阅读说明：本技术 一种亚临界水优化萃取甘蔗蜡的方法 (Method for subcritical water optimized extraction of sugarcane wax ) 是由 李凯 侯楚璇 陆海勤 谢彩锋 杭方学 李文 徐勇士 于 2020-06-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种利用亚临界水萃取技术从甘蔗制糖滤泥中萃取甘蔗蜡的方法。本发明以甘蔗制糖滤泥为原料,采用盐酸对甘蔗制糖滤泥进行预处理,然后洗涤至中性,烘干,得到粗粉；将制得的粗粉置于萃取装置中,用亚临界水对粗粉进行萃取,萃取温度为120℃～200℃,萃取压力为1Mpa～5Mpa,萃取时间为20min～60min；萃取结束后,将萃取液静置冷却并过滤,收集滤饼烘干,得到甘蔗蜡。本发明以亚临界水为萃取溶剂,萃取效率高,萃取得到的甘蔗蜡的得率高,且工艺流程简单、成本低、避免了有机溶剂带来的污染,有效解决了现有技术中甘蔗蜡的萃取存在的工艺流程复杂、耗时长、生产成本高、对环境污染大等问题。(The invention provides a method for extracting sugarcane wax from sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud by using a subcritical water extraction technology. The method comprises the steps of taking sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud as a raw material, adopting hydrochloric acid to pretreat the sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud, then washing the sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud to be neutral, and drying the sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud to obtain coarse powder; placing the prepared coarse powder in an extraction device, and extracting the coarse powder by using subcritical water, wherein the extraction temperature is 120-200 ℃, the extraction pressure is 1-5 Mpa, and the extraction time is 20-60 min; and after extraction is finished, standing and cooling the extract liquor, filtering, collecting a filter cake, and drying to obtain the sugarcane wax. The method takes subcritical water as an extraction solvent, has high extraction efficiency, high yield of the extracted sugarcane wax, simple process flow and low cost, avoids pollution caused by an organic solvent, and effectively solves the problems of complex process flow, long consumed time, high production cost, great environmental pollution and the like in the extraction of the sugarcane wax in the prior art.)

1. A method for subcritical water optimized extraction of sugarcane wax is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, raw material pretreatment: the method comprises the following steps of (1) preprocessing the sugar cane sugar manufacturing filter mud by using hydrochloric acid, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain coarse powder;

s2, subcritical water extraction: placing the coarse powder prepared in the step S1 in an extraction device, and extracting the coarse powder by subcritical water, wherein the extraction temperature is 120-200 ℃, the extraction pressure is 1-5 Mpa, and the extraction time is 20-60 min;

s3, separation: and after extraction is finished, standing and cooling the extract liquor, filtering, collecting a filter cake, and drying to obtain the sugarcane wax.

2. The subcritical water-optimized extraction method of sugar cane wax according to claim 1, wherein the extraction temperature of step S2 is 180 ℃.

3. The subcritical water-optimized extraction method of sugarcane wax according to claim 1, wherein the extraction pressure of step S2 is 4 Mpa.

4. The subcritical water-optimized extraction method of sugarcane wax according to claim 1, wherein the extraction time of step S2 is 40 min.

5. The method for subcritical water optimized extraction of sugarcane wax as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete operation of preprocessing sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud by hydrochloric acid in step S1 is as follows: firstly, adding water into the dried sugar cane sugar manufacturing filter mud, uniformly stirring, then adding hydrochloric acid, and reacting for 60min at the temperature of 90-95 ℃; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1mol/L, 1mL of hydrochloric acid is correspondingly added into every 10g of the sugar making filter mud, and 30mL of water is correspondingly added into every 10g of the sugar making filter mud.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction and processing, and particularly relates to a method for extracting sugarcane wax from sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud by using a subcritical water extraction technology.

Background

The sugar cane wax is a lipid material existing in the skin of sugar cane, and specifically comprises two parts of wax lipid sugar cane wax and fat lipid sugar cane fat. In the production process of cane sugar, cane is squeezed, cane wax existing on the skin of cane is slightly remained on bagasse and is more transferred to cane juice, and most of the cane wax in the cane juice is concentrated in filter mud. The sugar cane wax has wide application, can be used for manufacturing products such as cosmetics, lubricants and the like, and can be used as a high-quality polishing agent for leather, floors and the like. In addition, the sugar cane wax contains a plurality of organic matters, such as higher fatty alcohols such as octacosanol and triacontanol, and phytosterol such as stigmasterol and ergosterol, has high medicinal value, and can be used for processing health care products, medicines and foods. Thus, a green and efficient sugar cane wax extraction process can bring greater commercial value.

The current methods for extracting the sugarcane wax from the filter mud comprise a solvent extraction method, a subcritical solvent extraction method, a supercritical fluid extraction method, a molecular distillation method and the like. The solvent extraction method can be divided into a single-solvent extraction method and a double-solvent decoction method, both of which utilize low-polarity organic solvents to perform low-temperature or high-temperature long-time extraction, and in comparison, the double-solvent decoction method extracts cane wax by mixing ethanol with other low-polarity solvents and then refines the cane wax by using the organic solvents to remove impurities, so that the obtained product has lower cane fat content and better quality than the single-solvent extraction method, but the used reagents are expensive, the production cost is high, and the environment is greatly polluted. Although the subcritical solvent extraction method simplifies the extraction process and shortens the extraction time, the butane gas still has the risk of environmental pollution. The supercritical fluid extraction method does not mainly use an organic solvent, so that the defect of environmental pollution is well avoided, but the pressure in a reaction kettle is high during extraction, and if industrial production is required, the equipment volume is large, and the equipment investment of a production line is large.

The subcritical water extraction technology is a novel extraction technology, also called super heated water, high pressure hot water or hot liquid water, and the principle is that water is heated to a certain temperature under a certain pressure, so that the temperature of the water is higher than the boiling point temperature and lower than the critical temperature. Under the action of pressure, the water body still keeps a liquid state, but hydrogen bonds of water molecules are broken at high temperature, ion hydration, ion association, cluster structures and the like are changed, and the polarity of water is reduced to low polarity, so that the property of the water is closer to that of low-polarity organic solvents such as ethanol and the like.

The subcritical water extraction technology has the advantages of high extraction efficiency, short extraction time, wide adaptability and the like, adopts pure water as an extraction solvent, does not add any acid, alkali or catalyst, has little pollution to the environment, and is a green extraction technology. Therefore, the subcritical water extraction technology has great advantages both now and in the future. At present, the technology is applied to component extraction and analysis in the food and medicine industry, and the application range is continuously expanded, so that the technology has a wide development prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for extracting sugarcane wax from sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud by using a subcritical water extraction technology, which takes subcritical water as an extraction solvent, has high extraction efficiency, high yield of the extracted sugarcane wax, simple process flow and low cost, avoids pollution caused by an organic solvent, and effectively solves the problems of complex process flow, long time consumption, high production cost, great environmental pollution and the like in the extraction of the sugarcane wax in the prior art.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a method for subcritical water optimized extraction of sugarcane wax comprises the following steps:

s1, raw material pretreatment: the method comprises the following steps of (1) preprocessing the sugar cane sugar manufacturing filter mud by using hydrochloric acid, washing to be neutral, and drying to obtain coarse powder;

s2, subcritical water extraction: placing the coarse powder prepared in the step S1 in an extraction device, and extracting the coarse powder by subcritical water, wherein the extraction temperature is 120-200 ℃, the extraction pressure is 1-5 Mpa, and the extraction time is 20-60 min;

s3, separation: and after extraction is finished, standing and cooling the extract liquor, filtering, collecting a filter cake, and drying to obtain the sugarcane wax.

Preferably, the extraction temperature of the step S2 is 180 ℃.

Preferably, the extraction pressure of the step S2 is 4 MPa.

Preferably, the extraction time of the step S2 is 40 min.

Preferably, the step S1 of preprocessing the sugar cane sugar manufacturing filter mud with hydrochloric acid specifically includes: firstly, adding water into the dried sugar cane sugar manufacturing filter mud, uniformly stirring, then adding hydrochloric acid, and reacting for 60min at the temperature of 90-95 ℃; the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1mol/L, 1mL of hydrochloric acid is correspondingly added into every 10g of the sugar making filter mud, and 30mL of water is correspondingly added into every 10g of the sugar making filter mud.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method for optimizing and extracting the sugarcane wax by using the subcritical water takes sugarcane sugar manufacturing filter mud of a sugar refinery as a raw material, the raw material is cheap and easy to obtain, the subcritical water is used as an extraction solvent, the cost is low, pollution caused by an organic solvent is avoided, the process flow is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and industrial production can be carried out. Thereby overcoming the problems of complex process flow, long time consumption, high production cost, large environmental pollution and the like existing in the extraction of the sugar cane wax in the prior art.

The subcritical water optimized sugarcane wax extraction method provided by the invention has the advantages of high mass transfer speed, high extraction efficiency and high sugarcane wax yield under the given pressure and temperature conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a gas chromatogram of sugar cane wax prepared in example 1.

Detailed Description

The claims of the present invention are further illustrated by, but not limited to, the following examples.