阅读说明：本技术 一种砖石墙体表面做旧工艺 (Brick wall surface antiquing process ) 是由 江海朋 徐燕华 毛军 张玉良 邹频 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及建筑材料做旧领域,具体公开了一种砖石墙体表面做旧工艺,一种砖石墙体表面做旧工艺包括以下处理步骤：S1、有机酸处理；S2、清洁处理；S3、苔藓包覆生长；S4、涂料上色。通过采用上述技术方案,本申请先通过有机酸对砖石墙面进行涂覆腐蚀,由于有机酸可以溶解砖石墙面里石灰石中的钙成分,加速建筑的风化,进一步模拟自然环境内砖石墙面的风化现象,同时本申请通过苔藓的包覆生长,从而使砖石墙面中的碎石有效掉落,有效缓解仿古建筑的砖石墙体做旧后出现落脏的现象。(The application relates to the field of antique finishing of building materials, and particularly discloses a brick wall surface antique finishing process, which comprises the following processing steps: s1, organic acid treatment; s2, cleaning; s3, the moss grows in a coating way; and S4, coloring the paint. Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application is earlier carried out coating through organic acid and is corroded the masonry wall, because organic acid can dissolve the calcium composition in the lime stone in the masonry wall, the weathering of building accelerates, further simulates the weathering phenomenon of masonry wall in the natural environment, and this application is grown through the cladding of moss simultaneously to make the rubble in the masonry wall effectively drop, effectively alleviate the phenomenon that the dirt appears after the masonry wall of archaize building is done old.)

1. A masonry wall surface antique finishing process is characterized by comprising the following processing steps:

s1, organic acid treatment: selecting a masonry wall surface needing antique finishing, spraying the prepared organic acid solution to the masonry wall surface, standing for 25-30 min, washing with clear water, naturally drying, repeatedly spraying the organic acid for 10-15 times, and naturally drying;

s2, cleaning: spraying sodium bicarbonate solution on the masonry wall surface after organic acid treatment again, then washing the masonry wall surface with water until the washing solution is neutral, naturally drying and removing impurities such as pumice and the like on the masonry wall surface;

s3, moss grows in a coating way: spraying a moss substrate mixture on the masonry wall surface cleaned by the S2 at a constant speed from left to right from top to bottom, shading, moisturizing and maintaining for 15 days, and continuing to moisturize and grow for 75-90 days;

s4, coloring the paint: and (3) stripping moss on the surface of the masonry wall, washing with clear water to remove matrix impurities, naturally drying, and coloring the masonry wall to finish the step of antiquing the surface of the masonry wall.

2. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid solution comprises the following substances in parts by weight:

55-80 parts of water;

3-5 parts of tartaric acid;

1-2 parts of oxalic acid;

1-2 parts of malic acid;

6-8 parts of citric acid.

3. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid solution is sprayed under a pressure of 3 to 5MPa and a spraying amount of 3 to 5kg/m²。

4. The masonry wall surface antique finishing process according to claim 1, wherein the moss substrate mixture comprises 35-40% of water, and comprises the following components in parts by weight:

45-50 parts of bryophyte stems and leaves;

5-10 parts of peat soil;

15-20 parts of rice chaff;

1-2 parts of a slow release fertilizer;

3-5 parts of super absorbent resin particles.

5. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 1, wherein the moss substrate mixture is sprayed to a thickness of 25 to 30 mm.

6. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 1, wherein the moisturizing maintenance is: curing at a relative humidity of 60-70% and a temperature of 20-30 ℃.

7. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 1, further comprising, after the organic acid treatment of step S1:

s11, simulating freeze-thaw treatment: and (3) spraying a soluble compound salt solution to the masonry wall surface after organic acid treatment, after spraying is finished, carrying out quenching treatment on the masonry wall surface by using a refrigerant, after the soluble compound salt solution is solidified on the masonry wall surface, stopping refrigerant treatment and naturally melting, repeating the freezing and thawing step for 10-15 times, washing the masonry wall surface by using water, naturally drying, and completing the freezing and thawing treatment of the masonry wall surface.

8. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 7, wherein the soluble complex salt solution comprises the following materials in parts by weight:

75-100 parts of water;

6-8 parts of sodium sulfate;

1-2 parts of sodium chloride;

1-2 parts of sodium carbonate.

9. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 7, wherein the spraying pressure of the soluble complex salt solution is 8-10 MPa, and the spraying amount is 5-8 kg/m²。

10. The masonry wall surface distressing process according to claim 7, wherein the refrigerant comprises any one of R410A refrigerant, R290 refrigerant or R407c refrigerant.

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of antique finishing of building materials, in particular to a masonry wall surface antique finishing process.

Background

The archaized building is specially used for imitating and replacing ancient buildings, traditional religious temples, traditional landscapes, historical buildings and ancient village groups, and restoring historical landscape general profiles, and generally comprises temple buildings, buildings with historical significance, urban scenic spots and other ancient buildings.

The wall body of the existing antique building is usually built by adopting antique green bricks, so that the wall body has a history of looking hundreds of years or thousands of years, can give people a vicissitude and a deep sense, brings a mysterious sense to scenic spots, attracts visitors, and plays a very important role in realizing scientific development of the scenic spots.

However, in the actual use process, the wall surface built by the antique bricks can be subjected to antiquing treatment due to the fact that the historic feeling and the vicissitude feeling of the antique building need to be reflected, the existing antiquing treatment generally adopts a polishing or inorganic acid etching scheme, but the wall surface of the antique brick building can be dirty due to the simple polishing treatment and the antiquing scheme, the building environment is damaged, and the texture of the antique building is reduced. And the traditional inorganic acid etching is used for antiquing, so that the mechanical property of a masonry wall building is reduced, the safety performance of the whole building is influenced, the environment is greatly influenced, and the texture of an antique building is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the brick wall body of current archaize building and do old back wall body intensity reduce and appear falling dirty, influence the defect of building environment, this application provides a brick wall body surface and do old technology, adopts following technical scheme:

the brick wall surface antiquing process comprises the following processing steps:

s1, organic acid treatment: selecting a masonry wall surface needing antique finishing, spraying the prepared organic acid solution to the masonry wall surface, standing for 25-30 min, washing with clear water, naturally drying, repeatedly spraying the organic acid for 10-15 times, and naturally drying;

s2, cleaning: spraying sodium bicarbonate solution on the masonry wall surface after organic acid treatment again, then washing the masonry wall surface with water until the washing solution is neutral, naturally drying and removing impurities such as pumice and the like on the masonry wall surface;

s3, moss grows in a coating way: spraying a moss substrate mixture on the masonry wall surface cleaned by the S2 at a constant speed from left to right from top to bottom, shading, moisturizing and maintaining for 15 days, and continuing to moisturize and grow for 75-90 days;

s4, coloring the paint: and (3) stripping moss on the surface of the masonry wall, washing with clear water to remove matrix impurities, naturally drying, and coloring the masonry wall to finish the step of antiquing the surface of the masonry wall.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application is earlier corroded the masonry wall coating through organic acid, because the calcium composition in the lime stone in the organic acid can dissolve masonry wall, also can combine together with the metal ion in the mineral in the masonry wall, the chemical composition in the rock is tentatively changed, organic acid effectively changes the pH value of rock surrounding environment simultaneously, because can accelerate the morals and manners of building under the acid environment, further simulate the morals and manners phenomenon of masonry wall in the natural environment, further improve the effect of making old of masonry wall.

On the basis, the moss grows in a coating mode, moss stems and leaves effectively penetrate into pores formed in the masonry wall surface through organic acid corrosion, and the moss stems and leaves are expanded and contracted in the growing process to promote the masonry wall surface to form a mottled structure, so that broken stones in the masonry wall surface effectively drop, the phenomenon that the masonry wall surface of an antique building is dirty after being used is effectively relieved, meanwhile, the organic acid treatment and moss coating growth schemes only act on the surface structure of the masonry wall surface, the interior of the masonry wall surface cannot be damaged, and the masonry wall surface has good building temperature performance when being used for effectively serving as the exterior wall surface of the antique building.

Further, the organic acid solution comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 55-80 parts of water; 3-5 parts of tartaric acid, 1-2 parts of oxalic acid, 1-2 parts of malic acid and 6-8 parts of citric acid.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the component of organic acid has been optimized in this application, through preferring common organic acid and content, improves the destructiveness ability of organic acid to the masonry wall, prevents that organic acid concentration from too high producing excessive corrosion to the masonry wall, and the good surface corrosion of degradation masonry wall structure also can be formed to the masonry wall simultaneously to form good old effect, further improve the antique feel of masonry wall.

Further, the spraying pressure of the organic acid solution is 3-5 MPa, and the spraying amount is 3-5 kg/m²。

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, organic acid's spraying pressure and spraying volume have been optimized in this application, organic acid after the optimization can form even corrosion effect at the masonry wall, the spraying pressure has been optimized simultaneously, prevent that organic acid from further handling the inside hole depths of masonry wall, the problem that the building mechanics intensity appears the degradation after improving organic acid and handling, surface structure after organic acid handles simultaneously can form the foreshadowing for follow-up payload moss, make later stage moss can effectively form good cladding effect on the masonry wall surface.

Further, the water content of the moss substrate mixture is 35-40%, and the moss substrate mixture comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 45-50 parts of moss stems and leaves, 5-10 parts of peat soil, 15-20 parts of rice chaff, 1-2 parts of slow release fertilizer and 3-5 parts of super absorbent resin particles.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application is optimized earlier the moisture content in the graft mixture of moss, because the moss is in the growth process, relatively harsher to the moisture content requirement, the moisture content after this application is optimized can keep the inside sufficient moisture that has of moss matrix, prevents again that too high moisture from leading to the moss rotten phenomenon appearance to appear.

Further, the spraying thickness of the moss substrate mixture is 25-30 mm.

By adopting the technical scheme, the spraying thickness of the moss substrate mixture is optimized, so that moss can effectively survive on the surface of the substrate mixture, and can effectively invade the masonry wall surface under the subsequent growth condition, so that the surface structure of the masonry wall surface forms natural erosion and weathering, and the texture of the masonry wall surface after the antique finishing is effectively improved.

Further, the moisture retention and maintenance method comprises the following steps: curing at a relative humidity of 60-70% and a temperature of 20-30 ℃.

By adopting the technical scheme, the method optimizes the conditions of moisturizing and maintenance, and ensures that the moss can survive rapidly and effectively propagate and grow in the environment, thereby providing a good environment for subsequent erosion and old-making of the moss plants.

Further, after the organic acid treatment in step S1, the method further includes:

s11, simulating freeze-thaw treatment: and (3) spraying a soluble compound salt solution to the masonry wall surface after organic acid treatment, after spraying is finished, carrying out quenching treatment on the masonry wall surface by using a refrigerant, after the soluble compound salt solution is solidified on the masonry wall surface, stopping refrigerant treatment and naturally melting, repeating the freezing and thawing step for 10-15 times, washing the masonry wall surface by using water, naturally drying, and completing the freezing and thawing treatment of the masonry wall surface.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application still further adopts the freeze thawing scheme to handle masonry wall structure, inside permeating the hole on masonry surface through soluble compound salt solution earlier, freeze thawing treatment on this basis, because the soluble salt in the surface hole of masonry wall can absorb water and form the crystallization salt that has a plurality of crystal water, volume increase after the salinity crystallization, can produce the expansibility in masonry wall hole, thereby make natural peeling off and the crack appear on the wall body surface.

On the basis, through freeze-thaw cycle processing, along with the repeated changes of the environment such as the peripheral humidity and temperature of the wall body, the salt content remained on the surface of the wall body and in the pores is more and more, and the expansion force formed in the pores of the ancient bricks is more and more, so that the structural performance of the masonry wall surface is further improved, and the masonry wall surface subjected to the antique processing has a natural antique effect.

Further, the soluble complex salt solution comprises the following substances in parts by weight: 75-100 parts of water, 6-8 parts of sodium sulfate, 1-2 parts of sodium chloride and 1-2 parts of sodium carbonate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the formula and the components of the soluble compound salt solution are optimized, and sulfate, carbonate and the like are optimized in the soluble salt, so that the masonry wall surface is damaged through dissolution, permeation, crystallization and expansion. Meanwhile, the soluble salt also has a strong moisture absorption effect, so that the surface of the masonry wall surface is wet, and small erosion is formed on the masonry wall surface in the subsequent freeze-thaw treatment process, so that the structure and the appearance of the masonry surface are improved.

Further, the spraying pressure of the soluble compound salt solution is 8-10 MPa, and the spraying amount is 5-8 kg/m²。

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application improves spraying pressure and the volume of spraying of soluble compound salt solution, makes soluble compound salt solution in the in-process of handling the masonry wall, plays good cladding and infiltration, can prevent that the excessive infiltration of soluble salt from influencing wall structural performance, also can effectively improve the erosion effect of soluble salt to the wall.

The refrigerant may include any one of R410A refrigerant, R290 refrigerant, and R407c refrigerant.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, freezing and thawing treatment's refrigerant has been preferred in this application, selects the refrigerant that the performance is high-quality and the cost is lower, and when the refrigerant material that this application adopted had good freezing treatment effect, also had no destructive effect to the environment, compound green's requirement.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

first, this application is earlier through organic acid to the brick and stone wall coating corruption, because the calcium composition in the lime stone in the organic acid can dissolve the brick and stone wall, also can combine together with the metal ion in the mineral in the brick and stone wall, the chemical composition in the rock tentatively changes, organic acid effectively changes the pH value of rock surrounding environment simultaneously, because can accelerate the morals and manners of building under the acid environment, further simulate the morals and manners phenomenon of brick and stone wall in the natural environment, further improve the old effect of making of brick and stone wall.

On the basis, the moss grows in a coating mode, moss stems and leaves effectively penetrate into pores formed in the masonry wall surface through organic acid corrosion, and the moss stems and leaves are expanded and contracted in the growing process to promote the masonry wall surface to form a mottled structure, so that broken stones in the masonry wall surface effectively drop, the phenomenon that the masonry wall surface of an antique building is dirty after being used is effectively relieved, meanwhile, the organic acid treatment and moss coating growth schemes only act on the surface structure of the masonry wall surface, the interior of the masonry wall surface cannot be damaged, and the masonry wall surface has good building temperature performance when being used for effectively serving as the exterior wall surface of the antique building.

Secondly, this application has optimized the component of organic acid, through preferring common organic acid and content, improves the destructiveness ability of organic acid to the masonry wall, prevents that organic acid concentration from too high to produce excessive corrosion to the masonry wall, and the good surface corrosion of degradation masonry wall structure also can form to the masonry wall simultaneously to form good old effect, further improve the feel of imitating the antique of masonry wall.

Thirdly, this application still further adopts the freeze thawing scheme to handle the masonry wall structure, inside permeating the hole on masonry surface through soluble compound salt solution earlier, freeze thawing treatment on this basis, because the soluble salt in the surface hole of masonry wall can absorb water and form the crystallization salt that has a plurality of crystal waters, the volume increase after the salinity crystallization can produce the bulging force in masonry wall hole to make natural peeling off and crack appear on the wall surface.

On the basis, through freeze-thaw cycle processing, along with the repeated changes of the environment such as the peripheral humidity and temperature of the wall body, the salt content remained on the surface of the wall body and in the pores is more and more, and the expansion force formed in the pores of the ancient bricks is more and more, so that the structural performance of the masonry wall surface is further improved, and the masonry wall surface subjected to the antique processing has a natural antique effect.

And fourthly, the formula and the components of the soluble compound salt solution are optimized, and sulfate, carbonate and the like are optimized in the soluble salt, so that the masonry wall surface is damaged through the dissolving, permeating, crystallizing and expanding effects. Meanwhile, the soluble salt also has a strong moisture absorption effect, so that the surface of the masonry wall surface is wet, and small erosion is formed on the masonry wall surface in the subsequent freeze-thaw treatment process, so that the structure and the appearance of the masonry surface are improved.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.

The starting materials for the preparation examples, examples and comparative examples of the present application are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Medicine preparation: tartaric acid, zhengzhou yu food additives limited; oxalic acid, environmental protection technologies ltd, saint america, yozhou province; citric acid, environmental protection technologies ltd, shengmei, yozhou; malic acid, Zhengzhou Xingwang chemical products Co., Ltd., Cat No. 156-43; sustained release fertilizer, chansha hanlin horticulture ltd, cat # HB 101; super absorbent resin, Ningpo environmental protection science and technology Limited, Ningpo, viscosity 99 s; peat soil, Shijiazhuang Fanghong mineral products Co., Ltd., Cat No. 11.

Preparation of soluble complex salt solution

Preparation example 1

Mixing 7.5kg of water, 0.6kg of sodium sulfate, 0.1kg of sodium chloride and 0.1kg of sodium carbonate at room temperature under stirring, and collecting to obtain a soluble compound salt solution 1.

Preparation example 2

8.8kg of water, 0.7kg of sodium sulfate, 0.2kg of sodium chloride and 0.2kg of sodium carbonate are taken to be stirred and mixed at room temperature, and the soluble compound salt solution 2 is collected.

Preparation example 3

10kg of water, 0.8kg of sodium sulfate, 0.2kg of sodium chloride and 0.2kg of sodium carbonate are taken to be stirred and mixed at room temperature, and the soluble compound salt solution 3 is collected.

Preparation of organic acid solution

Preparation example 4

5.5kg of water, 0.3kg of tartaric acid, 0.1kg of oxalic acid, 0.1kg of malic acid and 0.6kg of citric acid are taken, stirred and mixed at room temperature, and an organic acid solution 1 is obtained.

Preparation example 5

6.8kg of water, 0.4kg of tartaric acid, 0.1kg of oxalic acid, 0.1kg of malic acid and 0.7kg of citric acid are taken, stirred and mixed at room temperature, and an organic acid solution 2 is obtained by collection.

Preparation example 6

8.0kg of water, 0.5kg of tartaric acid, 0.2kg of oxalic acid, 0.2kg of malic acid and 0.8kg of citric acid are taken, stirred and mixed at room temperature, and an organic acid solution 3 is obtained.

Moss substrate mixture preparation

Preparation example 7

Mixing bryophyte stem and leaf 4.5kg, peat soil 0.5kg, rice chaff 1.5kg, slow release fertilizer 0.1kg and super absorbent resin particles 0.3kg under stirring at room temperature, adding water to adjust the water content to 35%, and collecting bryophyte substrate mixture 1.

Preparation example 8

Mixing stem and leaf of moss 4.7kg, peat soil 0.7kg, rice chaff 1.7kg, slow release fertilizer 0.1kg and super absorbent resin particles 0.4kg under stirring at room temperature, adding water to adjust water content to 37%, and collecting moss substrate mixture 2.

Preparation example 9

Mixing 5.0kg of moss stems and leaves, 1.0kg of peat soil, 2.0kg of rice chaff, 0.2kg of slow release fertilizer and 0.5kg of super absorbent resin particles under stirring at room temperature, adding water to adjust the water content to 40%, and collecting to obtain a moss substrate mixture 3.

Examples

Example 1

S1, organic acid treatment: selecting a masonry wall surface needing old-making treatment, spraying the prepared organic acid solution 1 to the masonry wall surface, controlling the spraying pressure of the organic acid solution 2 to be 3MPa, and controlling the spraying amount to be 3kg/m²Standing for 25min after spraying, washing with clear water, naturally drying, repeatedly spraying organic acid for 10 times, and naturally drying;

s2, cleaning: spraying 0.5mol/L sodium bicarbonate solution on the masonry wall surface after the organic acid treatment, then washing the masonry wall surface with water until the washing solution is neutral, naturally drying and removing impurities such as pumice and the like on the masonry wall surface;

s3, moss grows in a coating way: spraying a moss substrate mixture on the masonry wall surface cleaned by the S2 at a constant speed from top to bottom from left to right, controlling the spraying thickness to be 25mm, shading, maintaining at a relative humidity of 60% and a temperature of 20 ℃ for 15 days, and then continuing to moisturize and grow for 75 days;

s4, coloring the paint: and (3) stripping moss on the surface of the masonry wall, washing with clear water to remove matrix impurities, naturally drying, and coloring the masonry wall to finish the step of antiquing the surface of the masonry wall.

Example 2

S1, organic acid treatment: selecting a masonry wall surface needing old-making treatment, spraying the prepared organic acid solution 2 to the masonry wall surface, and controlling the spraying pressure of the organic acid solution 2 to be 4MPa and the spraying amount to be 4kg/m²Standing for 27min after spraying, washing with clear water, air drying, and repeatedly spraying organic acid 1After 2 times, naturally drying;

s2, cleaning: spraying 0.5mol/L sodium bicarbonate solution on the masonry wall surface after the organic acid treatment, then washing the masonry wall surface with water until the washing solution is neutral, naturally drying and removing impurities such as pumice and the like on the masonry wall surface;

s3, moss grows in a coating way: spraying a moss substrate mixture on the masonry wall surface cleaned by the S2 at a constant speed from left to right from top to bottom, controlling the spraying thickness to be 25mm, shading, maintaining at a relative humidity of 65% and a temperature of 25 ℃ for 15 days, and then continuing to moisturize and grow for 82 days;

s4, coloring the paint: and (3) stripping moss on the surface of the masonry wall, washing with clear water to remove matrix impurities, naturally drying, and coloring the masonry wall to finish the step of antiquing the surface of the masonry wall.

Example 3

S1, organic acid treatment: selecting a masonry wall surface needing old-making treatment, spraying the prepared organic acid solution 3 to the masonry wall surface, and controlling the spraying pressure of the organic acid solution 3 to be 5MPa and the spraying amount to be 5kg/m²Standing for 30min after spraying, washing with clear water, naturally drying, repeatedly spraying organic acid for 15 times, and naturally drying;

s2, cleaning: spraying 0.5mol/L sodium bicarbonate solution on the masonry wall surface after the organic acid treatment, then washing the masonry wall surface with water until the washing solution is neutral, naturally drying and removing impurities such as pumice and the like on the masonry wall surface;

s3, moss grows in a coating way: spraying a moss substrate mixture on the masonry wall surface cleaned by the S2 at a constant speed from left to right from top to bottom, controlling the spraying thickness to be 25mm, shading, maintaining at a relative humidity of 70% at a temperature of 30 ℃ for 15 days, and then continuing to moisturize and grow for 90 days;

s4, coloring the paint: and (3) stripping moss on the surface of the masonry wall, washing with clear water to remove matrix impurities, naturally drying, and coloring the masonry wall to finish the step of antiquing the surface of the masonry wall.

Example 4

A process for making a brick wall surface antique finish, which is different from that of example 1, is that the moss substrate mixture of example 4 is sprayed to a thickness of 27mm, and the other preparation schemes and material compositions are the same as those of example 1.

Example 5

A process for making a brick wall surface antique finish, which is different from the process of example 1, is that the moss substrate mixture of example 4 is sprayed to a thickness of 30mm, and the other preparation schemes and material compositions are the same as those of example 1.

Example 6

The difference between the brick wall surface antique finishing process and the brick wall surface antique finishing process in the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 4, a simulated freeze-thaw treatment step is added between the step S1 and the step S2, and the concrete steps are as follows:

s11, simulating freeze-thaw treatment: spraying soluble compound salt solution 1 onto the organic acid treated masonry wall surface, controlling the spraying pressure of the soluble compound salt solution 1 to be 8MPa, and the spraying amount to be 5kg/m²After spraying, carrying out quenching treatment on the masonry wall surface by using a refrigerant R410A, stopping the refrigerant treatment and naturally melting after the soluble compound salt solution 1 is solidified on the masonry wall surface, repeating the freezing and thawing step for 10 times, washing the masonry wall surface by using water, naturally drying, and completing the freezing and thawing treatment of the masonry wall surface.

Example 7

The difference between the brick wall surface antique finishing process and the brick wall surface antique finishing process in the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 4, a simulated freeze-thaw treatment step is added between the step S1 and the step S2, and the concrete steps are as follows:

s11, simulating freeze-thaw treatment: spraying soluble compound salt solution 2 onto the organic acid treated masonry wall surface, controlling the spraying pressure of the soluble compound salt solution 1 to be 9MPa, and the spraying amount to be 6kg/m²After spraying is finished, quenching treatment is carried out on the masonry wall surface by adopting a refrigerant R410A, after the soluble compound salt solution 1 is solidified on the masonry wall surface, the refrigerant treatment is stopped and the masonry wall surface is naturally melted, after the freezing and thawing step is repeated for 13 times, the masonry wall surface is washed by water and naturally dried, and the freezing and thawing treatment of the masonry wall surface is finished.

Example 8

The difference between the brick wall surface antique finishing process and the brick wall surface antique finishing process in the embodiment 1 is that in the embodiment 4, a simulated freeze-thaw treatment step is added between the step S1 and the step S2, and the concrete steps are as follows:

s11, simulating freeze-thaw treatment: spraying soluble compound salt solution 1 onto the organic acid treated masonry wall surface, controlling the spraying pressure of the soluble compound salt solution 1 to be 10MPa, and the spraying amount to be 8kg/m²After spraying, carrying out quenching treatment on the masonry wall surface by using a refrigerant R410A, stopping the refrigerant treatment and naturally melting after the soluble compound salt solution 1 is solidified on the masonry wall surface, repeating the freezing and thawing step for 15 times, washing the masonry wall surface by using water, naturally drying, and completing the freezing and thawing treatment of the masonry wall surface.

Example 9

The difference between the brick wall surface antiquing process and the brick wall surface antiquing process in the embodiment 6 is that the refrigerant adopted in the embodiment 9 is R290 refrigerant.

Example 10

The difference between the brick wall surface antiquing process and the brick wall surface antiquing process in the embodiment 6 is that the refrigerant adopted in the embodiment 9 is R407c refrigerant.

Comparative example

Comparative example 1: the preparation method of the masonry wall surface antique finishing process is different from the preparation method of the embodiment 1 in that the step of processing is not carried out by adopting moss coating growth in the comparative example 1, and the other preparation schemes and material compositions are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 2: the preparation method of the masonry wall surface antique finishing process is different from the preparation method of the example 1 in that an organic acid treatment step is not adopted in the comparative example 2, and the rest preparation schemes and material compositions are the same as those of the example 1.

Comparative example 3: the preparation method of the masonry wall surface antique finishing process is different from the preparation method of the embodiment 1 in that 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid is directly adopted to replace the organic acid solution in the embodiment 1 in a comparative example 3, and the rest preparation schemes and material compositions are the same as those in the embodiment 1.

Comparative example 4: the preparation method of the antique finishing process for the surface of the masonry wall is different from the preparation method of the example 1 in that the spraying thickness of the moss substrate mixture in the comparative example 4 is 50mm, and the other preparation schemes and the material compositions are the same as those in the example 1.

Performance test

The performance tests were performed on the masonry walls prepared in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 4, respectively.

Detection method/test method

Selecting the grey bricks in the Suzhou Jinxi scenic spots with the same density as that of the masonry wall surface adopted by the application for performance detection, testing the compressive strength and the porosity of the grey bricks, and taking the grey bricks as a blank control group, wherein the specific detection effect of the blank control group is shown in the following table 1; and then, carrying out detection on the compressive strength and the porosity of the black bricks in the masonry wall body prepared by the embodiment and the comparison, and during detection, dividing the black bricks subjected to ageing treatment into two parts along the length of the black bricks, and respectively measuring the performances of the two ends of the black bricks. Specific test data are shown in tables 2 and 3 below.

TABLE 1 blank control Performance test Table

TABLE 2 appearance observation table

TABLE 3 Performance test Table

Performance analysis was performed from table 1 above:

(1) by combining the data in tables 1 and 2, it can be found that the blue bricks of examples 1 to 3 have a smaller difference between the appearance and the ancient brick wall and, at the same time, because the method carries out the antique treatment on one end of the grey brick and does not degrade the interior of the brick wall, therefore, the blue brick treated by the method for making the old has good old effect, good mechanical property and strength, and can effectively bear the use requirements of the existing environment, which shows that the technical scheme of the method for making the old brick firstly coats and corrodes the masonry wall surface by organic acid to simulate the weathering phenomenon of the masonry wall surface in the natural environment, on the basis, the coating growth of the moss promotes the masonry wall surface to form a mottled structure, thereby achieving good antiquing effect.

(2) The data of tables 1 to 3 are combined in the embodiments 4 to 5, the spraying thickness of the moss substrate mixture is optimized in the embodiments 4 to 5, and the spraying thickness of the moss substrate mixture is moderate in the embodiment in combination with the comparative example 4, so that the finally antiquated masonry wall has good antiquing effect and mechanical property.

(3) Comparing the embodiments 6-8 with the embodiments 1-3, combining the data in tables 1-3, it can be found that the antique effect of the masonry wall surface can be effectively improved by further freeze-thaw treatment, which illustrates that the technical scheme of the present application adopts the freeze-thaw scheme to treat the masonry wall surface structure, so that the wall surface has natural peeling and cracks, and meanwhile, along with the repeated changes of the environment such as the surrounding humidity and temperature of the wall, the salt content staying on the wall surface and in the pores is more and more, and the expansion force formed in the pores of the ancient bricks is also more and more, thereby further improving the structural performance of the masonry wall surface, and enabling the antique treated masonry wall surface to have the natural antique effect.

(4) The data in the embodiments 9 to 10 are combined with the data in the tables 1 to 3, which shows that the refrigerant selected by the technical scheme of the application has good antique effect when being subjected to antique treatment.

(5) Comparing the data of comparative examples 1-2 with the data of the embodiments 1-3, further explaining that the technical scheme of the application firstly coats and corrodes the masonry wall surface through the organic acid, simulates the weathering phenomenon of the masonry wall surface in the natural environment, and on the basis, the masonry wall surface is promoted to form a mottled structure through the coating growth of moss, so that a good antique effect is achieved.

(6) Compared example 3 is combined with example 1 and tables 1-3, which shows that the technical scheme of the application optimizes the components of the organic acid, preferably selects common organic acid and content, improves the destructive performance of the organic acid on the masonry wall surface, prevents the excessive corrosion of the organic acid with too high concentration on the masonry wall surface, degrades the masonry wall surface structure, and can form good corrosion on the masonry wall surface, thereby forming a good antique effect and further improving the antique texture of the masonry wall surface.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.