阅读说明：本技术 一种斜盘式变量轴向柱塞泵的变量控制特性工况模拟实时检测系统及方法 (Variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system and method for swash plate type variable axial plunger pump ) 是由 张斌 赵春晓 洪昊岑 程国赞 杨华勇 于 2020-06-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出一种斜盘式变量轴向柱塞泵的变量控制特性工况模拟实时检测系统及方法。检测系统包括被测泵和模型泵两部分,被测泵的活塞腔内安装柱塞压力传感器、斜盘上安装角位移传感器,变量活塞腔内安装油液压力传感器；模型泵与被测泵在结构和尺寸上相同,各部件的安装位置也相同,模型泵以电动推杆组代替被测泵的被测泵柱塞。被测泵出油口安装先导阀,用于调节进入被测泵和模型泵变量活塞的流量。通过被测泵斜盘的角位移反馈被测泵的输出流量,通过不断调节电动推杆的推力以模拟被测泵内对应位置柱塞受油液的压力,使得模型泵的斜盘所处工况能够有效的模拟被测泵斜盘的实际工况特性,进而实现对整泵变量过程的工况模拟。(The invention provides a variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system and method for a swash plate type variable axial plunger pump. The detection system comprises a tested pump and a model pump, wherein a piston cavity of the tested pump is internally provided with a plunger pressure sensor, an inclined disc is internally provided with an angular displacement sensor, and a variable piston cavity is internally provided with an oil pressure sensor; the model pump and the tested pump are identical in structure and size, the installation positions of all parts are also identical, and the model pump replaces the tested pump plunger of the tested pump with the electric push rod group. And the oil outlet of the pump to be measured is provided with a pilot valve which is used for adjusting the flow entering the variable piston of the pump to be measured and the model pump. The output flow of the pump to be tested is fed back through the angular displacement of the swash plate of the pump to be tested, and the thrust of the electric push rod is continuously adjusted to simulate the pressure of oil on the corresponding position plunger in the pump to be tested, so that the working condition of the swash plate of the model pump can effectively simulate the actual working condition characteristics of the swash plate of the pump to be tested, and further the working condition simulation of the variable process of the whole pump is realized.)

1. A variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of a swash plate type variable axial plunger pump is characterized by comprising a pump to be detected, a model pump, a controller and a pilot valve;

the pump to be tested comprises a main shaft of the pump to be tested, an oil outlet of the pump to be tested, an end cover of the pump to be tested, a pump shell of the pump to be tested, a variable piston of the pump to be tested, an angular displacement sensor of the pump to be tested, a plunger of the pump to be tested, a swash plate of the pump to be tested, a return spring of the pump to be tested and a pressure sensor of the plunger of the pump to be tested; a measured pump plunger pressure sensor is installed at the bottom dead center of a plunger cavity of the measured pump, a measured pump angular displacement sensor is installed on a swash plate of the measured pump, an oil pressure sensor is installed in a variable piston cavity, and the measured pump plunger pressure sensor, the measured pump angular displacement sensor and the measured pump oil pressure sensor are respectively connected with a controller;

the model pump comprises a model pump angular displacement sensor, a model pump return spring, an electric push rod, a model pump swash plate, a model pump contact force sensor, a model pump variable piston, a model pump end cover and a model pump shell; the swash plate and the variable piston of the model pump respectively have the same structure and size as those of the swash plate and the variable piston of the pump to be tested, each part on the model pump and the corresponding part on the pump to be tested adopt the same arrangement mode, and the distribution circle radius of the position of the corresponding part is consistent; the electric push rods are arranged on the end cover of the model pump, the push-out sides of the electric push rods are tightly attached to the swash plates of the model pump, a model pump contact force sensor is arranged between each electric push rod and the swash plate of the model pump, a model pump angular displacement sensor is arranged on the swash plate of the model pump, an oil pressure sensor is arranged in the variable piston cavity, and the model pump contact force sensor, the model pump angular displacement sensor and the model pump oil pressure sensor are respectively connected with the controller;

the outlet of the pilot valve is respectively connected with the variable piston of the model pump and the variable piston of the measured pump.

2. The variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of the swash plate type axial variable plunger pump according to claim 1, wherein the pump to be detected is a swash plate type axial variable plunger pump, the model pump is installed on a main shaft of the pump to be detected, and an end cover of the pump to be detected is closely attached to an end cover of the model pump; the tested pump and the corresponding parts on the model pump adopt a mirror symmetry arrangement mode.

3. The variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of the swash plate type axial variable plunger pump according to claim 1, wherein the model pump further comprises a model pump main shaft, the model pump and the measured pump are mutually independent, and the pilot valves are respectively connected with a model pump variable piston and a measured pump variable piston; the model pump main shaft and the tested pump main shaft rotate synchronously.

4. The variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of the swash plate type axial variable plunger pump according to claim 1, wherein a pump shell of the model pump is made of transparent materials.

5. The system for real-time simulation of variable control characteristic working conditions of the swash plate type axial variable plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the number of the model pump variable pistons is the same as that of the measured pump variable pistons.

6. The system for real-time simulation of the variable control characteristic working conditions of the swash plate type axial variable plunger pump according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the number of the electric push rods is the same as that of the plungers of the pump to be tested, the arrangement of the electric push rods on the model pump end cover is the same as that of the plungers of the pump to be tested on the pump end cover, and the distribution circle radius of the arrangement positions is the same.

7. A method for simulating real-time detection of the variable control characteristic working condition of the detection system according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:

the tested pump and the model pump rotate synchronously; the pump outlet pressure Y of the measured pump is measured by the measured pump oil pressure sensor and the model pump oil pressure sensor₁And model Pump Outlet pressure Y₂Adjusting pilot valve to Y₁＝Y₂Ensuring that the tested pump and the model pump are under the same oil pressure when the test is started;

after the outlet oil of the pump to be tested flows through the pilot valve, the outlet oil is respectively connected to the variable piston of the pump to be tested and the variable piston of the model pump, and the flow rates of the outlet oil flowing into the two variable pistons are equal by controlling the pilot valve, so that the inclination angles of the swash plate of the model pump and the swash plate of the pump to be tested are consistent;

the plunger pressure Pi and the tilting tray angle α of each pump plunger to be tested are measured by a pump plunger pressure sensor to be tested and a pump angular displacement sensor to be tested₁Wherein i is the number of the tested pump plungers; the pressure Pi of the plunger piston changes in real time along with the rotation of the main shaft of the pump to be tested; the pressure data is sent to the controller in real time; because the electric push rod does not rotate, the measured pump plunger rotates in real time, the same position on the measured pump distribution circle is taken as the virtual position of each electric push rod according to the position of the electric push rod on the model pump distribution circle, and the virtual position data is input into the controller; the controller selects the pressure values of two tested pump plungers closest to the virtual position of each electric push rod in real time, and calculates the corresponding pressure value at the virtual position of each electric push rod in proportion according to the angle value of the virtual position of each electric push rod from the two adjacent tested pump plungers on the distribution circle, namely the pressure value P required to be balanced by each electric push rod_{i in}Finally according to formula F_i＝P_{i in}A outputs the thrust value Fi required to be applied by each electric push rod, wherein A is the sectional area of the electric push rod, the electric push rod acts on the model pump swash plate, the thrust Ti of each electric push rod to the model pump swash plate and the swash plate inclination angle α of the model pump are measured by the model pump contact force sensor and the model pump angular displacement sensor₂；

The measured push rod pressure Ti and the tilting tray angle α of the model pump are measured₂Feeding back to the controller; the controller calculates the difference between the push rod pressure Ti and the plunger pressure Pi of the pump plunger to be tested, then a pressure deviation signal is formed, and the controller adjusts the thrust Fi applied to the push rod according to the pressure deviation signal;

the controller calculates the swash plate angle α of the model pump₂Angle α of inclination with the swash plate of the pump being tested₁Then forming an angle deviation signal, and adjusting the flow rate flowing into the measured pump variable piston and the model pump variable piston by the controller according to the angle deviation signal;

when the inclination angle α of the swash plate of the pump to be tested₁Keep stable and unchangedAt the same time, the inclination angle α of the model pump swash plate is measured by the angular displacement sensor on the model pump swash plate₂Namely the inclination angle of the swash plate in the running state of the pump to be tested; the working condition simulation of the real variable control characteristics of the pump to be measured can be realized by observing the working conditions of all parts of the model pump and displaying the parameters of the sensor.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a hydraulic element detection technology, in particular to a variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system and method for a swash plate type variable axial plunger pump.

Background

The axial plunger pump provides a power source for a hydraulic system, is one of the most critical power elements in the hydraulic field, and has the working principle that the volume of a sealed working cavity is changed through the reciprocating motion of a plunger in a cylinder body, so that the oil suction and discharge processes are realized. Because of the advantages of simple structure, high power density, low noise, high efficiency, self-absorption capability and the like, the self-absorption type hydraulic transmission device is widely applied to machines such as machine tool forging and pressing, metallurgy, engineering, mines, ships and the like and other hydraulic transmission systems.

The axial plunger pump changes the size and the direction of the inclination angle of the swash plate through the variable mechanism, controls the size of the reciprocating stroke of the plunger piston and further adjusts the output flow. The inclination angle of the swash plate is automatically adjusted through dynamic balance of preset spring force and hydraulic pressure generated by output oil, but the swash plate is not only influenced by the acting force of a variable spring and a plunger, but also influenced by the acting moment of the plunger and the vibration of a sliding shoe, and the moment changes continuously along with the rotation of the axial plunger pump, so that the variable characteristic of the axial plunger pump is influenced. The working condition of the variable process of the axial plunger pump is simulated, and the inclination angle of the swash plate is accurately measured in real time, so that the research on the real variable characteristic of the axial plunger pump is facilitated. Therefore, it is very important to develop a real-time working condition simulation detection system for the real variable control characteristics of the axial plunger pump.

The existing method is to directly install an angular displacement sensor on a swash plate in a pump to measure the inclination angle of the swash plate, but the swash plate is interfered by the moment of action of a plunger and intermittent vibration of a sliding shoe when moving in a pump body, and the sudden change of a measured value can occur due to the interference of the moment and the vibration in the measuring process, so that the inclination angle value of the swash plate can not be continuously and accurately measured. And due to the shielding of the pump shell, the real variable process in the pump body cannot be observed intuitively and accurately.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system and method of a swash plate type variable axial plunger pump.

The invention discloses a variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of a swash plate type variable axial plunger pump, which comprises a model pump, a pump to be detected, a controller and a pilot valve, wherein the model pump is connected with the controller;

the pump to be tested comprises a main shaft of the pump to be tested, an oil outlet of the pump to be tested, an end cover of the pump to be tested, a pump shell of the pump to be tested, a variable piston of the pump to be tested, an angular displacement sensor of the pump to be tested, a plunger of the pump to be tested, a swash plate of the pump to be tested, a return spring of the pump to be tested and a pressure sensor of the plunger of the pump to be tested; a measured pump plunger pressure sensor is installed at the bottom dead center of a plunger cavity of the measured pump, a measured pump angular displacement sensor is installed on a swash plate of the measured pump, an oil pressure sensor is installed in a variable piston cavity, and the measured pump plunger pressure sensor, the measured pump angular displacement sensor and the measured pump oil pressure sensor are respectively connected with a controller;

the model pump comprises a model pump angular displacement sensor, a model pump return spring, an electric push rod, a model pump swash plate, a model pump contact force sensor, a model pump variable piston, a model pump end cover and a model pump shell; the swash plate and the variable piston of the model pump respectively have the same structure and size as those of the swash plate and the variable piston of the pump to be tested, each part on the model pump and the corresponding part on the pump to be tested adopt the same arrangement mode, and the distribution circle radius of the position of the corresponding part is consistent; the electric push rods are arranged on the end cover of the model pump, the push-out sides of the electric push rods are tightly attached to the swash plates of the model pump, a model pump contact force sensor is arranged between each electric push rod and the swash plate of the model pump, a model pump angular displacement sensor is arranged on the swash plate of the model pump, an oil pressure sensor is arranged in the variable piston cavity, and the model pump contact force sensor, the model pump angular displacement sensor and the model pump oil pressure sensor are respectively connected with the controller;

the outlet of the pilot valve is respectively connected with the variable piston of the model pump and the variable piston of the measured pump.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the tested pump is a swash plate type axial variable plunger pump, the model pump is arranged on a main shaft of the tested pump, and an end cover of the tested pump is arranged in a manner of being clung to an end cover of the model pump; the tested pump and the corresponding parts on the model pump adopt a mirror symmetry arrangement mode.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, the model pump further comprises a model pump main shaft, the model pump and the measured pump are mutually independent, and the pilot valve is respectively connected with the model pump variable piston and the measured pump variable piston; the model pump main shaft and the tested pump main shaft rotate synchronously.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pump casing of the model pump is made of a transparent material.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the model pump variable pistons is the same as the number of the measured pump variable pistons.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the number of the electric push rods is the same as that of the tested pump plungers, the arrangement mode of the electric push rods on the model pump end cover is the same as that of the tested pump plungers on the tested pump end cover, and the distribution circle radius of the arrangement positions is consistent.

The invention also discloses a test method of the test system, which comprises the following steps:

the tested pump and the model pump rotate synchronously; the pump outlet pressure Y of the measured pump is measured by the measured pump oil pressure sensor and the model pump oil pressure sensor₁And model Pump Outlet pressure Y₂Adjusting pilot valve to Y₁＝Y₂Ensuring that the tested pump and the model pump are under the same oil pressure when the test is started;

after the outlet oil of the pump to be tested flows through the pilot valve, the outlet oil is respectively connected to the variable piston of the pump to be tested and the variable piston of the model pump, and the flow rates of the outlet oil flowing into the two variable pistons are equal by controlling the pilot valve, so that the inclination angles of the swash plate of the model pump and the swash plate of the pump to be tested are consistent;

the plunger pressure Pi and the tilting tray angle α of each pump plunger to be tested are measured by a pump plunger pressure sensor to be tested and a pump angular displacement sensor to be tested₁Wherein i is the number of the tested pump plungers; the pressure Pi of the plunger piston changes in real time along with the rotation of the main shaft of the pump to be tested; the pressure data is sent to the controller in real time; because the electric push rod does not rotate, the measured pump plunger rotates in real time, the same position on the measured pump distribution circle is taken as the virtual position of each electric push rod according to the position of the electric push rod on the model pump distribution circle, and the virtual position data is input into the controller; the controller selects the pressure values of two tested pump plungers closest to the virtual position of each electric push rod in real time, and calculates the corresponding pressure value at the virtual position of each electric push rod in proportion according to the angle value of the virtual position of each electric push rod from the two adjacent tested pump plungers on the distribution circle, namely the pressure value P required to be balanced by each electric push rod_{i in}Finally according to formula F_i＝P_{i in}A outputs the thrust value Fi required to be applied by each electric push rod, wherein A is the sectional area of the electric push rod, the electric push rod acts on the model pump swash plate, the thrust Ti of each electric push rod to the model pump swash plate and the swash plate inclination angle α of the model pump are measured by the model pump contact force sensor and the model pump angular displacement sensor₂；

The measured push rod pressure Ti and the tilting tray angle α of the model pump are measured₂Feeding back to the controller; the controller calculates the difference between the push rod pressure Ti and the plunger pressure Pi of the pump plunger to be tested, then a pressure deviation signal is formed, and the controller adjusts the thrust Fi applied to the push rod according to the pressure deviation signal;

the controller calculates the swash plate angle α of the model pump₂Angle α of inclination with the swash plate of the pump being tested₁Then forming an angle deviation signal, and adjusting the flow rate flowing into the measured pump variable piston and the model pump variable piston by the controller according to the angle deviation signal;

when being testedInclination angle α of pump swash plate₁When the model pump is kept stable and unchanged, the inclination angle α of the model pump swash plate is measured by the angular displacement sensor on the model pump swash plate₂Namely the inclination angle of the swash plate in the running state of the pump to be tested; the working condition simulation of the real variable control characteristics of the pump to be measured can be realized by observing the working conditions of all parts of the model pump and displaying the parameters of the sensor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention adopts the technical means of independently reproducing the motion of the swash plate from the pump body, avoids the interference caused by the leakage of the slipper pair and the collision with the swash plate when the detection is directly carried out in the pump to be detected, and reduces the noise of the detection.

2. The invention adopts the technical means of simulating the movement of the plunger by the electric push rod, overcomes the vibration interference caused by flow pulsation when the swash plate is transited between the high-pressure oil area and the low-pressure oil area during rotation, and simultaneously compensates the thrust action of the plunger in the actual pump to be tested on the swash plate by the electric push rod, so that the dynamic characteristic detection is more accurate.

3. According to the invention, by constructing the model pump and simultaneously using the transparent model pump shell, the action of the swash plate in the tested pump is visualized, and the motion state of the swash plate in the pump body can be visually observed.

4. Compared with the traditional flow field visualization method, the pump body structure of the tested pump is not damaged, so that the model pump can work under a high-pressure working condition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of a swash plate type variable axial plunger pump in an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of a through shaft type swash plate type axial variable plunger pump in the embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a detection schematic block diagram of the variable control characteristic working condition simulation real-time detection system of the universal shaft type and swash plate type axial variable plunger pump of the invention.

In the figure: the device comprises an oil tank (1), a pilot valve (2), a controller (3), a model pump end cover (4), a model pump oil liquid pressure sensor (5), a model pump variable piston (6), a model pump angular displacement sensor (7), a model pump contact force sensor (8), a model pump swash plate (9), an electric push rod (10), a model pump main shaft (11), a model pump return spring (12), a model pump case (13), a measured pump oil liquid pressure sensor (14), a measured pump variable piston (15), a measured pump angular displacement sensor (16), a measured pump swash plate (17), a measured pump main shaft (18), a measured pump case (19), a measured pump plunger (20), a measured pump plunger pressure sensor (21), a measured pump return spring (22), a measured pump oil outlet (23), a measured pump end cover (24) and an end cover connecting plate (25).

Detailed Description

The invention, which is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.