阅读说明：本技术 一种聚酰亚胺纤维/聚四氟乙烯纤维自润滑织物衬垫材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material ) 是由 袁军亚 张招柱 杨明明 赵鑫 姜葳 储凡杰 李佩隆 于 2020-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种聚酰亚胺纤维/聚四氟乙烯纤维自润滑织物衬垫材料及其制备方法,是以聚四氟乙烯纤维作为经纱,聚酰亚胺纤维作为纬纱编织织物,经空气等离子体改性处理后,在聚酰亚胺溶液中浸渍、烘干,重复上述步骤直至聚酰亚胺树脂在织物衬垫材料中的质量分数达到目标要求；最后用聚酰亚胺树-脂将浸渍好的织物衬垫粘贴在指定的金属基材表面,并在特定的温度和压力下经固化反应,得到自润滑织物衬垫材料。本发明合成的自润滑织物衬垫材料具有耐高温、高承载、低摩擦、界面粘合力强等优点,适用于高温、高速等极端服役工况条件,极大地拓展了自润滑关节轴承在高端装备润滑领域的应用范围。(The invention discloses a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material and a preparation method thereof, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are used as warp yarns, polyimide fibers are used as weft yarns to weave a fabric, the fabric is subjected to air plasma modification treatment, and then is soaked and dried in a polyimide solution, and the steps are repeated until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric liner material reaches the target requirement; and finally, sticking the impregnated fabric gasket on the surface of a specified metal base material by using polyimide resin, and carrying out curing reaction at a specific temperature and pressure to obtain the self-lubricating fabric gasket material. The self-lubricating fabric liner material synthesized by the invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high bearing capacity, low friction, strong interface adhesion and the like, is suitable for extreme service working conditions such as high temperature and high speed, and greatly expands the application range of the self-lubricating joint bearing in the field of lubrication of high-end equipment.)

1. A preparation method of a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material is characterized in that polytetrafluoroethylene fibers are used as warp yarns, polyimide fibers are used as weft yarns to weave a fabric, the fabric is subjected to air plasma modification treatment, then is soaked in a polyimide solution and dried, and the soaking and the drying are repeated until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric meets the target requirement; then the impregnated fabric liner is stuck on the surface of the metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, the self-lubricating fabric liner material is obtained through curing reaction.

2. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the woven fabric is one or a combination of several weaves of plain weave, twill weave and satin weave.

3. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the air plasma treatment time is 5-20 min, and the power is 50-200W.

4. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric is 20-30%.

5. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: the metal substrate is one of 9Cr18Mo, 9Cr18MoV, 9Cr18, 4Cr13 and 17-4 PH.

6. The method for preparing a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material according to claim 1, wherein: in the curing reaction, the applied pressure is 0.1-0.3 MPa, the temperature of the curing reaction is 100, 150, 200 and 265 ℃, the heat preservation time of each section is 30-60 min, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a preparation method of a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material, which is mainly used for processing self-lubricating joint bearings under extreme service working conditions of high temperature, high speed and the like, and belongs to the technical field of composite material preparation and solid lubrication.

Background

The self-lubricating joint bearing is a spherical sliding bearing, mainly consists of an outer ring with an inner spherical surface, an inner ring with an outer spherical surface and a self-lubricating liner, has the advantages of compact structure, strong bearing capacity, corrosion resistance, maintenance-free property and the like, and is widely applied to the lubricating field of high-end equipment such as aerospace, precision machinery and the like. The friction and wear performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner material as a key component of the self-lubricating joint bearing directly influences the service behavior and the service life of the self-lubricating joint bearing. The self-lubricating fabric liner is formed by compounding thin-layer fabric woven by mixing polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and other high-performance reinforcing fibers with polymer resin, so that the self-lubricating fabric liner has the excellent lubricating performance of the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and the outstanding bearing capacity of the reinforcing fibers.

In recent years, the rapid development of engineering machinery equipment technology puts higher requirements on the frictional wear performance of the self-lubricating fabric liner material, and if the fabric liner material is required to be capable of keeping stable and long-acting operation under extreme working conditions such as high temperature and high speed. In previous researches, polytetrafluoroethylene/aramid fiber phenolic resin base fabric lining materials are widely applied due to excellent antifriction and wear-resistant performances, but the lining materials are poor in thermal performance and difficult to meet requirements of extreme working conditions such as high temperature and high speed. Therefore, the improvement of the high temperature resistance of the self-lubricating fabric liner has great significance, and simultaneously, a plurality of challenges are faced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric liner material.

Preparation of self-lubricating fabric liner material

The preparation method of the self-lubricating fabric liner material comprises the steps of weaving a fabric by using polytetrafluoroethylene fibers as warp yarns and polyimide fibers as weft yarns, carrying out air plasma modification treatment on the fabric, then soaking and drying the fabric in a polyimide solution, and repeatedly soaking and drying the fabric until the mass fraction of polyimide resin in the fabric meets the target requirement; then the impregnated fabric liner is stuck on the surface of the metal substrate by polyimide resin, and finally, the self-lubricating fabric liner material is obtained through curing reaction.

The weave structure of the woven fabric is one or a combination of several weaves of plain weave, twill weave and satin weave.

The air plasma treatment time is 5-20 min, and the power is 50-200W.

The mass fraction of the polyimide resin in the fabric gasket material is 20-30%.

The metal substrate is one of 9Cr18Mo, 9Cr18MoV, 9Cr18, 4Cr13 and 17-4 PH.

The curing reaction is carried out at four stages of 100, 150, 200 and 265 ℃ in sequence under the condition of the applied pressure of 0.1-0.3 MPa, the heat preservation time of each stage is 30-60 min, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min.

Second, frictional wear performance test

1. High temperature tribological Properties

The test method comprises the following steps: a basalt third friction wear testing machine is adopted, 45 steel with the diameter of 2 mm is used as a friction couple, and under the conditions of determined sliding speed, application load, testing time and the like, a heating furnace arranged outside a friction pair is used for adjusting the environment temperature of a friction test to carry out the friction test. The friction coefficient is automatically output after the collected data is processed by a connected computer. And measuring the wear depth of the self-lubricating fabric liner material by using a digital display height gauge, and further calculating the wear volume of the fabric liner. Calculating the specific wear rate of the fabric gasket material by adopting a formula K = delta V/P ∙ L, wherein the K-specific wear rate is obtained; Δ V-wear volume; p-application load; l-sliding distance.

FIG. 1 is a bar graph (b) of the coefficient of friction (a) and wear rate of a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric pad as a function of ambient temperature. The results of fig. 1 (a) show that the self-lubricating fabric liner maintains excellent lubricating properties throughout the test temperature range and that the coefficient of friction of the self-lubricating fabric liner material tends to decrease with increasing ambient temperature. When the test environment temperature is 335 ℃, the friction coefficient of the fabric liner material is 0.0453, and the fabric liner material has excellent high-temperature lubricating performance. The results in fig. 1 (b) show that the specific wear rate of the self-lubricating fabric backing shows a clear trend of increasing with increasing ambient temperature, but the outstanding wear resistance performance can be maintained in the test temperature range. When the test environment is warm The wear rate of the fabric gasket material was 22.1X 10 at a temperature of 335 deg.C^-14m³· (N·m)^-1Still, it is kept at a low level, and exhibits excellent high-temperature abrasion resistance.

2. High speed tribological performance

The test method comprises the following steps: a basalt third friction and wear testing machine is adopted, 45 steel with the diameter of 2 mm is used as a friction couple, and the influence of the sliding speed on the tribology performance of the fabric liner is explored by adjusting the sliding speed of the friction test under the conditions of room temperature, determined application load, test time and the like. The friction coefficient is automatically output after the collected data is processed by a connected computer. And measuring the wear depth of the self-lubricating fabric liner material by using a digital display height gauge, and further calculating the wear volume of the fabric liner. Calculating the specific wear rate of the fabric gasket material by adopting a formula K = delta V/P ∙ L, wherein the K-specific wear rate is obtained; Δ V-wear volume; p-application load; l-sliding distance.

FIG. 2 is a bar graph (b) of the coefficient of friction (a) and wear rate of a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric pad as a function of sliding speed. The results of fig. 2 (a) show that the self-lubricating fabric liner maintains excellent lubricating performance over the range of test sliding speeds, and that the coefficient of friction of the self-lubricating fabric liner material shows a slightly decreasing trend with increasing sliding speed. At a slip speed of 2.73m/s, the coefficient of friction of the fabric backing material was 0.1322, which remained low. The results of fig. 2 (b) show that the specific wear rate of the self-lubricating fabric backing shows a significantly lower trend with increasing sliding speed. The specific wear rate of the fabric gasket material was 2.3X 10 when the test sliding speed was 2.73m/s ^-14m³· (N·m)^-1And the high-speed friction performance is kept at a low level, and excellent high-speed friction performance is shown.

In conclusion, the polytetrafluoroethylene/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin-based self-lubricating fabric liner material prepared by using the polyimide fibers as the reinforcing fibers and blending and weaving the reinforcing fibers and the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers has better wetting performance, so that the interface adhesion performance of the fabric liner material is good. Meanwhile, the used polyimide fiber and polyimide resin have outstanding thermal stability, and the self-lubricating fabric liner material is endowed with excellent high-temperature and high-speed tribological properties, so that the self-lubricating fabric liner material is suitable for extreme service working conditions such as high temperature and high speed, and the application range of the self-lubricating joint bearing in the field of high-end equipment lubrication is greatly expanded.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a bar graph (0.26 m/s, 12.5 MPa) of the coefficient of friction, wear rate, of a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric liner as a function of ambient temperature.

FIG. 2 is a bar graph (room temperature, 12.5 MPa) of the coefficient of friction, wear rate as a function of sliding speed for a PTFE/polyimide fabric-polyimide resin based fabric pad.

Detailed Description

The polyimide fiber/polytetrafluoroethylene fiber self-lubricating fabric backing material of the present invention, its preparation method and use are further illustrated by the following specific examples.