阅读说明：本技术 一种无人机飞行器的挂载平台、采样装置及其控制方法 (Mounting platform of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, sampling device and control method of sampling device ) 是由 李峥 于 2020-07-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种采样装置,包括：挂设于无人机飞行器的挂载平台,挂载平台包括：设置于无人机飞行器的底部边缘的多个第一挂钩、快拆板、和设置于快拆板的底面中心的连接机构,快拆板的边缘具有与第一挂钩对应的凸缘,每个凸缘挂设至对应的一个第一挂钩,连接机构具有与无人机飞行器电连接的第一电触点；壳体,其顶面具有固定座,固定座与连接机构可拆卸地连接,固定座进一步包括与采样装置电连接的第二电触点,固定座与快拆板连接在一起时,第一电触点和第二电触点位置对应并接触,以在采样装置和无人机飞行器之间建立电连接。本发明通过挂载平台使得无人机飞行器能够挂载更多种装置,并且将机械连接结构和电连接结构相结合,能够简化拆装步骤。(The present invention provides a sampling device comprising: hang the mount platform of locating unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, mount platform includes: the connecting mechanism is arranged at the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, and comprises a plurality of first hooks, a quick-release plate and a connecting mechanism, wherein the first hooks are arranged at the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, the connecting mechanism is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the quick-release plate, the edge of the quick-release plate is provided with a flange corresponding to the first hook, each flange is hung to a corresponding first hook, and the connecting mechanism is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected with the unmanned aerial; the casing, its top surface has the fixing base, and the fixing base is connected with coupling mechanism detachably, and the fixing base further includes the second electrical contact who is connected with the sampling device electricity, and when the fixing base was connected together with the quick detach board, first electrical contact and second electrical contact position corresponded and contacted to establish the electricity and connect between sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft. According to the invention, the unmanned aerial vehicle can mount more devices through the mounting platform, and the mechanical connection structure and the electric connection structure are combined, so that the dismounting steps can be simplified.)

1. A mounting platform for an unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft (1), comprising:

a plurality of first hooks (101), the plurality of first hooks (101) being disposed at a bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1);

the quick release plate (20), the edge of the quick release plate (20) is provided with flanges (21) corresponding to the first hooks (101), and each flange (21) is hung on a corresponding first hook (101);

the first connecting mechanism is arranged in the middle of the quick-release plate (20) and is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle (1).

2. Mounting platform according to claim 1, characterized in that each flange (21) is further mounted to the first hook (101) by means of a damping mechanism (22), the damping mechanism (22) being located below the flange (21), each damping mechanism (22) having an elastic displacement relative to the first hook (101) in a direction perpendicular to the flange (21).

3. Mounting platform according to claim 1, characterized in that the first plurality of hooks (101) are distributed symmetrically about the centre of the quick release plate (20) at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1).

4. A sampling device mounted on the mounting platform of any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:

the sampling device comprises a shell (10), wherein a fixed seat (11) is arranged on the top surface of the shell (10), the fixed seat (11) is detachably connected with a first connecting mechanism, the fixed seat (11) further comprises a second electric contact, and when the fixed seat (11) is connected with a quick-release plate (20), the first electric contact and the second electric contact correspond to each other in position and contact with each other so as to establish electric connection between the sampling device and the unmanned aerial vehicle (1).

5. The sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the top surface of the housing (10) further comprises a second connection mechanism (12), the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1) further comprises a second hook (102), the second connection mechanism (12) being detachably hung on the second hook (102);

the fixed seat (11) and the second connecting mechanism (12) are respectively positioned on two sides of the gravity center position of the sampling device in the length direction or the width direction of the shell (10).

6. The sampling device according to claim 4, wherein the first connection mechanism is a first dovetail slide (22),

the top of the fixed seat (11) is provided with a first inclined plane boss (111) which extends outwards horizontally, and the first inclined plane boss (111) can be inserted into and clamped in the first dovetail groove slide rail (22) to limit the shell (10) in the vertical direction.

7. The sampling device of claim 4, comprising:

a driving motor (30), wherein the driving motor (30) is arranged in the shell (10) and is used for driving a winding wheel (31) to rotate in two directions, and a driving wire (32) is wound on the circumference of the winding wheel (31);

the bottom surface of the shell (10) is provided with a through hole (13) for the guide assembly (40) to penetrate through, the top of the guide assembly (40) is fixedly connected with one end of the driving wire (32), the bottom of the guide assembly (40) is fixedly connected with a sampling mechanism (50) positioned outside the shell (10), and the guide assembly (40) is driven by the driving wire (32) to extend out of the through hole (13) or enter the shell (10) so as to drive the sampling mechanism (50) to descend or ascend along the vertical direction;

a severing mechanism (60), the severing mechanism (50) being disposed within the housing (10) and between the drive motor (30) and the guide assembly (40), the severing mechanism (60) severing the drive wire (32) connected between the drive motor (30) and the guide assembly (40) under control of the controller to separate the guide assembly (40) and sampling mechanism (50) together from the housing (10).

8. The sampling device according to claim 7, characterized in that said guide assembly (40) comprises:

a fixed pulley (41), the fixed pulley (41) being located within the housing (10) at the centre of gravity of the sampling device, the drive wire (32) being wound from the take-up wheel (31) to the fixed pulley (41);

the guide block (42), the said drive line (32) is connected with top of the said guide block (42), the said guide block (42) and the said reel (31) are located at both sides of the said fixed pulley (41) separately; the guide block (42) penetrates through the through hole (13);

the sampling mechanism quick-release plate (43) is fixed at the bottom of the guide block (42), and a second dovetail groove slide rail (431) is arranged on the bottom surface of the sampling mechanism quick-release plate (43);

the top surface of the sampling mechanism (50) is provided with a second bevel boss (501) matched with the second dovetail groove slide rail (431), and the second bevel boss (501) can be inserted into and clamped in the second dovetail groove slide rail (431) to limit the sampling mechanism (50) in the vertical direction.

9. A sampling device, comprising:

a mounting platform, the mounting platform comprising: the quick release mechanism comprises a plurality of first hooks (101) arranged at the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1), a quick release plate (20) and a first connecting mechanism arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the quick release plate (20), wherein flanges (21) corresponding to the first hooks (101) are arranged at the edge of the quick release plate (20), each flange (21) is hung to one corresponding first hook (101), and the first connecting mechanism is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle (1);

the top surface of the shell (10) is provided with a fixed seat (11), the fixed seat (11) is detachably connected with the connecting mechanism, the fixed seat (11) further comprises a second electric contact electrically connected with the sampling device, and when the fixed seat (11) is connected with the quick-release plate (20), the first electric contact and the second electric contact correspond to each other in position and contact with each other so as to establish electric connection between the sampling device and the unmanned aerial vehicle (1);

a driving motor (30), wherein the driving motor (30) is arranged in the shell (10) and is used for driving a winding wheel (31) to rotate in two directions, and a driving wire (32) is wound on the circumference of the winding wheel (31);

the bottom surface of the shell (10) is provided with a through hole (13) for the guide assembly (40) to penetrate through, the top of the guide assembly (40) is fixedly connected with one end of the driving wire (32), the bottom of the guide assembly (40) is fixedly connected with a sampling mechanism (50) positioned outside the shell (10), and the guide assembly (40) is driven by the driving wire (32) to extend out of the through hole (13) or enter the shell (10) so as to drive the sampling mechanism (50) to descend or ascend along the vertical direction;

a cutting mechanism (60), the cutting mechanism (60) being disposed within the housing (10) and located between the drive motor (30) and the guide assembly (40), the cutting mechanism (60) cutting the drive wire (32) connected between the drive motor (30) and the guide assembly (40) under the control of the controller to separate the guide assembly (40) and the sampling mechanism (50) together from the housing (10);

an image acquisition device fixed to the housing (10).

10. A control method for a sampling device of an unmanned aerial vehicle (1),

the sampling device of claim 9;

the control method comprises the following steps:

the controller automatically controls the cutting mechanism (50) according to a battery remaining amount signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1), and when the battery remaining amount is smaller than a first threshold value, the controller starts the cutting mechanism (50) to cut off the driving wire (32);

the controller starts a manual cutting process according to the working current of the unmanned aerial vehicle (1), when the working current is larger than a current limiting threshold value, the controller outputs an abnormal alarm signal to prompt a user, the user inputs a manual cutting signal according to an image signal acquired by the image acquisition device, and the controller starts the cutting mechanism (50) to cut off the driving wire (32) according to the manual cutting signal.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft equipment, in particular to a mounting platform for an unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, a sampling device for the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft and a control method of the sampling device.

Background

In recent years, because the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft is easily deployed, but have the characteristics of non-contact operation, can carry multiple different grade type equipment, the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft is applied to fields such as nature data acquisition, sample collection more and more in a large number. The unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft can carry an image acquisition device such as a camera, and can also carry a sample acquisition device such as a water collector, and is particularly suitable for the conditions of complex environment and severe conditions, or the conditions of a wide sampling area.

However, in the existing unmanned aerial vehicle, the sampling device mostly adopts the binding type or the mode of direct connection to be fixed with the aircraft, then the device that the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft can carry receives the restriction of the fixed interface that the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft itself provided, and sampling device can't with aircraft quick assembly disassembly, the scene that leads to the aircraft can use from this is restricted by the sampling device, leads to the utilization ratio of aircraft not high.

Moreover, sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft's being connected includes mechanical connection and two parts of electricity connection, even mechanical connection has adopted quick assembly disassembly's mode, because electric connection structure's quick detach structure's disappearance under the abnormal conditions that appear, can not only realize the protection to the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft through mechanical structure's quick dismantlement to lead to great economic loss.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a mounting platform and a sampling device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle can mount more types of devices through the mounting platform, and the mechanical connection structure and the electric connection structure are combined, so that the dismounting steps can be simplified.

In one embodiment there is provided a mounting platform for a drone aircraft, comprising:

a plurality of first hooks disposed at a bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the edge of the quick-release plate is provided with a flange corresponding to the first hook, and each flange is hung on the corresponding first hook;

the first connecting mechanism is arranged in the center of the bottom surface of the quick-release plate and is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, each of the flanges is further hung to the first hanger by a damper mechanism located below the flange, each damper mechanism having an elastic displacement amount relative to the first hanger in a direction perpendicular to the flange.

In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of first hooks are symmetrically distributed about the center of the quick release plate at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a sampling device hung at the bottom of an unmanned aerial vehicle, including:

the mounting platform as described above;

the top surface of the shell is provided with a fixed seat, the fixed seat is detachably connected with the first connecting mechanism, the fixed seat further comprises a second electric contact electrically connected with the sampling device, and when the fixed seat is connected with the quick-release plate, the first electric contact and the second electric contact are in corresponding positions and are in contact, so that the sampling device is electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment, the top surface of the housing further comprises a second connecting mechanism, the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle further comprises a second hook, and the second connecting mechanism is detachably hung on the second hook;

the fixing seat and the second connecting mechanism are respectively positioned on two sides of the gravity center position of the sampling device in the length direction or the width direction of the shell.

In a preferred embodiment, the first connecting mechanism is a first dovetail groove slide rail,

the top of the fixed seat is provided with a first inclined plane boss which extends outwards horizontally, and the first inclined plane boss can extend into and be clamped in the first dovetail groove slide rail so as to limit the shell in the vertical direction.

In a preferred embodiment, comprising:

the driving motor is arranged in the shell and used for driving the bidirectional rotation of the winding wheel, and a driving wire is wound on the circumference of the winding wheel;

the bottom surface of the shell is provided with a through hole for the guide assembly to penetrate through, the top of the guide assembly is fixedly connected with one end of the driving wire, the bottom of the guide assembly is fixedly connected with a sampling mechanism positioned outside the shell, and the guide assembly is driven by the driving wire to extend out of the through hole or enter the shell so as to drive the sampling mechanism to descend or ascend along the vertical direction;

a shut-off mechanism disposed within the housing and between the drive motor and the guide assembly, the shut-off mechanism under control of the controller shutting off a drive line connected between the drive motor and the guide assembly to separate the guide assembly and sampling mechanism together from the housing.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide assembly comprises:

a fixed pulley positioned within the housing at a center of gravity of the sampling device, the drive wire being wound from the take-up wheel to the fixed pulley;

the driving wire is connected with the top of the guide block, and the guide block and the winding wheel are respectively positioned on two sides of the fixed pulley; the guide block penetrates through the through hole;

the sampling mechanism quick-release plate is fixed at the bottom of the guide block, and a second dovetail groove slide rail is arranged on the bottom surface of the sampling mechanism quick-release plate;

the top surface of the sampling mechanism is provided with a second inclined plane boss matched with the second dovetail groove slide rail, and the second inclined plane boss can extend into and be clamped in the second dovetail groove slide rail so as to limit the sampling mechanism in the vertical direction.

Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a sampling apparatus, including:

a mounting platform, the mounting platform comprising: the device comprises a plurality of first hooks, a quick release plate and a first connecting mechanism, wherein the first hooks are arranged on the edge of the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the first connecting mechanism is arranged in the center of the bottom surface of the quick release plate, flanges corresponding to the first hooks are arranged on the edge of the quick release plate, each flange is hung to a corresponding first hook, and the first connecting mechanism is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the top surface of the shell is provided with a fixed seat, the fixed seat is detachably connected with the connecting mechanism, the fixed seat further comprises a second electric contact electrically connected with the sampling device, and when the fixed seat is connected with the quick-release plate, the first electric contact and the second electric contact are correspondingly positioned and contacted so as to establish electrical connection between the sampling device and the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the driving motor is arranged in the shell and used for driving the bidirectional rotation of the winding wheel, and a driving wire is wound on the circumference of the winding wheel;

the bottom surface of the shell is provided with a through hole for the guide assembly to penetrate through, the top of the guide assembly is fixedly connected with one end of the driving wire, the bottom of the guide assembly is fixedly connected with a sampling mechanism positioned outside the shell, and the guide assembly is driven by the driving wire to extend out of the through hole or enter the shell so as to drive the sampling mechanism to descend or ascend along the vertical direction;

a cutting mechanism disposed within the housing and between the drive motor and the guide assembly, the cutting mechanism cutting off a drive wire connected between the drive motor and the guide assembly under control of the controller to separate the guide assembly and sampling mechanism together from the housing;

an image capture device secured to the housing.

Another embodiment of the invention also provides a control method for a sampling device of an unmanned aerial vehicle, the sampling device as described above;

the control method comprises the following steps:

the controller automatically controls the cutting mechanism according to a battery remaining amount signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and when the battery remaining amount is smaller than a first threshold value, the controller starts the cutting mechanism to cut off the driving wire;

the controller starts a manual cut-off process according to the working current of the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, when the working current is larger than a current-limiting threshold value, the controller outputs an abnormal alarm signal to prompt a user, the user inputs a manual cut-off signal according to the image signal collected by the image collecting device, and the controller starts the cut-off mechanism to cut off the driving wire according to the manual cut-off signal.

Known from above technical scheme, in this embodiment, the mount is not directly fixed to the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, but uses the mount platform as the medium, and the mount platform mounts to the bottom of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, and the mount such as camera or sampling device then is connected to the coupling mechanism of mount platform. Because the mode of establishing is hung in the adoption of being connected of carry platform and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, easy operation not only, dismouting is convenient fast moreover, can realize the quick assembly disassembly of carry and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can realize the change of carry fast to same unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft to make unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft can be applicable to more application scenes. Further, because the connection structure with the mount sets up on the mount platform, consequently to the requirement greatly reduced that needs are connected to the connection interface of the mount of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can need not to match the connection interface of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft. And, because the mounting platform has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the mounting platform with the connecting mechanisms with different interface shapes can be provided for matching with more types of mounting devices.

Further, the mount platform in this embodiment sets up the first electric contact of being connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft electricity simultaneously on coupling mechanism, when the mount passes through coupling mechanism and mount platform mechanical connection, can realize being connected with the electric of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft through the pairing connection of electric contact simultaneously. Through like this, mount and the mechanical connection and the electricity of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft are connected and can only once accomplish through mount and the mechanical connection of mounting platform. Correspondingly, the mounting is separated from the unmanned aerial vehicle at one time through mechanical separation of the mounting from the mounting platform or mechanical separation of the mounting platform from the unmanned aerial vehicle. Therefore, the mounting steps of mounting are simplified, the mounting and the rapid separation of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized, and under the abnormal operation condition, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be kept through the rapid separation mounting, so that the economic loss of the abnormal operation condition is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the sampling device adopts a structural scheme of double-mounting-point bearing, on one hand, a mounting platform can independently support other mounting equipment to be fixed, so that the maximum utilization of a flight platform is realized, and the quick-release plate is provided with a damping mechanism, so that vibration from the flight platform to a certain degree can be absorbed, and a clearer and more stable image can be obtained during mounting of videos; on the other hand, the gravity center of the equipment can be stabilized by flexibly adjusting the relative positions of the two hanging points, the relative level of the equipment can be kept to the maximum extent, and the overturning of the equipment caused by the change of the load weight before and after the sampling by the sampling device is avoided. Simultaneously, the holistic relative stillness of furthest's stable sampling device can effectively reduce its influence of rocking to unmanned aerial vehicle flight attitude, more is favorable to unmanned aerial vehicle safety, stable execution sampling task.

In a preferred embodiment, driving motor, direction subassembly and sampling mechanism are used for accomplishing the sample collection action, and in order to guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle's safety to the at utmost under the condition that sampling mechanism can cause the influence to unmanned aerial vehicle's normal flight, this embodiment further provides shutdown mechanism, in order to be used for under abnormal conditions, automatically or start shutdown mechanism through the user manually through the controller and cut off the drive wire, so that direction subassembly and sampling mechanism break away from the casing of sampling device under the effect of gravity, thereby realize the separation with unmanned aerial vehicle, guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle's safe flight, reduce economic loss.

In a preferred embodiment, a control method of the sampling device is provided, the sampling device and the shell are controlled to be quickly separated in a mode of combining automatic control and manual control, safe flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be guaranteed to the maximum extent under abnormal conditions, and misoperation can be prevented in a mode of manually judging image content, so that economic loss is reduced to the maximum extent.

Drawings

The following drawings are only schematic illustrations and explanations of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a bottom view of the mounting platform for a drone aircraft of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the mounting platform for unmanned aerial vehicles according to the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the sampling device for unmanned aerial vehicles of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of the embodiment shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the embodiment shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the sampling device for unmanned aerial vehicles of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the position of the center of gravity of the second embodiment shown in fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the sampling device for unmanned aerial vehicles of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment shown in fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a flow chart of the operation of the sampling device shown in fig. 8.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout.

"exemplary" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" herein, and any illustration, embodiment, or steps described as "exemplary" herein should not be construed as a preferred or advantageous alternative.

For the sake of simplicity, the drawings are only schematic representations of the parts relevant to the invention, and do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled.

In this document, "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positional relationships between relevant portions, and do not limit absolute positions of the relevant portions.

In this document, "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing one from another, and do not indicate the degree and order of importance, the premise that each other exists, and the like.

In this context, "equal", "same", etc. are not strictly mathematical and/or geometric limitations, but also include tolerances as would be understood by a person skilled in the art and allowed for manufacturing or use, etc. Unless otherwise indicated, numerical ranges herein include not only the entire range within its two endpoints, but also several sub-ranges subsumed therein.

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a mounting platform and a sampling device for an unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle can mount more types of devices through the mounting platform, and the mechanical connection structure and the electric connection structure are combined, so that the dismounting steps can be simplified. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, one embodiment of the present invention provides a mounting platform for a drone aircraft 1, comprising:

a plurality of first hooks 101, the plurality of first hooks 101 being arranged at the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1;

the quick-release plate 20 is provided with flanges 21 corresponding to the first hooks 101 at the edge of the quick-release plate 20, and each flange 21 is hung on one corresponding first hook 101;

the first connecting mechanism is arranged in the center of the bottom surface of the quick-release plate 20 and is provided with a first electric contact electrically connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle 1.

In this context, since both the mounting platform and the sampling device are applicable to the drone aircraft, the coordinate system is with the drone aircraft as a reference. However, the unmanned aerial vehicle does not always maintain a horizontal direction in the flight process, and there may be a situation of tilting or even turning, and therefore, the relative position with the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for description herein. For example, with respect to the description of "top" and "top surface", the top of the drone aircraft generally refers to the side of the drone aircraft on which the rotor thereof is located when the drone aircraft is kept in horizontal flight, while the side facing away from the rotor is the "bottom" thereof, and typically, the camera or the sampling device, etc., is mounted on the bottom of the drone aircraft.

Accordingly, for a mounting platform or sampling device herein, the top or top surface is the side thereof adjacent to or facing the drone aircraft, while the bottom or bottom surface is the side thereof remote from or facing away from the drone aircraft. This is consistent with the description of the top or bottom in the direction of gravity when the aircraft is flying in a horizontal direction.

In this embodiment, the mount is not directly fixed to the drone aircraft 1, but rather is mediated by a mount platform mounted to the bottom of the drone aircraft 1, while the mount, e.g., a camera or a sampling device, is connected to the first connection mechanism of the mount platform. Because the mode of establishing is hung in the adoption of being connected of carry platform and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, easy operation not only, dismouting is convenient fast moreover, can realize the quick assembly disassembly of carry and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can realize the change of carry fast to same unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft to make unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft can be applicable to more application scenes. Further, because the connection structure with the mount sets up on the mount platform, consequently to the requirement greatly reduced that needs are connected to the connection interface of the mount of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can need not to match the connection interface of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft. And, because the mounting platform has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the mounting platform with the connecting mechanisms with different interface shapes can be provided for matching with more types of mounting devices.

Further, the mount platform in this embodiment sets up the first electric contact of being connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft electricity simultaneously on first coupling mechanism, when the mount passes through first coupling mechanism and mount platform mechanical connection, can realize being connected with the electric of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft through the pairing of electric contact simultaneously. Through like this, mount and the mechanical connection and the electricity of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft are connected and can only once accomplish through mount and the mechanical connection of mounting platform. Correspondingly, the mounting and unmanned aerial vehicle separation is realized at one time through the mechanical separation of the mounting and mounting platform or the mechanical separation of the mounting platform and the unmanned aerial vehicle. Therefore, the mounting steps of mounting are simplified, the mounting and the rapid separation of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized, and under the abnormal operation condition, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be kept through the rapid separation mounting, so that the economic loss of the abnormal operation condition is reduced.

In this embodiment, the first hook 101 is in the form of a U-shaped hook, and then the quick release plate 20 extends above the first hook 101 through the flange 21 extending outward from the periphery of the first hook 101, so that the first hook 101 and the flange 21 form interference, thereby limiting the relative position between the quick release plate 20 and the unmanned aerial vehicle in the vertical direction (gravity direction), and the relative position between the quick release plate 20 and the unmanned aerial vehicle in the horizontal direction can be limited in the form of a combination of a plurality of first hooks 101, thereby realizing quick release fixing of the quick release plate 20. It is understood that the first hook 101 is not limited to the form of the U-shaped hook, and the connection structure that forms the limit relation in the vertical direction between the quick release plate 20 and the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 can be applied to the mounting platform of the embodiment.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each flange 21 is further hung to the first hook 101 by a damper mechanism 22, wherein the damper mechanism 22 supports the flange 21 from below the flange 21, and each damper mechanism 22 has an elastic displacement amount with respect to the first hook 101 in a direction perpendicular to the flange 21 to elastically support each flange 21 to the corresponding first hook 101.

Here, as shown in fig. 2, the damping mechanism 22 may take the form of, for example, a damping ball, and accordingly, the bottom surface of the flange 21 and the top surface of the corresponding position of the first hook 101 have an arc-shaped groove for accommodating at least a part of a spherical surface of the damping ball, and an elastic member such as a spring or the like for generating an elastic deformation amount is provided in the arc-shaped groove so as to allow the damping ball to have an elastic displacement amount in a direction perpendicular to the flange. This elasticity displacement volume can make the rigid connection between quick detach board 20 and the first couple 101 turn into elastic connection to for hanging the carry that locates the carry platform provides steady support, and for forming the buffering to the carry when carrying for example because go out water or receive the circumstances of foreign matter tractive and produce the ascending acceleration of vertical side, thereby avoid too big acceleration to disturb the normal flight of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of first hooks 101 are symmetrically distributed on the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 about the center of the quick release plate 20. In this embodiment, first couple 101 is installed in the periphery of the bottom surface of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1, and the weight of not only can equipartition mount platform and mount like this to keep the smooth flight of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can not occupy the space of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft bottom surface moreover, thereby improve the space utilization of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft bottom to the bigger degree.

In order to evenly support the weight of the mounting platform and the mounting, the first hooks 101 are symmetrically arranged in pairs, wherein the first hooks 101 are distributed on the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, but the first hooks 101 are symmetrically distributed about the center of the quick release plate 20. The symmetrical distribution may be axisymmetric or centrosymmetric, wherein the axis of the axisymmetric pattern is an axis passing through the center of the quick release plate 20, typically a central axis along the width or length direction of the quick release plate. The number of the first hooks can be selected according to actual needs, and although four first hooks are shown in the figure, the number of the first hooks can be increased or decreased, for example, two or six. Similarly, although the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle is shown to be rectangular, and the quick release plate 20 is also rectangular, the present embodiment is not limited to this shape, the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle may be any shape, and the shape of the quick release plate may correspond to the shape of the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle, or may be different from the shape of the bottom surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

In this document, the mounting platform or the mounting thereon has no limited requirements on the structure, interface type, number of rotors, shape of the bottom surface, etc. of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so the selection of the model and structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle does not have any influence on the embodiments herein, although the structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle is exemplarily illustrated in the drawings, it is not a limitation on the application scenario of the embodiments herein, and the mounting platform of the present embodiment is applicable to any model of unmanned aerial vehicle, and only needs to select the fixing position of the first hook according to the application scenario.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the sampling device of the present invention for use with the mounting platform shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 3, the sampling apparatus of the present embodiment includes:

casing 10, casing 10's top surface has fixing base 11, and fixing base 11 is connected with first coupling mechanism detachably, and fixing base 11 further includes the second electrical contact, and when fixing base 11 was connected together with quick detach board 20, first electrical contact and second electrical contact position corresponded and contact to establish the electricity between sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1 and be connected.

In this embodiment, the sampling device sets up the fixing base 11 that is connected with the mounting platform shown in fig. 1 at the top surface of casing 10 to realize the mounting with the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft through the mechanical connection with the mounting platform. Further, the fixing base 11 provides a mechanical connection function with the mounting platform, and further has a second electrical contact paired with the first electrical contact of the mounting platform, the second electrical contact serves as an electrical connection interface of the sampling device (e.g., a driving motor, a steering engine, etc.), and the electrical connection may include a circuit connection and a signal connection, so that, while the mechanical connection between the fixing base and the first connection mechanism of the mounting platform is realized, the paired contact of the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact may establish an electrical connection path between the sampling device and the unmanned aerial vehicle, so as to realize control of the sampling action of the sampling device through the unmanned aerial vehicle, for example, opening, closing, water sampling adjustment, etc. of the image acquisition device, or descending, lifting, etc. actions of the sampling device.

In this embodiment, sampling device is not directly fixed to unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1, but uses the mount platform as the medium, and the mount platform mounts to the bottom of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1, and sampling device then is connected to the first coupling mechanism of mount platform. Because the mode of establishing is hung in the adoption of being connected of carry platform and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, easy operation not only, dismouting is convenient fast moreover, can realize the quick assembly disassembly of sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can realize sampling device's change fast to same unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft to make unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft can be applicable to more application scenes. Further, because the connection structure with sampling device sets up on the mount platform, consequently to the requirement greatly reduced that needs are connected to the connection interface of the sampling device of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can need not to match the connection interface of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft.

Further, the sampling device in this embodiment sets up the second electrical contact of being connected with the sampling device electricity simultaneously on the fixing base of being connected with the mount platform, and this second electrical contact pairs the contact with the first electrical contact of being connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft electricity of mount platform to when sampling device passes through first coupling mechanism and mount platform mechanical connection, can realize being connected with the electricity of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft through the pairing connection of electrical contact simultaneously. Through like this, the mechanical connection and the electricity of sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft can only once accomplish through the mechanical connection of sampling device and mounting platform. Correspondingly, the separation of the sampling device from the unmanned aerial vehicle is realized at one time through the mechanical separation of the sampling device from the mounting platform or the mechanical separation of the mounting platform from the unmanned aerial vehicle. Therefore, the installation steps of the sampling device are simplified, the rapid separation of the sampling device and the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized, and under the abnormal operation condition, the preservation of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized through the rapid separation sampling device, so that the economic loss of the abnormal operation condition is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment as shown in fig. 4, in combination with fig. 9, the first connecting mechanism on the quick release plate 20 is a first dovetail groove slide rail 22, the top of the fixing base 11 has a first slope protrusion 111 extending horizontally outwards, and the first slope protrusion 111 can extend into and be held in the first dovetail groove slide rail 22 to limit the housing 10 in the vertical direction.

The limiting matching of the dovetail groove slide rail and the inclined plane boss is a common limiting structure, the fixing process only comprises two steps of aligning the cross sections of the dovetail groove slide rail and the inclined plane boss and sliding along the slide rail, complex operations such as pulling a buckle and pressing a button are not needed, the installation is convenient, the connection is stable and firm, and the limiting structure is particularly suitable for a connection mode of realizing electrical connection while mechanical connection in the embodiment. In this embodiment, the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact may be respectively disposed at the corresponding end portions of the dovetail groove sliding rail and the inclined surface boss, so that when the inclined surface boss slides to a position completely overlapped with the dovetail groove sliding rail, the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact may be in contact connection. Optionally, the first electrical contact may also be disposed along the entire length direction on one side of the dovetail slot slide rail facing the bevel boss, and correspondingly, the second electrical contact may be a point contact disposed on one side of the bevel boss facing the dovetail slot slide rail, and may also be disposed along the entire length direction on one side of the bevel boss facing the dovetail slot slide rail, so that the electrical connection between the sampling device and the unmanned aerial vehicle may be achieved when the bevel boss extends into the dovetail slot slide rail.

Optionally, in order to fix the inclined boss and the dovetail groove slide rail in place when the inclined boss slides to a position completely coinciding with the dovetail groove slide rail, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the fixing base 11 may further include a limiting post 14 and a button assembly 15, wherein the limiting post 14 extends along a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the first dovetail groove slide rail 22, the quick release plate 20 has a limiting hole 23 corresponding to the position of the limiting post 14, and the limiting post 14 may extend into the limiting hole 23 under the elastic action of a spring at the bottom thereof to limit the first inclined boss 111 and the first dovetail groove slide rail 22. The limiting column 14 and the limiting hole 23 may be disposed at one end of the first inclined plane boss 111 and one end of the first dovetail groove slide rail 22, and when the first inclined plane boss 111 slides to a position completely overlapped with the first dovetail groove slide rail 22, the limiting column 14 may be aligned with and extend into the limiting hole 23, so as to limit the first inclined plane boss 111 and the first dovetail groove slide rail 22, and to limit the degree of freedom of the sampling device along the extending direction of the first dovetail groove slide rail 22. The button assembly 15 is used to press the spring to disengage the retention post 14 from the retention hole 23, thereby unlocking the retention between the first ramp boss 111 and the first dovetail slot slide 22.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the sampling device using the unmanned aerial vehicle of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the sampling apparatus of the present embodiment includes:

a mounting platform as shown in FIG. 1;

casing 10, casing 10's top surface has fixing base 11, and fixing base 11 is connected with first connecting mechanism detachably, and fixing base 11 further includes the second electrical contact who is connected with the sampling device electricity, and when fixing base 11 is connected together with quick detach board 20, first electrical contact and second electrical contact position correspond and contact to establish the electricity between sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1 and connect.

The top surface of the shell 10 further comprises a second connecting mechanism 12, the bottom edge of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 further comprises a second hook 102, and the second connecting mechanism 12 is detachably hung on the second hook 102;

as shown in fig. 7, the fixing base 11 and the second connecting mechanism 12 are respectively located on two sides of the center of gravity of the sampling device in the length direction or the width direction of the housing 10.

In this embodiment, the connection between the fixing base 11 and the first connecting mechanism of the mounting platform is the first fixing point of the sampling device, and is also the main fixing point, which can provide a stable connection between the housing of the sampling device (including the components therein) and the mounting platform, and even the unmanned aerial vehicle 1. Further, in order to still guarantee sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1's safe flight under the abnormal conditions, second coupling mechanism 12 has further been set up to this embodiment, second coupling mechanism 12 is connected with unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft 1 lug connection again after the first coupling mechanism of fixing base and mounting platform is firm, can enough prevent because the unusual of mounting platform drops or deviates and lead to losing of sampling device, can provide the scheme of two mounting point bearing together with first fixed point again.

By adopting a structural scheme of double-mounting-point bearing, on one hand, the mounting platform can independently support other mounting equipment to be fixed, so that the maximum utilization of the flight platform is realized, and the quick-release plate 20 is provided with a damping mechanism, so that vibration from the flight platform to a certain degree can be absorbed, and a clearer and more stable image can be obtained during mounting of videos; on the other hand, the gravity center of the device can be stabilized by flexibly adjusting the relative positions of the two hanging points, as shown in fig. 7, the fixing seat 11 and the second connecting mechanism 12 are respectively located on two sides of the gravity center position of the sampling device in the length direction or the width direction of the housing 10, the device can be kept relatively horizontal to the maximum extent, and the device does not topple due to the change of the load weight before and after sampling by the sampling device. Simultaneously, the holistic relative stillness of furthest's stable sampling device can effectively reduce its influence of rocking to unmanned aerial vehicle flight attitude, more is favorable to unmanned aerial vehicle safety, stable execution sampling task.

The second attachment mechanism 12 may take the form of a hook and loop, such as shown in fig. 6, to facilitate disassembly. It will be appreciated that the second connecting mechanism 12 may also be a screw, and correspondingly, the second hook 102 may also be a screw hole on the bottom surface of the drone aircraft to be connected with the second connecting mechanism 12.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a third embodiment of the sampling apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment shown in fig. 8. The connection mode between the housing and the mounting platform of the present embodiment may adopt the structure of the embodiment shown in fig. 3 or fig. 6.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the sampling device of the present embodiment includes:

a driving motor 30, the driving motor 30 is arranged in the housing 10 and is used for driving the winding wheel 31 to rotate in two directions, and a driving wire 32 is wound on the circumference of the winding wheel 31;

the bottom surface of the shell 10 is provided with a through hole 13 through which the guide assembly 40 penetrates, the top of the guide assembly 40 is fixedly connected with one end of the driving wire 32, the bottom of the guide assembly 40 is fixedly connected with the sampling mechanism 50 positioned outside the shell 10, and the guide assembly 40 is driven by the driving wire 32 to extend out of the through hole 13 or enter the shell 10 so as to drive the sampling mechanism 50 to descend or ascend along the vertical direction;

a cutting mechanism 60, the cutting mechanism 60 being disposed within the housing 10 and between the driving motor 30 and the guide assembly 40, the cutting mechanism 60 cutting the driving wire 32 connected between the driving motor 30 and the guide assembly 40 under the control of the controller to separate the guide assembly 40 and the sampling mechanism 50 together from the housing 10.

In this embodiment, the actuator of the sampling device includes a drive motor 30 for driving the sampling mechanism and a steering gear 61 for driving the cleaving mechanism 60. The winding wheel 31 is fixed to a rotating shaft of the driving motor 30 to rotate bidirectionally under the driving of the driving motor 30, and the circumference of the winding wheel 31 winds the driving wire 32, thereby realizing the paying off and paying off of the driving wire 32. The end connection of drive wire 32 hangs guide assembly 40 who establishes sampling mechanism 50, the drive wire 32 who is connected with guide assembly 40 remains throughout to extend and the tensioning along vertical direction under guide assembly 40 and the action of gravity of sampling mechanism 50, the unwrapping wire of drive wire 32 can make guide assembly 40 and sampling mechanism 50 keep away from casing 10 along vertical decurrent direction, thereby make sampling mechanism 50 be close to the sample, accomplish the collection, and the tensioning of drive wire 32 can make guide assembly 40 and sampling mechanism 50 be close to casing 10 along vertical ascending direction, with retrieve sampling mechanism after accomplishing sample collection, and carry the sample of collection through unmanned aerial vehicle and return voyage.

The guiding component 40 extends out of or enters the housing 10 from the through hole 13 under the driving of the driving wire 32, and when the driving wire 32 is cut off, the guiding component 40 falls out of the housing 10 from the through hole 13 under the gravity of the sampling mechanism 50, so that the guiding component 40 and the sampling mechanism 50 are separated from the housing 10 together.

The driving motor 30 is fixed to the casing 10 through a motor base, one end of a rotating shaft of the driving motor is fixed with the winding wheel 31, a magnet tray and a magnet 33 are fixed at the other end of the rotating shaft of the driving motor, the magnet tray and the magnet 33 also rotate along with the rotating shaft of the driving motor, a control plate 34 is arranged at a position right opposite to the magnet tray, a magnetic encoder right opposite to the axis position of the magnet tray is arranged on the control plate 34, and a power line of the driving motor 30 is connected with the control plate 34.

When the driving motor 30 works, the motor rotating shaft drives the winding wheel 31, the magnet tray and the magnet 33 to rotate synchronously, the rotation of the magnet can be accompanied by the change of the magnetic field around the magnet, and the magnetic encoder detects the change of the magnetic field so as to realize the accurate control of the rotating speed and the rotating angle of the driving motor 30. In particular, a magnetic encoder is a rotary sensor that converts rotational displacement into a series of digital pulse signals that are used to control the angular displacement of a motor.

The winding wheel 31 is provided with a winding part and a threading part, the thread end of the driving wire 32 is fixed by the threading part and wound on the winding part (circumference), and the other free end of the driving wire 32 is connected with the guiding component.

In this embodiment, driving motor, direction subassembly and sampling mechanism are used for accomplishing the sample and gather the action, and for can lead to the fact the safety of guaranteeing the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft under the condition of influence at the normal flight of sampling mechanism to the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft to the at utmost, this embodiment further provides shutdown mechanism 60, so as to be used for under abnormal conditions, automatically or start shutdown mechanism 60 through the user and cut off drive wire 32 through the controller, so that direction subassembly and sampling mechanism break away from sampling device's casing 10 under the effect of gravity, thereby realize the separation with the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, guarantee the safe flight of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, economic loss is reduced.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the cutting mechanism 60 includes a steering engine 61, a steering engine swing arm 62, and a blade 63 fixed to an end of the steering engine swing arm 62, the steering engine 61 is fixed to the housing 10 through a steering engine bracket, the steering engine swing arm 62 is driven by the steering engine 61 to swing and is arranged between the driving motor and the guiding component, a stroke of the steering engine swing arm 62 can cover the driving wire 32 tensioned between the driving motor and the guiding component, and when the controller starts the steering engine 61 according to a cutting instruction, the steering engine swing arm 62 starts a swing stroke, so that the driving wire 32 is cut off through the blade 63 at the end.

For example, the steering engine swing arm 62 has a first position S1 and a second position S2, at position S1 the drive line 32 is above the blade 63, and at position S2 the drive line 32 is below the blade 63, that is, the drive line 32 is between the two positions. When the sampling device works normally, the blade 63 is in a default position S1, the driving wire 32 is tensioned right above the blade 63 but is not in contact with the blade, when the sampling device gives an abnormal alarm and performs a cutting-off action, the blade 63 is driven by the swing arm 62 of the steering engine to rotate anticlockwise and moves from the position S1 to the position S2, and the driving wire 32 is cut off by the blade 63 in the rotating process to finish the cutting-off action. This shutdown mechanism's simple structure is reliable, circulated repetitious usage, and shutdown mechanism's setting can effectively improve flight system's security, and when sampling mechanism 50 was caught or was loaded with the sample because of sampling mechanism 50 fully and lead to the unmanned aerial vehicle load to aggravate and its electric power can't support safe back to the journey because of the accident, can realize cutting off sampling mechanism's operation to guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft's safety, reduce economic loss.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the guide assembly 40 includes:

a fixed pulley 41, wherein the fixed pulley 41 is positioned in the shell 10 and at the gravity center of the sampling device, and the driving wire 32 is wound from the coiling wheel 31 to the fixed pulley 41;

the guide block 42, the drive wire 32 is connected with the top of the guide block 42, the guide block 42 and the winding wheel 31 are respectively positioned at two sides of the fixed pulley 41; the guide block 42 penetrates through the through hole 13 on the bottom surface of the shell 10;

the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43 is fixed at the bottom of the guide block 42, and a second dovetail groove slide rail 431 is arranged on the bottom surface of the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43;

the top surface of the sampling mechanism 50 has a second bevel projection 501 that is engaged with the second dovetail rail 431, and the second bevel projection 501 can be inserted into and held by the second dovetail rail 431 to vertically limit the sampling mechanism 50.

In a sampling device such as a water sampler, the sampling mechanism 50 may be a water bucket.

The fixed pulley 41 is used for configuring the direction of the driving wire 32, and meanwhile, the gravity center position of the whole sampling device can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the sampling mechanism through adjusting the setting position of the fixed pulley 41 so as to be matched with the fixed position of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The driving wire 32 is located on the slot of the fixed pulley 41, and the fixed pulley 41 is fixed on the pulley bracket 44 through the rotating shaft and can rotate freely around the rotating shaft. The draw-in groove surface of fixed pulley 41 is smooth, and the wearing and tearing that the reducible drive wire 32 caused of rubbing on the draw-in groove can change the position of being qualified for the next round of competitions simultaneously, and the holistic focus position of adjustment device is favorable to the whole of sampling device and unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft to keep balanced stable in the convenient design.

When the driving motor 30 drives the winding wheel 31 to wind, the guide block 42 and the sampling mechanism 50 thereof are pulled to move upwards; be equipped with locating hole 441 on pulley bracket 44 and supply guide block 42 to pass, be equipped with conical surface 421 and face of cylinder 422 on the guide block 42, face of cylinder 422 and locating hole 441 face of cylinder cooperation can restrict its horizontal swing after the manhole, prevent to cause the interference to unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft's flight gesture because of sampling mechanism horizontal swing, cause the sample excessive when avoiding sampling mechanism's swing simultaneously to the at utmost remains original sample.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the driving wire 32 passes through the fixed pulley 41 and is provided with foam 45, the foam 45 is provided with a slit for threading, when the driving wire 32 slides along the slit, the foam 45 can provide a certain friction force for the driving wire 32, so that the driving wire 32 is kept tensioned between the foam 45 and the winding wheel 31, and the problem that the driving wire 32 is wound or separated from the clamping grooves of the winding wheel and the fixed pulley due to looseness when the free end discharges force is prevented.

Further, when the driving wire 32 is inserted into any component, a protection member such as a ceramic ring can be disposed at the inlet hole and the outlet hole, for example, as shown in fig. 9, when the driving wire 32 is inserted into the pulley bracket 44, the driving wire sequentially passes through the ceramic rings 461 and 462, the ceramic rings 461 are fixed in the corresponding mounting holes of the pulley bracket 44, the edges of the inner holes have rounded corners and the inner holes are smooth, so as to prevent the driving wire 32 from shaking in the through holes to cause wear, and similarly, the ceramic rings 461 are fixed on the guide block 42, so as to further prevent the driving wire from contacting and wearing the structural component.

In this embodiment, the guide block 42 is provided with a thread 423 fixed to the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43, and the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43 is provided with a second dovetail groove slide rail 431, which is matched with a second inclined boss 501 provided on the top surface of the sampling mechanism 50, so as to quickly release the sampling mechanism 50. The second ramp boss 501 may be disposed directly on the top surface of the sampling mechanism 50, or may be disposed on, for example, the sampling mechanism quick release slide 70, and the sampling mechanism quick release slide 70 may be held stationary with the sampling mechanism by screws, such that the sampling mechanism 50 and the sampling mechanism quick release slide 70 are integrally suspended below the guide block 42 by gravity. As shown in FIG. 9, when the driving wire 32 is retracted by the winding wheel 31, the sampling mechanism quick release plate 43 has a retracted position adjacent to the bottom surface of the housing 10. The bottom of the housing 10 is provided with a foot pad 16, the height of which is larger than the distance between the bottom surface of the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43 in the retracted position and the bottom surface of the housing 10. When the winding wheel 31 finishes winding, and the sampling mechanism 50 and the sampling mechanism quick-release slide rail 70 are integrally detached, the sampling device can be placed on a supporting surface such as a table top and a table top through a foot pad, the bottom surface of the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43 is not contacted with the supporting surface at the moment, so that the sampling mechanism quick-release plate 43 can be ensured to be still suspended below the shell 10, the driving wire 32 is effectively ensured to be in a tensioning state at the part inside the shell, and the phenomenon that the sampling mechanism generates internal stranded wires due to loose winding in the process of storage is avoided to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the sampling mechanism 50 and the sampling mechanism quick-release slide rail 70 can be integrally detached, so that a worker can conveniently obtain a sample from the sampling mechanism 50 and clean the sampling mechanism, the operation working efficiency is improved, the sample is prevented from being left to cause cross contamination to the next collected sample, and the sampling mechanism 50 and the sampling device are separated from each other to facilitate equipment storage and transportation.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, the winding wheel 31 drives the guide block 42 to slide upwards in the positioning hole 441, the conical surface 421 keeps sliding contact with the moving plate 81 arranged on the limit switch 80, and the guide block 42 drives the moving plate 81 to compress when going upwards, so as to actuate the limit switch 80; when the winding wheel 31 is paying off, the guide block 42 moves downwards, the conical surface 421 is gradually separated from the shifting piece 81, and finally the initial position of the shifting piece is restored, so that the limit switch 80 is reset. Meanwhile, the conical surface 421 can play a guiding role to facilitate the guiding block 42 to enter the positioning hole 441.

Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a control method for a sampling device of a drone aircraft, wherein the sampling device is a third embodiment as shown in fig. 8, which includes a shut-off mechanism for separating the sampling mechanism from the housing. Further, the sampling device may be provided with an image capturing device on the surface of the housing 10, and the image capturing device may be provided at any position of the housing 10 according to the image content to be captured, for example, at the bottom or side of the housing 10.

The control method comprises the following steps:

the controller automatically controls the cutting mechanism 50 according to a battery remaining signal of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, specifically, when the battery remaining is smaller than a first threshold value, the aircraft gives an alarm with low power, and the controller starts the cutting mechanism 50 to cut off the driving wire 32 according to the low power alarm signal;

or, the controller starts a manual cut-off process according to the working current of the unmanned aerial vehicle 1, when the working current is larger than the current-limiting threshold value, the controller outputs an abnormal alarm signal to prompt a user, the user inputs a manual cut-off signal according to the image signal acquired by the image acquisition device, and the controller starts the cut-off mechanism 50 to cut off the drive wire 32 according to the manual cut-off signal.

The working flow of the sampling device of the third embodiment shown in fig. 8 is shown in fig. 10, and it can be seen that the normal working flow of the sampling device comprises: and when the unmanned aerial vehicle arrives and hovers over the sampling place, starting a sampling process. Firstly, the current aircraft height is determined, and the current aircraft height can be obtained in a mode of combining ultrasonic measurement and a barometer measurement mode of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the pay-off length L corresponding to the preset sampling depth is determined according to the current aircraft height. Then, the driving motor drives the winding wheel to pay off to a pay-off length L so that the sampling mechanism reaches a preset sampling depth, and the driving motor stops for a period of time when the real-time pay-off length reaches L to finish sampling. And then the driving motor drives the wire winding wheel to take up the wire so as to withdraw the sampling mechanism until the driving motor stops when the limit switch is started. At this moment, the sampling device completes the sampling process, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can carry the sampling device and the sampling mechanism thereof to return.

If the real-time pay-off length L is smaller than the pay-off length L and the limit switch is started, the drive wire may be wound or the sampling mechanism may reach the temperature of the preset sampling depth, and at this time, an error is reported through the client terminal to prompt a user and control the drive motor to stop. If the sampling mechanism reaches the preset sampling depth, the driving motor is stopped for a period of time to complete sampling. And then the driving motor drives the wire winding wheel to take up the wire so as to withdraw the sampling mechanism until the driving motor stops when the limit switch is started. At this moment, the sampling device completes the sampling process, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can carry the sampling device and the sampling mechanism thereof to return.

Among them, there may be two kinds of abnormal working conditions due to the abnormality of the unmanned aerial vehicle:

(1) low-power alarm: the controller can start a cutting mechanism to cut off a driving wire according to the low-power alarm signal to separate a sampling mechanism and reduce the load of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the remaining voyage time is more than or equal to the safe return voyage time, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can be ensured to return voyage safely;

(2) the operating current is greater than the current threshold: under the general condition, mostly because sampling mechanism is detained by the object and leads to operating current too big, unmanned aerial vehicle can't normally accomplish and climb or fly, but the judgement that whether unmanned aerial vehicle and sampling mechanism can get rid of poverty is comparatively complicated, can only rely on operating current's numerical value and general, therefore, under this condition, the user can carry out artifical judgement according to the real-time image that the image acquisition device that sets up on the sampling device gathered, under the unable circumstances of getting rid of poverty of judgement sampling mechanism, can artificially trigger the cutting-off action, thereby start cutting-off mechanism and cut off the drive wire, separation sampling mechanism, in order to guarantee that unmanned aerial vehicle can return to the journey safely.

According to the technical scheme, the mounting platform arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle serves as a connection medium for mounting and the unmanned aerial vehicle, operation is simple, mounting and dismounting are fast and convenient, mounting and dismounting can be achieved, mounting replacement can be fast achieved for the same unmanned aerial vehicle, and therefore the unmanned aerial vehicle can be suitable for more application scenes. Further, because the connection structure with the mount sets up on the mount platform, consequently to the requirement greatly reduced that needs are connected to the connection interface of the mount of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft, can need not to match the connection interface of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft. And, because the mounting platform has simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the mounting platform with the connecting mechanisms with different interface shapes can be provided for matching with more types of mounting devices.

Further, the mount platform in this embodiment sets up the first electric contact of being connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft electricity simultaneously on first coupling mechanism, when the mount passes through first coupling mechanism and mount platform mechanical connection, can realize being connected with the electric of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft through the pairing of electric contact simultaneously. Through like this, mount and the mechanical connection and the electricity of unmanned aerial vehicle aircraft are connected and can only once accomplish through mount and the mechanical connection of mounting platform. Correspondingly, the mounting is separated from the unmanned aerial vehicle at one time through mechanical separation of the mounting from the mounting platform or mechanical separation of the mounting platform from the unmanned aerial vehicle. Therefore, the mounting steps of mounting are simplified, the mounting and the rapid separation of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized, and under the abnormal operation condition, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be kept through the rapid separation mounting, so that the economic loss of the abnormal operation condition is reduced.

In a preferred embodiment, the sampling device adopts a structural scheme of double-mounting-point bearing, on one hand, a mounting platform can independently support other mounting equipment to be fixed, so that the maximum utilization of a flight platform is realized, and the quick-release plate is provided with a damping mechanism, so that vibration from the flight platform to a certain degree can be absorbed, and a clearer and more stable image can be obtained during mounting of videos; on the other hand, the gravity center of the equipment can be stabilized by flexibly adjusting the relative positions of the two hanging points, the relative level of the equipment can be kept to the maximum extent, and the overturning of the equipment caused by the change of the load weight before and after the sampling by the sampling device is avoided. Simultaneously, the holistic relative stillness of furthest's stable sampling device can effectively reduce its influence of rocking to unmanned aerial vehicle flight attitude, more is favorable to unmanned aerial vehicle safety, stable execution sampling task.

In a preferred embodiment, driving motor, direction subassembly and sampling mechanism are used for accomplishing the sample collection action, and in order to guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle's safety to the at utmost under the condition that sampling mechanism can cause the influence to unmanned aerial vehicle's normal flight, this embodiment further provides shutdown mechanism, in order to be used for under abnormal conditions, automatically or start shutdown mechanism through the user manually through the controller and cut off the drive wire, so that direction subassembly and sampling mechanism break away from the casing of sampling device under the effect of gravity, thereby realize the separation with unmanned aerial vehicle, guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle's safe flight, reduce economic loss.

In a preferred embodiment, a control method of the sampling device is provided, the sampling device and the shell are controlled to be quickly separated in a mode of combining automatic control and manual control, safe flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be guaranteed to the maximum extent under abnormal conditions, and misoperation can be prevented in a mode of manually judging image content, so that economic loss is reduced to the maximum extent.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications such as combinations, divisions or repetitions of the features without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.