阅读说明：本技术 一种起落架气动载荷试验装置及其设计方法 (Undercarriage pneumatic load test device and design method thereof ) 是由 侯博之 路红伟 孙继勇 王小锋 汪赵宏 王慧锋 于 2020-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种起落架气动载荷试验装置及其设计方法。所述起落架气动载荷试验装置包括安装型架及加载装置；所述加载装置上设有施加点,所述安装型架上设有加载点；在静态时,所述加载点与起落架轮轴中心点在侧向、垂向投影面上的位置相对应；在所述施加点的驱动下,所述加载点可侧向、航向、垂向位移,且所述加载点位移轨迹与所述起落架位移轨迹匹配。与相关技术相比,本发明所提供起落架气动载荷试验装置真实模拟起落架在受气动载荷影响下的收放；结构新颖,可靠性高,重复拆装方便。(The invention provides a landing gear pneumatic load test device and a design method thereof. The landing gear pneumatic load test device comprises a mounting fixture and a loading device; the loading device is provided with an applying point, and the mounting fixture is provided with a loading point; in a static state, the loading point corresponds to the position of the central point of the wheel axle of the undercarriage on a lateral and vertical projection plane; under the driving of the application point, the loading point can laterally, horizontally and vertically displace, and the displacement track of the loading point is matched with the displacement track of the undercarriage. Compared with the prior art, the landing gear pneumatic load test device provided by the invention truly simulates the retraction and extension of the landing gear under the influence of the pneumatic load; novel structure, the reliability is high, and repeated easy dismounting.)

1. The landing gear pneumatic load test device is characterized by comprising a mounting fixture (1) for fixing a landing gear (10) and a loading device (2) for loading the landing gear (10) on the mounting fixture (1) with a pneumatic load;

an application point (261) is arranged on the loading device (2), and a loading point (12) connected with the application point (261) is arranged on the installation fixture (1); in a static state, the loading point (12) corresponds to the position of the central point (102) of the axle of the landing gear on a lateral and vertical projection plane; under the driving of the application point (261), the loading point (12) can be laterally, horizontally and vertically displaced, and the displacement track of the loading point (12) is matched with that of the undercarriage (10).

2. Landing gear aerodynamic load testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading device (2) comprises a loading base (21), a vertical upright (22), a horizontal beam (23), a vertical drive assembly (24), a lateral drive assembly (25) and a heading drive assembly (26); the vertical upright column (22) is arranged on the loading base (21), and the horizontal beam (23) is connected with the vertical upright column (22) in a sliding manner; the lateral driving assembly (25) is arranged on the horizontal beam (23); the applying point (261) is arranged on the course driving component (26), and the course driving component (26) is arranged on the lateral driving component (25); the lateral driving assembly (25), the heading driving assembly (26) and the applying point (261) on the horizontal beam (23) are vertically displaced under the driving of the vertical driving assembly (24); the heading drive component (26) and an application point (261) on the heading drive component are laterally displaced under the drive of the lateral drive component (25); and under the drive of the course driving component (26), the loading point (261) shifts course.

3. The landing gear aerodynamic load test device according to claim 2, characterized in that the vertical driving assembly (24) comprises a vertical driving motor (241) and a vertical guide rail (242) arranged on the vertical upright column (22), the horizontal beam (23) is in sliding connection with the vertical upright column (22) through the vertical guide rail (242), and the vertical driving motor (241) is arranged on the horizontal beam (23) and realizes guiding driving through the vertical guide rail (242).

4. A landing gear aerodynamic load test device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the vertical drive assembly (24) comprises a counterweight (244) for balancing the vertical displacement of the horizontal beam (23), the counterweight (244) being slidably arranged in the vertical upright (22) by means of a balancing cable (243) connected to the horizontal beam (23).

5. Landing gear aerodynamic load testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lateral drive assembly (25) comprises a lateral drive motor (251) and a lateral guide rail (252) provided on the horizontal beam (23), the lateral drive motor (251) effecting a steering drive via the lateral guide rail (252); the heading drive assembly (26) is fixed on the lateral drive motor (251).

6. Landing gear aerodynamic load testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the application point (261) and the loading point (12) are connected by a loading cable (3).

7. A landing gear aerodynamic load testing device according to claim 1, wherein a dummy wheel assembly is provided on the mounting jig, the dummy wheel assembly being mounted on the axle of the landing gear.

8. The landing gear aerodynamic load test device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising an angle sensor (4) for measuring and feeding back the rotation angle of the main rotating shaft (101) of the landing gear (10) in the folding and unfolding process, wherein the angle sensor (4) is installed between the main rotating shaft (101) of the landing gear (10) and the installation jig (1).

9. Landing gear aerodynamic load testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that the angle sensor (4) is connected to the mounting profile (1) by means of a mounting abutment (5); the angle sensor (4) comprises a stator (41) and a rotor (42), the stator (41) is installed on the mounting support (5), and the rotor (42) is installed on the main rotating shaft (101).

10. A method of designing a landing gear aerodynamic load test device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

decomposing the retraction motion track of the undercarriage by taking the central point of an axle of the undercarriage as a reference point, and designing the size of the loading device and the displacement formation in three directions according to the positions of the undercarriage in the lateral direction, the heading direction and the vertical direction respectively;

designing the lateral and vertical displacement driving speed and acceleration of the loading device and the loading load, driving speed and acceleration of an application point on the course according to the displacement load spectrum of the central point of the axle of the landing gear;

designing the installation jig according to the installation interface and the posture of the undercarriage, adjusting the position of the central point of the axle of the undercarriage on a lateral and vertical projection plane to correspond to the position of a loading point, and ensuring that the displacement track of the loading point is matched with the displacement track of the undercarriage;

according to the undercarriage retraction and extension principle, loading control software and an angle sensor are designed; the angle sensor is used for measuring the rotation angle of the main rotating shaft of the landing gear in the retraction process and feeding back angle information to the loading control software; a motion trail model of the landing gear is integrated in the loading control software, so that the displacement and the load of the loading point are controlled through the feedback control of the angle sensor;

and starting a landing gear retraction control system and loading control software to load the pneumatic load along with the movement of the landing gear in the retraction process of the landing gear.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a landing gear pneumatic load test device and a design method thereof.

Background

Landing gear is an attachment device for supporting an aircraft on its lower portion for takeoff and landing or for ground movement during taxiing. The undercarriage comprises a main rotating shaft and an airplane wheel arranged at one end of the main rotating shaft. The main rotating shaft connects the airplane wheel to the airplane and transfers the impact load in landing and taxiing to the airplane. The landing gear is therefore the only part that supports the entire aircraft and is an integral part of the aircraft.

In the design of the undercarriage, the undercarriage retraction and extension test is a common functional performance test and is mainly used for verifying whether the retraction and extension functional performance of a product meets the design requirement, setting a single-point fault and verifying the reliability of a retraction and extension system, and is an important performance test for testing the functional performance of the product.

In the conventional undercarriage functional performance test, only the retraction and extension test of no-load or pneumatic load simulation is carried out through a simple pulley and a counterweight mechanism. Under the real condition, because the aircraft has course and vertical speed in the take-off and landing processes, the landing gear can bear load which is generated by relative motion with airflow and is opposite to the flight direction of the aircraft in the take-up and pay-off processes, and the load is related to the flight speed of the aircraft, the take-up and pay-off speed of the landing gear, the take-up and pay-off track and the windward area. Therefore, conventional landing gear functional performance tests do not meet the test requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a landing gear pneumatic load test device and a design method thereof, which solve the problem of simulation loading of a pneumatic load in a landing gear pneumatic load loading test.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the landing gear pneumatic load testing device comprises a mounting jig for fixing a landing gear and a loading device for loading the landing gear on the mounting jig with a pneumatic load;

the loading device is provided with an application point, and the mounting fixture is provided with a loading point connected with the application point; in a static state, the loading point corresponds to the position of the central point of the wheel axle of the undercarriage on a lateral and vertical projection plane; under the driving of the application point, the loading point can laterally, horizontally and vertically displace, and the displacement track of the loading point is matched with the displacement track of the undercarriage.

In the scheme, aiming at the application simulation of the pneumatic load in the landing gear pneumatic load loading test, the continuously-changed pneumatic load of the landing gear in the retraction and extension processes is truly simulated by carrying out double-variable coordination control loading on the lateral direction, the heading direction, the vertical displacement and the load, and the landing gear pneumatic load loading test is particularly suitable for the landing gear pneumatic load loading test with a complex motion track.

Preferably, the loading device comprises a loading base, a vertical upright post, a horizontal beam, a vertical driving assembly, a lateral driving assembly and a heading driving assembly; the vertical upright is arranged on the loading base, and the horizontal beam is connected with the vertical upright in a sliding manner; the lateral driving assembly is arranged on the horizontal beam; the application point is arranged on the course driving component, and the course driving component is arranged on the lateral driving component; under the drive of the vertical driving assembly, the lateral driving assembly, the course driving assembly and the applying point on the horizontal beam vertically displace; under the drive of the lateral driving component, the course driving component and an application point on the course driving component laterally displace; and under the drive of the course driving component, the course of the loading point is displaced.

Preferably, the vertical driving assembly comprises a vertical driving motor and a vertical guide rail arranged on the vertical stand column, the horizontal beam is connected with the vertical stand column in a sliding manner through the vertical guide rail, and the vertical driving motor is arranged on the horizontal beam and drives the horizontal beam to move through the vertical guide rail.

Preferably, the vertical driving assembly comprises a balancing weight for balancing the vertical displacement of the horizontal beam, and the balancing weight is arranged in the vertical upright column in a sliding manner through a balancing steel wire rope connected to the horizontal beam.

Preferably, the lateral driving assembly comprises a lateral driving motor and a lateral guide rail arranged on the horizontal beam, and the lateral driving motor realizes guiding driving through the lateral guide rail; the course driving component is fixed on the lateral driving motor.

Preferably, the application point and the loading point are connected by a loading steel wire rope.

Preferably, a false wheel assembly is arranged on the mounting fixture and is mounted on an axle of the landing gear.

Preferably, the landing gear further comprises an angle sensor for measuring and feeding back the rotation angle of the main rotating shaft of the landing gear in the retraction process, and the angle sensor is installed between the main rotating shaft of the landing gear and the installation jig.

Preferably, the angle sensor is connected with the mounting fixture through a mounting support; the angle sensor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is installed on the installation support, and the rotor is installed on the main rotating shaft.

The invention also provides a design method of the landing gear pneumatic load test device, which comprises the following steps:

decomposing the retraction motion track of the undercarriage by taking the central point of an axle of the undercarriage as a reference point, and designing the size of the loading device and the displacement formation in three directions according to the positions of the undercarriage in the lateral direction, the heading direction and the vertical direction respectively;

designing the lateral and vertical displacement driving speed and acceleration of the loading device and the loading load, driving speed and acceleration of an application point on the course according to the displacement load spectrum of the central point of the axle of the landing gear;

designing the installation jig according to the installation interface and the posture of the undercarriage, adjusting the position of the central point of the axle of the undercarriage on a lateral and vertical projection plane to correspond to the position of a loading point, and ensuring that the displacement track of the loading point is matched with the displacement track of the undercarriage;

according to the undercarriage retraction and extension principle, loading control software and an angle sensor are designed; the angle sensor is used for measuring the rotation angle of the main rotating shaft of the landing gear in the retraction process and feeding back angle information to the loading control software; a motion trail model of the landing gear is integrated in the loading control software, so that the displacement and the load of the loading point are controlled through the feedback control of the angle sensor;

and starting a landing gear retraction control system and loading control software to load the pneumatic load along with the movement of the landing gear in the retraction process of the landing gear.

Compared with the related technology, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the retraction of the lifting frame under the influence of pneumatic load is truly simulated; for the undercarriage retraction and extension test with a complex motion track, the test device has a novel structure, high reliability and convenient repeated disassembly and assembly, can change corresponding size and design parameters, and is applied to the installation and retraction and extension tests of other types of undercarriage;

secondly, the problem of coordinated control of displacement and load when the pneumatic load follows the loading in the process of retraction and release of the undercarriage is solved; through the modular design, practice thrift the cost, and very big degree has improved test efficiency, and it is convenient to implement, and adaptability is wide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a loading principle of a landing gear pneumatic load testing device provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a loading device in the landing gear aerodynamic load testing device provided by the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a loading device in the landing gear aerodynamic load testing device provided by the invention;

fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an angle sensor in the landing gear aerodynamic load testing device provided by the invention.

In the drawing, 1-installation fixture, 11-false wheel assembly, 12-loading point, 2-loading device, 21-loading base, 22-vertical upright post, 23-horizontal beam, 24-vertical driving assembly, 241-vertical driving motor, 242-vertical guide rail, 243-balance steel wire rope, 244-counterweight block, 25-lateral driving assembly, 251-lateral driving motor, 252-lateral guide rail, 26-course driving assembly, 261-application point, 27-reinforcing beam, 28-supporting upright post, 3-loading steel wire rope, 4-angle sensor, 41-stator, 42-rotor, 5-installation support, 10-landing gear, 101-main rotating shaft and 102-landing gear axle central point.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the landing gear aerodynamic load test device provided by this embodiment includes an installation jig 1, a loading device 2, a loading steel wire rope 3, an angle sensor 4, and an installation support 5.

The mounting fixture 1 is used to secure a landing gear 10. The main rotating shaft of the landing gear 10 is fixed with the upper end of the mounting fixture 1 through bolts. The mounting fixture 1 is provided with a false wheel assembly 11, and the false wheel assembly 11 is matched with an axle of the undercarriage 10. That is, in the test, the dummy wheel assembly 11 was simulated as a wheel of the landing gear 10. The installation fixture 1 is fixed on a ground foundation through foundation bolts.

The loading device 2 is arranged beside the installation jig 1 and used for loading a pneumatic load on the undercarriage fixed on the installation jig 1.

The loading device 2 comprises a loading base 21, a vertical upright 22, a horizontal beam 23, a vertical driving assembly 24, a lateral driving assembly 25 and a heading driving assembly 26.

The loading base 21 is fixed on a ground foundation through foundation bolts. The number of the vertical columns 22 is two, and the vertical columns are arranged on the loading base 21 at intervals. And a plurality of reinforcing beams 27 are installed between the two vertical poles 22 by bolts. The two vertical uprights 22 are each reinforced by a support upright 28 connected to the ground.

Vertical drive assembly 21 includes vertical drive motor 241, vertical guide rail 242, balance cable 243, and counterweight 244. The vertical guide rail 242 is disposed on the vertical column 22. The horizontal beam 23 is slidably connected to the vertical column 22 via the vertical guide rail 242. The vertical driving motor 241 is arranged on the horizontal beam 23 and realizes guiding driving through the vertical guide rail 242. One end of the balancing steel wire rope 243 is connected to the horizontal beam 23, the other end is connected to the balancing weight 244, and the balancing weight 244 plays a role in balancing when the horizontal beam 23 vertically displaces. The weight 244 is slidably disposed within the vertical column 22.

The lateral drive assembly 25 includes a lateral drive motor 251 and a lateral guide 252 disposed on the horizontal beam 23. The lateral driving motor 251 performs guiding driving through the lateral guide rail 252. The sliding direction of the side rails 252 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the vertical rails 242. The heading drive assembly 26 is fixed to the lateral drive motor 251 and moves with the lateral drive motor 251.

As shown in fig. 1, the heading drive assembly 26 is a heading drive motor having an application point 261 disposed thereon. The installation fixture 1 is provided with a loading point 12 connected with the application point 261 through a loading steel wire rope 3. In the static state, the loading point 12 corresponds to (coincides with) the position of the landing gear axle centre point 102 on a lateral, vertical plane of projection.

When the vertical driving motor 241 is started, the vertical driving motor 241 and the rack on the vertical column 22 are engaged to move through the gear on the output shaft of the vertical driving motor 241, and at this time, the vertical driving motor 241 drives the horizontal beam 23, the lateral driving component 25, the course driving component 26 and the applying point 261 to vertically displace along the vertical guide rail 242. Meanwhile, under the driving of the lateral driving motor 251, the heading driving component 26 and the application point 261 thereon are laterally displaced (the driving principle of the lateral driving motor 251 is the same as that of the vertical driving motor). And under the drive of the course driving component 26, the loading steel wire rope 3 is wound to force the loading point 12 to move in course.

Under the displacement drive of the application point 261, the loading point 12 can be displaced laterally, horizontally and vertically, and the displacement track of the loading point is matched with that of the undercarriage. The position of the loading point is the intersection point of the pneumatic load resultant force ray of the central point of the axle of the landing gear and the loading point on the vertical, lateral and heading planes, and the intersection point changes along with the angle and the angular speed.

The lateral displacement, the heading direction and the vertical displacement can be regarded as the displacement in the X, Y, Z direction corresponding to the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system. X, Y is in the horizontal plane, and the heading has only one direction as shown in FIG. 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the angle sensor 4 is arranged between the main rotating shaft 101 of the landing gear 10 and the mounting fixture 1. The angle sensor 4 includes a stator 41 and a rotor 42. The stator 41 is mounted on the mounting support 5, and the mounting support 5 is connected with the mounting fixture 1 through bolts. The rotor 42 is mounted on the main rotating shaft 101 of the landing gear 10.

The invention provides a design method of a landing gear pneumatic load test device, which comprises the following steps:

and decomposing the retraction motion track of the undercarriage by taking the central point of the axle of the undercarriage as a reference point, and designing the size of the loading device and the displacement formation in three directions according to the positions of the undercarriage in the lateral direction, the heading direction and the vertical direction.

And designing the lateral and vertical displacement driving speed, acceleration and loading load, driving speed and acceleration of an application point on the course of the loading device according to the displacement load spectrum of the central point of the axle of the landing gear.

And designing the mounting fixture according to the mounting interface and the posture of the undercarriage, adjusting the position of the central point of the axle of the undercarriage on a lateral and vertical projection plane to correspond to the position of the loading point, and ensuring that the displacement track of the loading point is matched with the displacement track of the undercarriage.

According to the undercarriage retraction and extension principle, loading control software and an angle sensor are designed; the angle sensor is used for measuring the rotation angle of the main rotating shaft of the landing gear in the retraction process and feeding back angle information to the loading control software. The loading control software integrates a motion track model of the undercarriage, namely, the time and displacement track of the central point of the wheel axle of the undercarriage is converted into the rotation angle, the angular velocity and the angular acceleration of the main rotating shaft, and according to theoretical angle, angular velocity and angular acceleration information, a control motion model related to the loading load, the driving displacement, the speed and the acceleration of the lateral displacement driving motor and the vertical displacement driving motor is established, so that the displacement and the load control of a pneumatic load loading point are controlled through the feedback of an angle sensor, the loading load is a pneumatic load resultant force and changes along with the angle and the angular velocity, and the motor loading point is positioned as an intersection point of a pneumatic load resultant force ray of the central point of an axle of the undercarriage and a vertical plane, a lateral plane and a heading plane where the motor loading point is positioned and changes along with the angle and the angular velocity.

According to the undercarriage wheel, a set of false wheel assemblies is designed to truly simulate the weight of the undercarriage wheel, the false wheel assemblies are matched with a force sensor and an interface for mounting the loading steel wire rope, and the actual load loaded to the central point of the undercarriage wheel shaft is measured through the force sensor.

And starting a landing gear retraction control system and loading control software to load the pneumatic load along with the movement of the landing gear in the retraction process of the landing gear.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.