阅读说明：本技术 一种电主轴转子导条成型方法 (Forming method of electric spindle rotor conducting bar ) 是由 沈军 魏宇 余得贵 谢顺德 于 2021-05-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请属于机械加工技术领域,特别是涉及一种电主轴转子导条成型方法。现有的高速电主轴转子导条,由于导条与转子基体结合力弱而导致导条甩出。本申请提供了一种电主轴转子导条成型方法,所述方法包括采用超音速冷喷涂制作转子导条。通过使用超音速冷喷涂可以得到与转子基体材料冶金结合良好的转子导条。(The application belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a forming method of a rotor conducting bar of an electric spindle. The existing high-speed electric spindle rotor conducting bar leads to the throwing of the conducting bar due to the weak binding force between the conducting bar and a rotor substrate. The application provides a method for forming a rotor conducting bar of an electric spindle, which comprises the step of manufacturing the rotor conducting bar by adopting ultrasonic rapid cold spraying. Rotor bars that are metallurgically well bonded to the rotor base material can be obtained by using supersonic cold spraying.)

1. A method for forming a rotor conducting bar of an electric spindle is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the step of manufacturing the rotor conducting bar by adopting ultrasonic rapid cold spraying.

2. The method for forming electric spindle rotor bars according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor is placed in an ultrasonic rapid cold spraying operation chamber, compressed gas is used as accelerating airflow to drive pure copper powder particles to impact a rotor conducting bar part to be processed at the temperature of 100-600 ℃ and the speed of 500-1000 m/s, and the pure copper powder particles impact the rotor conducting bar part to be processed in a completely solid state, so that the copper powder is subjected to strong plastic deformation and deposited to form the rotor conducting bar.

3. The method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar according to claim 2, wherein: the particle size of the pure copper powder particles is 10-50 mu m.

4. The method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar according to claim 2, wherein: the part of the rotor which does not need to be sprayed is shielded by a polyamide adhesive tape.

5. The method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar according to claim 2, wherein: the gas is inert gas, the inert gas is helium or nitrogen, and the gas pressure is 1.5-5 MPa.

6. The method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar according to claim 2, wherein: the pure copper powder particles are accelerated from the axial direction into the gas jet, and the pure copper powder particles impact the substrate in a solid state to form the coating.

7. The method for forming electric spindle rotor bars according to claim 5, wherein: the gas is nitrogen.

8. The method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: the deposition speed of the ultrasonic rapid cold spraying is 100 um/h-500 um/h.

9. The method of forming electric spindle rotor bars according to claim 8, wherein: and the pure copper powder particles are pressed into a powder feeding pipe of the spray gun through a powder feeder.

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a forming method of a rotor conducting bar of an electric spindle.

Background

The electric main shaft is a new technology which integrates a machine tool main shaft and a main shaft motor into a whole and appears in the field of numerical control machine tools, and the electric main shaft, a linear motor technology and a high-speed cutter technology push high-speed processing to a new era. The transmission structure form of the spindle motor and the machine tool spindle which are combined into a whole enables the spindle part to be relatively independent from a transmission system and an integral structure of the machine tool. The rotor of the motor is directly used as the main shaft of the machine tool, the shell of the main shaft unit is the motor base, and the motor and the main shaft of the machine tool are integrated by matching with other parts.

The high-speed electric spindle is widely applied to the fields of industrial robot cutting, processing and carving, PCB (printed circuit board) splitting, false tooth processing (false tooth engraving and milling), die processing, optical fiber ceramic ferrule inner diameter grinding, cutting and milling of materials such as aluminum alloy, metal nonmetal, SMC (sheet molding compound) and the like, and due to continuous upgrading of a manufacturing process, the requirement on the high-speed electric spindle is continuously improved, and the rotating speed of the existing high-speed electric spindle is 10-35 ten thousand revolutions per minute. At such high rotation speed, the asynchronous motor has the advantages of high reliability, long service life and proper cost. The existing high-speed electric spindle rotor conducting bar leads to the throwing of the conducting bar due to the weak binding force between the conducting bar and a rotor substrate.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved

Based on the problem that the conducting bars are thrown out due to weak binding force between the conducting bars and a rotor substrate of the conventional high-speed electric spindle rotor conducting bar, the application provides a forming method of the conducting bars of the electric spindle rotor.

2. Technical scheme

In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar, which includes manufacturing the rotor bar by ultrasonic rapid cold spraying.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the rotor is placed in an ultrasonic rapid cold spraying operation chamber, compressed gas is used as accelerating airflow to drive pure copper powder particles to impact a rotor conducting bar part to be processed at the temperature of 100-600 ℃ and the speed of 500-1000 m/s, and the pure copper powder particles impact the rotor conducting bar part to be processed in a completely solid state, so that the copper powder is subjected to strong plastic deformation and deposited to form the rotor conducting bar.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the particle size of the pure copper powder particles is 10-50 mu m.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the part of the rotor which does not need to be sprayed is shielded by a polyamide adhesive tape.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the gas is inert gas, the inert gas is helium or nitrogen, and the gas pressure is 1.5-5 MPa.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the pure copper powder particles are accelerated from the axial direction into the gas jet, and the pure copper powder particles impact the substrate in a solid state to form the coating.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the gas is nitrogen.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the deposition speed of the ultrasonic rapid cold spraying is 100 um/h-500 um/h.

Another embodiment provided by the present application is: and the pure copper powder particles are pressed into a powder feeding pipe of the spray gun through a powder feeder.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the forming method of the electric spindle rotor conducting bar has the beneficial effects that:

according to the forming method of the electric spindle rotor conducting bar, the rotor conducting bar which is well metallurgically combined with a rotor base material can be obtained by using ultrasonic rapid cold spraying.

According to the forming method of the electric spindle rotor conducting bar, the rotor conducting bar with high conductivity, low internal stress and large thickness can be obtained through a cold spraying technology.

According to the forming method of the electric spindle rotor conducting bar, the copper simple substance particles are directly impacted on the surface of a matrix at a supersonic speed by supersonic speed cold spraying, and the deposition speed is far higher than that of electroplating or electroforming; greatly improving the production efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic rapid cold spray apparatus according to the present application.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description that the present application can be practiced. Features from different embodiments may be combined to yield new embodiments, or certain features may be substituted for certain embodiments to yield yet further preferred embodiments, without departing from the principles of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, the present application provides a method for forming an electric spindle rotor bar, which includes manufacturing a rotor bar by ultrasonic rapid cold spraying.

The cold spray technique, also called cold gas dynamic spray, is a new spray technique that is developed rapidly in recent years, and it uses compressed gas (nitrogen, helium, air, etc.) as accelerating air flow to drive powder particles (particle size 10-50 μm) to collide with the substrate at low temperature (room temperature to 600 ℃), supersonic speed (500-1000 m/s) and complete solid state, so that the particles undergo strong plastic deformation and deposit to form a coating.

Ultrasonic quick cold spraying, called cold spraying for short, is a novel material surface coating technology. Cold spraying is an advanced spraying technique developed according to aerodynamic principles. The process is that high-pressure gas is preheated at a certain low temperature and passes through a convergent-divergent nozzle to generate supersonic gas jet flow, spraying particles are axially sent into the gas jet flow to be accelerated, and the particles impact a substrate in a solid state to form a coating. The cold spraying technology can obtain the coating with low oxide content, low internal stress and large thickness.

Rotor bars that are metallurgically well bonded to the rotor base material can be obtained by using supersonic cold spraying.

Further, the rotor is placed in an ultrasonic cold spraying operation chamber, compressed gas is used as accelerating airflow to drive pure copper powder particles to impact a rotor conducting bar part to be processed at the temperature of 100-600 ℃ and the speed of 500-1000 m/s, the pure copper powder particles collide with the rotor under a complete solid state, and the copper powder is subjected to strong plastic deformation and deposited to form the rotor conducting bar.

The working gas is divided into two paths, wherein one path of working gas enters the powder feeder, and pure copper powder particles are pressed into a powder feeding pipe of the spray gun; the other path of gas enters a spray gun after being heated by a heater; in the spray gun, the heated gas of the pure copper powder particles is driven into a supersonic spray pipe (Laval spray pipe) to accelerate to supersonic speed. The pure copper powder particles leave the spray pipe at supersonic speed and impact the surface of the rotor to be processed, and the pure copper powder particles are subjected to plastic deformation and attached to the surface of the rotor to realize the forming of the conducting bars.

Because the conductive capability of the copper is greatly influenced by the oxide in the copper, the ultrasonic quick cold spraying can avoid the high-temperature oxidation of the conducting bar to a great extent, the oxygen content of the copper in the conducting bar can be controlled at a lower level, and the temperature rise of the conducting bar in the working process is greatly reduced.

Furthermore, the particle size of the pure copper powder particles is 10-50 μm.

Further, the part of the rotor, which does not need to be sprayed, is shielded by polyamide adhesive tape.

Further, the gas is inert gas, the inert gas is helium or nitrogen, and the gas pressure is 1.5-5 MPa.

Further, the pure copper powder particles are accelerated from the axial feed gas jet and the pure copper powder particles impact the substrate in solid form to form the coating.

Further, the gas is nitrogen. The flow rate of the main gas (N2) is 2200-2280L/h under the pressure of 3.9-4 Mpa, the secondary gas pressure is 3.9-4.1 Mpa, the flow rate is 580-650L/h, the temperature of the gas chamber is 400-550 ℃, the rotating speed of a workpiece is 100-500 rpm, the distance between a spraying gun and a rotor is 10-50 mm, the spraying traveling speed is 1-25 mm/s, and the powder feeding amount is 6-50 g/min.

Furthermore, the deposition speed of the ultrasonic rapid cold spraying is 100 um/h-500 um/h.

And the deposition speed of electroplating or electroforming is 20-50 um/h.

Further, the pure copper powder particles are pressed into a powder feeding pipe of the spray gun through a powder feeder.

Unlike traditional electroplating or electroforming, which needs to convert copper ions into elemental copper to be deposited on a substrate material through an electrochemical process, supersonic cold spraying directly impacts elemental copper particles on the surface of the substrate at a supersonic speed, and the deposition speed is far higher than that of electroplating or electroforming.

Since the ultrasonic cold spray technique has a low operating temperature and does not melt the spray material, the surface of the spray material is hardly oxidized, and the spray material can substantially maintain its properties. For the application, the sprayed material is copper, and the copper is an easily-oxidized substance, so that the copper sprayed on the surface of the rotor through ultrasonic rapid cooling is not substantially oxidized under the protection of protective gas, and the conductivity close to that of pure copper can be realized; residual stresses remaining inside the material are negligible, since there is no significant thermal effect.

The cold spraying process for forming rotor conducting bar is shown in the figure, and the working gas is He or N₂He has a better acceleration effect than N₂The gas pressure is 1.5-5 MPa, and the higher the gas pressure is, the higher the speed of the copper powder particles is. The preheating temperature is 100-600 ℃, the diameter of copper powder particles is less than 50 mu m, the copper powder particles are added before a throat, and the acceleration range is 500-1000 m/s. The spraying distance is 5-25 mm.

Although the present application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made in the configuration and details of the present application within the principles and scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is determined by the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.