阅读说明：本技术 大直径钨棒材退火装置及退火工艺 (Annealing device and annealing process for large-diameter tungsten bar ) 是由 李猛 李猛进 张海坡 袁瑞杰 王守海 陈学军 姚晓黎 周军涛 于 2020-03-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及金属热处理技术领域,公开了一种大直径钨棒材退火装置及退火工艺,该退火装置包括第一料槽、进料装置、氢气保护盒、感应线圈、IGBT高频感应电源、出料装置、第二料槽、电机、电控柜、以及冷却系统。利用本发明的大直径钨棒材退火装置和退火工艺,可有效消除大直径钨棒材的内部应力,避免后续加工中可能出现的劈裂、崩边、表面微裂纹等现象,提高钨棒材的加工性能,延长机加工刀具等耗材的使用寿命,改善钨棒材的使用性能,有效提高钨棒材的高温寿命,而且本发明的大直径钨棒材退火装置和退火工艺具有速度快、质量高、成本低、维护方便的优点,可保证工业化生产的顺利进行,降低生产成本,提高生产质量。(The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, and discloses a large-diameter tungsten bar annealing device and an annealing process. The annealing device and the annealing process for the large-diameter tungsten bar can effectively eliminate the internal stress of the large-diameter tungsten bar, avoid the phenomena of splitting, edge breakage, surface microcrack and the like which can occur in subsequent processing, improve the processing performance of the tungsten bar, prolong the service life of consumables such as a machining cutter and the like, improve the service performance of the tungsten bar, and effectively improve the high-temperature service life of the tungsten bar.)

1. A large diameter tungsten rod annealing apparatus comprising: first silo, feed arrangement, hydrogen protection box, induction coil, IGBT high frequency induction power, discharging device, second silo, motor, automatically controlled cabinet and cooling system, its characterized in that:

the first material groove is arranged in front of the feeding device and used for placing the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed, and the second material groove is arranged behind the discharging device and used for placing the large-diameter tungsten bar subjected to annealing;

the hydrogen protection box is arranged between the feeding device and the discharging device, the induction coil is fixed in the hydrogen protection box and is connected to the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply, the front end of the hydrogen protection box is provided with a feeding hole, the rear end of the hydrogen protection box is provided with a discharging hole, the front side of the hydrogen protection box is provided with an observation hole, and a hydrogen pipe communicated with a hydrogen supply source is connected below the hydrogen protection box;

the feeding device and the discharging device respectively comprise a driving wheel, a driven wheel, an air cylinder and a supporting plate, the output end of the motor is fixedly provided with a chain wheel, the driving wheel of the feeding device is connected with the chain wheel through a chain, the driving wheel of the feeding device and the driving wheel of the discharging device are mutually connected through the chain, the driven wheel is arranged above the driving wheel and mutually meshed, the supporting plate is connected with the driven wheel, and the air cylinder is fixed on the supporting plate;

a frequency converter for controlling the rotating speed of the motor is arranged in the electric control cabinet, and an IGBT high-frequency induction power supply power adjusting knob, an equipment power switch, a motor switch and an emergency stop button are arranged on a panel of the electric control cabinet;

the cooling system comprises a cooling circulating water supply source, a water separator connected to the cooling circulating water supply source and a cooling pipe connected to the water separator, wherein the cooling pipe comprises a first cooling pipe, a second cooling pipe and a third cooling pipe, the first cooling pipe is connected to a discharge hole in the rear end of the hydrogen protection box, the second cooling pipe is welded on the outer surface of the box body of the hydrogen protection box, and the third cooling pipe is welded on the surface of a copper plate connecting the induction coil to the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply.

2. The large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device according to claim 1, wherein the inlet guide and guard are provided in the feed hole at the front end of the hydrogen shield box, and the outlet guide and guard are provided in the discharge hole at the rear end of the hydrogen shield box.

3. The large diameter tungsten rod annealing device according to claim 2, wherein the inlet guide and the outlet guide are made of tungsten alloy.

4. The large-diameter tungsten rod annealing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 wherein the inlet angle of the inlet guide and the outlet guide are both 120 ± 10 °.

5. The annealing apparatus for large-diameter tungsten rods according to claim 1, wherein the induction coil has an inner diameter of 30 to 40mm and a length of 80 to 100 mm.

6. A large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process performed by using the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process comprises:

step 1: introducing cooling circulating water into the large-diameter tungsten bar annealing device by a cooling system, and introducing hydrogen into a hydrogen protection box by a hydrogen pipe, wherein the hydrogen introducing time is controlled to be 5 min;

step 2: placing a large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed in a first trough, starting a power supply of equipment and starting a motor, wherein the motor drives a driving wheel of a feeding device through a chain wheel, after the front end of the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed is placed on the driving wheel of the feeding device, an electric control cabinet controls the action of an air cylinder of the feeding device and enables a driven wheel of the feeding device to be pressed down onto the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed through a supporting plate of the feeding device, the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed is guided into a hydrogen protection box under the action of the driving wheel and the driven wheel of the feeding device, and an induction coil protected by hydrogen in the hydrogen protection box anneals the large-diameter tungsten bar;

and step 3: the hydrogen protection box is released by feed arrangement to the major diameter tungsten rod after the annealing is accomplished, via the cooling of first cooling tube, and the major diameter tungsten rod after the annealing is accomplished the front end of major diameter tungsten rod put on discharging device's action wheel after, by discharging device's action wheel and follow driving wheel with the major diameter tungsten rod after the annealing is accomplished lead out to the second silo on.

7. The large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process according to claim 6, wherein in the step 1, the pressure of the cooling circulating water is controlled to be 0.15 to 0.25 MPa.

8. The large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process according to claim 6, wherein in the step 1, the flow rate of hydrogen is controlled to be 15 to 20L/min.

9. The large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2, the power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply is adjusted by adjusting a power adjusting knob of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply, and the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten rod passing through the induction coil is controlled to be 1400-1600 ℃.

10. The large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process according to claim 6, wherein in the step 2, the frequency of the frequency converter is adjusted so as to control the rotation speed of the motor, and the annealing speed of the large-diameter tungsten rod is controlled to be 0.2-0.5 m/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal heat treatment, in particular to a large-diameter tungsten bar annealing device and an annealing process.

Background

Tungsten alloy is widely applied to various fields such as national defense and military industry, electronics, electric light sources, chemical engineering, medical treatment, machinery and the like due to the characteristics of extremely high melting point, low vapor pressure, low expansibility and dimensional stability at high temperature, excellent electron emission performance, high-temperature mechanical property and the like. After the large-diameter tungsten bar sintered at high temperature is forged and beaten by multiple passes and large compression ratio, the bar with qualified density can be used as a bar with deformation of more than 60 percent, and the bar can be used as a raw material for further machining.

Under the action of alternating stress, the internal stress of the tungsten rod is rapidly accumulated, and when the stress of a partial area is excessively concentrated, the tungsten rod can be split and unstable in size during pressure processing; problems such as edge chipping, surface (micro) cracking, too fast consumption of machining tools and the like of parts can occur during machining; the tungsten rod is applied to the related field, and the tungsten rod parts have insufficient service life at high temperature and even cannot be used. The above problems are mainly caused by the stress existing inside the large-diameter tungsten rod, which causes the reduction of the processing performance and the service performance of the large-diameter tungsten rod.

Therefore, how to effectively eliminate the internal stress of the large-diameter tungsten rod is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an annealing device and an annealing process for a large-diameter tungsten bar, which can effectively eliminate the internal stress of the large-diameter tungsten bar, improve the processing performance and the service performance of the large-diameter tungsten bar and improve the high-temperature service life of the large-diameter tungsten bar.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a large-diameter tungsten rod annealing apparatus, including: first silo, feed arrangement, hydrogen protection box, induction coil, IGBT high frequency induction power, discharging device, second silo, motor, automatically controlled cabinet and cooling system, wherein:

the first material groove is arranged in front of the feeding device and used for placing the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed, and the second material groove is arranged behind the discharging device and used for placing the large-diameter tungsten bar subjected to annealing;

the hydrogen protection box is arranged between the feeding device and the discharging device, the induction coil is fixed in the hydrogen protection box and is connected to the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply, the front end of the hydrogen protection box is provided with a feeding hole, the rear end of the hydrogen protection box is provided with a discharging hole, the front side of the hydrogen protection box is provided with an observation hole, and a hydrogen pipe communicated with a hydrogen supply source is connected below the hydrogen protection box;

the feeding device and the discharging device respectively comprise a driving wheel, a driven wheel, an air cylinder and a supporting plate, the output end of the motor is fixedly provided with a chain wheel, the driving wheel of the feeding device is connected with the chain wheel through a chain, the driving wheel of the feeding device and the driving wheel of the discharging device are mutually connected through the chain, the driven wheel is arranged above the driving wheel and mutually meshed, the supporting plate is connected with the driven wheel, and the air cylinder is fixed on the supporting plate;

a frequency converter for controlling the rotating speed of the motor is arranged in the electric control cabinet, and an IGBT high-frequency induction power supply power adjusting knob, an equipment power switch, a motor switch and an emergency stop button are arranged on a panel of the electric control cabinet;

the cooling system comprises a cooling circulating water supply source, a water separator connected to the cooling circulating water supply source and a cooling pipe connected to the water separator, wherein the cooling pipe comprises a first cooling pipe, a second cooling pipe and a third cooling pipe, the first cooling pipe is connected to a discharge hole in the rear end of the hydrogen protection box, the second cooling pipe is welded on the outer surface of the box body of the hydrogen protection box, and the third cooling pipe is welded on the surface of a copper plate connecting the induction coil to the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device, an inlet guide is arranged in a feed hole at the front end of the hydrogen protection box, and an outlet guide is arranged in a discharge hole at the rear end of the hydrogen protection box.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device, the inlet guide and the outlet guide are made of tungsten alloy.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device, the inlet angles of the inlet guide and the outlet guide are both 120 ± 10 °.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device, the induction coil has an inner diameter of 30 to 40mm and a length of 80 to 100 mm.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process performed by using the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing apparatus, including:

step 1: introducing cooling circulating water into the large-diameter tungsten bar annealing device by a cooling system, and introducing hydrogen into a hydrogen protection box by a hydrogen pipe, wherein the hydrogen introducing time is controlled to be 5 min;

step 2: placing a large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed in a first trough, starting a power supply of equipment and starting a motor, wherein the motor drives a driving wheel of a feeding device through a chain wheel, after the front end of the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed is placed on the driving wheel of the feeding device, an electric control cabinet controls the action of an air cylinder of the feeding device and enables a driven wheel of the feeding device to be pressed down onto the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed through a supporting plate of the feeding device, the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed is guided into a hydrogen protection box under the action of the driving wheel and the driven wheel of the feeding device, and an induction coil protected by hydrogen in the hydrogen protection box anneals the large-diameter tungsten bar;

and step 3: the hydrogen protection box is released by feed arrangement to the major diameter tungsten rod after the annealing is accomplished, via the cooling of first cooling tube, and the major diameter tungsten rod after the annealing is accomplished the front end of major diameter tungsten rod put on discharging device's action wheel after, by discharging device's action wheel and follow driving wheel with the major diameter tungsten rod after the annealing is accomplished lead out to the second silo on.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process, in step 1, the pressure range of the cooling circulating water is controlled to be 0.15-0.25 MPa.

Preferably, in the annealing process of the large-diameter tungsten rod, in step 1, the flow rate of hydrogen is controlled to be 15-20L/min.

Preferably, in the annealing process of the large-diameter tungsten rod, in step 2, the power adjusting knob of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply is adjusted to adjust the power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply, and the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten rod passing through the induction coil is controlled to be 1400-1600 ℃.

Preferably, in the annealing process of the large-diameter tungsten rod, in step 2, the frequency of the frequency converter is adjusted so as to control the rotating speed of the motor, and the annealing speed of the large-diameter tungsten rod is controlled to be 0.2-0.5 m/min.

The annealing device and the annealing process for the large-diameter tungsten bar can effectively eliminate the internal stress of the large-diameter tungsten bar, avoid the phenomena of splitting, edge breakage, surface (micro) cracks and the like which possibly occur in subsequent processing, improve the processing performance of the tungsten bar, prolong the service life of consumables such as a machining cutter and the like, improve the service performance of the tungsten bar and effectively improve the high-temperature service life of the tungsten bar.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts, wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large-diameter tungsten bar annealing device of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding device in the annealing device for large-diameter tungsten rods according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction coil in the annealing apparatus for large-diameter tungsten rods according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the annealing apparatus for a large-diameter tungsten rod according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a first trough 1, a feeding device 2, a hydrogen protection box 4, an induction coil 5, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) high-frequency induction power supply 7, a discharging device 9, a second trough 1', a motor 10 and an electric control cabinet 12.

The first trough 1 is arranged in front of the feeding device 2, the second trough 1 'is arranged behind the discharging device 9, the first trough 1 is used for placing large-diameter tungsten bars to be annealed, and the second trough 1' is used for placing large-diameter tungsten bars to be annealed.

The hydrogen protection box 4 is arranged between the feeding device 2 and the discharging device 9, and the induction coil 5 is fixed in the hydrogen protection box 4 and connected to the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply 7.

The feeding device 2 and the discharging device 9 both comprise a driving wheel, a driven wheel, an air cylinder and a supporting plate, fig. 2 shows the driving wheel 21, the driven wheel 22, the air cylinder 23 and the supporting plate 24 which are included in the feeding device 2 as an example, a chain wheel (not shown) is fixed at the output end of the motor 10, the driving wheel 21 is fixed on the table top of the annealing device and is connected to the chain wheel through a chain, the driven wheel 22 is arranged above the driving wheel 21 and is meshed with the driving wheel 21, the supporting plate 24 is connected to the driven wheel 22, and the air cylinder 23. Furthermore, the driving wheel 21 of the feeding device 2 is connected to the driving wheel of the discharging device 9 via a chain. The structure of the discharging device 9 is the same as that of the feeding device 2, and the illustration and description are not repeated here.

A frequency converter (not shown) is arranged in the electric control cabinet 12, and the rotating speed of the motor 10 can be controlled by adjusting the frequency of the frequency converter, so that the operating speeds of the feeding device 2 and the discharging device 9, namely the annealing speed of the large-diameter tungsten bar, can be adjusted. The panel of the electric control cabinet 12 is provided with an IGBT high-frequency induction power supply power adjusting knob, an equipment power switch, a motor switch and an emergency stop button. The power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the power adjusting knob of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply, so that the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten bar can be adjusted.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device, a feed hole is formed in the front end of the hydrogen protection box 4, an inlet guide 3 is arranged in the feed hole, a discharge hole is formed in the rear end of the hydrogen protection box 4, an outlet guide (not shown) is arranged in the discharge hole, an observation hole 6 is formed in the front surface of the hydrogen protection box 4, and a hydrogen pipe 11 communicated with a hydrogen supply source (not shown) is connected below the hydrogen protection box 4.

Preferably, the inlet guide 3 and the outlet guide of the hydrogen protection box 4 are both made of tungsten alloy, and the inlet angles of the inlet guide 3 and the outlet guide are both 120 ± 10 °.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing apparatus, the induction coil 5 has an inner diameter of 30 to 40mm and a length of 80 to 100 mm.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device, a cooling system for cooling the hydrogen protection box 4, the induction coil 5 and the annealed large-diameter tungsten rod is provided, the cooling system is composed of a cooling circulating water supply source (not shown), a water separator 13 connected to the cooling circulating water supply source, and a cooling pipe connected to the water separator 13, wherein the cooling pipe includes a first cooling pipe 8, a second cooling pipe and a third cooling pipe, the first cooling pipe 8 is connected to a discharge hole at the rear end of the hydrogen protection box 4, the inner diameter of the first cooling pipe is the same as the diameter of the discharge hole, cooling circulating water is introduced into the first cooling pipe 8, and the annealed large-diameter tungsten rod is cooled by the cooling circulating water in the first cooling pipe 8 after being led out from the discharge hole, so as to avoid the surface oxidation; a second cooling pipe (not shown) is welded on the outer surface of the hydrogen protection box 4, and cooling circulating water is introduced into the second cooling pipe to cool the hydrogen protection box 4; a third cooling pipe (not shown) through which cooling circulation water is passed is welded to the surface of a copper plate (not shown) connecting the induction coil 5 to the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply 7, and the induction coil 5 can be cooled.

In another aspect, the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process implemented by using the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing device comprises the following steps:

step 1: introducing cooling circulating water into the large-diameter tungsten bar annealing device by a cooling system, and introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen protection box 4 through a hydrogen pipe 11, wherein the hydrogen introducing time is controlled to be 5 min;

step 2: placing a large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed in a first trough 1 in front of a feeding device 2, starting a device power supply through a device power switch and starting a motor 10 through a motor switch and an emergency stop button, wherein the motor 10 drives a driving wheel 21 of the feeding device 2 through a chain wheel, after the front end of the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed is placed on the driving wheel 21 of the feeding device 2, an electric control cabinet 12 controls an air cylinder 23 to act and a driven wheel 22 is pressed down onto the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed through a supporting plate 24, so that the large-diameter tungsten bar to be annealed is guided into a hydrogen protection box 4 under the combined action of the driving wheel 21 and the driven wheel 22, and the large-diameter tungsten bar is annealed by an induction coil 5 protected by hydrogen in the hydrogen protection box 4;

and step 3: the hydrogen protection box is released by feed arrangement 2 to the major diameter tungsten rod after the completion of annealing, via the cooling of first cooling tube 8, and the front end of the major diameter tungsten rod after the completion of annealing is put on discharging device 9's action wheel after, by discharging device 9's action wheel and follow driving wheel with the major diameter tungsten rod after the completion of annealing derive to discharging device 9 after on second silo 1 '.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process, in step 1, the pressure range of the cooling circulating water is controlled to be 0.15-0.25 MPa.

Preferably, in the annealing process of the large-diameter tungsten rod, in step 1, the flow rate of hydrogen is controlled to be 15-20L/min.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process, in step 2, the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply power adjusting knob is adjusted to adjust the power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply 7, thereby controlling the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten rod passing through the induction coil 5 to be 1400-1600 ℃.

Further preferably, in the annealing process of the large-diameter tungsten rod, in step 2, according to the diameter of the large-diameter tungsten rod to be annealed, the power adjusting knob of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply is adjusted so as to adjust the power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply, thereby controlling the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten rod passing through the induction coil 5 to be between 1400 ℃ and 1600 ℃.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten bar annealing process, in step 2, the annealing temperature is measured through the observation hole 6, and if the annealing temperature is lower than 1400 ℃, the power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply 7 is increased through the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply power adjustment knob, thereby increasing the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten bar passing through the induction coil 5; if the annealing temperature is higher than 1600 ℃, the power of the IGBT high-frequency induction power supply 7 is turned down by an IGBT high-frequency induction power supply power adjusting knob, thereby reducing the annealing temperature of the large-diameter tungsten bar passing through the induction coil 5.

Preferably, in the large-diameter tungsten rod annealing process, in step 2, the frequency of the frequency converter is adjusted so as to control the rotating speed of the motor 10, thereby adjusting the operating speeds of the feeding device 2 and the discharging device 9, so as to control the annealing speed of the large-diameter tungsten rod to be 0.2-0.5 m/min.

The annealing effect of large diameter tungsten rods is generally evaluated in terms of the hardness of the material after annealing. By utilizing the annealing device and the annealing process for the large-diameter tungsten bar, the microstructure of the annealed large-diameter tungsten bar is not changed, and the hardness is reduced by about 10%, so that the internal stress of the large-diameter tungsten bar can be effectively eliminated, the phenomena of splitting, edge breakage, surface (micro) cracks and the like which can possibly occur in subsequent processing can be avoided, the processing performance of the tungsten bar can be improved, the service life of consumables such as a machining cutter and the like can be prolonged, the service performance of the tungsten bar can be improved, and the high-temperature service life of the tungsten bar can be effectively improved.

The annealing apparatus and the annealing process for large-diameter tungsten rods according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.