阅读说明：本技术 一种优良紫菜的培育方法 (Method for cultivating excellent laver ) 是由 李冠楚 李友钳 李进然 于 2020-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种优良紫菜的培育方法,包括下列加工步骤：(1)育苗；(2)种苗；(3)浅海培育；(4)深海培育；(5)收割；(6)成型。本发明为保护环境,采用人工操作,保护了环境。在浅海培育和深海培育中将养殖网搬运到岸上晒干,避免海水和潮气粘到紫菜上,使养殖网在短时间能尽快晒干,提高了紫菜的质量；本方法培育的紫菜生长在10公分左右就采摘,味道鲜美爽口,营养价值丰富。在相对深海有海浪的海域培育的紫菜口感明显高于风平浪静海域紫菜的口感和味道,深海有海浪的海域培育的紫菜营养价值也高于其它微波小波海域的培育的紫菜。(The invention relates to a method for cultivating excellent laver, which comprises the following processing steps: (1) seedling raising; (2) seedling; (3) cultivating shallow sea; (4) deep sea cultivation; (5) harvesting; (6) and (5) molding. The invention protects the environment by adopting manual operation. The cultivation net is carried to the shore for drying in shallow sea cultivation and deep sea cultivation, so that seawater and moisture are prevented from being adhered to the laver, the cultivation net can be dried as soon as possible in a short time, and the quality of the laver is improved; the laver cultivated by the method can be picked up when growing at about 10 cm, and has delicious and refreshing taste and rich nutritive value. The taste of the laver cultured in the sea area with sea waves in relative deep sea is obviously higher than that of the laver cultured in the calm sea area, and the nutritive value of the laver cultured in the sea area with sea waves in deep sea is also higher than that of the laver cultured in other microwave wavelet sea areas.)

1. A method for cultivating excellent laver is characterized by comprising the following processing steps:

(1) seedling culture: the method comprises the following steps that seawater in a local sea area is used for a cultivation pool, the cultivation pool is free of wind wave interference, the temperature of the seawater in the cultivation pool is 15-25 ℃, laver seedlings are placed into the cultivation pool, the laver seedlings in the cultivation pool are enabled to be completely static and adsorb seawater nutrients, finally the laver seedlings and the seawater are uniformly mixed, the mixing time is three days and three nights, and then the mixture is kept static for 15 days in a dark place;

(2) seedling: soaking a cultivation net consisting of ropes and bamboo plaques in a cultivation pool, continuously turning and stirring by using a stirrer, rolling the cultivation net one day and one night, enabling laver seedlings to be adhered to the ropes and the bamboo plaques of the cultivation net, standing the cultivation pool for two days after the cultivation net is rolled, and taking out the cultivation net and the bamboo plaques from the cultivation pool to be dried for one day;

(3) shallow sea cultivation: the sea water depth is 2-5 m, the sea wave height is not more than 1.25 m, the dried cultivation net in the step (2) is moved to the local shallow sea at 4-5 o' clock in the morning of the next day, piles are piled on the sea surface in advance, the cultivation net is fixed on piles under the sea surface, the cultivation net is soaked for two days under the sea surface, the cultivation net is taken back to the shore to be dried for one day, and the steps are repeated for half a month until the obvious black spots on the cultivation net can be seen by using a magnifying glass;

(4) deep sea cultivation: the sea water depth of the cultivation area is between 5 and 20 meters, obvious sea waves exist, the sea wave height does not exceed 2.5 meters, the sea water temperature is 8 to 15 ℃, the sea area sea water salinity is 8 per mill to 20 per mill, the sea area sea water is soaked for two days, then the sea area sea water is moved to the shore to be sunned for one day, and the steps are repeated for one half and a half; after the laver grows out, the laver is placed on the sea surface to be soaked for one day, then the laver is moved to the shore to be dried for one day, the operation is repeated for about one month, if the laver is not dried by rain, the laver can be pushed to leave for 1-5 days, and the length of the laver reaches about 10 centimeters;

(5) harvesting: cutting off the dried laver in the step (4) from the cultivation net, pumping seawater with the depth of more than ten meters in the cultivated area for cleaning for 20-30 minutes, and repeatedly cleaning with underground pollution-free fresh water with the depth of less than 20 meters for 10-30 minutes;

(6) molding: uniformly placing cleaned thallus Porphyrae on bamboo tray, and sun drying in clean place.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a laver cultivation technology, in particular to a cultivation method of excellent laver.

Background

Porphyra haitanensis is a specific warm temperate zone variety in China and is the main economic red algae cultivated in south China. As economic crops, the commercial crops are delicious, rich in protein and various elements required by human bodies, and popular with consumers. In recent years, natural environment is damaged by a large amount of mechanical operation, and the mechanical operation is suitable for the requirement of mechanical operation, the laver grows for more than 20 cm and is convenient for mechanical harvesting, but the laver is more than 10 cm, the taste of the laver is obviously poor, and the taste is heavier when the laver is eroded for a longer time; at present, most of the laver is cultivated in calm sea areas, the taste of the laver cultivated in calm sea areas is obviously different from that of the laver cultivated in deep sea areas with obvious sea waves, and the nutritive value of the laver cultivated in calm sea areas is also lower than that of the laver cultivated in sea areas with sea waves.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing excellent laver.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for cultivating good laver comprises the following steps:

(1) seedling culture: the method comprises the following steps that seawater in a local sea area is used for a cultivation pool, the cultivation pool is free of wind wave interference, the temperature of the seawater in the cultivation pool is 15-25 ℃, laver seedlings are placed into the cultivation pool, the laver seedlings in the cultivation pool are enabled to be completely static and adsorb seawater nutrients, finally the laver seedlings and the seawater are uniformly mixed, the mixing time is three days and three nights, and then the mixture is kept static for 15 days in a dark place;

(2) seedling: soaking a cultivation net consisting of ropes and bamboo plaques in a cultivation pool, continuously turning and stirring by using a stirrer, rolling the cultivation net one day and one night, enabling laver seedlings to be adhered to the ropes and the bamboo plaques of the cultivation net, standing the cultivation pool for two days after the cultivation net is rolled, and taking out the cultivation net and the bamboo plaques from the cultivation pool to be dried for one day;

(3) shallow sea cultivation: the sea water depth is 2-5 m, the sea wave height is not more than 1.25 m, the dried cultivation net in the step (2) is moved to the local shallow sea at 4-5 o' clock in the morning of the next day, piles are piled on the sea surface in advance, the cultivation net is fixed on piles under the sea surface, the cultivation net is soaked for two days under the sea surface, the cultivation net is taken back to the shore to be dried for one day, and the steps are repeated for half a month until the obvious black spots on the cultivation net can be seen by using a magnifying glass;

(4) deep sea cultivation: the sea water depth of the cultivation area is between 5 and 20 meters, obvious sea waves exist, the sea wave height does not exceed 2.5 meters, the sea water temperature is 8 to 15 ℃, the sea area sea water salinity is 8 per mill to 20 per mill, the sea area sea water is soaked for two days, then the sea area sea water is moved to the shore to be sunned for one day, and the steps are repeated for one half and a half; after the laver grows out, the laver is placed on the sea surface to be soaked for one day, then the laver is moved to the shore to be dried for one day, the operation is repeated for about one month, if the laver is not dried by rain, the laver can be pushed to leave for 1-5 days, and the length of the laver reaches 10 centimeters;

(5) harvesting: cutting off the dried laver in the step (4) from the cultivation net, pumping seawater with the depth of more than ten meters in the cultivated area for cleaning for 20-30 minutes, and repeatedly cleaning with underground pollution-free fresh water with the depth of less than 20 meters for 10-30 minutes;

(6) molding: uniformly placing cleaned thallus Porphyrae on bamboo tray, and sun drying in clean place.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: in order to protect the environment, manual operation is adopted, so that the environment is protected; the cultivation net is carried to the shore for drying in shallow sea cultivation and deep sea cultivation, so that seawater and moisture are prevented from being adhered to the laver, the cultivation net can be dried as soon as possible in a short time, and the quality of the laver is improved; the laver cultivated by the method is picked when growing at about 10 centimeters, and the laver is delicious and tasty and has rich nutritive value; the taste of the laver cultured in the sea area with sea waves in relative deep sea is obviously higher than that of the laver cultured in the calm sea area, and the nutritive value of the laver cultured in the sea area with sea waves in deep sea is also higher than that of the laver cultured in other microwave wavelet sea areas.

Detailed Description

A method for cultivating good laver comprises the following steps:

(1) seedling culture: the method comprises the following steps that seawater in a local sea area is used for a cultivation pool, the cultivation pool is free of wind wave invasion, the temperature of the seawater in the cultivation pool is 15-25 ℃, laver seedlings are uniformly placed into the cultivation pool, the uniform method adopts the mode that the laver seedlings are placed into the cultivation pool and are uniformly stirred and mixed in the pool for three days and three nights, the laver seedlings in the cultivation pool are completely kept stand and absorb seawater nutrients after being uniformly mixed, and then the laver seedlings are kept stand for 15 days in a dark place;

(2) seedling: soaking a cultivation net consisting of a bamboo plaque and a rope in a cultivation pool, continuously turning and stirring by using a stirrer, rolling the cultivation net for one day and one night to enable laver seedlings to be adhered to the rope and the bamboo plaque of the cultivation net, standing the cultivation pool for two days after the cultivation net is rolled, and taking out the cultivation net and the bamboo plaque from the cultivation pool to dry for one day;

(3) shallow sea cultivation: the sea water depth is 2-5 m, the sea wave height is not more than 1.25 m, the dried cultivation net in the step (2) is moved to the local shallow sea at 4-5 o' clock in the morning of the next day, piles are piled on the sea surface in advance, the cultivation net is fixed on piles under the sea surface, the cultivation net is soaked for two days under the sea surface, the cultivation net is taken back to the shore to be dried for one day, and the steps are repeated for half a month until the obvious black spots on the cultivation net can be seen by using a magnifying glass;

(4) deep sea cultivation: the sea water depth of the cultivation area is between 5 and 20 meters, obvious sea waves exist, the sea wave height does not exceed 2.5 meters, the sea water temperature is 8 to 15 ℃, the sea area sea water salinity is 8 per mill to 20 per mill, the sea area sea water is soaked for two days, then the sea area sea water is moved to the shore to be sunned for one day, and the steps are repeated for one half and a half; after the laver grows out, the laver is placed on the sea surface to be soaked for one day, then the laver is moved to the shore to be dried for one day, the operation is repeated for about one month, if the laver is not dried by rain, the laver can be pushed to leave for 1-5 days, and the length of the laver reaches about 10 centimeters; the process completely simulates the growth conditions of wild laver on reefs: absorbing seawater nutrients during tide rising, and bearing the sea wave beating to increase the toughness and brittleness of the laver; when the tide is ebb, the sunlight is irradiated to carry out photosynthesis;

(5) harvesting: cutting off the dried laver in the step (4) from the cultivation net, pumping seawater with the depth of more than ten meters in the cultivated area for washing for 20-30 minutes, wherein the seawater with the depth of more than ten meters is cleaner, and repeatedly washing the laver for 10-30 minutes by using underground pollution-free fresh water with the depth of less than 20 meters, wherein the underground pollution-free fresh water has no tap water bleaching powder;

(6) molding: the cleaned laver is uniformly placed on a bamboo tray, dried in the sun and molded in a clean place, or dried in the sun on other devices capable of leaking water.

The temperature of the seawater is different in different seasons in different sea areas, so that the cultivation time of the laver in the sea areas of different areas is different. Seedling culture is started after mid-autumn festival of the Guangdong Shandong Lufeng region (mainly Jiadong Town) every year, if the temperature is high, the seedling culture is delayed for a few days, the seedling culture can be generally delayed to the end of 8 months in the lunar calendar, and the seedling culture is carried out when the temperature of seawater reaches 8-15 ℃. The seawater temperature is required to be reached mainly to adapt to cultivation and growth of high-quality laver, and the laver eating by fish shoals can be effectively prevented, the fish shoals with low water temperature move in deep sea areas of open sea, and the silkworm eating by the fish shoals is avoided.

When the laver is cultivated in the sea area of the Shandong land Feng district (mainly Town of Jia Dong), the cultivation period is from mid-autumn to the Qingming in the second year, the excellent laver is cultivated before mid-autumn to the february in the second year, the seedling is generally cultivated after mid-autumn, and the product is similar to the product produced in winter. Generally, the laver cultivated before and after the clear grafting is not eaten well after 2 months (commonly called as the tailed laver, the taste is not good, and the nutritive value is greatly reduced). As other areas, the above-mentioned process is adapted, in which the temp. of seawater in said sea area must be 8-15 deg.C, and the salinity of seawater must be 8-20%, if the salinity of seawater is not reached to said range, the seawater salinity of said culture area can be reached to the above-mentioned requirements by using artificial fresh water or uniformly irrigating with natural fresh water.