阅读说明：本技术 低氨发泡促进剂及制备方法、发泡材料及制备方法 (Low-ammonia foaming promoter and preparation method thereof, foaming material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 胡宗贵 董建平 张之文 黄永明 朱桂生 马克和 刘玲 唐丽 于 2020-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种低氨发泡促进剂及制备方法、发泡材料及制备方法。低氨发泡促进剂按重量份数计算,包括：氧化锌5～20份、硬脂酸锌10～25份、硫酸锌55～85份。本发明直接利用促进剂消除掉发泡材料生产中偶氮二甲酰胺热分解的刺激性氨气,减轻了人体所受的危害；由于本发明利用发泡材料生产过程中所必需的促进剂即可消除偶氮二甲酰胺热分解产生的刺激性氨气,从而利用性价比高、发泡效果稳定的偶氮二甲酰胺作为发泡剂就能够得到高质量的无氨味发泡产品,不需要另外从市面上寻找其他价格昂贵、发泡效率低的发泡剂替代品,也不需要单独添加去氨剂,有利于发泡材料制作的成本控制；此外,也不需要对现有成熟的发泡材料生产工艺进行调整,易于操作实施推广。(The invention relates to a low-ammonia foaming promoter and a preparation method thereof, and a foaming material and a preparation method thereof. The low-ammonia foaming accelerant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of zinc oxide, 10-25 parts of zinc stearate and 55-85 parts of zinc sulfate. The invention directly utilizes the accelerant to eliminate the irritant ammonia gas generated by the thermal decomposition of azodicarbonamide in the production of the foaming material, thereby reducing the harm to the human body; the invention can eliminate the irritant ammonia gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the azodicarbonamide by using the accelerator which is necessary in the production process of the foaming material, thereby obtaining the high-quality foaming product without ammonia smell by using the azodicarbonamide which has high cost performance and stable foaming effect as the foaming agent, and being beneficial to the cost control of the manufacturing of the foaming material without searching other foaming agent substitutes which have high price and low foaming efficiency from the market and independently adding the ammonia remover; in addition, the existing mature production process of the foaming material is not required to be adjusted, and the operation, implementation and popularization are easy.)

1. A low-ammonia foaming promoter is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of zinc oxide, 10-25 parts of zinc stearate and 55-85 parts of zinc sulfate.

2. The low-ammonia blowing promoter according to claim 1, comprising, in parts by weight: 5 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of zinc stearate and 85 parts of zinc sulfate.

3. The low-ammonia blowing promoter of claim 1, wherein the zinc sulfate is zinc sulfate monohydrate.

4. A method for preparing a low-ammonia blowing promoter according to claim 1, characterized in that: zinc oxide, zinc stearate and zinc sulfate are mixed according to the ratio of 5-20: 10-25: and respectively weighing 55-85 in parts by weight, adding into a mixer, and mixing for 5-50 min to obtain the low-ammonia foaming promoter.

5. A foamed material, comprising: a plastic raw material, a crosslinking agent, azodicarbonamide, and a low-ammonia blowing promoter according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. The foam material of claim 5, wherein the ratio of the components is, in parts by weight: 220 parts of plastic raw material, 1.6 parts of cross-linking agent, 8 parts of azodicarbonamide and 3 parts of low-ammonia foaming accelerant.

7. The foamed material of claim 5, wherein the plastic material comprises EVA, LDPE, CaCO₃One or more of (a).

8. The preparation method of the foaming material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

heating the two rollers of the open mill to 120 ℃, and uniformly mixing the plastic raw materials on the two rollers;

adding a cross-linking agent, azodicarbonamide and the low-ammonia foaming promoter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, and uniformly mixing to obtain a sheet;

the sheet is placed in a mold for pressure foaming.

9. The method for preparing a foamed material according to claim 8, wherein the step of placing the sheet in a mold is carried out under a mold pressure of 15Mpa, a mold temperature of 175 ℃, a mold depth of 10mm, and a heating time of 32 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of material molding, in particular to a low-ammonia foaming promoter and a preparation method thereof, a foaming material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The foaming agent azodicarbonamide is a plastic foaming agent with high cost performance, high gas evolution and most extensive application. The foaming agent azodicarbonamide is added into plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, polypropylene and the like, and is heated to decompose the foaming agent azodicarbonamide to generate gas, so that various heat-insulating, sound-insulating and shock-buffering foaming materials with light specific gravity and good elasticity can be obtained, such as slippers, soles, insoles, plastic wallpaper, artificial leather, child crawling mats, yoga mats and the like.

Because azodicarbonamide has high decomposition temperature, in order to match with the curing and forming speed of plastics, accelerators such as zinc oxide, zinc stearate, urea and the like are usually added in the processing process to adjust the decomposition temperature of the foaming agent, but the decomposition of the azodicarbonamide as the foaming agent generates tasteless gases such as nitrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide and simultaneously generates a large amount of irritant ammonia. Ammonia gas has pungent smell, and can cause lacrimation, pharyngalgia, hoarseness, cough, chest distress, dyspnea, dizziness, headache, nausea, emesis, debilitation and other symptoms after a large amount of ammonia gas is inhaled, and with the attention of people to health, the reduction of ammonia gas content in the product also becomes the focus in the industry.

In order to solve the problem of ammonia gas in foamed products, some domestic manufacturers adopt 4, 4-oxybis-benzenesulfonyl hydrazide (OBSH) as a foaming agent to replace azodicarbonamide, but the foaming agent has low gas evolution, large addition and high price, so that the production cost cannot be accepted by the market.

In the industry, the equivalent amount of the ammonia remover is added in the processing process to react with the generated ammonia gas, so that the foamed product is tasteless, and the foamed product has higher production cost compared with the conventional production due to large addition amount.

In addition, some accelerators have moisture absorption defects, are easy to absorb moisture in the environment to agglomerate and agglomerate, so that the plastic foaming process has large pore defects and unstable product quality.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-ammonia foaming promoter and a preparation method thereof, a foaming material and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems that the low-ammonia foaming material product is high in production cost, unstable in foaming quality and easy to generate large-pore defects.

A low-ammonia foaming promoter comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-20 parts of zinc oxide, 10-25 parts of zinc stearate and 55-85 parts of zinc sulfate.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of zinc stearate and 85 parts of zinc sulfate.

In one embodiment, the zinc sulfate is zinc sulfate monohydrate. The zinc sulfate monohydrate has less water content, zinc stearate coats the surface of zinc sulfate to isolate the zinc sulfate from the external environment, and the zinc sulfate monohydrate-containing foaming promoter and the foaming agent azodicarbonamide are added into plastic, so that the phenomenon that the pore diameter of a pore is increased due to water volatilization in the reaction process is basically avoided, the defect of macropores of the product is overcome, the foaming pore diameter is small, fine, dense and uniform, the plastic foaming product has higher and more stable quality, and the added value of the product is higher.

A preparation method of a low-ammonia foaming promoter comprises the following steps of mixing zinc oxide, zinc stearate and zinc sulfate according to a ratio of 5-20: 10-25: and respectively weighing 55-85 in parts by weight, adding into a mixer, and mixing for 5-50 min to obtain the low-ammonia foaming promoter.

A foamed material, comprising: plastic raw materials, a cross-linking agent, azodicarbonamide and the low-ammonia foaming accelerant.

In one embodiment, the proportion of each component is as follows according to parts by weight: 220 parts of plastic raw material, 1.6 parts of cross-linking agent, 8 parts of azodicarbonamide and 3 parts of low-ammonia foaming accelerant.

In one embodiment, the plastic feedstock comprises EVA, LDPE, CaCO ₃One or more of (a).

A preparation method of a foaming material comprises the following steps:

heating the two rollers of the open mill to 120 ℃, and uniformly mixing the plastic raw materials on the two rollers;

adding a cross-linking agent, azodicarbonamide and the low-ammonia foaming accelerant, and uniformly mixing to obtain a sheet;

the sheet is placed in a mold for pressure foaming.

In one embodiment, the sheet is placed in a mold at a mold pressure of 15MPa and a mold temperature of 175 deg.C and a mold depth of 10mm for a heating time of 32 min.

The low-ammonia foaming promoter and the preparation method thereof, the foaming material and the preparation method thereof have at least the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) the zinc ion can be provided, the metal zinc ion has the capability of accepting lone pair electrons, and can accept the lone pair electrons on nitrogen atoms and carbonyl oxygen atoms in the azodicarbonamide of the foaming agent, so that the decomposition temperature of the azodicarbonamide is reduced, and the zinc ion has strong promotion effect on the decomposition of the foaming agent.

(2) The reaction formula of the azodicarbonamide thermal decomposition is as follows: h₂NCON＝NCONH₂→N₂+CO+NH₃+CO₂The added zinc sulfate can perform a complex reaction with the generated ammonia NH3, and the reaction mechanism is as follows:

6NH3+ZnSO₄＝[Zn(NH3)₆]SO₄

2NH3+ZnSO₄+2H₂O＝Zn(OH)₂precipitation of + (NH4)2SO₄，

The products generated by the reaction are tasteless substances, the invention directly utilizes the accelerator necessary in the production process of the foaming material to eliminate the irritant ammonia gas generated by the thermal decomposition of azodicarbonamide, reduces the ammonia amount from the source by changing the decomposition process, tests show that the foaming material prepared by the low-ammonia foaming accelerator has no irritant ammonia smell, detects the ammonia gas content of 17-50ppm, is lower than the safe concentration 100ppm of uncomfortable feeling when people smell the foaming material, and greatly reduces the harm of the irritant smell to human bodies in the production process and the use process compared with the existing products.

(3) In the low-ammonia foaming accelerant prepared by the invention, zinc stearate is used for coating the surface of zinc sulfate, and the zinc sulfate is isolated from the external environment, so that the phenomenon of agglomeration caused by the fact that the zinc sulfate absorbs moisture in the environment can be prevented, the final foamed product has fine and uniform pores and fewer macropore defects, and the product quality is improved.

(4) The invention can eliminate the irritant ammonia gas generated by the thermal decomposition of the azodicarbonamide by using the necessary accelerant in the production process of the foaming material, thereby obtaining the high-quality foaming product without ammonia smell by using the conventional azodicarbonamide with high cost performance and stable foaming effect as the foaming agent, and being beneficial to the cost control of the manufacturing of the foaming material without searching other foaming agent substitutes with high price and low foaming efficiency from the market and independently adding an ammonia remover; in addition, the existing mature production process of the foaming material is not required to be adjusted, the technical transformation cost is low, and the operation, implementation and popularization are easy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a foamed material obtained in comparative example 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the foamed material obtained in comparative example 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the foamed material obtained in comparative example 3;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the foamed material obtained in comparative example 4.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. The following is a description of preferred embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that variations and modifications of the various embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. Moreover, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.