阅读说明：本技术 一种重力脱水实验教学装置及方法 (Gravity dehydration experiment teaching device and method ) 是由 寇杰 钟齐斌 于 2021-07-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本公开公开了一种重力脱水实验教学装置及方法,包括：罐体、油箱、水箱、混合器、集油槽和调节水箱；所述油箱和所述水箱分别与所述混合器的一端连通,所述混合器的另一端与所述罐体连通；所述罐体为透明有机玻璃；所述罐体底部内侧设置有中心汇管,所述中心汇管一端通过进液管连通所述混合器,另一端设置配液管；所述罐体上端内壁设置集油槽,所述集油槽底部通过出油管连通所述油箱；所述罐体上端外壁设置调节水箱,所述罐体底部还设置有收水管,所述收水管与所述调节水箱连通,所述调节水箱还通过出水管和平衡管分别与所述水箱和所述罐体分别连通；本公开便于直接观察其内部构造与工作过程,便于老师进行实验教学。(The invention discloses a gravity dehydration experiment teaching device and a method, comprising the following steps: the device comprises a tank body, an oil tank, a water tank, a mixer, an oil collecting tank and a regulating water tank; the oil tank and the water tank are respectively communicated with one end of the mixer, and the other end of the mixer is communicated with the tank body; the tank body is made of transparent organic glass; a central manifold is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the tank body, one end of the central manifold is communicated with the mixer through a liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the central manifold is provided with a liquid distribution pipe; the inner wall of the upper end of the tank body is provided with an oil collecting tank, and the bottom of the oil collecting tank is communicated with the oil tank through an oil outlet pipe; the outer wall of the upper end of the tank body is provided with a regulating water tank, the bottom of the tank body is also provided with a water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is communicated with the regulating water tank, and the regulating water tank is respectively communicated with the water tank and the tank body through a water outlet pipe and a balance pipe; the teaching device is convenient for directly observing the internal structure and the working process of the device, and is convenient for teachers to carry out experiment teaching.)

1. The utility model provides a gravity dehydration experiment teaching device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a tank body, an oil tank, a water tank, a mixer, an oil collecting tank and a regulating water tank;

the oil tank and the water tank are respectively communicated with one end of the mixer, and the other end of the mixer is communicated with the tank body; the tank body is made of transparent organic glass;

a central manifold is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the tank body, one end of the central manifold is communicated with the mixer through a liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the central manifold is provided with a liquid distribution pipe;

the inner wall of the upper end of the tank body is provided with an oil collecting tank, and the bottom of the oil collecting tank is communicated with the oil tank through an oil outlet pipe; the outer wall of the upper end of the tank body is provided with a regulating water tank, the bottom of the tank body is further provided with a water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is communicated with the regulating water tank, and the regulating water tank is further communicated with the water tank and the tank body respectively through a water outlet pipe and a balance pipe.

2. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the water tank and the oil tank are fixed on a lower bearing plate, a support column is vertically fixed on the lower bearing plate, and an upper bearing plate is fixed at one end of the support column away from the lower bearing plate; the tank body is fixed on the upper bearing plate.

3. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the lower bearing plate is provided with a plurality of universal wheels, and the universal wheels are provided with brakes.

4. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the oil tank is communicated with the oil inlet end of the oil pump through an oil pump oil inlet pipe, and the oil outlet end of the oil pump is communicated with the mixer through an oil pump oil outlet pipe;

the water tank is communicated with the water inlet end of the water pump through a water inlet pipe of the water pump, and the water outlet end of the water pump is communicated with the mixer through a water outlet pipe of the water pump.

5. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 4, wherein an oil flow meter is arranged on the oil outlet pipe of the oil pump; a water flow meter is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the water pump; the oil pump advances oil pipe the water pump inlet tube the oil pump goes out oil pipe with all be provided with the valve on the water pump outlet pipe.

6. The gravity dehydration experiment teaching device according to claim 1, wherein a crude oil water content analyzer is disposed on each of said liquid inlet pipe and said liquid outlet pipe.

7. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged in a radial distribution; the bottom of the liquid distribution pipe is provided with a round hole type liquid distribution port with the aperture gradually increasing along the direction from the center of the tank to the wall of the tank; a plurality of round holes with the same size and uniform distribution are arranged on the water collecting pipe.

8. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the oil sump is in a ring shape and is closely attached to the inner wall of the tank.

9. The gravity dewatering experimental teaching device according to claim 1 wherein valves are provided on both the outlet pipe and the outlet pipe.

10. A gravity dewatering experiment teaching method, wherein the gravity dewatering experiment teaching apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and the teaching method comprises:

the oil and the water are pumped out by the oil pump and the water pump from the oil tank and the water tank respectively through the oil inlet pipe of the oil pump and the water inlet pipe of the water pump; after flowing out from the pump, oil and water respectively flow to the mixer through the oil pump oil outlet pipe and the water pump water outlet pipe, and after mixing, the oil and the water flow into the central manifold through the liquid inlet pipe and flow into the settling tank through the liquid distribution pipe;

under the action of water washing and gravity settling, the water content of the crude oil at the upper layer is greatly reduced;

the settled and separated crude oil is discharged into the oil tank through the oil outlet pipe through the oil collecting tank; the separated water is pressed into the regulating water tank by the water collecting pipe under the action of the liquid pressure in the tank and then flows into the water tank through the water outlet pipe.

Technical Field

The disclosure belongs to the technical field of teaching instruments, and particularly relates to a gravity dehydration experiment teaching device and method.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

The oil and gas gathering and transportation is one of the most basic essential contents of oil and gas storage and transportation professional students, wherein the crude oil treatment is the oil and gas processing basic knowledge which the students need to know; through the study on the crude oil treatment process and equipment, students can more intuitively understand the process; the gravity settling tank is one of the main devices for crude oil treatment, but the understanding of the gravity settling tank only stays on the surface because a schematic diagram of the gravity settling tank in a textbook is greatly different from an actual device, and students cannot see the internal structure and the treatment process of the device in professional practice.

Disclosure of Invention

The device related to the gravity dehydration experiment teaching device is internally visible, so that the internal structure and the working process of the device can be directly observed conveniently; the experimental teaching is carried out while the theory learning, so that students can understand the working principle and the working process of the gravity settling tank more deeply; the teacher of being convenient for carries out the experiment teaching, is favorable to promoting the student to the interest of crude oil processing knowledge, tamps student's professional knowledge.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present disclosure provides a gravity dewatering experiment teaching device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

a gravity dehydration experiment teaching device comprises: the device comprises a tank body, an oil tank, a water tank, a mixer, an oil collecting tank and a regulating water tank;

the oil tank and the water tank are respectively communicated with one end of the mixer, and the other end of the mixer is communicated with the tank body; the tank body is made of transparent organic glass;

a central manifold is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the tank body, one end of the central manifold is communicated with the mixer through a liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the central manifold is provided with a liquid distribution pipe;

the inner wall of the upper end of the tank body is provided with an oil collecting tank, and the bottom of the oil collecting tank is communicated with the oil tank through an oil outlet pipe; the outer wall of the upper end of the tank body is provided with a regulating water tank, the bottom of the tank body is further provided with a water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is communicated with the regulating water tank, and the regulating water tank is further communicated with the water tank and the tank body respectively through a water outlet pipe and a balance pipe.

Further, the water tank and the oil tank are fixed on a lower bearing plate, a support column is vertically fixed on the lower bearing plate, and an upper bearing plate is fixed at one end, far away from the lower bearing plate, of the support column; the tank body is fixed on the upper bearing plate.

Further, the bottom of the lower bearing plate is provided with a plurality of universal wheels, and the universal wheels are provided with brakes.

Furthermore, the oil tank is communicated with the oil inlet end of the oil pump through an oil pump oil inlet pipe, and the oil outlet end of the oil pump is communicated with the mixer through an oil pump oil outlet pipe;

the water tank is communicated with the water inlet end of the water pump through a water inlet pipe of the water pump, and the water outlet end of the water pump is communicated with the mixer through a water outlet pipe of the water pump.

Further, an oil flow meter is arranged on the oil outlet pipe of the oil pump; a water flow meter is arranged on the water outlet pipe of the water pump; the oil pump advances oil pipe the water pump inlet tube the oil pump goes out oil pipe with all be provided with the valve on the water pump outlet pipe.

Furthermore, the liquid inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe are both provided with crude oil water content analyzers.

Furthermore, a plurality of liquid distribution pipes are arranged and distributed in a radial shape; the bottom of the liquid distribution pipe is provided with a round hole type liquid distribution port with the aperture gradually increasing along the direction from the center of the tank to the wall of the tank; a plurality of round holes with the same size and uniform distribution are arranged on the water collecting pipe.

Furthermore, the oil collecting groove is tightly attached to the inner wall of the tank and is annular.

Furthermore, the oil outlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both provided with valves.

In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present disclosure provides a gravity dewatering experiment teaching method, which uses the gravity dewatering experiment teaching apparatus provided in the first aspect, and includes the following:

the oil and the water are pumped out by the oil pump and the water pump from the oil tank and the water tank respectively through the oil inlet pipe of the oil pump and the water inlet pipe of the water pump; after flowing out from the pump, oil and water respectively flow to the mixer through the oil pump oil outlet pipe and the water pump water outlet pipe, and after mixing, the oil and the water flow into the central manifold through the liquid inlet pipe and flow into the settling tank through the liquid distribution pipe;

under the action of water washing and gravity settling, the water content of the crude oil at the upper layer is greatly reduced;

the settled and separated crude oil is discharged into the oil tank through the oil outlet pipe through the oil collecting tank; the separated water is pressed into the regulating water tank by the water collecting pipe under the action of the liquid pressure in the tank and then flows into the water tank through the water outlet pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:

1. the device is a circulating system, the whole process can be displayed in front of students in a circulating and reciprocating mode, and memory of the students on the gravity dehydration process of the crude oil settling tank is enhanced.

2. In the sedimentation tank, the tank body is made of transparent organic glass, the process flow and the internal structure in the tank are clear and visible, and convenience is brought to teachers for explanation and students for observation and study.

3. According to the method, the opening of the regulating valve can realize flow regulation of oil and water, so that the dehydration effect of crude oil under different water contents can be conveniently researched; teaching experiment device installs on the workstation that has four brake universal wheels, and the removal and the fixed of the device of being convenient for, each part design becomes detachable, the dismantlement and the installation of the device of being convenient for.

4. The device in the disclosure has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, compact structure and small occupied area, enriches the teaching of teachers' experiments, simultaneously stimulates the learning interest of students in the related knowledge of crude oil treatment, and is helpful for deepening the understanding of the students on the internal structure and the working principle of the crude oil settling tank.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the present embodiments, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the present embodiments without unduly limiting the present embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a structural left side view of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a top view of the structure of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.

In the figure, 1-tank body; 2-an oil tank; 3-a water tank; 4-an oil collecting tank; 5-adjusting a water tank; 6-an oil pump; 7-a water pump; 8-oil pump oil inlet pipe; 9-water inlet pipe of water pump; 10-water outlet pipe of water pump; 11-an oil outlet pipe of an oil pump; 12-a mixer; 13-a liquid inlet pipe; 14-a central manifold; 15-liquid distribution pipe; 16-an oil outlet pipe; 17-a water collecting pipe; 18-a water outlet pipe; 19-a balance tube; 20-a support column; 21-universal wheels; 22-an upper carrier plate; 23-lower carrier plate; 24-an oil flow meter; 25-a water flow meter; 26-a valve; 27-crude oil water analyzer.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a gravity dehydration experiment teaching device, which includes an oil tank 2, a water tank 3, an oil pump 6, a water pump 7, a flow meter, a mixer 12, a crude oil settling tank, a valve 26, and the like; the crude oil settling tank is formed by reducing and properly simplifying the crude oil settling tank according to a certain proportion on site, and mainly comprises a tank body 1, a regulating water tank 5, a liquid inlet pipe 13, a central manifold 14, a liquid distribution pipe 15, an oil collecting tank 4, an oil outlet pipe 16, a water collecting pipe 17, a water outlet pipe 18 and the like.

In this embodiment, the liquid distribution tubes 15 are radially distributed; preferably, the number of the liquid distribution pipes is 6, and the bottom of the liquid distribution pipe 15 is provided with a round hole with the diameter gradually increasing from the center of the tank to the wall of the tank as a liquid distribution port, so that the flowing oil-water mixture is uniformly distributed along the section of the tank.

In this embodiment, the oil collecting tank 4 is in a ring shape and closely attached to the inner wall of the tank, which has a good oil collecting effect, the oil outlet pipe 16 is led out from the bottom of the oil collecting tank 4, and the crude oil overflowing into the oil collecting tank flows into the oil tank 2 through the oil outlet pipe.

The treated water flows into the regulating water tank 5 through the water receiving pipe 17 at the bottom of the crude oil settling tank, and then flows into the water tank 3 through the water outlet pipe 18 connected with the regulating water tank 5.

In the embodiment, the water collecting pipe 17 is positioned at the bottom of the crude oil sedimentation tank, and round holes with consistent sizes and uniform distribution are formed at the bottom of the water collecting pipe and are used as water inlets, so that the water recovery is ensured to be timely; the height of the oil-water interface in the crude oil settling tank can be adjusted by the adjusting mechanism in the adjusting water tank 5, so that the experiment flexibility and the experiment quality are improved.

The water content of the crude oil at the inlet of the settling tank can be calculated through the readings of flow meters on the oil pump outlet pipe 11 and the water pump outlet pipe 10, and can also be displayed through a crude oil water content analyzer 27 arranged behind the mixer 12; the water content of the crude oil at the outlet of the oil collecting tank can be obtained by sampling and testing and can also be obtained from a crude oil water content analyzer arranged on an oil outlet pipeline, so that the dehydration efficiency of the gravity dehydration experimental device can be calculated, and the dehydration effect of the crude oil under different water contents can be researched.

In this embodiment, liquid distribution pipe 15 is radial arrangement, and the liquid distribution mouth adopts along jar center to jar wall direction aperture crescent's downward round hole for the even injection tank body 1 of oil-water mixture has guaranteed the experimental effect.

In this embodiment, the oil collecting tank 4 is closely attached to the inner wall of the tank and is annular; the water collecting pipe 17 is positioned at the bottom of the tank, and the water outlet holes are round holes which are consistent in size and are uniformly distributed.

In this embodiment, the treated water flows into the adjusting water tank 5 through the water collecting pipe 17, and then flows into the water tank 3 through the water outlet pipe 18, and the experimental system is a circulating system.

In this embodiment, the tank body 1 is made of transparent organic glass, the valves 26 are installed on the pipelines, the oil flow meter 24 is installed on the oil pump oil outlet pipe 11, and the water flow meter 25 is installed on the water pump water outlet pipe 10.

In this embodiment, the experimental apparatus is installed on the workstation of the universal wheel that has the brake, the removal of the laboratory bench of being convenient for.

The working principle/process of the embodiment is as follows:

when the small-sized gravity dehydration experiment teaching device is started, oil flows from the oil tank 2, water flows from the water tank 3, and respectively flows through the oil pump oil inlet pipe 8 and the water pump water inlet pipe 9 to be pumped out by the oil pump 6 and the water pump 7, the oil and the water flow out from the pump and respectively flow through the oil pump oil outlet pipe 11 and the water pump water outlet pipe 10, and then the oil and the water flow into the central collecting pipe 14 of the crude oil settling tank through the liquid inlet pipe 13 after being mixed by the mixer 12 and flow into the settling tank through the liquid distribution pipe 15. When the oil-water mixture passes upward through the water layer, free water and water drops with larger particle sizes in the crude oil are merged into the water layer due to the water washing effect, and the water washing process is ended at an oil-water interface. Because part of water in the crude oil is separated, the flow speed of the crude oil flowing upwards from the oil-water interface is reduced, and the sedimentation of water drops with smaller particle sizes in the crude oil is facilitated; the settled and separated crude oil is discharged into the oil tank 2 through the oil outlet pipe 16 by the oil collecting tank 4; the separated water is pressed into the adjusting water tank 5 by the water collecting pipe 17 under the action of the liquid pressure in the tank, and then flows into the water tank 3 through the water outlet pipe 18.

Example 2:

the embodiment provides a gravity dehydration experiment teaching method, which adopts the gravity dehydration experiment teaching device as described in embodiment 1, and includes the following contents:

oil is pumped out from the oil tank 2, water is pumped out from the water tank 3, and is respectively pumped out by the oil pump 6 and the water pump 7 through the oil pump oil inlet pipe 8 and the water pump water inlet pipe 9, the oil and the water flow out from the pump and respectively pass through the oil pump oil outlet pipe 11 and the water pump water outlet pipe 10, and then the oil and the water are mixed in the mixer 12 and flow into the central collecting pipe 14 of the crude oil settling tank through the liquid inlet pipe 13, and flow into the settling tank through the liquid distribution pipe 15;

under the action of water washing and gravity settling, the water content of the crude oil at the upper layer is greatly reduced.

The settled and separated crude oil is discharged into the oil tank 2 through the oil outlet pipe 16 by the oil collecting tank 4; the separated water is pressed into the adjusting water tank 5 by the water collecting pipe 17 under the action of the liquid pressure in the tank, and then flows into the water tank 3 through the water outlet pipe 18.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present embodiment should be included in the protection scope of the present embodiment.