阅读说明：本技术 一种多频谱复合伪装材料及制备方法 (Multi-spectrum composite camouflage material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 徐戎 张晓忠 吴晓 于 2020-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多频谱复合伪装材料及制备方法,依次包括防水里层、里层基体、红外反射层、过渡层、吸波层和外层基体,以及设置于外层基体外侧的防水外层、隔热层和迷彩层,或者是设置于外层基体外侧的植被层,所述红外反射层和隔热层用于红外伪装,所述吸波层用于雷达伪装,所述迷彩层和植被层用于光学伪装,所述红外反射层材质为金属,所述吸波层为包括铁氧体粉、石墨粉和粘合剂的混合物。本发明的伪装材料可以实现可见光、红外和雷达多波段兼容的伪装效果,具有良好的防水性和耐候性,特别适合野外作业。(The invention discloses a multi-spectrum composite camouflage material and a preparation method thereof, and the multi-spectrum composite camouflage material sequentially comprises a waterproof inner layer, an inner layer matrix, an infrared reflecting layer, a transition layer, a wave absorbing layer, an outer layer matrix, a waterproof outer layer, a heat insulating layer and a camouflage layer which are arranged on the outer side of the outer layer matrix, or a vegetable layer which is arranged on the outer side of the outer layer matrix, wherein the infrared reflecting layer and the heat insulating layer are used for infrared camouflage, the wave absorbing layer is used for radar camouflage, the camouflage layer and the vegetable layer are used for optical camouflage, the infrared reflecting layer is made of metal, and the wave absorbing layer is a mixture comprising ferrite powder, graphite powder and an adhesive. The camouflage material can realize the camouflage effect of multi-band compatibility of visible light, infrared and radar, has good waterproofness and weather resistance, and is particularly suitable for field operation.)

1. The multi-spectrum composite camouflage material is characterized by comprising a waterproof inner layer, an inner layer matrix, an infrared reflecting layer, a transition layer, a wave absorbing layer, an outer layer matrix, a waterproof outer layer, a heat insulating layer and a camouflage layer which are arranged on the outer side of the outer layer matrix, or a vegetable layer which is arranged on the outer side of the outer layer matrix; the infrared reflecting layer and the heat insulation layer are used for infrared camouflage, the wave absorbing layer is used for radar camouflage, and the camouflage layer and the vegetation layer are used for optical camouflage; the infrared reflecting layer is mainly made of metal, and the wave absorbing layer is a mixture comprising ferrite powder, graphite powder and an adhesive.

2. The multi-spectral composite camouflage material of claim 1, wherein said inner and outer waterproof layers are a mixture of acrylic waterproof paint, adhesive, and camouflage pigment.

3. The multi-spectral composite camouflage material of claim 1, wherein the inner substrate and the outer substrate are color stripe cloth.

4. The camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the infrared reflecting layer is an aluminum foil, and the side of the aluminum foil having high infrared reflecting ability faces the barrier target.

5. The multi-spectral composite camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said transition layer is a mixture of ferrite powder, graphite powder, a binder and camouflage pigments.

6. The multi-spectrum composite camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wave absorbing layer comprises 24 to 32 percent of ferrite powder, 12 to 16 percent of fine graphite powder and 52 to 64 percent of epoxy adhesive by weight.

7. The multi-spectral composite camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thermal insulation layer is mainly a high density polyethylene film.

8. The multi-spectrum composite camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the camouflage layer comprises mixed paint and basalt fibers coated with camouflage pigments, the mixed paint comprises 16 to 30 percent of ferrite powder, 8 to 15 percent of graphite fine powder, 50 to 70 percent of adhesive and 4 to 8 percent of camouflage pigments by weight, and a layer of basalt fibers coated with camouflage pigments is laid on the surface of the mixed paint.

9. The multi-spectral composite camouflage material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vegetation layer matrix is a plant fiber felt, and vegetation with different shapes and colors is selected according to requirements.

10. A method of making the multi-spectral composite camouflage material of claim 8, comprising:

coating a waterproof lining material on one surface of the lining base body close to a target, adhering the infrared reflecting layer on the lining base body, coating a transition layer material on the infrared reflecting layer, coating a wave-absorbing layer material on the transition layer, and adhering the outer base body on the wave-absorbing layer;

then coating the waterproof outer layer on the surface of the outer layer substrate, adhering the heat-insulating layer on the waterproof outer layer, coating the mixed coating on the heat-insulating layer, and finally spreading the basalt fibers coated with the camouflage pigment; or the vegetation cultivated by the soilless culture technology is paved on the outer-layer substrate and fixed by the rope net to prepare the multi-spectrum composite camouflage material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of camouflage materials, in particular to a multi-spectrum composite camouflage material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In modern war, multiband multi-spectrum detection is a new normal state, camouflage materials with single wave band can not meet the requirements of modern war, multi-spectrum band camouflage materials, especially radar and infrared and visible light compatible camouflage materials are the inevitable trend of camouflage technology development, and meanwhile, the transient change of battlefield environment also puts higher requirements on the real-time performance and camouflage speed of camouflage.

The radar, infrared and visible light camouflage material refers to a camouflage material with the radar, infrared and visible light camouflage performances. On one hand, the surface material of the target has adjustable visible light reflectivity so that the visible light reflection coefficient of the target is as close as possible to the visible light reflection coefficient of the background environment to achieve the visible light camouflage effect; on the other hand, the infrared camouflage target has lower infrared radiation property so as to control the infrared radiation energy difference (temperature difference) between the target and the background, so that the infrared detection and imaging system cannot identify the character characteristics of the target, thereby realizing the infrared camouflage purpose; meanwhile, the radar camouflage target has good wave absorbing performance, and can greatly reduce radar echo so as to realize radar camouflage.

At present, a few reports on multi-band camouflage materials exist, and from the prior art, camouflage materials with single functions in all bands reach the application stage, but camouflage materials which are truly compatible with multiple bands such as visible light, near infrared, thermal infrared, centimeter waves and millimeter waves are rare. The existing camouflage compatible materials can only be compatible with two or three wave bands at most, but the compatibility effect is not ideal and is not in a practical stage, and the camouflage effect of the existing camouflage compatible materials can not meet the use requirement of the existing camouflage compatible materials compatible with three wave bands. Wideband camouflage nets are developed and equipped at home and abroad, but the fabrication process of the camouflage nets is complex, professional factories are required for mass production, and absolute cost is still high. In addition, the multi-spectrum comprehensive camouflage performance of a plurality of camouflage coating layers which are popular in the market at present needs to be improved for various reasons, and the market price is also higher. The existing camouflage layer is not good in comprehensive camouflage effect generally, is high in manufacturing cost, or high in construction difficulty and long in construction period, and mostly still hardly meets the high requirements of the transient change of a battlefield environment on the real-time property and the camouflage speed of camouflage.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings mentioned in the background technology, and provide a multi-spectrum composite camouflage material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the multi-spectrum composite camouflage material has radar and infrared and visible light camouflage performance.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a multi-spectrum composite camouflage material comprises a waterproof inner layer, an inner layer matrix, an infrared reflection layer, a transition layer, a wave absorbing layer, an outer layer matrix, a waterproof outer layer, a heat insulating layer and a camouflage layer which are arranged on the outer side of the outer layer matrix, or a vegetable layer which is arranged on the outer side of the outer layer matrix; the infrared reflecting layer and the heat insulation layer are used for infrared camouflage, the wave absorbing layer is used for radar camouflage, and the camouflage layer and the vegetation layer are used for optical camouflage; the infrared reflecting layer is mainly made of metal, and the wave absorbing layer is a mixture comprising ferrite powder, graphite powder and an adhesive.

Further, the waterproof inner layer and the waterproof outer layer are a mixture of acrylic waterproof paint, an adhesive and camouflage pigment.

Furthermore, the inner layer matrix and the outer layer matrix are made of color strip cloth.

Furthermore, the infrared reflecting layer is an aluminum foil, and one side of the aluminum foil with high infrared ray reflecting capacity faces the barrier shielding target.

Further, the transition layer is a mixture of ferrite powder, fine graphite powder, an adhesive and camouflage pigment.

Further, the wave absorbing layer comprises 24-32% of ferrite powder, 12-16% of graphite fine powder and 52-64% of epoxy adhesive by weight.

Further, the heat insulation layer is mainly a high-density polyethylene film.

Further, the camouflage layer comprises mixed paint and basalt fibers, the mixed paint comprises 16-30% of ferrite powder, 8-15% of graphite fine powder, 50-70% of adhesive and 4-8% of camouflage pigment by weight, and a layer of basalt fibers coated with the camouflage pigment is paved on the surface of the mixed paint.

Furthermore, the vegetation layer matrix is a plant fiber felt, and vegetation with different shapes and colors is selected according to requirements.

The preparation method of the multi-spectrum composite camouflage material provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

coating a waterproof lining material on one surface of the lining base body close to a target, adhering the infrared reflecting layer on the lining base body, coating a transition layer material on the infrared reflecting layer, coating a wave-absorbing layer material on the transition layer, and adhering the outer base body on the wave-absorbing layer;

then coating the waterproof outer layer on the surface of the outer layer substrate, adhering the heat-insulating layer on the waterproof outer layer, coating the mixed coating on the heat-insulating layer, and finally spreading the basalt fibers coated with the camouflage pigment; or the vegetation cultivated by the soilless culture technology is paved on the outer-layer substrate and fixed by the rope net to prepare the multi-spectrum composite camouflage material.

The invention adopts reasonable matching and structural combination of various materials, can effectively simulate certain external appearance characteristics of a specific target, can meet the requirement of effective attenuation of radar waves, infrared rays and the like, can form diffuse reflection similar to the environment, and divides the materials into various functional layers: the infrared camouflage system comprises a wave absorbing layer, an infrared reflecting layer, a diffuse reflecting layer (camouflage layer) and the like, wherein the wave absorbing layer is used for attenuating radar waves, the diffuse reflecting layer is used for achieving approximate diffuse reflection of the radar waves and visible light, and the infrared reflecting layer is used for achieving camouflage of infrared bands, so that real-time performance and high efficiency of camouflage are better met. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the camouflage material can realize the camouflage effect of visible light, infrared and radar multi-band compatibility.

(2) According to the camouflage material, the vegetation layer can be used for cultivating vegetation with different shapes and colors according to actual needs, the vegetation layer is fixed by the rope, the replacement is convenient and quick, and the camouflage requirement of a target in various application scenes for a long time can be effectively met.

(3) The color of the camouflage pigment can be regulated and controlled, and the camouflage pigment can meet the camouflage requirements in various application scenes.

(4) The camouflage material has good waterproofness and weather resistance, and is particularly suitable for field operation.

(5) The camouflage material disclosed by the invention is light in weight, convenient to transport, carry and construct, convenient to be matched with other camouflage materials for use, and capable of better realizing real-time and efficient camouflage in a battlefield environment.

(6) The camouflage material prepared by the method has the advantages of wide raw material source, simple manufacturing process and low price, and can realize large-area camouflage in a short time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a soft portable multi-spectral band composite camouflage material according to embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a radar wave reflectivity curve of the soft portable multi-spectral band composite camouflage material prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a visible light photograph of the soft portable multispectral composite camouflage material prepared in example 1 of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-spectral composite vegetation camouflage material of embodiment 2 of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a visible light photograph of the multi-spectral composite vegetation camouflage material prepared in example 2 of the invention.

Wherein: 1. a waterproof inner layer; 2. an inner substrate; 3. an infrared reflecting layer; 4. a transition layer; 5. a wave-absorbing layer; 6. an outer matrix; 7. a waterproof outer layer; 8. a thermal insulation layer; 9. a camouflage layer; 10. and (4) a vegetation layer.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

Referring to fig. 1, the soft portable multi-spectral-band composite camouflage material of the first embodiment of the invention comprises a waterproof inner layer 1, an inner layer substrate 2, an infrared reflection layer 3, a transition layer 4, a wave-absorbing layer 5, an outer layer substrate 6, a waterproof outer layer 7, a heat-insulating layer 8 and a camouflage layer 9 which are arranged in sequence from inside to outside.

The waterproof inner layer 1 is mainly waterproof and crack-resistant. Acrylic waterproof paint, fish bead glue and camouflage pigment are preferably selected, and the acrylic waterproof paint comprises 64-70% by weight, 25-30% by weight and 4-6% by weight of camouflage pigment. The camouflage pigment mainly comprises optical camouflage pigment, thermal infrared camouflage pigment, radar camouflage pigment and the like. The camouflage paint is mainly used for camouflage of targets with different complicated working condition backgrounds such as vegetation, rocks, soil and the like. The camouflage pigment can adopt common inorganic pigments and the like on the market, and pigments with similar colors can be selected or prepared according to specific environmental backgrounds.

The lining base body 2 mainly functions as a carrier. Preferably, the color stripe cloth has the radial strength of more than or equal to 2100N/5cm, the weft strength of more than or equal to 1600N/5cm and the water pressure resistance value of more than or equal to 2000mm water column.

The infrared reflecting layer 3 has high infrared reflectivity and is used for infrared camouflage. Aluminum foil with a thickness of 0.012mm-0.016mm is preferred.

The transition layer 4 is preferably a mixture of ferrite powder, fine graphite powder, fish bead glue and camouflage pigment, and the components comprise, by weight, 16% -30% of ferrite powder, 8% -15% of fine graphite powder, 50% -70% of fish bead glue and 4% -8% of camouflage pigment. The graphite fine powder is graphite powder with carbon content more than or equal to 95 percent. Ferrite powder and graphite fine powder are mixed according to a certain proportion to form the wave absorbing agent. The transition layer 4 plays a transition role between the infrared reflecting layer 3 and the wave absorbing layer 5. Due to the actual camouflage requirement, the gradient distribution of the wave absorbing effect of each functional layer is realized through the transition layer, a better camouflage effect is realized, meanwhile, the transition layer can distinguish each main functional layer of the camouflage structure, and the camouflage effect can be optimized through test testing in the actual application.

The wave absorbing layer 5 is preferably a mixture of ferrite powder, graphite fine powder and epoxy adhesive, and the components comprise, by weight, 24% -32% of ferrite powder, 12% -16% of graphite fine powder and 52% -64% of epoxy adhesive. The ferrite powder and the graphite fine powder play a role of a wave absorbing agent. Epoxy adhesives have good room temperature curing properties. The wave absorbing layer 5 absorbs radar waves, reduces radar echoes and is used for radar camouflage.

The outer substrate 6 mainly functions as a carrier. Preferably, the color stripe cloth has the radial strength of more than or equal to 2100N/5cm, the weft strength of more than or equal to 1600N/5cm and the water pressure resistance value of more than or equal to 2000mm water column.

The waterproof outer layer 7 is mainly waterproof and heat-insulating. Acrylic waterproof paint, fish bead glue and camouflage pigment are preferably selected, and the acrylic waterproof paint comprises 64-70% by weight, 25-30% by weight and 4-6% by weight of camouflage pigment.

The heat insulation layer 8 mainly plays a role of heat insulation and is used for infrared camouflage. High density polyethylene films with a thickness of 0.02-0.08mm are preferred. Two layers are arranged at intervals for infrared camouflage materials: the infrared reflecting layer 3 and the heat insulating layer 8, so that the infrared radiation can be greatly reduced.

The camouflage layer 9 is preferably a mixture of ferrite powder, fine graphite powder, fish bead glue, camouflage pigment and basalt fiber, the mixed coating (not containing basalt fiber) comprises 16-30% by weight of ferrite powder, 8-15% by weight of fine graphite powder, 50-70% by weight of fish bead glue and 4-8% by weight of camouflage pigment, the basalt fiber coated with camouflage pigment is uniformly spread on the surface of the mixed coating, and the surface density is 180g/mm²Within the range, the high-strength anti-cracking basalt fiber with the length specification of 6mm-12mm is preferred. The mixed paint plays the role of camouflage pigment and bonding basalt fiber, and the basalt fiber plays the role of wave absorption and camouflage color camouflageThe application is as follows. The camouflage layer 9 mainly functions to absorb and scatter electromagnetic waves for optical camouflage.

The preparation method of the soft portable multi-spectral-band composite camouflage material comprises the following steps:

(1) uniformly brushing acrylic waterproof paint added with fish gelatin and camouflage pigment on one surface of the lining substrate 2 close to the target to serve as a waterproof lining 1, wherein the thickness of the waterproof lining 1 is within 1-3 mm;

(2) placing the aluminum foil with high infrared ray reflection capability with luster facing the barrier shielding target, and adhering the aluminum foil on the inner layer substrate 2 by using fish bead glue;

(3) uniformly mixing ferrite powder, graphite fine powder, fish bead glue and camouflage pigment, and coating the mixture on an aluminum foil to be used as a transition layer 4, wherein the thickness of the transition layer is within 1-3 mm;

(4) uniformly coating a mixture of ferrite powder, fine graphite powder and epoxy adhesive on the transition layer 4 to serve as a wave absorbing layer 5, wherein the thickness of the wave absorbing layer is 2-5 mm;

(5) when the wave-absorbing layer 5 is semi-dry, the outer-layer matrix 6 is bonded on the wave-absorbing layer;

(6) uniformly brushing acrylic waterproof paint added with fish gelatin and camouflage pigment on the surface of the outer-layer substrate 6 to serve as a waterproof outer layer 7, wherein the thickness of the waterproof outer layer 7 is within 1-3 mm;

(7) when the waterproof outer layer 7 is half-dried, the high-density polyethylene film is bonded on the waterproof outer layer to be used as a heat insulation layer 8;

(8) uniformly mixing ferrite powder, graphite fine powder, fish bead glue and camouflage pigment, coating the mixture on a heat insulation layer 8 with the thickness within 1-3mm, and immediately spreading basalt fibers coated with the camouflage pigment to form a camouflage layer 9.

Referring to fig. 4, the multiband composite vegetation camouflage material according to the second embodiment of the invention comprises a waterproof inner layer 1, an inner layer substrate 2, an infrared reflection layer 3, a transition layer 4, a wave absorption layer 5, an outer layer substrate 6 and a vegetation layer 10 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.

The waterproof inner layer 1, the inner layer matrix 2, the infrared reflection layer 3, the transition layer 4, the wave-absorbing layer 5 and the outer layer matrix 6 are the same as those of the first embodiment.

The vegetation layer 10 mainly has the functions of absorbing and scattering electromagnetic waves and insulating heat, and is used for camouflage such as optics, infrared rays and the like. The vegetation is preferably cultivated by a soilless culture technology, the breeding substrate is a plant fiber felt which is produced by taking natural plant fibers as raw materials through scientific treatment such as high-temperature sterilization and the like, belongs to a pure natural plant fiber product, is natural, environment-friendly, sterile, insect-proof and can be moved freely. During preparation, the vegetable layer 10 cultivated by the soilless culture technology is laid on the outer-layer matrix 6 and fixed through the rope net.