight of cellulase and 3 to 5 parts by weight of xylanase respectively and mixing.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the addition amount of the composite enzymolysis liquid is 50U/mL of enzyme addition amount.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the open mixing step of step S2 is: stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, collecting sieved particles, placing the sieved particles in a two-roll open mill, controlling the temperature of a front roll to be 180-185 ℃, controlling the temperature of a rear roll to be 175-180 ℃, preserving heat, melting, opening, and blending.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the thermal annealing treatment in the step S2 is 100 ℃ to 110 ℃.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the melt processing and spinning step of step S3 is: and placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment, carrying out spinning through spinning jet, controlling the spinning temperature to be 180-190 ℃, the diameter of a jet orifice to be 0.3-0.4 mm, and the spinning speed to be 35-40 r/min.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the step of heat preservation drawing of step S3 is that the spinning fiber is collected and placed on a fiber drawing device, the temperature of the fiber drawing state is controlled to be 70-80 ℃, and the drawn fiber is collected after heat preservation drawing.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of making a composite textile fiber material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The method for preparing the composite textile fiber material according to the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing a composite textile fiber material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following preparation steps:

s1, taking ramie fibers, performing steam explosion pretreatment, collecting the pretreated fibers, performing enzymolysis treatment, washing and drying to obtain modified fibers;

s2, stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, mixing, and performing heat preservation and annealing treatment to obtain modified composite resin;

and S3, placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment and spinning, collecting spinning fibers, carrying out heat preservation and stretching, and collecting drawn fibers to obtain the composite textile fiber material.

Therefore, according to the preparation method of the composite textile fiber material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the scheme of steam explosion is firstly adopted to modify the ramie fibers, because the steam explosion pretreatment can effectively destroy the structure of lignocellulose, degrade partial hemicellulose and improve the enzymolysis and fermentation performance of cellulose, the subsequent enzymolysis treatment is carried out, and the nonionic surfactant of alkylphenol ethoxylates is compounded for modification, and through the addition of the modification, because the molecules of the modified fiber contain hydroxyl groups and the molecular chains are longer and form longer branched chains after reacting with the fibers, the formation of hydrogen bonds is reduced, so that the bonding strength between the fiber materials is reduced, the modified fiber materials are effectively dispersed in polylactic acid particles, good load dispersion and modification enhancement effects are formed, and the structural performance of the composite textile fiber material is effectively improved, the mechanical strength of the material is improved.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the step S1 of steam explosion pretreatment comprises the following steps: s11, taking ramie fibers, keeping the temperature and drying, collecting the dried fibers, placing the fibers in a steam explosion device for pretreatment for 3 times, controlling the pretreatment conditions to be that the gas explosion pressure is 2.5MPa to 3.0MPa, maintaining the pressure for 125 to 300S, and collecting the pretreated fibers. The ramie fibers are modified by the steam explosion scheme, and the steam explosion pretreatment can effectively destroy the structure of lignocellulose, degrade partial hemicellulose and improve the enzymolysis and fermentation performance of the cellulose.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the step S1 of enzymolysis treatment is: s11', collecting the pretreated fibers, stirring and mixing the pretreated fibers and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, and adjusting the pH value to 4.5 to obtain a mixed solution; and S122, adding alkylphenol polyoxyethylene into the mixed solution according to the mass ratio of 1:10, stirring and mixing to obtain a base fluid, adding the composite enzymolysis solution into the base fluid, preserving heat, stirring and mixing, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the modified fiber. By modifying alkylphenol ethoxylates which is a nonionic surfactant, the addition of the modification has the advantages that the molecules of the alkylphenol ethoxylates contain hydroxyl groups, the molecular chains are longer, and longer branched chains are formed after the alkylphenol ethoxylates reacts with fibers, so that the formation of hydrogen bonds is reduced, and the bonding strength between fiber materials is reduced.

Further, in step S122, the composite enzymatic hydrolysate is prepared by respectively weighing 450-500 parts by weight of deionized water, 3-5 parts by weight of cellulase and 3-5 parts by weight of xylanase and mixing. The material is subjected to enzymolysis treatment by the composite enzymolysis liquid, so that the problem that the performance of the material is reduced by single enzymolysis in the traditional enzymolysis scheme is solved.

Optionally, the addition amount of the complex enzymolysis liquid is 50U/mL of the addition amount of the enzyme. The composite membrane hydrolysate with proper weight is selected for enzymolysis treatment, so that the composite membrane hydrolysate can be effectively subjected to enzymolysis treatment, and the mechanical strength and the performance of the fiber material can be kept.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the step S2 open mixing step is: stirring and mixing the modified fiber and the polylactic resin particles, cutting and crushing, sieving, collecting sieved particles, placing the sieved particles in a two-roll open mill, controlling the temperature of a front roll to be 180-185 ℃, controlling the temperature of a rear roll to be 175-180 ℃, preserving heat, melting, opening, and blending. The blending operation of double-roller open mill effectively combines and modifies the fiber material and the polylactic resin particles, thereby effectively improving the combination property of the material and improving the stable strength of the composite textile fiber material.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the annealing temperature of step S2 is 100-110 ℃. The spinning fiber is treated by the annealing heat treatment scheme, the total crystallinity of the blended fiber after heat treatment is increased, and the mechanical property and the strength of the composite spinning fiber are effectively improved.

Further, the step S3 of melt processing and spinning comprises: and placing the modified composite resin in a double-screw extrusion spinning machine, carrying out melting treatment, carrying out spinning through spinning jet, controlling the spinning temperature to be 180-190 ℃, the diameter of a jet orifice to be 0.3-0.4 mm, and the spinning speed to be 35-40 r/min. Good spinning temperature and spinning speed are controlled, and the spinning fiber material with excellent mechanical property and good product performance can be prepared by stretching.

Optionally, in the step S3, the spinning fiber is collected and placed on a fiber drawing device, the temperature of the fiber drawing state is controlled to be 70 ℃ to 80 ℃, and the drawn fiber is collected after heat preservation drawing. Through the stretching treatment, molecular chains are oriented along the direction of the external force action under the action of stretching force, which shows that the mechanical property of the fiber can be well improved through stretching.

In summary, according to the preparation method of the composite textile fiber material of the embodiment of the invention, the steam explosion scheme is adopted to modify the ramie fiber, and as the steam explosion pretreatment can effectively destroy the structure of the lignocellulose, degrade part of the hemicellulose and improve the enzymolysis and fermentation performance of the cellulose, the subsequent enzymolysis treatment is carried out, and the nonionic surfactant of alkylphenol ethoxylates is compounded for modification, and through the addition of the modification, because the molecules of the modified fiber contain hydroxyl groups and have longer molecular chains, and the modified fiber forms longer branched chains after reacting with the fiber, the formation of hydrogen bonds is reduced, so that the bonding strength between the fiber materials is reduced, the modified fiber materials are effectively dispersed in polylactic acid particles, good load dispersion and modification enhancement effects are formed, and the structural performance of the composite textile fiber material is effectively improved, the mechanical strength of the material is improved.

And secondly, the blending operation of double-roll open milling effectively combines and modifies the fiber material and the polylactic resin particles, so that the combination property of the material is effectively improved, the stable strength of the composite textile fiber material is improved, and the crystallinity and orientation of the blended fiber material are improved through drawing and heat treatment, so that the structural property and the mechanical property of the composite textile fiber material are obviously improved.

The following will describe the preparation method of the composite textile fiber material of the embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the specific embodiment.