阅读说明：本技术 一种基于作业状态实时监测的深海热流测量方法及系统 (Deep sea heat flow measuring method and system based on real-time monitoring of operation state ) 是由 张广旭 高翔 陈端新 董冬冬 王秀娟 宋子龙 于 2020-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明实施例提供一种基于作业状态实时监测的深海热流测量方法及系统,其特征在于：测量热流测量区域的水深和底质,选定作业站位；通过缆绳下放热流测量设备,深度达到第一阈值时暂停,挂载应答设备后继续下放,深度达到第二阈值时暂停；静置并计时,时长达到第三阈值时全速下放,热流测量设备触海底后停止下放；监测设备状态至稳定后开始热流测量并计时,时长达到第四阈值时停止测量,测量期间保持对设备的状态监测；测量本站位和下一站位间的周圆水深,确定两站位间的最小水深；以该最小水深为基准,提升设备,当提升距离大于第五阈值时停止,移动测量设备至下一站位。本发明能够能有效减少作业船时,提高深海热流测量工作的效率。(The embodiment of the invention provides a deep sea heat flow measuring method and system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state, which is characterized in that: measuring the water depth and the bottom of a heat flow measurement area, and selecting an operation station; the heat flow measuring equipment is placed through the cable, and is suspended when the depth reaches a first threshold value, the equipment continues to be placed after being mounted with the answering equipment, and is suspended when the depth reaches a second threshold value; standing and timing, and releasing at full speed when the time length reaches a third threshold value, and stopping releasing after the heat flow measuring equipment touches the seabed; starting heat flow measurement and timing after the state of the monitoring equipment is stable, stopping measurement when the duration reaches a fourth threshold value, and keeping monitoring on the state of the monitoring equipment during the measurement period; measuring the circumferential water depth between the station and the next station, and determining the minimum water depth between the two stations; and taking the minimum water depth as a reference, lifting the equipment, stopping when the lifting distance is greater than a fifth threshold value, and moving the measuring equipment to the next station. The invention can effectively reduce the operation time of the ship and improve the efficiency of the deep sea heat flow measurement work.)

1. A deep sea heat flow measuring method based on real-time monitoring of operation states is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: selecting a heat flow measuring area, measuring the water depth through a water depth measuring device, surveying the seabed sediment through a deep water shallow stratum profiler, and selecting an operation station;

s2: connecting the heat flow measuring equipment with a cable, lowering the heat flow measuring equipment through the cable, suspending the lowering when the lowering depth of the heat flow measuring equipment reaches a first threshold value, mounting response equipment on the cable, continuing the lowering, and suspending the lowering when the lowering depth reaches a second threshold value;

s3: standing the heat flow measuring equipment, and when the standing time reaches a third threshold value, releasing the heat flow measuring equipment at full speed, and stopping releasing the heat flow measuring equipment after the heat flow measuring equipment touches the seabed;

s4: after the heat flow measuring equipment is determined to be stable through the real-time state monitoring data of the heat flow measuring equipment, the heat flow data of the operation station is measured and timed, when the measuring time length reaches a fourth threshold value, the operation station is measured, and the real-time state monitoring of the heat flow measuring equipment is kept during the measuring period;

s5: measuring the circumferential water depth between the operation station and the next operation station through water depth measuring equipment, and determining the minimum water depth between the two operation stations;

s6: and taking the minimum water depth between the two operation stations as a reference, lifting the heat flow measuring equipment, stopping lifting when the lifting distance is greater than a fifth threshold value, moving the heat flow measuring equipment to the next operation station, and turning to the step S3.

2. The deep sea heat flow measuring method based on real-time monitoring of operation states as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the water depth measuring equipment is multi-beam measuring equipment, the heat flow measuring equipment is a heat flow meter, the mooring rope is a data transmission bearing mooring rope, and the response equipment is an ultrashort wave baseline beacon or a response device.

3. The deep sea heat flow measuring method based on real-time monitoring of operation states as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the real-time monitoring data comprises an inclination angle, acceleration, temperature, pressure and the depth of the answering device.

4. The deep sea heat flow measuring method based on real-time monitoring of operation states as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the first threshold value is 30-40 meters, the second threshold value is a water depth value obtained by subtracting 100 meters from a water depth value of the operation station, the third threshold value is 5 minutes, the fourth threshold value is 20 minutes, and the fifth threshold value is 100 meters.

5. A deep sea heat flow measurement system based on real-time monitoring of operation states comprises: operation ship, data transmission bearing hawser, winch, support and pulley, heat flow meter, its characterized in that still include: the method comprises the steps of an ultra-short baseline array, an ultra-short baseline transponder, a floating ball, a heat flow data recording and transmitting device, a multi-beam measuring device, a deep water shallow stratum profiler and an acoustic Doppler velocity profiler, wherein when the measuring system works, the steps of the deep sea heat flow measuring method based on real-time monitoring of the operation state are realized according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean detection, and particularly relates to a deep sea heat flow measuring method and system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state.

Background

With the deep research on natural disasters such as marine resource development, deep sea science, earthquake and tsunami, countries in the world begin to advance into deep sea strategic deployment on the basis of deep shallow sea research, and how to maximize the improvement on the operation basic data acquisition efficiency under the effective cost control is the most urgent need for deep sea investigation. Seafloor heat flux measurement is an indispensable geophysical survey method for studying marine geology. In order to know the structure and the state of a geothermal field in an exploration area, the submarine heat flow detection technology is favorable for knowing the distribution of shallow deposits, petroleum and natural gas and the thermal state of deep crustal and even the whole ocean rock ring. In a hydrate research area, the burial depth of a seabed reflecting layer or a mineral layer is deduced by utilizing heat flow value data inversion, and the method can be used for reconstructing the ancient temperature change and the heat history transition history of the formation of the hydrate. The method has extremely important significance for researching dynamics and structural evolution of rock rings, and the obtained data can be used in the research fields of ocean shells, mantle velocity structures, plate diving zone characteristics, ocean basin evolution dynamics mechanisms and the like, and has wide application in the aspects of earthquake activity monitoring, earthquake and tsunami early warning research and the like.

The conventional heat flow acquisition is roughly divided into two types, one type is that borehole heat flow data is obtained through logging data of offshore oil drilling, the data are mainly concentrated in continental areas of continental shelves or deep sea basins, and the requirement for carrying out large-area investigation cannot be met due to the limitation of the number of deep sea boreholes; the other method is to insert a seabed heat flow probe (LISTER type and EWING type) into seabed surface sediment to obtain heat conductivity and temperature gradient parameters of the seabed, and then obtain heat flow data through calculation. Although the technology realizes heat flow measurement, the measurement is influenced by complex seabed sediment, water depth, ocean current and the like in the deep sea operation process, measurement equipment and an operation ship are easily influenced by factors such as wind power, ocean current and the like in the deep sea operation process, so that the problems of deviation of actual heat flow operation stations and the like are caused, the operation efficiency is relatively low, and the requirement of accurate research on the large-density heat flow seabed heat flow in the deep water cannot be met. In the deep sea heat flow research, especially in the regions with severe local heat flow change such as fault comparative development and the like, if the position information of the underwater heat flow station is not accurate, the heat flow measurement deviation can be huge. In addition, the deep sea bottom is far away from a source, the water content and the thickness of the sediment of the deep sea bottom are small, and the deep sea heat flow measurement is difficult to fill, so that the submarine filling process of the heat flow meter is lack of monitoring, and the measurement operation risk is greatly increased. In addition, the conventional measurement method is to lower the heat flow measurement equipment for each measurement, and to lift the measurement equipment to the operation deck after the single measurement is finished, so that the repeated operation is carried out, and the heat flow measurement operation efficiency is very low.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a deep sea heat flow measuring method and system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a deep sea heat flow measurement method based on real-time monitoring of an operation state, including the following steps:

selecting a heat flow measuring area, measuring the water depth through a water depth measuring device, surveying the seabed sediment through a deep water shallow stratum profiler, and selecting an operation station;

connecting the heat flow measuring equipment with a cable, lowering the heat flow measuring equipment through the cable, suspending the lowering when the lowering depth of the heat flow measuring equipment reaches a first threshold value, mounting response equipment on the cable, continuing the lowering, and suspending the lowering when the lowering depth reaches a second threshold value;

standing the heat flow measuring equipment, and when the standing time reaches a third threshold value, releasing the heat flow measuring equipment at full speed, and stopping releasing the heat flow measuring equipment after the heat flow measuring equipment touches the seabed;

after the heat flow measuring equipment is determined to be stable through the real-time state monitoring data of the heat flow measuring equipment, the heat flow data of the operation station is measured and timed, when the measuring time length reaches a fourth threshold value, the operation station is measured, and the real-time state monitoring of the heat flow measuring equipment is kept during the measuring period;

measuring the circumferential water depth between the operation station and the next operation station through water depth measuring equipment, and determining the minimum water depth between the two operation stations;

and taking the minimum water depth between the two operation stations as a reference, lifting the heat flow measuring equipment, stopping lifting when the lifting distance is greater than a fifth threshold value, and moving the heat flow measuring equipment to the next operation station.

Further, the bathymetric survey equipment is a multi-beam survey system, the heat flow survey equipment is a heat flow meter, the cable is a data transmission bearing cable, and the response equipment is an ultrashort wave baseline beacon or a response device.

Further, the real-time monitoring data comprises an inclination angle, acceleration, temperature, pressure and the depth of the response device.

Further, the first threshold value is 30-40 meters, the second threshold value is a water depth value obtained by subtracting 100 meters from a water depth value of the operation station, the third threshold value is 5 minutes, the fourth threshold value is 20 minutes, and the fifth threshold value is 100 meters.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a deep sea heat flow measurement system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state, where the system may include an operation ship, a data transmission load-bearing cable, a winch, a support, a pulley, and a heat flow meter, and is characterized in that: the system also comprises an ultra-short baseline array, an ultra-short baseline transponder, a floating ball, a heat flow data recording and real-time transmission module, a multi-beam measuring device, a deep water shallow stratum profiler and an acoustic Doppler flow velocity profiler, wherein when the deep sea heat flow measuring system works, the steps of the method in the first aspect are realized.

The embodiment of the invention provides a deep sea heat flow measuring method and system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state, which is characterized in that: measuring the water depth and the seabed bottom substance of a heat flow measurement area, and selecting an operation station; the heat flow measuring equipment is lowered through the cable, the lowering is suspended when the lowering depth reaches a first threshold value, the lowering is continued after the answering equipment is mounted on the cable, and the lowering is suspended when the lowering depth reaches a second threshold value; standing the heat flow measuring equipment, and when the standing time reaches a third threshold value, releasing the heat flow measuring equipment at full speed, and stopping releasing the heat flow measuring equipment after the heat flow measuring equipment touches the seabed; by monitoring the real-time state of the heat flow measuring equipment, after the equipment is determined to be stable in state, measuring and timing heat flow data of the operation station, when the measuring time length reaches a fourth threshold value, measuring the operation station, and keeping monitoring the real-time state of the measuring equipment during the measuring period; measuring the circumferential water depth between the work station and the next work station, and determining the minimum water depth between the two work stations; and taking the minimum water depth as a reference, lifting the heat flow measuring equipment, stopping lifting when the lifting distance is greater than a fifth threshold value, and moving the heat flow measuring equipment to a next operation station.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep sea heat flow measurement method based on real-time monitoring of an operation state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep sea heat flow measurement system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep sea heat flow measurement method based on real-time monitoring of an operation state according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep sea heat flow measurement system based on real-time monitoring of an operation state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the deep sea heat flow measuring method based on real-time monitoring of operation status provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

step 101: selecting a heat flow measuring area, measuring the water depth through a water depth measuring device, surveying the seabed sediment through a deep water shallow stratum profiler, and selecting an operation station;

step 102: connecting the heat flow measuring equipment with a cable, lowering the heat flow measuring equipment through the cable, suspending the lowering when the lowering depth of the heat flow measuring equipment reaches a first threshold value, mounting response equipment on the cable, continuing the lowering, and suspending the lowering when the lowering depth reaches a second threshold value;

step 103: standing the heat flow measuring equipment, and when the standing time reaches a third threshold value, releasing the heat flow measuring equipment at full speed, and stopping releasing the heat flow measuring equipment after the heat flow measuring equipment touches the seabed;

step 104: after the heat flow measuring equipment is determined to be stable through the real-time state monitoring data of the heat flow measuring equipment, the heat flow data of the operation station is measured and timed, when the measuring time length reaches a fourth threshold value, the operation station is measured, and the real-time state monitoring of the heat flow measuring equipment is kept during the measuring period;

step 105: measuring the circumferential water depth between the operation station and the next operation station through water depth measuring equipment, and determining the minimum water depth between the two operation stations;

step 106: and taking the minimum water depth between the two operation stations as a reference, lifting the heat flow measuring equipment, stopping lifting when the lifting distance is greater than a fifth threshold value, moving the heat flow measuring equipment to the next operation station, and turning to the step 103.

Further, the bathymetry equipment is multi-beam measuring equipment. Compared with single-beam measuring equipment, the multi-wave speed measuring equipment has the advantages of large measuring range, high measuring speed, high precision and high efficiency, can expand a depth measuring technology from a point and a line to a surface, further develops three-dimensional depth measurement and automatic mapping, and is particularly suitable for large-area submarine topography detection. As shown in fig. 2, the heat flow measuring device is a heat flow meter 9. The floating ball 7 is mounted on the mooring rope at the position 10 meters above the heat flow meter 9, so that the situation that the equipment is laid down due to bottom contact is prevented, and the mooring rope 5 above the equipment is ensured not to wind the equipment. The cable is a data transmission bearing cable 5, and the response device is an ultrashort wave baseline beacon or a response device 6.

Further, the real-time monitoring data comprises an inclination angle, acceleration, temperature, pressure and depth of the response equipment.

Further, the first threshold value is 30-40 meters, the second threshold value is a water depth value obtained by subtracting 100 meters from a water depth value of the operation station, the third threshold value is 5 minutes, the fourth threshold value is 20 minutes, and the fifth threshold value is 100 meters.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a deep sea heat flow measuring system based on real-time monitoring of the operation state, as shown in fig. 2, the system can comprise an operation ship 1, a data transmission bearing cable 5, a heat flow meter 9, a winch 2, a support and a pulley 3, and is characterized by further comprising: the system comprises an ultra-short baseline array 4, an ultra-short baseline transponder 6, a floating ball 7, a heat flow data recording and real-time transmission module 8, a multi-beam measuring device 13, a deep water shallow stratum profiler 14 and an acoustic Doppler velocity profiler 15, wherein when the deep sea heat flow measuring system works, the method provided by the embodiment is realized.

Specifically, the deep sea heat flow collection operation performed by the scientific number open sea survey vessel in the maryland gully area will be described as an example.

Preferably, the heat flow meter 9 is of the german fielax list series, and the heat flow meter 9 is internally integrated with a KUM MATUI inclinometer, an accelerometer, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and can simultaneously measure the inclination angle, the acceleration, the temperature and the pressure. Of course, during the actual use process, the measurement device for the inclination angle, the acceleration and the pressure can also be realized in the form of mounting of an independent device. The ultrashort base array 4 and the ultrashort wave baseline transponder 6 adopt Sondyer Range 2, the heat flow data recording and implementing transmission module 8 adopts SDA data acquisition software, the multibeam measuring equipment 13 adopts German Elac L3 SB3012, the deep water shallow formation profiler 14 adopts KONGSBERG TOPAS PS18, and the acoustic Doppler current profiler 15 adopts TRDI/American OS-38.

Specifically, the seabed sediment is generally checked and a heat flow measurement operation station is planned. By means of a detection system such as a ship-borne multi-beam depth measuring device 13, a deep-water shallow-stratum profiler 14, an acoustic Doppler flow velocity profiler 15, a ship-borne meteorological station and the like, detection is carried out along a path which is crossed by the heat flow measuring operation stations and is the initially determined shortest connecting line between the heat flow measuring operation stations, and information such as the seabed water depth, the substrate, ocean current, wind direction and the like in a heat flow measuring area is collected. The ship heading and the basic advancing direction of the operation ship 1 are designed according to the ocean current and the wind direction, so that the mooring rope is kept far away from the tail of the ship in the moving process of the operation ship 1, and the operation safety in the implementation process is ensured. According to the obtained seabed sediment information, the heat flow operation station is finely adjusted, and the filling depth of station operation is ensured because the deep sea topography of the upper covering plate sheet in the Maryland area is relatively complex and the soft deposition area is optimized. According to the water depth information measured by the multi-beam measuring equipment 13, the hovering height of each operation station, the hovering height of the lower station and other information are designed, and the underwater basic path 11 of the heat flow probe 9 is designed.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the working vessel 1 travels on the sea surface 12, reaches the position right above the starting point of the planned path 11, and adjusts the heading of the vessel, so that the topflow of the working vessel 1, namely the heading direction is opposite to the direction of ocean current, and the data transmission bearing cable 5 is prevented from passing through the bottom of the vessel along with the ocean current and colliding with the propeller of the working vessel 1. The winch 2 is started, the data transmission bearing cable 5 and the heat flow meter 9 are connected, equipment debugging on the ship is carried out, the heat flow data recording and real-time transmission module 8 is detected and set, and the data transmission and data recording functions are ensured to be normal. And starting the winch 2, the bracket and the pulley 3 to lower the heat flow probe 9. After the equipment is transferred for 10 meters, the equipment is suspended, the floating ball 7 is mounted on the data transmission bearing cable 5, and then the equipment is continuously transferred. And stopping the equipment from being lowered when the equipment reaches the depth of 40 meters, and continuing to start the winch 2 to lower the data transmission bearing cable 5 after the ultra-short baseline transponder 6 is mounted on the data transmission bearing cable 5. Meanwhile, the ultra-short baseline array 4 is lowered to the bottom of the ship, and is in acoustic communication with the ultra-short baseline transponder 6 above the heat flow meter 9, so that underwater positioning information 40 meters above the heat flow meter 9 is acquired. In the operation process, the depth of the heat flow operation station position needs to be ensured to be smaller than the positioning action depth of the ultra-short baseline, and if sea surface storms are large, the marine dynamic positioning system needs to be started in the whole process to control the position of the operation ship.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, during the continuous lowering process, the length of the release data transmission bearing cable 5 and the position of the ultra-short baseline transponder 6 are observed, and in combination with multi-beam water depth information, the ultra-short baseline transponder 6 hovers at a height of 100 meters above the seabed 10, the release of the data transmission bearing cable 5 is suspended, the heat flow meter 9 is kept still for 5 minutes, after the heat flow meter 9 is stabilized, the winch 2 is lowered at full speed, and the release of the cable is stopped after the heat flow meter 9 touches the seabed 10.

Preferably, after the heat flow meter 9 contacts the seabed 10, whether a temperature state of the temperature sensor in the heat flow meter 9 has a friction heat generation heating process is observed, the monitoring time of the stable state is 1 minute, when the inclination angle range is within 4.0 degrees, the change rate is within 0.5 degrees, and the gravity acceleration change rate is within 0.03 degrees, the heat flow meter 9 is judged to be in the stable state, the heat flow measurement timing is started, the measurement is continuously performed for 20 minutes, the heat flow measurement at the station is completed, and if the state parameters such as the inclination angle, the gravity acceleration, the pressure and the like are abnormal, the heat flow meter 9 is lifted away from the seabed.

Preferably, after the measurement of the work station is completed, the heat flow meter 9 is lifted based on the minimum water depth between the work station and the next work station, and when the lifting height exceeds 100 meters, the lifting is stopped. And then moving the operation ship to the next operation station at the speed of 1-2 sections, observing the relative position of the ultra-short baseline transponder 6 and the operation ship 1 after the ship reaches the operation station, continuously observing the inclination angle, the acceleration, the pressure and the temperature data of the heat flow meter 9, measuring the heat flow of the point after the data are stabilized, and repeating the heat flow acquisition process. And continuously positioning the ultra-short baseline equipment in the heat flow measurement process, and detecting the state of the equipment through real-time flow meter 9 inclination angle, acceleration, pressure and temperature data.

Specifically, the accessible above-mentioned mode carries out a lot of thermal current collection in succession, lifts thermal current meter 9 to deck again after accomplishing a set of operation station, has saved recovery and preparation time of thermal current meter 9 between every operation station greatly, has improved work efficiency greatly.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort. Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.