阅读说明：本技术 一种赤泥基固废透水混凝土及其制备方法与应用 (Red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 王川 李召峰 申全军 林春金 栗剑 张健 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及透水混凝土技术领域,具体涉及一种赤泥基固废透水混凝土及其制备方法与应用。所述透水混凝土的原料包括以下重量份的组分：赤泥55～75份、高炉矿渣5～20份、电石渣0～30份、碱渣0～25份、泛碱抑制剂1～5份、胶结剂1～9份、减水剂0.5～1份、增强剂0.1～1份、骨料30～50份。本发明通过赤泥协同矿渣、电石渣、碱渣等多种固废,制备的赤泥基透水混凝土材料具有透气、透水、重量轻、高承载力、高散热性和耐磨等优良性能。另外,本发明采用的泛碱抑制剂通过化学键合的方式对碱性组分(Na、Ca)进行固定,可以有效控制赤泥基透水混凝土中碱性组分的浸出,解决了赤泥基固废透水混凝土容易泛碱和风化的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of pervious concrete, in particular to red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete and a preparation method and application thereof. The pervious concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-75 parts of red mud, 5-20 parts of blast furnace slag, 0-30 parts of carbide slag, 0-25 parts of alkaline residue, 1-5 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor, 1-9 parts of a cementing agent, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent, 0.1-1 part of a reinforcing agent and 30-50 parts of aggregate. The red mud-based pervious concrete material prepared by the invention has the advantages of air permeability, water permeability, light weight, high bearing capacity, high heat dissipation, wear resistance and the like through the cooperation of the red mud and various solid wastes such as slag, carbide slag, alkali slag and the like. In addition, the saltpetering inhibitor adopted by the invention fixes the alkaline components (Na and Ca) in a chemical bonding mode, can effectively control leaching of the alkaline components in the red mud-based permeable concrete, and solves the problem that the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete is easy to saltpetering and weathered.)

1. The red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 55-75 parts of red mud, 5-20 parts of blast furnace slag, 0-30 parts of carbide slag, 5-25 parts of alkaline residue, 1-5 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor, 1-9 parts of a cementing agent, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent, 0.1-1 part of a reinforcing agent and 30-50 parts of aggregate.

2. The red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete of claim 1, wherein the saltpetering inhibitor is any one of gelatin, xanthan gum, guar gum, polymeric alumina, polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide.

3. The red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete of claim 2, characterized in that the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete further comprises water, and the designed water-to-cement ratio is 0.15-0.3.

4. The red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete according to claim 3, wherein the specific surface area of the solid waste of the red mud, the blast furnace slag, the carbide slag and the alkali slag is 360-420 m²Between/kg; preferably, the red mud is any one of red mud produced by a Bayer process, a sintering process and a combination process.

5. The red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete of claim 3, wherein the cementing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, sodium sulfate and sodium metaaluminate.

6. The red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete of claim 3, wherein the reinforcing agent comprises any one of silica fume, aluminum fume and calcium carbonate whiskers.

7. The red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete according to claim 3, wherein the water reducing agent is any one of a naphthalene water reducing agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, an aminosulfonic acid water reducing agent and an aliphatic water reducing agent.

8. The red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete of claim 3, wherein the aggregate comprises at least one of construction waste, coal gangue, tailings and crushed stones; preferably, the tailings comprise any one of iron tailings, copper tailings, gold tailings and limestone tailings.

9. The method for preparing the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:

(1) drying and sieving the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and alkali slag respectively, and then mixing the red mud, the blast furnace slag, the carbide slag and the alkali slag with a cementing agent, a efflorescence inhibitor, a water reducing agent, a reinforcing agent and water reducing agent according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder;

(2) and (2) soaking the aggregate in water, adding the soaked aggregate into the mixed powder in the step (1), adding water, uniformly stirring, and pouring, curing and forming to obtain the concrete.

10. Use of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete prepared by the method according to claim 9 in the field of road construction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pervious concrete, in particular to red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

In recent years, the concept of "sponge city" has been continuously mentioned in city planning construction, which meets the requirements of city development and the residential needs of residents, and the government and scholars pay high attention. The pervious concrete is used as an important part in sponge city construction, and has important functions of realizing rapid infiltration of urban road rainwater, reducing the probability of urban waterlogging disasters, regulating and storing purified water resources and the like. Compared with the common pervious concrete, the pervious concrete prepared from the red mud has great significance in the aspects of comprehensive treatment of the red mud, environmental protection, reduction of resource waste and the like. However, the cement required to make pervious concrete is a high energy consuming, highly polluting industry. The consumption of resources by the cement industry is also enormous, and limestone and clay required for producing cement are non-renewable resources. Therefore, the preparation of the novel environment-friendly pervious concrete is the key of sponge city construction.

With the rapid development of economy in China and the rapid advancement of industry, the development of modern construction and the improvement of life of people are promoted, a comfortable environment becomes the living needs of people more and more, but a large amount of waste is generated while a large amount of resources are consumed. At present, the industrial solid waste discharge amount in China exceeds 30 hundred million tons per year, and the effective disposal rate is only about 60 percent. The red mud is mainly applied to the aspects of producing cement, building blocks, pavement materials and the like in the field of building materials, but the application rate is less than 1 percent at present due to the problems of difficult dehydration, high alkalinity and the like. The red mud mainly comprises Ca, Si, Fe and Al in chemical composition, has potential gelling activity for preparing a gelling material, and can solve the problem of red mud stacking and the problem of sponge city construction by preparing the pervious concrete from the red mud.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention further researches and discovers that: although the preparation of the pervious concrete by using the red mud is beneficial to improving the resource utilization of the red mud, the pervious concrete prepared by using the red mud has the problems of weathering, efflorescence and the like. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete and a preparation method and application thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.

In a first aspect of the invention, the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete is provided, and raw materials of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprise the following components in parts by weight: 55-75 parts of red mud, 5-20 parts of blast furnace slag, 0-30 parts of carbide slag, 5-25 parts of alkaline residue, 1-5 parts of a saltpetering inhibitor, 1-9 parts of a cementing agent, 0.5-1 part of a water reducing agent, 0.1-1 part of a reinforcing agent and 30-50 parts of aggregate.

Further, the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete also comprises water, and the water-to-cement ratio is 0.15-0.3.

Further, the specific surface area of the solid wastes such as the red mud, the blast furnace slag, the carbide slag and the alkali slag is 360-420 m²Between/kg. The strength of the pervious concrete is easy to reduce due to the fact that the specific surface area is too small, the specific surface area is too large, materials are easy to agglomerate and difficult to effectively disperse. Optionally, the red mud is any one of red mud produced by a bayer process, a sintering process and a combination process.

Further, the saltpetering inhibitor includes any one of gelatin, xanthan gum, guar gum, polymeric alumina, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, and the like. The research of the invention finds that: the efflorescence inhibitors fix alkaline components (Na and Ca) in a chemical bonding mode, and anions in the efflorescence inhibitors and alkaline cations in solid waste are subjected to complex reaction, so that the efflorescence problem is inhibited, the leaching of the alkaline components (Na and Ca) in the red mud-based pervious concrete can be effectively controlled, and the problems of efflorescence and weathering of the excitation type solid waste-based cementing material are solved.

Further, the cementing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate, sodium sulfate, sodium metaaluminate and the like.

Further, the reinforcing agent comprises any one of silica fume, aluminum fume, calcium carbonate whisker and the like.

Further, the water reducing agent is any one of a naphthalene water reducing agent, a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, an aminosulfonic acid water reducing agent and an aliphatic water reducing agent.

Further, the aggregate comprises at least one of construction waste, coal gangue, tailings and broken stones. Optionally, the tailings comprise any one of iron tailings, copper tailings, gold tailings, limestone tailings, and the like.

In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the limestone tailing filling material is disclosed, which comprises the following steps:

(1) drying and sieving the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and alkali slag respectively, and then mixing the red mud, the blast furnace slag, the carbide slag and the alkali slag with a cementing agent, a efflorescence inhibitor, a water reducing agent, a reinforcing agent and water reducing agent according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder;

(2) and (2) soaking the aggregate in water, adding the soaked aggregate into the mixed powder in the step (1), adding water, uniformly stirring, and pouring, curing and forming to obtain the concrete.

In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete in the fields of road construction and the like is disclosed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the red mud-based pervious concrete material prepared by the invention has the advantages of air permeability, water permeability, light weight, high bearing capacity, high heat dissipation, wear resistance and the like through the cooperation of the red mud and various solid wastes such as slag, carbide slag, alkali slag and the like.

(2) The invention uses a large amount of solid wastes as main raw materials, does not need cement finished products, has low cost, low energy consumption and excellent product performance, and has obvious economic benefit and environmental benefit.

(3) The research of the invention finds that: the carbide slag and the alkali slag have the function of exciting the gelling activity of other solid wastes in a system, the red mud has the gelling activity and also has the micro-aggregate effect, and various solid wastes improve the working performance of the pervious concrete through the interaction between physics and chemistry.

(4) The efflorescence inhibitor is used for fixing the alkaline components (Na and Ca) in a chemical bonding mode, so that leaching of the alkaline components (Na and Ca) in the red mud-based permeable concrete can be effectively controlled, and the problem that the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete is easy to efflorescence and weathering is solved.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturers.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be purchased from conventional sources, and unless otherwise specified, the reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be used in a conventional manner in the art or in accordance with the product specifications. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention. The preferred methods and materials described in this invention are exemplary only.

As described above, although the subject of the present invention is to improve the resource utilization of red mud in the preparation of pervious concrete from red mud, there are problems in that pervious concrete prepared from red mud has problems of efflorescence, saltpetering, etc. Therefore, the invention provides the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete and the preparation method thereof, and the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiment.

In the following examples, the red mud is obtained from bayer process red mud from the wilbridge venture group company.

In the following examples, the blast furnace slag is from lubi building materials ltd.

In the following examples, the carbide slag is from Linyi Jinxin metals, Inc.

In the following examples, the caustic sludge is from Shandong soda ash plant.

First embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying and sieving the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and caustic sludge (obtaining the material with the specific surface area of 360-²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 55 parts of red mud, 15 parts of blast furnace slag, 15 parts of carbide slag and 5 parts of alkaline residue for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and alkali slag weighed in the step A with 5 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 3 parts by weight of gelatin, 1 part by weight of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 1 part by weight of silica fume in proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. Selecting 40 parts by weight of coal gangue with the particle size of 9-13mm, soaking the coal gangue with 10 parts by weight of water, then adding the mixed powder in the step B, pouring, curing and forming, so as to obtain the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete brick, and testing the performance indexes of the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete brick according to the test method GB 28635-2012, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Second embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying and sieving red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and caustic sludge (360-420 m) ²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 65 parts of red mud, 5 parts of blast furnace slag, 5 parts of carbide slag and 15 parts of alkaline residue for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag, caustic sludge, 1 part by weight of sodium hydroxide, 1 part by weight of xanthan gum, 0.5 part by weight of naphthalene water reducer and 0.5 part by weight of calcium carbonate crystal whisker weighed in the step A in proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. Selecting 30 parts by weight of limestone tailings of 9-13mm, adding 10 parts by weight of water for soaking, then adding the mixed powder obtained in the step B, adding water until the water-to-gel ratio is 0.2, pouring, curing and forming to obtain the solid waste base permeable concrete, and testing the performance indexes of the solid waste base permeable concrete according to the GB 28635-2012 test method, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Third embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying and sieving red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and caustic sludge (360-420 m)²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 75 parts of red mud, 20 parts of blast furnace slag, 30 parts of carbide slag and 25 parts of alkaline residue for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag, alkali slag, 9 parts by weight of sodium metaaluminate, 5 parts by weight of guar gum, 0.8 part by weight of aliphatic water reducing agent and 0.1 part by weight of aluminum ash weighed in the step A in proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. And (3) selecting 50 parts by weight of 9-13mm broken stones, soaking the broken stones with 10 parts by weight of water, then adding the mixed powder in the step (B), adding water until the water-to-gel ratio is 0.3, pouring, maintaining and forming to obtain the solid-waste-based pervious concrete, and testing the performance indexes of the solid-waste-based pervious concrete according to the test method GB 28635-2012, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

Fourth embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and caustic sludge, (360-²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 60 parts of red mud, 10 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of carbide slag and 20 parts of alkaline residue for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag, alkali slag, 6 parts by weight of sodium sulfate, 3 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.6 part by weight of a sulfamic acid water reducing agent and 0.8 part by weight of calcium carbonate crystal whisker weighed in the step A in proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. Selecting 45 parts by weight of 9-13mm limestone tailings, soaking the limestone tailings with 10 parts by weight of water, adding the mixed powder obtained in the step B, adding water until the water-to-gel ratio is 0.22, pouring, curing and forming to obtain the red mud-based solid-waste pervious concrete brick, and testing the performance indexes of the red mud-based solid-waste pervious concrete brick according to a test method GB 28635-2012, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4

Fifth embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying and sieving red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and caustic sludge (360-420 m)²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 75 parts of red mud, 18 parts of blast furnace slag, 25 parts of carbide slag and 17 parts of alkaline residue for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag, alkali slag, 8 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 4 parts by weight of polyacrylamide, 0.8 part by weight of polycarboxylic acid water reducer and 0.5 part by weight of calcium carbonate crystal whisker weighed in the step A in proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. Selecting 45 parts by weight of 9-13mm building waste, soaking the building waste with 10 parts by weight of water, then adding the mixed powder in the step B, adding water until the water-to-gel ratio is 0.22, stirring, pouring, maintaining and forming to obtain the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete brick, and testing the performance indexes of the brick according to a GB 28635-2012 test method, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5

Sixth embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying and sieving red mud, blast furnace slag, carbide slag and caustic sludge (360-420 m)²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 55 parts of red mud, 15 parts of blast furnace slag, 15 parts of carbide slag and 5 parts of alkaline residue for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, the blast furnace slag, the carbide slag, the alkali slag, 5 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 1 part by weight of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 1 part by weight of silica fume weighed in the step A according to a proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. Selecting 40 parts by weight of 9-13mm coal gangue, soaking the coal gangue with 10 parts by weight of water, adding the mixed powder obtained in the step B, adding water until the water-to-glue ratio is 0.22, pouring, curing and forming to obtain the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete brick, and testing the performance indexes of the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete brick according to the test method GB 28635-2012, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6

Seventh embodiment

The preparation method of the red mud-based solid waste pervious concrete comprises the following steps:

A. drying and sieving red mud and blast furnace slag (360-²/kg), weighing the following solid wastes in proportion: 65 parts of red mud and 5 parts of blast furnace slag for later use.

B. And B, mixing the red mud, the blast furnace slag, 1 part by weight of sodium hydroxide, 1 part by weight of xanthan gum, 0.5 part by weight of naphthalene water reducer and 0.5 part by weight of calcium carbonate crystal whisker weighed in the step A in proportion to obtain mixed powder for later use.

C. Selecting 30 parts by weight of 15-20mm limestone tailings, soaking the limestone tailings with 10 parts by weight of water, adding the mixed powder obtained in the step B, adding water until the water-to-gel ratio is 0.22, stirring, pouring, curing and forming to obtain the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete brick, and testing the performance indexes of the red mud-based solid waste permeable concrete brick according to a test method GB 28635-2012, wherein the specific results are shown in Table 7.

TABLE 7

The analysis of the embodiment shows that the red mud-based pervious concrete prepared by the invention meets the national standard requirements, because the chemical compositions of the red mud and the blast furnace slag mainly comprise silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, and geopolymer gel can be formed under the action of the excitant; the carbide slag is mainly a calcium component and can provide a calcium source for a red mud-mineral powder system; the alkaline residue contains alkaline activator, wherein the salt component has the effect of salt excitation. The embodiment also shows that the weather resistance and the whiskering of the red mud-based pervious concrete are effectively controlled, because the ultrafine aggregate and the whiskering inhibitor are added into the gelling system, the ultrafine aggregate can improve the compactness of the concretes, thereby preventing the carbon dioxide from entering and the alkaline components from leaching out, and the whiskering inhibitor improves the weather resistance of the pervious concrete through chemical complexation. In addition, as can be seen from the sixth and seventh embodiments, the combined use of various types of solid wastes can improve the performance of the red mud-based pervious concrete, and the use of the ultrafine aggregate and the saltpetering inhibitor can effectively improve the weathering resistance effect of the red mud-based pervious concrete.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.