阅读说明：本技术 刮齿机 (Gear scraping machine ) 是由 颜灵永 马永建 于 2020-05-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种刮齿机,其包括机架、主轴、工作台以及五轴驱动机构,所述工作台上设有夹具,所述主轴用于安装刀具,所述夹具用于夹持工件,其特征在于：所述夹具包括底座、至少两个滑动设于底座上的夹持块以及驱动件,工件同轴安装至所述底座上,所述驱动件用于驱动夹持块沿底座的径向滑动,所述夹持块用于抵紧工件,且所有所述夹持块对工件的合力为零,所述底座上同轴设有通孔,所述通孔用于供工件的端部或刀具的端部伸入。本发明的一台刮齿机可实现齿轮轴或内齿圈的加工,减少设备成本,同时便于对设备进行维护。(The invention relates to a gear scraping machine, which comprises a rack, a main shaft, a workbench and a five-shaft driving mechanism, wherein a clamp is arranged on the workbench, the main shaft is used for mounting a cutter, and the clamp is used for clamping a workpiece, and is characterized in that: the fixture comprises a base, at least two clamping blocks and a driving piece, wherein the clamping blocks and the driving piece are arranged on the base in a sliding mode, workpieces are coaxially arranged on the base, the driving piece is used for driving the clamping blocks to slide along the radial direction of the base, the clamping blocks are used for abutting against the workpieces, the resultant force of the clamping blocks to the workpieces is zero, through holes are coaxially formed in the base, and the through holes are used for enabling the end portions of the workpieces or the end portions of cutters to stretch into the through holes. The gear scraping machine can realize the processing of the gear shaft or the inner gear ring, reduce the equipment cost and simultaneously facilitate the maintenance of the equipment.)

1. The utility model provides a scrape tooth machine, includes frame (1), main shaft (21), workstation (3) and five actuating mechanism (4), be equipped with anchor clamps (5) on workstation (3), main shaft (21) are used for installing the cutter, anchor clamps (5) are used for the centre gripping work piece, its characterized in that: the fixture (5) comprises a base (51), at least two clamping blocks (52) and a driving piece, wherein the clamping blocks (52) are arranged on the base (51) in a sliding mode, workpieces are coaxially mounted on the base (51), the driving piece is used for driving the clamping blocks (52) to slide along the radial direction of the base (51), the clamping blocks (52) are used for abutting against the workpieces, the resultant force of the clamping blocks (52) to the workpieces is zero, a through hole (511) is coaxially formed in the base (51), and the through hole (511) is used for enabling the end portion of the workpiece or the end portion of a cutter to stretch into the through hole.

2. The gear shaving machine of claim 1, wherein: the clamp is characterized in that the rack (1) is further provided with a thimble (54) and a hydraulic driving mechanism, the thimble (54) and the base (51) are coaxially arranged, and the hydraulic driving mechanism is used for driving the thimble (54) to be close to or far away from the clamp (5) along the axial direction.

3. The gear shaving machine of claim 1, wherein: the clamping block (52) comprises a first abutting block (521) and a second abutting block (522), the first abutting block (521) is connected with the base (51) in a sliding mode, the side wall, facing the axis of the base (51), of the first abutting block (521) is a first abutting surface (5211), the second abutting block (522) is arranged on the side, facing away from the base (51), of the first abutting block (521), the side wall, facing the axis of the base (51), of the second abutting block (522) is a second abutting surface (5221), and the distance from the second abutting surface (5221) to the axis of the base (51) is larger than the distance from the first abutting surface (5211) to the axis of the base (51).

4. The gear shaving machine of claim 3, wherein: the clamping block (52) is provided with a positioning block (523) in an embedded mode in a sliding mode, the positioning block (523) slides along the radial direction of the base (51), the positioning block (523) is attached to one side, deviating from the base (51), of the first abutting block (521) in a sliding mode, an embedding groove (5222) is formed in the second abutting block (522), and the embedding groove (5222) is used for enabling the positioning block (523) to be embedded.

5. The gear shaving machine of claim 4, wherein: be equipped with mounting groove (5223) on second butt joint piece (522), second butt joint face (5221) is run through in mounting groove (5223), it is equipped with drive block (524) to slide in mounting groove (5223), mounting groove (5223) are stretched out to the one end of drive block (524), mounting groove (5223) intercommunication caulking groove (5222), still be equipped with drive assembly (525) between drive block (524) and locating piece (523), drive assembly (525) make drive block (524) and locating piece (523) inlay in step and establish to caulking groove (5222) and mounting groove (5223) or stretch out in step.

6. The gear shaving machine of claim 5, wherein: drive assembly (525) include two sets of rack and pinion drive mechanisms, and two racks set up side by side and connect respectively drive block (524), locating piece (523), the diameter of two gear coaxial coupling and two gears is unequal, the pinion toothing rack on drive block (524), the gear wheel meshing rack on locating piece (523), and two rack syntropy remove.

7. The gear shaving machine of claim 5, wherein: a spring (526) is further arranged in the mounting groove (5223), and the end of the spring (526) abuts against the driving block (524), so that the driving block (524) has a tendency of extending out of the mounting groove (5223).

8. The gear shaving machine of claim 7, wherein: the locating block (523) is provided with a guide surface (5231) towards the axial end of the base (51), and the guide surface (5231) is used for abutting against the end of a workpiece.

9. The gear shaving machine of claim 1, wherein: the base (51) are the tubbiness, base (51) vertical setting, just the lower terminal surface laminating workstation (3) of base (51), the lower extreme lateral wall of base (51) still is equipped with chip removal hole (512), chip removal hole (512) are linked together with through-hole (511).

10. The gear shaving machine of claim 7, wherein: a guide piece (513) is coaxially arranged in the base (51), the upper end face of the guide piece (513) is a conical surface, and the middle of the upper end face of the guide piece (513) is higher than the peripheral side of the guide piece.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a gear scraping machine.

Background

Gear refers to a mechanical element on a rim with gears continuously engaged to transmit motion and power.

The powerful gear scraping is a gear machining process for continuous cutting, all machining procedures can be completed through one-time clamping, and two processes of gear hobbing and gear shaping are essentially combined.

Chinese patent No. CN103635280B discloses a shaving apparatus having six shafts:

rotation of the shaving tool about the first axis of rotation R1;

coupled rotation of the workpiece about the second axis of rotation R2;

a rotational movement about the pivot axis SA;

a linear vertical motion parallel to 204;

linear horizontal motion parallel to 206;

parallel to the linear horizontal movement of 208.

The three lines 204, 206 and 208 are perpendicular to each other, the pivot axis SA is parallel to the line 206, the first rotation axis R1 is perpendicular to the pivot axis SA, and the second rotation axis R2 is perpendicular to the pivot axis SA.

During machining, a shaft included angle which is not equal to zero is preset between a first rotating axis R1 of the scraping tooth cutter (also called a scraping gear) and a second rotating axis R2 of the workpiece. The resulting relative movement between the tooth-scraping tool and the workpiece is a helical movement that can be decomposed into a rotational component (rotational component) corresponding to the rolling of the tooth surface and a feed component (translational component) corresponding to the sliding of the tooth surface. The feed component causes a movement component of the cutting edge of the shave tool in the direction of the tooth surface of the workpiece.

The prior Chinese patent with publication number CN103551672B discloses a cylindrical gear tooth cutting tool which can be used for processing various internal tooth straight teeth, external tooth straight teeth and helical gear cylindrical gears.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: the gear has multiple types, and according to the position of the gear teeth, the gear can be divided into an inner gear (the gear teeth are on an inner circle) and an outer gear (the gear teeth are on an outer circle).

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the gear scraping machine which can realize the processing of a gear shaft or an inner gear ring and reduce the equipment model so as to be convenient for maintaining equipment.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a scrape tooth machine, includes frame, main shaft, workstation and five actuating mechanism, be equipped with anchor clamps on the workstation, the main shaft is used for installing the cutter, anchor clamps are used for centre gripping work piece, its characterized in that: the fixture comprises a base, at least two clamping blocks and a driving piece, wherein the clamping blocks and the driving piece are arranged on the base in a sliding mode, workpieces are coaxially arranged on the base, the driving piece is used for driving the clamping blocks to slide along the radial direction of the base, the clamping blocks are used for abutting against the workpieces, the resultant force of the clamping blocks to the workpieces is zero, through holes are coaxially formed in the base, and the through holes are used for enabling the end portions of the workpieces or the end portions of cutters to stretch into the through holes.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the gear shaft (the outer gear) is machined, the end part of the shaft part extends into the through hole, the tooth part to be machined is far away from the base, the clamping block slides under the action of the driving part and tightly abuts against the periphery of the shaft part to complete clamping of the gear shaft, the five-axis driving mechanism acts, the workbench drives the gear shaft to rotate through the clamp, the main shaft drives the cutter to rotate, the cutter is enabled to be close to the gear shaft, and gear teeth are machined on the periphery of the tooth part;

when an inner gear ring (an inner gear) is machined, the inner gear ring is placed between clamping blocks, the clamping blocks slide under the action of a driving piece and tightly abut against the periphery of the inner gear ring to clamp the inner gear ring, a five-axis driving mechanism acts, a workbench drives the inner gear ring to rotate through a clamp, a main shaft drives a cutter to rotate and enables the cutter to extend into the inner gear ring, gear teeth are machined on the inner periphery of the inner gear ring, and the cutter can extend into a through hole during machining so as to ensure that a complete tooth part is machined on the inner gear ring;

one gear scraping machine can realize the processing of a gear shaft or an inner gear ring, reduce the equipment cost and be convenient for maintaining the equipment.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: still be equipped with thimble and hydraulic drive mechanism in the frame, the thimble sets up with the base is coaxial, hydraulic drive mechanism is used for driving the thimble and is close to or keeps away from anchor clamps along the axial.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the axial length of gear shaft is far greater than its diameter, adds man-hour, and the both ends of gear shaft receive the centre gripping of anchor clamps, thimble respectively, are favorable to reducing the flexible deformation of gear shaft, and then improve the machining precision of the teeth of a cogwheel on the gear shaft.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the clamping block comprises a first abutting block and a second abutting block, the first abutting block is connected with the base in a sliding mode, the side wall, facing the axis of the base, of the first abutting block is a first abutting surface, the second abutting block is arranged on one side, facing away from the base, of the first abutting block, the side wall, facing the axis of the base, of the second abutting block is a second abutting surface, and the distance from the second abutting surface to the axis of the base is larger than the distance from the first abutting surface to the axis of the base.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the gear shaft is processed, the first abutting surface is utilized to abut against the periphery of the shaft part; when the inner gear ring is processed, the second abutting surface is utilized to abut against the periphery of the inner gear ring; the sliding distance of the clamping block is reduced;

meanwhile, the end face of the inner gear ring can abut against one side, away from the base, of the first abutting block so as to axially position the inner gear ring.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the clamping block is provided with a positioning block in an embedded mode in a sliding mode, the positioning block slides along the radial direction of the base, the positioning block is attached to one side, deviating from the base, of the first butt block in a sliding mode, an embedding groove is formed in the second butt block, and the embedding groove is used for embedding the positioning block.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the inner gear ring is machined, the end surface of the inner gear ring is abutted against the positioning block to complete axial positioning of the inner gear ring, then the driving piece acts, the second abutting surface on the clamping block abuts against the periphery of the inner gear ring, at the moment, the positioning block is slid to enable the positioning block to be embedded into the embedding groove, a space is formed between the end surface of the inner gear ring and the second abutting block, the space is used for increasing the stroke of a cutter, the cutter is prevented from interfering with the second abutting block, and a complete tooth part is machined on the inner gear ring;

when the inner gear ring is machined, cutting scraps can fall on the first abutting block, after machining is completed, the positioning block is slid again, the positioning block extends out of the embedded groove, the positioning block is embedded between the inner gear ring and the first abutting block, and the cutting scraps on the first abutting block are swept.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: be equipped with the mounting groove on the second butt piece, the mounting groove runs through second butt face, sliding fit is equipped with the drive block in the mounting groove, the mounting groove is stretched out to the one end of drive block, mounting groove intercommunication caulking groove, still be equipped with drive assembly between drive block and the locating piece, drive assembly makes drive block and locating piece inlay in step and establishes to caulking groove and mounting groove or stretch out in step.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the inner gear ring is processed, the end surface of the inner gear ring is abutted against the positioning block to complete the axial positioning of the inner gear ring, then the driving piece acts, the clamping block is close to the periphery of the inner gear ring, at the moment, the driving block is firstly abutted against the periphery of the inner gear ring, and the driving block is gradually embedded into the mounting groove, and the positioning block is embedded into the embedding groove through the transmission assembly until the second abutting surface is abutted against the periphery of the inner gear ring to complete the clamping of the inner gear ring;

and in the process that the clamping block abuts against the inner gear ring, the positioning block is automatically embedded into the embedding groove, so that the cutter can conveniently process the inner periphery of the inner gear ring.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the transmission assembly comprises two sets of gear and rack transmission mechanisms, two racks are arranged side by side and are respectively connected with the driving block and the positioning block, the two gears are coaxially connected, the diameters of the two gears are different, the pinions are meshed with the racks on the driving block and the gears on the positioning block, and the two racks move in the same direction.

By adopting the technical scheme, the stroke of the positioning block is greater than that of the driving block, so that the distance from the positioning block to extend out of the second abutting surface is greater than that from the driving block to extend out of the second abutting surface, and the end surface of the inner gear ring is convenient to abut against the positioning block.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the mounting groove is internally provided with a spring, and the end part of the spring is abutted against the driving block, so that the driving block has the tendency of extending out of the mounting groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the inner gear ring is processed, the driving block is firstly abutted against the periphery of the inner gear ring, overcomes the elastic force of the spring and is embedded into the mounting groove, the positioning block is embedded into the embedding groove through the transmission assembly, and finally the periphery of the inner gear ring is fixedly clamped by the second abutting surface on the second abutting block;

after the processing is finished, the clamping block is far away from the inner gear ring, at the moment, the second abutting surface is separated from the periphery of the inner gear ring, meanwhile, the spring is reset, the driving block extends out and abuts against the periphery of the inner gear ring, the axial position of the inner gear ring is kept unchanged, in the process, the positioning block extends out through the transmission assembly, the positioning block is embedded between the inner gear ring and the first abutting block, the positioning block is used for supporting the end surface of the inner gear ring, and the subsequent driving block can be conveniently separated from the inner gear ring.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the locating piece is equipped with the spigot surface towards base axis end, the spigot surface is used for the tip of butt work piece.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of spigot surface is convenient for the locating piece embedding ring gear and first butt piece between.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the base is the tubbiness, the vertical setting of base, just the lower terminal surface laminating workstation of base, the lower extreme lateral wall of base still is equipped with the chip removal hole, the chip removal hole is linked together with the through-hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during processing ring gear, smear metal and coolant liquid drop downwards to in falling into the through-hole, afterwards, smear metal and coolant liquid are discharged from the chip removal hole department of base lower extreme, convenient clearance.

The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the base is internally and coaxially provided with a guide piece, the upper end face of the guide piece is a conical surface, and the middle part of the upper end face of the guide piece is higher than the peripheral side of the guide piece.

By adopting the technical scheme, the chips and the cooling liquid fall into the through hole and slide down along the upper end face of the guide piece to be close to the chip removal hole, so that the chips are prevented from being accumulated in a pile in the middle of the through hole;

meanwhile, when the gear shaft is machined, the end face of the gear shaft abuts against the top taper angle of the guide piece, and the positioning is realized by matching with the clamp.

In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. one gear scraping machine can realize the processing of a gear shaft or an inner gear ring, reduce the equipment cost and facilitate the maintenance of the equipment;

2. a through hole is formed in a base of the clamp, so that the end part of the gear shaft or the end part of the cutter can extend into the through hole, and meanwhile, the through hole is used for collecting cutting scraps generated when the inner gear ring is machined;

3. the inner gear ring is axially positioned when the inner gear ring is clamped by the aid of the positioning block which is arranged in a sliding mode, the positioning block is separated during machining so as to avoid the end part of a cutter, after machining is finished, the positioning block supports the end face of the inner gear ring again, chips on the first abutting block are swept into the through hole, and collection of the chips is automatically finished;

4. a conical guide piece with an upward conical angle is arranged in the through hole, so that cutting chips slide along the conical surface and are close to the chip removal hole when the inner gear ring is machined; when the gear shaft is machined, the top taper angle of the guide piece is abutted to the end face of the gear shaft, and the positioning is realized by matching with the clamp.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the jig.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the clamp.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping block.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 4.

In the figure, 1, a frame; 2. a main spindle box; 21. a main shaft; 3. a work table; 4. a five-axis drive mechanism; 5. a clamp; 51. a base; 511. a through hole; 512. chip removal holes; 513. a guide member; 52. a clamping block; 521. a first abutment block; 5211. a first abutting surface; 522. a second abutment block; 5221. a second abutting surface; 5222. caulking grooves; 5223. mounting grooves; 5224. a mounting cavity; 523. positioning blocks; 5231. a guide surface; 524. a drive block; 525. a transmission assembly; 526. a spring; 53. a three-jaw chuck; 54. a thimble; 55. and a hydraulic cylinder.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the gear scraping machine disclosed by the invention comprises a frame 1, a main shaft 21 box 2, a workbench 3 and a five-axis driving mechanism 4, wherein the main shaft 21 is rotatably arranged in the main shaft 21 box 2, the end part of the main shaft 21 is used for installing a cutter, a clamp 5 is arranged on the workbench 3, and the clamp 5 is used for clamping a workpiece.

The five-axis driving mechanism 4 realizes the spatial translation between the main shaft 21 and the workbench 3 along the X, Y, Z axis, the rotation of the main shaft 21 box 2 and the rotation of the clamp 5; the X, Y, Z shafts are vertical two by two, the Z shaft is vertical, and the rotation axis of the main shaft 21 box 2 is parallel to the X shaft; the axis of the main shaft 21 is vertical to the X axis, and the main shaft 21 rotates around the axis of the main shaft to drive the cutter to rotate; the rotation axis of the clamp 5 is parallel to the Z axis and drives the workpiece to rotate.

During machining, the clamp 5 clamps a workpiece, and the five-axis driving mechanism 4 acts to enable the cutter to approach and cut the workpiece, so that machining is completed.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the fixture 5 includes a base 51, three clamping blocks 52 and a driving member, the base 51 is barrel-shaped, the axis of the base 51 is parallel to the Z axis, the three clamping blocks 52 are arranged at the upper end of the base 51 along the circumferential direction of the base 51 at intervals, the driving member is used for driving the clamping blocks 52 to slide along the radial direction of the base 51, the workpiece is coaxially placed at the upper end of the base 51, and the three clamping blocks 52 are synchronously close to and tightly abut against the periphery of the workpiece, so as to clamp the workpiece.

In this embodiment, the driving member is a three-jaw chuck 53 (which is a well-known technology and can refer to patent document No. CN 201257530), the three-jaw chuck 53 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 51, and the clamping block 52 is disposed at the upper ends of the jaws of the three-jaw chuck 53, so that the three clamping blocks 52 are synchronously close to or far from the axis of the base 51 by using the three-jaw chuck 53.

A through hole 511 is coaxially arranged in the base 51, the through hole 511 is communicated with a central hole of the three-jaw chuck 53, and the through hole 511 and the central hole of the three-jaw chuck 53 are used for the end part of a workpiece or the end part of a cutter to extend into.

Referring to fig. 3, a guide 513 is further disposed in the through hole 511, an upper end surface of the guide 513 is a tapered surface, and the tapered surface is disposed coaxially with the base 51, referring to fig. 1, a thimble 54 and a hydraulic cylinder 55 are disposed on the frame 1 and directly above the base 51, the thimble 54 is disposed coaxially with the base 51, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 55 is connected to an upper end of the thimble 54, and a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 55 extends and retracts in a direction parallel to the Z axis.

When the workpiece is a gear shaft, the tooth part to be machined of the gear shaft is higher than the clamping blocks 52, the shaft part of the gear shaft extends into the through hole 511, the lower end of the shaft part abuts against the top taper angle of the guide part 513, the ejector pin 54 moves downwards under the driving of the hydraulic cylinder 55, the lower end of the ejector pin 54 abuts against the upper end of the shaft part of the gear shaft, and meanwhile, the three clamping blocks 52 are close to and abut against the periphery of the shaft part under the driving of the three-jaw chuck 53, so that the fixed clamping of the gear shaft is realized.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the clamping block 52 is L-shaped, and includes a first abutting block 521 and a second abutting block 522, the first abutting block 521 is connected to the clamping jaw of the three-jaw chuck 53, a sidewall of the first abutting block 521 facing the axis of the base 51 is a first abutting surface 5211, the second abutting block 522 is disposed at an upper end of the first abutting block 521, a sidewall of the second abutting block 522 facing the axis of the base 51 is a second abutting surface 5221, and a distance from the second abutting surface 5221 to the axis of the base 51 is greater than a distance from the first abutting surface 5211 to the axis of the base 51.

When the workpiece is a gear shaft, the first abutting surface 5211 is used for abutting against the outer periphery of the gear shaft; when the workpiece is the ring gear, the ring gear is placed on the first abutting block 521, the periphery of the ring gear is opposite to the second abutting surface 5221, and the second abutting surface 5221 abuts against the periphery of the ring gear.

The second abutting block 522 is provided with a positioning block 523, a driving block 524 and a transmission assembly 525 so as to clamp the ring gear by using the clamp 5.

The positioning block 523 slides along the radial direction of the base 51, the upper end surface of the positioning block 523 is used for supporting the end surface of the inner gear ring, and the lower end surface of the positioning block 523 is in sliding fit with the upper end surface of the first abutting block 521; an embedding groove 5222 is formed in the end, facing the axis of the base 51, of the second abutting block 522, and the embedding groove 5222 is used for embedding the positioning block 523; a mounting groove 5223 is formed in the second abutting block 522 and located above the embedding groove 5222, the driving block 524 is slidably embedded in the mounting groove 5223, and a spring 526 is further arranged in the mounting groove 5223, so that the end portion of the driving block 524 extends out of the mounting groove 5223 to abut against the periphery of the annular gear.

The second abutting block 522 is further provided with a mounting cavity 5224, the mounting cavity 5224 is communicated with a mounting groove 5223 and an embedding groove 5222, the transmission assembly 525 is arranged in the mounting cavity 5224, and the transmission assembly 525 is connected with the driving block 524 and the positioning block 523, so that the driving block 524 and the positioning block 523 are synchronously close to or far away from the axis of the base 51.

When the workpiece is the ring gear, the ring gear is coaxially placed on the base 51, the lower end surface of the ring gear abuts against the upper end surface of the positioning block 523 to achieve axial positioning of the ring gear, then the three clamping blocks 52 are driven by the three-jaw chuck 53 to be close to the periphery of the ring gear, at this time, the driving block 524 abuts against the periphery of the ring gear, the driving block 524 is gradually embedded into the mounting groove 5223, the positioning block 523 is embedded into the embedding groove 5222 through the transmission assembly 525, and the second abutting surface 5221 abuts against the periphery of the ring gear to achieve clamping of the ring gear.

The positioning block 523 is embedded in the embedding groove 5222, and a distance exists between the end surface of the inner gear ring and the second abutting block 522, and the distance can be used as an overtravel groove to increase the stroke of the cutter, so that a complete tooth part is machined on the inner gear ring.

After the processing is finished, the clamping block 52 is far away from the inner gear ring, at the moment, the second abutting surface 5221 is separated from the periphery of the inner gear ring, and meanwhile, the spring 526 is reset, so that the driving block 524 extends out and abuts against the periphery of the inner gear ring, the axial position of the inner gear ring is kept unchanged, in the process, the positioning block 523 extends out through the transmission component 525, the positioning block 523 is embedded between the inner gear ring and the first abutting block 521, the positioning block 523 is used for supporting the end surface of the inner gear ring, and the axial position of the inner gear ring is kept unchanged when the subsequent driving block 524 is separated from;

meanwhile, when the ring gear is machined, cutting chips may fall on the first abutting block 521, and the positioning block 523 extending after the machining is completed sweeps off the cutting chips on the first abutting block 521.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the transmission assembly 525 includes two sets of gear-rack transmission mechanisms, two racks are disposed side by side and respectively connected to the driving block 524 and the positioning block 523, the two gears are coaxially connected, the rotating shafts of the gears are fixed, meanwhile, the diameters of the two gears are different, the pinion gear engages with the rack on the driving block 524, the bull gear engages with the rack on the positioning block 523, and the two racks move in the same direction.

The positioning block 523 is provided with a guide surface 5231 facing the axial end of the base 51, and the guide surface 5231 is used for abutting against the end of the workpiece, so that the positioning block 523 can be conveniently embedded between the inner gear ring and the first abutting block 521.

When the ring gear is machined, cutting chips and cooling liquid fall into the central hole of the three-grab disk and the through hole 511 of the base 51, and when the positioning block 523 sweeps off the cutting chips on the first abutting block 521, the cutting chips on the first abutting block 521 move towards the direction close to the through hole 511 and then fall into the through hole 511.

The side wall of the lower end of the base 51 is provided with the chip removal holes 512 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the chip removal holes 512 are communicated with the through hole 511, so that chips and cooling liquid can be discharged from the through hole 511, and the chips and the cooling liquid fall into the through hole 511 and slide along the upper end face of the guide part 513 to be close to the chip removal holes 512, and the chips are prevented from being accumulated in a pile in the middle of the through hole 511.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: when the gear shaft is machined, the end part of the shaft part extends into the through hole 511, the tooth part to be machined is higher than the clamping block 52, the clamping block 52 slides under the action of the driving piece and tightly abuts against the periphery of the shaft part to complete clamping of the gear shaft, the five-axis driving mechanism 4 acts, the workbench 3 drives the gear shaft to rotate through the clamp 5, the main shaft 21 drives the cutter to rotate, the cutter is enabled to be close to the gear shaft, and gear teeth are machined on the periphery of the tooth part;

when the inner gear ring is machined, the inner gear ring is placed between the clamping blocks 52, the clamping blocks 52 slide under the action of the driving piece and tightly abut against the periphery of the inner gear ring to clamp the inner gear ring, the five-axis driving mechanism 4 acts, the workbench 3 drives the inner gear ring to rotate through the clamp 5, the main shaft 21 drives the cutter to rotate, the cutter extends into the inner gear ring, gear teeth are machined on the inner periphery of the inner gear ring, and in the machining process, the cutter can extend into the through hole 511 to ensure that a complete tooth part is machined on the inner gear ring;

meanwhile, when the inner gear ring is machined, the generated cutting chips directly fall into the through hole 511 and are discharged from the chip removal hole 512, so that the cutting chips are convenient to collect;

by designing the special fixture 5, the stable clamping of the inner gear ring or the gear shaft is realized, and the gear scraping machine can finish the processing of the gear shaft or the inner gear ring.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.