阅读说明：本技术 一种多通道弯晶成像系统及其装调方法 (Multichannel curved crystal imaging system and adjustment method thereof ) 是由 穆宝忠 蒋成龙 徐捷 王新 于 2020-07-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种多通道弯晶成像系统及其装调方法,成像系统包括弯晶组件、模拟定位物点、通道底板、底座、碎片防护组件和像面指示激光,弯晶组件对称装载于通道底板上,模拟定位物点通过滑块从通道底座后端延伸至理想物点位置,碎片防护组件设有滤片窗口,多路像面指示激光指示理想像面,首先装调模拟定位物点位于一精密转台中心轴线上,通过X射线成像实验,控制弯晶组件工作表面向轴线倾斜特定角度和距离,使得各通道成像分辨率最高,弯晶响应能点符合设计要求,且像点准确分布于分幅相机微带上,最后固化弯晶组件,用激光指示像面。与现有技术相比,本发明具有可靠性好、结构简单、装调精度高等优点。(The invention relates to a multichannel curved crystal imaging system and a mounting method thereof, wherein the imaging system comprises a curved crystal assembly, a simulated positioning object point, a channel bottom plate, a base, a fragment protection assembly and image surface indicating laser, the curved crystal assembly is symmetrically loaded on the channel bottom plate, the simulated positioning object point extends from the rear end of the channel base to the position of an ideal object point through a slide block, the fragment protection assembly is provided with a filter window, and a plurality of image surfaces indicate the ideal image surface by the laser. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of good reliability, simple structure, high installation and adjustment precision and the like.)

1. A multi-channel curved crystal imaging system is characterized by comprising a curved crystal assembly, a simulation positioning object point, a base, a channel bottom plate, a fragment protection assembly and image surface indication laser, the channel bottom plate is arranged on the base, the crystal bending assemblies are symmetrically loaded on the channel bottom plate, the simulation positioning object point extends from the rear end of the base to the position of an ideal object point through a sliding block, the debris protection assembly and the image plane indicating laser are loaded on the channel bottom plate, the fragment protection component is provided with a fragment protection shell, the fragment protection shell is provided with a plurality of fragment protection windows and laser light-emitting holes, the chip protection window is internally provided with a plurality of groups of filter discs, a plurality of paths of image surface indicating lasers penetrate through laser light outlet holes in the chip protection shell to emit laser indicating ideal image surfaces, and the curved crystal assembly and the chip protection assembly are arranged on the channel bottom plate independently.

2. The multi-channel curved crystal imaging system of claim 1, wherein the curved crystal assembly comprises a crystal, a crystal box and a crystal outer frame, the bottom of the crystal box is provided with a connector mounting hole for adjusting the posture of the crystal, and a preset adjustment margin is preset between the crystal box and the crystal outer frame.

3. The multi-channel curved crystal imaging system of claim 2, wherein the rocking curve of the crystal of the curved crystal component is determined by actual measurement of an X-ray diffractometer for determining the initial assembly tilt angle and the adjustment margin of the single-channel curved crystal component.

4. The multi-channel curved crystal imaging system of claim 1, wherein the debris guard assembly and the curved crystal assembly are independent of each other, and the aperture of the laser exit aperture of the imaging system is changed by changing the size of the filter of the debris guard assembly, thereby adjusting the resolution and spectral acceptance of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system.

5. A method of assembling a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising the steps of:

1) fixing a lifting platform at one side of an optical platform, and assembling a simulation positioning object point, an optical aiming lens, a square mesh, an X-ray light source and an image plane detection CCD on the optical platform;

2) installing and adjusting the simulated positioning object point on the central axis of the precise turntable to ensure that the object distance is a proper value and the spatial position of the object point is locked;

3) and controlling the working surface of the crystal bending assembly to incline to a specific angle and distance towards the axis by adopting an X-ray imaging experiment method, so that the imaging resolution of each channel is highest, the response energy points of the crystal bending assembly meet the design requirements, the image points are accurately distributed on the micro-strip of the framing camera, finally, the crystal bending assembly is solidified, and the image plane center is indicated by adopting image plane indicating laser.

6. The method for adjusting the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system according to claim 5, wherein the specific content of the step 2) is as follows:

the multichannel curved crystal imaging system with the simulated positioning object point is integrally fixed on a precision rotary table, the multichannel curved crystal imaging system is enabled to rotate along with the precision rotary table, under the observation of an aiming lens, the space position of the simulated positioning object point is gradually changed by utilizing a jackscrew until the simulated positioning object point is basically fixed in the observation lens, at the moment, the simulated positioning object point is superposed with a rotating shaft of the precision rotary table, and the simulated positioning object point is taken down after the position of the simulated positioning object point is recorded.

7. The method for assembling a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system according to claim 5, wherein the step 3) comprises the following steps:

31) in the initial structure design of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system, the central point of the curved crystal surface is set as A, the point of a micro-strip of a framing camera is set as B, the normal line pointing point of the curved crystal surface is set as C, and the light source is set as O; introducing a distribution radius R and a centripetal inclination angle beta at the center of the curved crystal reflecting surface, wherein R is the distance from an axis to the center of a curved crystal working surface, beta is the included angle between the normal AC of a point A at the center of the working reflecting surface and the axis OC, and the following mathematical relational expressions are satisfied among the distribution radius R, the centripetal inclination angle beta, the microscope magnification M, the included angle alpha between a curved crystal incident light ray OA and a reflected light ray AB, the object distance p, the Bragg angle theta of the crystal, the central energy point E, the distance d between an image point and the axis OC, the energy difference delta E and the image point deviation delta d:

R＝p sin(β+α/2)

q sin(β-α/2)-p sin(β+α/2)＝d

32) clamping a square mesh on an optical platform, enabling the center of the square mesh to coincide with a pixel position, completing the replacement operation of a simulated positioning object point, tightly attaching an X-ray light source behind the square mesh, and simulating the self-luminous imaging of the square mesh;

33) rotating the precision rotary table, adjusting one channel of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system to be horizontal, turning on an X-ray light source and an image plane detection CCD, performing an X-ray imaging experiment, finely adjusting the curved crystal posture to enable the resolution of meshes of the image plane to meet the design requirement, fixing the adjusted curved crystal on the inner wall of the channel through a jackscrew to ensure that the curved crystal posture is not deviated, dispensing and curing the periphery of the crystal, and separating the crystal and an adjusting part after the crystal is completely solidified;

34) repeating the step 33), rotating the next channel to be horizontal, and adjusting the curved crystal posture to enable the distance between the image surface center of the channel mesh in the image surface detection CCD and the image surface detection CCD center to be a design value and enable the image surface mesh to have the best definition;

35) and if all the channels are completely assembled, installing image surface indicating laser, and assembling the analog positioning object point when the light spot is superposed with the center of the image surface detection CCD to finish the assembling work of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system.

8. The assembly and adjustment method of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system according to claim 7, wherein the square mesh is fixed on the optical platform through an adjustment frame, the optical sighting lens is fixed on the optical platform through the adjustment frame, and the curved crystal assembly adjusts the curved crystal attitude through an electrically controlled six-axis adjustment frame.

9. The method for assembling and adjusting a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system according to claim 8, wherein in step 33), the curved crystal attitude is finely adjusted, and the specific operation contents for enabling the image plane mesh resolution to meet the design requirements are as follows:

the crystal and the crystal box of the curved crystal assembly are loaded on the adapter, the other end of the adapter is connected with the electronic control six-axis adjusting frame, the crystal working face is overlapped with the vertical central axis of the six-axis adjusting frame, then the crystal box is pushed into the crystal outer frame, the angle adjustment is completed, the distance between the image plane center of the square mesh and the image plane detection CCD center accords with the design value, the image plane hole distance of the square mesh accords with the system magnification requirement, the imaging is clearest, and the center position of the mesh at the moment is recorded.

10. The method for adjusting a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system according to claim 5, wherein the analog positioning object point is adjustable up and down and left and right through a positioning screw hole structure.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of assembling and adjusting an X-ray optical system for plasma diagnosis, in particular to a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system and an assembling and adjusting method thereof.

Background

Curved crystal microscopic imaging is one of the ways of carrying out high-temperature plasma X-ray diagnosis in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF), and has the characteristics of high spatial resolution, high energy spectrum resolution and large light collection solid angle. The evolution behaviors of high-temperature plasmas at different moments in a two-dimensional direction can be obtained by a multi-channel integration means in cooperation with an X-ray fluorescence imaging technology and a time-resolved framing camera, and the motion rule of complex fluid under extreme conditions is revealed. The method has the advantages of follow-up, local area, specificity and the like, and has wide application in inertial confinement fusion and laboratory celestial body physical research.

The difficulty in developing a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system mainly comprises two aspects: on one hand, the curved crystal imaging system has small field of view and small depth of field, so that the aiming positioning precision of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system on an object point at least needs to reach the hundred-micron level, and the positioning deviation of the curved crystal needs to be within 5-degree, so that the imaging index with high spatial resolution can be realized; on the other hand, the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system needs to accurately control the image point position of each channel under a longer working distance to be matched with the micro-strip of the framing camera, so that higher requirements are made on the precision of curved crystal adjustment. In addition, the curved crystal imaging is based on the Bragg diffraction condition, and a certain deviation exists between the diffraction crystal face and the actual surface of the curved crystal in the processing process, so that the curved crystal cannot be adjusted through the traditional optical adjusting mode such as visible light and the like, and only can be adjusted through X-rays, but the traditional X-ray adjusting mode cannot meet the adjusting mode of a multi-channel system and cannot solve the problem of common view field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system and an assembling and adjusting method thereof.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system comprises a curved crystal assembly, a simulation positioning object point, a base, a channel bottom plate, a fragment protection assembly and image surface indication laser, the channel bottom plate is arranged on the base, the crystal bending assemblies are symmetrically loaded on the channel bottom plate, the simulation positioning object point extends from the rear end of the base to the position of an ideal object point through a sliding block, the debris protection assembly and the image plane indicating laser are loaded on the channel bottom plate, the fragment protection component is provided with a fragment protection shell, the fragment protection shell is provided with a plurality of fragment protection windows and laser light-emitting holes, the chip protection window is internally provided with a plurality of groups of filter discs, a plurality of paths of image surface indicating lasers penetrate through laser light outlet holes in the chip protection shell to emit laser indicating ideal image surfaces, and the curved crystal assembly and the chip protection assembly are arranged on the channel bottom plate independently.

The crystal bending assembly comprises a crystal, a crystal box and a crystal outer frame, wherein a connector mounting hole used for adjusting the posture of the crystal is formed in the bottom of the crystal box, and the crystal outer frame are preset with adjusting allowance. The swing curve of the crystal of the bent crystal component is determined by the actual measurement of an X-ray diffractometer and is used for determining the initial assembly inclination angle and the assembly and adjustment allowance of the single-channel bent crystal component.

The fragment protection assembly and the curved crystal assembly are mutually independent, the aperture of a laser light outlet hole of the imaging system is changed by changing the size of a filter disc of the fragment protection assembly, and the resolution and the spectral acceptance of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system are further adjusted.

A method for adjusting a multi-channel curved crystal imaging system comprises the following steps:

step one, fixing a lifting platform on one side of an optical platform, and assembling a simulation positioning object point, an optical aiming lens, a square mesh, an X-ray light source and an image surface detection CCD on the optical platform.

And step two, installing and adjusting the simulation positioning object point on the central axis of the precision turntable, so that the object distance is a proper value, and locking the space position of the object point. Specifically, the multichannel curved crystal imaging system with the simulated positioning object point is integrally fixed on a precision turntable, the multichannel curved crystal imaging system is enabled to rotate along with the precision turntable, under the observation of an aiming lens, the space position of the simulated positioning object point is gradually changed by using a jackscrew until the simulated positioning object point is basically fixed in an observation lens, at the moment, the simulated positioning object point is superposed with a rotating shaft of the precision turntable, and the simulated positioning object point is taken down after the position of the simulated positioning object point is recorded.

And step three, controlling the working surface of the crystal bending assembly to incline to the axis at a specific angle and distance by adopting an X-ray imaging experiment method, enabling the imaging resolution of each channel to be highest, enabling response energy points of the crystal bending assembly to meet design requirements, accurately distributing image points on the micro-belts of the framing camera, finally curing the crystal bending assembly, and indicating the center of the image plane by adopting image plane indicating laser.

The specific operation steps are as follows:

3.1) in the initial structure design of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system, setting the central point of the curved crystal surface as A, the point of a micro-strip of a framing camera as B, the normal pointing point of the curved crystal surface as C, and the light source as O; introducing a distribution radius R and a centripetal inclination angle beta at the center of the curved crystal reflecting surface, wherein R is the distance from an axis to the center of a curved crystal working surface, beta is the included angle between the normal AC of a point A at the center of the working reflecting surface and the axis OC, and the following mathematical relational expressions are satisfied among the distribution radius R, the centripetal inclination angle beta, the microscope magnification M, the included angle alpha between a curved crystal incident light ray OA and a reflected light ray AB, the object distance p, the Bragg angle theta of the crystal, the central energy point E, the distance d between an image point and the axis OC, the energy difference delta E and the image point deviation delta d:

R＝p sin(β+α/2)

q sin(β-α/2)-p sin(β+α/2)＝d

3.2) clamping the square mesh on the optical platform to enable the center of the square mesh to coincide with the pixel position, finishing the replacement operation of the simulated positioning object point, tightly attaching the X-ray light source behind the square mesh, and simulating the self-luminous imaging of the square mesh;

3.3) rotating the precision rotary table, adjusting one channel of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system to be horizontal, opening an X-ray light source and an image plane detection CCD, carrying out an X-ray imaging experiment, finely adjusting the curved crystal posture to enable the resolution of meshes of the image plane to meet the design requirement, then fixing the adjusted curved crystal on the inner wall of the channel through a jackscrew to ensure that the curved crystal posture is not deviated, dispensing and curing the periphery of the crystal, and separating the crystal and an adjusting piece after the crystal is completely solidified;

this step is through the curved brilliant gesture of automatically controlled six-axis adjusting bracket regulation, through loading the crystal and the crystal box of the brilliant subassembly that bend on the adaptor, the other end of adaptor is connected automatically controlled six-axis adjusting bracket, makes the coincidence of crystal working face and the vertical axis of six-axis adjusting bracket, pushes away the crystal frame with the crystal box afterwards, accomplishes the angle dress and transfers, the image plane center and the image plane of square mesh are surveyed CCD central distance and are accorded with the design value, the image plane hole interval of square mesh accords with the magnification requirement of system, and images the clearest, and the record mesh central point puts this moment.

3.4) repeating the step 3.3), rotating the next channel to be horizontal, and adjusting the curved crystal posture to enable the distance between the central image point of the channel mesh in the image plane detection CCD and the image plane center of the image plane detection CCD to be a design value and the definition of the image plane mesh to be optimal;

and 3.5) if all the channels are completely assembled, installing image surface indicating laser, and assembling back the analog positioning object point when the light spot is superposed on the center of the image surface detection CCD to finish the assembling and adjusting work of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system.

Furthermore, the square mesh is fixed on the optical platform through an adjusting frame, the optical aiming lens is fixed on the optical platform through the adjusting frame, and the adjusting frame can adopt a manual or electric control three-dimensional adjusting frame.

Furthermore, the simulation positioning object point is adjustable up and down and left and right through a positioning screw hole structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, the system has high installation and adjustment precision: according to the invention, the bent crystal posture is subjected to fine adjustment of six dimensions (three angle quantities and three translation quantities) through a direct X-ray imaging experiment, so that the optimal object-image relationship can be found; the spatial position of an object point is determined firstly, and then the assembly idea of rotational symmetry around the coaxial axis of the object point is adopted, so that the height of a multi-channel curved crystal imaging result is controllable, and the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system is matched with a framing camera to perform time-resolved imaging results with higher reliability.

Secondly, the structure is simple: the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system is adaptive to a domestic ICF diagnosis platform, the self object-image relationship is fixed after the system is assembled, the multi-channel laser is used as image point indication, the curved crystal assembly and the fragment protection assembly are independent, only the filter disc in the fragment protection window needs to be replaced after each target shooting is finished, the posture of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system does not need to be adjusted again, and the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system is durable;

thirdly, the cost is low: the precision rotary table and the adjusting frame adopted by the invention have mature products in the field of industrial automation, and the purchase cost is low;

fourthly, the optical element processing difficulty is low, and the assembly precision is high: in the process of processing the bent crystal, errors between the crystal surface and the crystal face are difficult to avoid, and in addition, the crystal surface is not plane, so that the uncertainty of the laser assembly mode is large.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical structure of a conventional multi-channel curved crystal imaging system in an embodiment;

A. bending the center of the surface of the crystal; B. the framing camera is a microstrip, C is a normal line pointing point of the curved crystal surface, and O is a light source;

fig. 2 is a diagram of the installation, adjustment and arrangement of the multi-channel curved crystal imaging system in the embodiment, and the numbers in the diagram are as follows:

1. simulating and positioning an object point; 2. an X-ray light source; 3. a dual-optical path optical sighting lens; 4. a lifting platform; 5. a precision turntable; 6. a helium gas conduit; 7. detecting an image surface by using a CCD; 8. square mesh; 9. an adjusting frame; 10. an electric control six-axis adjusting frame; 11. an optical platform; 12. a crystal bending assembly 13 and a mechanical plate; 14. a fixed axis laser;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front-end host of the four-channel curved-crystal imaging system in the embodiment, where the symbols in the diagram are as follows:

1. simulating and positioning an object point; 23. positioning the screw hole; 14. a debris shielding window; 15. a debris protective housing; 16. image surface indication laser; 17. a slide rail; 18. a base adapter; 19. a base; 20. a slider; 21. a channel floor; 22. a laser light-emitting hole;

fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating processing requirements of a curved-crystal component of the four-channel multi-channel curved-crystal imaging system in the embodiment, where the drawing shows the reference numerals: 121. a crystal box; 122. a crystal outer frame; 123. a crystal;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the attitude of the fine tuning crystal of the electric control turntable in the embodiment, wherein the diagram is marked as follows: 121. a crystal box; 123. a crystal; 24. an adapter; 10. an electric control six-axis adjusting frame; 25. a central axis.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of helium pipeline processing requirements for a four-channel multi-channel curved crystal imaging system in an embodiment; the reference numbers in the figures indicate: 61. an air outlet valve; 62. an intake valve; 63. a light inlet hole; 64. and a reflective aperture.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.