阅读说明：本技术 一种芒果杂交育种中亲本花期不遇的处理方法及应用 (Treatment method and application of parent flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding ) 是由 刘斌 黄云 杜邦 王成 于 2020-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种芒果杂交育种中亲本花期不遇的处理方法及应用,包括：选择芒果杂交育种的亲本：根据育种目标,选择符合育种目标的杂交亲本；判断芒果杂交亲本的花期是否相遇：精准调查芒果杂交亲本的花期,判断杂交亲本花期是否相遇；计算摘除父本或母本花序的时间：如果选择的父本与母本花期不遇,可根据父本与母本花期时间差,计算摘除父本或母本顶花序的时间；摘除父本或母本顶花序：按照摘除父本或母本顶花序的时间,及时摘除父本或母本顶花序,使得父本与母本花期相遇。本发明摘除顶芽花序,促使腋芽抽生花序,延迟花期；摘除顶芽花序,促使腋芽抽生花序,人工摘除顶芽花序,芒果的花期易控制而且腋芽抽生花序整齐一致。(The invention discloses a method for treating parent flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting parents for mango crossbreeding: according to the breeding target, selecting the hybrid parents meeting the breeding target; judging whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet or not: accurately investigating the flowering phases of mango hybrid parents and judging whether the flowering phases of the hybrid parents meet each other; calculating the time for removing the paternal or maternal inflorescence: if the flowering period of the selected male parent is different from that of the female parent, the time for removing the apical inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent can be calculated according to the flowering period difference of the male parent and the female parent; removing the top inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent: and removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent in time according to the time of removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent, so that the male parent and the female parent meet at the flowering phase. The invention removes the terminal bud inflorescence, promotes the axillary bud to extract the inflorescence and delays the flowering phase; and (3) removing the terminal bud inflorescence, promoting the axillary bud to grow the inflorescence, and manually removing the terminal bud inflorescence, wherein the flowering phase of the mango is easy to control, and the axillary bud inflorescence is neat and consistent.)

1. A method for processing parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding is characterized by comprising the following steps:

calculating the time for removing the paternal or maternal inflorescence: if the flowering period of the selected male parent is different from that of the female parent, the time for removing the apical inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent can be calculated according to the flowering period difference of the male parent and the female parent;

removing the top inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent: and removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent in time according to the time of removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent, so that the male parent and the female parent meet at the flowering phase.

2. The method for processing parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation of the time for removing the paternal or maternal inflorescences is preceded by: judging whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet or not: and judging whether the flowering phases of the hybrid parents meet by accurately investigating the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents.

3. The method for processing flowering asynchronism of parents in mango crossbreeding as claimed in claim 2, wherein before determining whether the flowering phases of mango crossbreeding parents meet, it is necessary to: selecting parents for mango crossbreeding: and (4) according to the breeding target, selecting the hybrid parents meeting the breeding target.

4. The method for treating parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding as recited in claim 2, further comprising: accurately investigating the flowering phase of the mango hybrid parents, and judging whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet each other: and calculating the time difference between the flowering time of the male parent and the flowering time of the female parent, wherein the days of the time difference between the full-bloom time of the first-flowering mango hybrid parent and the full-bloom time of the later-flowering parent are calculated.

5. The method for processing parent flowering asynchronism in mango cross breeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the time for picking off the apical inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent is calculated as the number of days that the flowering time of the first flowering hybrid parent differs from the flowering time of the later flowering hybrid parent.

6. A mango crossbreeding method which uses the method for treating parental asynchronism in mango crossbreeding according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mango breeding, and particularly relates to a method for treating flowering asynchronism of parents in mango crossbreeding and application of the method.

Background

Mango crossbreeding is a breeding method which combines excellent genes with different traits controlled by parents into a whole through gene recombination, or accumulates different micro-effect genes with the same traits controlled by the parents to generate a variety which exceeds the type of the parents in the traits, thereby obtaining an excellent variety. The cross breeding is one of important breeding means of mango, and mango breeders develop cross breeding among mango varieties to obtain some cross progeny and breed cross varieties (lines). However, in the mango crossbreeding process, the problem that the flowering phases of the selected male parent and the female parent are inconsistent, namely, the flowering phases are not met, becomes a main difficulty of mango crossbreeding work, and limits the progress of the breeding work. According to the fact that both terminal buds and lateral buds on mango branches can differentiate inflorescences, if the terminal buds are removed, a plurality of axillary buds near the original terminal buds can germinate to form inflorescences. Therefore, the terminal bud inflorescence is removed in time, the axillary bud is promoted to be extracted to form the inflorescence, and the flowering phase can be regulated (delayed).

At present, measures for regulating and controlling the flowering period of mangoes are mainly to spray a plant growth regulator, and to spray 50-100 mg/L gibberellin mostly, but the concentration and the spraying frequency of the plant growth regulator are influenced by mango varieties, tree ages and climates, and the flowering is not tidy after the flowering period is regulated and controlled.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a treatment method and application of parent flowering asynchronism in mango cross breeding, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional measures for regulating and controlling the flowering period of mangoes mainly comprise spraying a plant growth regulator, spraying 50-100 mg/L gibberellin mostly, wherein the concentration and spraying times of the sprayed plant growth regulator are influenced by mango varieties, tree ages and climate, and flowering is not tidy enough after the flowering period is regulated.

The invention is realized in such a way that a method for processing the flowering asynchronism of the parents in mango crossbreeding comprises the following steps:

calculating the time for removing the paternal or maternal inflorescence: if the selected male parent and the female parent do not meet in flowering period, the time for removing the apical inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent can be calculated according to the flowering period time difference of the male parent and the female parent (the number of days for the florescence time of the first-flowering hybrid parent to be different from the florescence time of the later-flowering hybrid parent);

removing the top inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent: and removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent in time according to the time of removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent, so that the male parent and the female parent meet at the flowering phase.

Further, the calculation of the time for removing the paternal or maternal inflorescence is preceded by: accurately investigating the flowering phase of the mango hybrid parents, and judging whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet each other: calculating the flowering time difference between the male parent and the female parent (days of the florescence difference between the first flowering mango hybrid parent and the later flowering parent)

Further, the determination of whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet requires: selecting parents for mango crossbreeding: and (4) according to the breeding target, selecting the hybrid parents meeting the breeding target.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a mango crossbreeding method, a method for using the mango crossbreeding method, and a method for treating flowering asynchronism of parents in mango crossbreeding.

By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the method for treating parent flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding, provided by the invention, terminal bud inflorescences are removed in time, axillary buds are promoted to generate inflorescences, and the flowering phase can be regulated and controlled; and (3) removing the terminal bud inflorescence to promote the axillary bud to grow into the inflorescence, wherein the terminal bud inflorescence is manually removed, so that the flowering period of the mango is easy to control, and the axillary bud inflorescence is neat and consistent. The method is simple and convenient to operate, and better solves the problems that the current measures for regulating and controlling the flowering phase of mangoes mainly comprise spraying plant growth regulators, more measures are to spray 50-100 mg/L gibberellin, the concentration and spraying frequency of the sprayed plant growth regulators are influenced by mango varieties, tree ages and climates, and the flowering is not tidy enough after the flowering phase is regulated and controlled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for treating parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding provided by the embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The following detailed description of the principles of the invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the method for treating parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding of the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

s101: selecting parents for mango crossbreeding: according to the breeding target, selecting the hybrid parents meeting the breeding target;

s102: judging whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet or not: accurately investigating the flowering phases of mango hybrid parents and judging whether the flowering phases of the hybrid parents meet each other;

s103: calculating the time for removing the paternal or maternal inflorescence: if the flowering period of the selected male parent is different from that of the female parent, the time for removing the apical inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent can be calculated according to the flowering period difference of the male parent and the female parent;

s104: removing the top inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent: and removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent in time according to the time of removing the terminal inflorescence of the male parent or the female parent, so that the male parent and the female parent meet at the flowering phase.

The number of days that the flowering time of the first flowering hybrid parent differs from that of the second flowering hybrid parent); calculating the time required before removing the paternal or maternal inflorescence: accurately investigating the flowering phase of the mango hybrid parents, and judging whether the flowering phases of the mango hybrid parents meet each other: and calculating the time difference between the flowering time of the male parent and the flowering time of the female parent, wherein the days of the time difference between the full-bloom time of the first-flowering mango hybrid parent and the full-bloom time of the later-flowering parent are calculated.

The method for treating parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding provided by the invention can also be implemented by other steps by persons of ordinary skill in the art, and the method for treating parental flowering asynchronism in mango crossbreeding provided by the invention in fig. 1 is only one specific example.

The application of the principles of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

Mango hybrid parents: male parent: mango with coconut flavor; female parent: kate mango;

coconut fragrance: the average weight of single fruit of the small fruit variety is 150 g, and the quality is excellent;

kate: the big fruit type variety has the average single fruit weight of 750 g and is a main cultivated variety in the Panxi area after being ripe at a very late stage.

However, in the Panxi area, the blooming period of the bougainvillea sinensis is about 2 months, but the blooming period of the Kaitegman sinensis is about 2 months later, and the blooming periods of the Kaitegman sinensis and the Kaitegman sinensis are different by about 10-20 days. In order to ensure that the flowering phases of the two materials meet, the flowering phase of the coconut fragrance mango needs to be delayed by about 10-20 days. The terminal inflorescence of the mango with the coconut fragrance is removed in the last 2 months, and the full bloom period of the inflorescence with the axillary buds of the coconut fragrance is in the last 2 months and is consistent with the full bloom period of the Kate mango.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.