阅读说明：本技术 一种智能摩擦摆隔震支座 (Intelligence friction pendulum isolation bearing ) 是由 马长飞 汪正兴 荆国强 王翔 刘鹏飞 王梓宇 吴肖波 伊建军 周志坤 汪泽洋 高 于 2020-07-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种智能摩擦摆隔震支座,其包括上座板、球摆、下座板、弹性体,上座板顶端用于与主桥连接,并承载主桥；球摆的顶端与上座板可滑动连接,底端可在下座板上摆动；弹性体连接于下座板的底端,并用于连接于桥墩上；应变传感器设于弹性体上,并用于测量弹性体的应变；角速度测量仪设于球摆上,并用于测量球摆的转动角速率<Image he="80" wi="87" file="DDA0002568928720000011.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>位移测量装置设于上座板或球摆上,并用于测量上座板或球摆的水平位移D；控制器与应变传感器、角速度测量仪和位移测量装置均相连,并用于根据弹性体的应变,计算得到隔震支座所承受的竖向荷载W；以及根据W、<Image he="75" wi="58" file="DDA0002568928720000012.GIF" imgContent="drawing" imgFormat="GIF" orientation="portrait" inline="no"></Image>以及D,基于预设的计算公式计算该支座的水平受力F,实现了摩擦摆隔震支座工作性能实时监测。(The application relates to an intelligent friction pendulum vibration isolation support which comprises an upper seat plate, a ball pendulum, a lower seat plate and an elastic body, wherein the top end of the upper seat plate is used for being connected with a main bridge and bearing the main bridge; the top end of the ball pendulum is connected with the upper seat plate in a sliding way, and the bottom end of the ball pendulum can swing on the lower seat plate; the elastic body is connected to the bottom end of the lower seat plate and is used for being connected to a pier; the strain sensor is arranged on the elastic body and used for measuring the strain of the elastic body; the angular velocity measuring instrument is arranged on the spherical pendulum and is used for measuring the rotation angular rate of the spherical pendulum The displacement measuring device is arranged on the upper seat plate or the ball pendulum and is used for measuring the horizontal displacement D of the upper seat plate or the ball pendulum; the controller is connected with the strain sensor, the angular velocity measuring instrument and the displacement measuring device and is used for calculating and obtaining the vertical load W born by the shock insulation support according to the strain of the elastic body; and according to W, And D, calculating the horizontal stress F of the support based on a preset calculation formula, and realizing the real-time monitoring of the working performance of the friction pendulum seismic isolation support.)

1. The utility model provides an intelligence friction pendulum isolation bearing which characterized in that, it includes:

the top end of the upper seat plate (1) is used for being connected with a main bridge and bearing the main bridge; the bottom end of the upper seat plate (1) is provided with a clamping space (10);

the ball pendulum (2) is clamped in the clamping space (10), the top end of the ball pendulum (2) is connected with the upper seat plate (1) in a sliding way, and the bottom end of the ball pendulum is downwards convexly arranged to form a first convex spherical surface (20);

the top end of the lower seat plate (3) is downwards concavely provided with a first concave spherical surface (30) matched with the first convex spherical surface (20) so that the ball pendulum (2) can swing on the lower seat plate (3);

an elastic body (4) connected to the bottom end of the lower seat plate (3) and connected to a bridge pier;

a strain sensor (5) provided on the elastic body (4) and measuring a strain of the elastic body (4);

an angular velocity measuring instrument (6) provided on the pendulum (2) and measuring a rotation angular rate of the pendulum (2)

A displacement measuring device (7) which is arranged on the upper seat plate (1) or the spherical pendulum (2) and is used for measuring the horizontal displacement D of the upper seat plate (1) or the spherical pendulum (2);

the controller (8) is connected with the strain sensor (5), the angular velocity measuring instrument (6) and the displacement measuring device (7) and used for calculating and obtaining the vertical load W borne by the vibration isolation support according to the strain of the elastic body (4); and according to W,And D, calculating the horizontal stress F of the support based on a preset calculation formula.

2. An intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing as claimed in claim 1 wherein said predetermined formula is as follows:

in the formula: r is the curvature radius of the first concave spherical surface (30), mu is the friction coefficient between the pendulum (2) and the lower seat plate (3), and sgn () is a sign function.

3. The intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, wherein the elastomer (4) comprises a hollow cylinder (40) and a stiffening rib (41), the hollow cylinder (40) is connected to the bottom end of the lower seat plate (3); the stiffening ribs (41) are connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (40) to support the hollow cylinder (40).

4. The intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 3, wherein a threaded hole (42) penetrating through the hollow cylinder (40) is formed in the hollow cylinder (40), a bolt (9) is pre-embedded in the bottom end of the lower seat plate (3), the lower seat plate (3) is connected with the hollow cylinder (40) through the bolt (9), and the bolt (9) penetrates through the threaded hole (42) so that the hollow cylinder (40) is connected with the pier.

5. The intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 3, wherein the strain sensor (5) is rectangular, and the outer wall of the hollow cylinder (40) is provided with a rectangular cross section matched with the strain sensor (5).

6. An intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing as claimed in claim 1 wherein said strain sensor (5) comprises a first strain sensor and a second strain sensor, the range of said first strain sensor being greater than the range of said second strain sensor, said first strain sensor being adapted to measure the dead load and the second period load W of the main bridge₁(ii) a The second strain sensor is used for measuring the live load W of the main bridge₂Wherein W ═ W₁+W₂。

7. An intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation mount according to claim 1 wherein the displacement measuring device (7) comprises:

a displacement sensor (70) provided on the upper seat plate (1) or the pendulum (2);

a signal reflecting screen (71) facing the displacement sensor (70) and adapted to reflect the signal emitted by the displacement sensor (70); the displacement sensor (70) is used for receiving the signal reflected by the signal reflecting screen (71) and acquiring the signal reflecting duration; the controller (8) is connected with the displacement sensor (70) and is used for receiving the duration acquired by the displacement sensor (70) and calculating the horizontal displacement of the upper seat plate (1) or the pendulum (2).

8. An intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation mount as claimed in claim 1 wherein said controller (8) is further configured to horizontally displace the mount D, W₂And F, sending the data to a cloud end to monitor the working state of the friction pendulum seismic isolation support in real time.

9. An intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation mount according to claim 1 wherein the pendulum (2) comprises:

the top end of the upper liner plate (21) is connected with the bottom end of the upper seat plate (1) in a sliding way, and the bottom end is downwards convexly arranged to form a second convex spherical surface (210);

the bottom end of the lining plate seat (22) is provided with the first convex spherical surface (20), and the top end of the lining plate seat is downwards concavely provided with a second concave spherical surface (220) matched with the second convex spherical surface (210), so that the upper lining plate (21) can rotate around the axis of the upper lining plate seat (22); and the lining plate seat (22) is clamped in the clamping space (10).

10. An intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the two sides of the lower seat plate (3) extend upwards to form a limit baffle (31), and the limit baffle (31) is used for limiting the swing angle of the pendulum (2).

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of bridge bearings, in particular to an intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing.

Background

With the development of economy and the increase of traffic volume, the damage and the destruction of bridge bearings become one of the main diseases of the existing bridges in China. At present, the vibration isolation support is widely applied to the field of bridges, and friction pendulum vibration isolation supports in the vibration isolation support are greatly applied to actual bridge engineering of multiple countries in the world due to the obvious vibration isolation effect, large bearing load and mature technology. The friction pendulum vibration isolation support is used as a main force transmission component for directly transmitting the upper structure and the lower structure of the bridge structure, the damage and the damage of the friction pendulum vibration isolation support can accelerate the attenuation of the service life of the bridge, and the integral safety of the bridge structure is directly threatened. In view of the fact that the friction pendulum seismic isolation support is generally in a severe and concealed engineering environment, many diseases cannot be found and treated in time due to the limitation of a manual detection method. The intelligent shock insulation support is researched and developed, real-time assessment and risk prediction of the bearing capacity of the important bridge are realized, the safety and normal operation of the bridge are guaranteed, and the intelligent shock insulation support becomes an important subject which is concerned with the national civilization.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an intelligence friction pendulum isolation bearing, has solved among the correlation technique and has measured the horizontal direction atress scope of isolation bearing little, is not suitable for the problem of large-span and medium-span bridge.

First aspect provides an intelligence friction pendulum isolation bearing, and it includes:

the top end of the upper seat plate is used for being connected with the main bridge and bearing the main bridge; the bottom end of the upper seat plate is provided with a clamping space;

the ball pendulum is clamped in the clamping space, the top end of the ball pendulum is connected with the upper seat plate in a sliding way, and the bottom end of the ball pendulum is downwards convexly arranged to form a first convex spherical surface;

the top end of the lower seat plate is downwards concavely provided with a first concave spherical surface matched with the first convex spherical surface, so that the ball pendulum can swing on the lower seat plate;

an elastic body connected to a bottom end of the lower seat plate and connected to a pier;

the strain sensor is arranged on the elastic body and used for measuring the strain of the elastic body;

an angular velocity measuring instrument arranged on the pendulum and used for measuring the rotation angular rate of the pendulum

The displacement measuring device is arranged on the upper seat plate or the spherical pendulum and is used for measuring the horizontal displacement D of the upper seat plate or the spherical pendulum;

the controller is connected with the strain sensor, the angular velocity measuring instrument and the displacement measuring device and used for calculating and obtaining the vertical load W born by the vibration isolation support according to the strain of the elastic body; and according to W,And D, calculating the horizontal stress F of the support based on a preset calculation formula.

In some embodiments, the preset calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula: r is a curvature radius of the first concave spherical surface, μ is a friction coefficient between the pendulum and the lower seat plate, and sgn () is a sign function.

In some embodiments, the elastomer comprises a hollow cylinder and a stiffening rib, the hollow cylinder is connected to the bottom end of the bedplate; the stiffening ribs are connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder body to support the hollow cylinder body.

In some embodiments, the hollow cylinder is provided with a threaded hole penetrating through the hollow cylinder, a bolt is pre-embedded in the bottom end of the lower seat plate, the lower seat plate is connected with the hollow cylinder through the bolt, and the bolt penetrates through the threaded hole so as to connect the hollow cylinder with the pier.

In some embodiments, the strain sensor is rectangular, and the outer wall of the hollow cylinder is provided with a rectangular cross section matched with the strain sensor.

In some embodiments, the strain sensor includes a first strain sensor having a range greater than a range of a second strain sensor for measuring a dead load and a second period load W of the main bridge₁(ii) a The second strain sensor is used for measuring the live load W of the main bridge₂Wherein W ═ W₁+W₂。

In some embodiments, the displacement measuring device comprises:

a displacement sensor provided on the upper seat plate or the ball pendulum;

the signal reflecting screen faces the displacement sensor and is used for reflecting the signal emitted by the displacement sensor; the displacement sensor is used for receiving the signal reflected by the signal reflection screen and acquiring the signal reflection duration; the controller is connected with the displacement sensor and used for receiving the duration acquired by the displacement sensor and calculating to obtain the horizontal displacement of the upper seat plate or the ball pendulum.

In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to horizontally displace D, W the support₂And F, sending the data to a cloud end to monitor the friction swing in real timeAnd (5) vibrating the working state of the support.

In some embodiments, the pendulum comprises:

the top end of the upper lining plate is connected with the bottom end of the upper seat plate in a sliding mode, and the bottom end of the upper lining plate is downwards convexly arranged to form a second convex spherical surface;

the bottom end of the lining plate seat is provided with the first convex spherical surface, and the top end of the lining plate seat is downwards concavely provided with a second concave spherical surface matched with the second convex spherical surface, so that the upper lining plate can rotate around the axis of the upper lining plate seat; and the lining plate seat is clamped in the clamping space.

In some embodiments, two sides of the lower seat plate extend upwards to form a limit baffle plate, and the limit baffle plate is used for limiting the swing angle of the ball pendulum.

The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: the problem of measure among the relevant art that the horizontal direction atress scope is little of isolation bearing, be not suitable for large-span bridge is solved.

The embodiment of the application provides an intelligence friction pendulum isolation bearing, with intelligence friction pendulum isolation bearing setting between main bridge and pier, the main bridge pressure is held on last bedplate, and the elastomer is connected with the pier. When an earthquake occurs, the pier transmits vibration energy to the vibration isolation support, the vibration period of the main beam is prolonged through the swing of the ball pendulum on the lower seat plate, and the vibration isolation function is realized through the friction consumption of the seismic energy by the sliding interfaces between the ball pendulum and the upper seat plate and between the ball pendulum and the lower seat plate. The strain sensor is used for measuring the strain of the elastic body, and the angular speed measuring instrument is used for measuring the rotation angular rate of the spherical pendulumThe displacement measuring device is used for measuring the horizontal displacement D of the upper seat plate or the ball pendulum; and the controller is connected with the strain sensor, the angular velocity measuring instrument and the displacement measuring device and is used for calculating to obtain the vertical load W and the horizontal stress F borne by the shock insulation support. Because the horizontal stress F of the embodiment of the application is W,And D is indirectly obtained through calculation, and is transmittedThe sensor, the angular velocity measuring instrument and the displacement measuring device have large measuring range and high measuring precision, so that the range of the horizontal stress F obtained by calculation is large, the device is suitable for large and medium span bridges, and the real-time monitoring of the working performance of the friction pendulum seismic isolation support is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a use state of an intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing provided in the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an elastomer;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the radius of curvature of the lower seat plate.

In the figure: 1. an upper seat plate; 10. a clamping space; 2. a ball pendulum; 20. a first convex spherical surface; 21. an upper lining plate; 210. a second convex spherical surface; 22. a liner plate seat; 220. a second concave spherical surface; 3. a lower seat plate; 30. a first concave spherical surface; 31. a limit baffle; 4. an elastomer; 40. a hollow cylinder; 41. a stiffening rib; 42. a threaded hole; 5. a strain sensor; 6. an angular velocity measuring instrument; 7. a displacement measuring device; 70. a displacement sensor; 71. a signal reflecting screen; 8. a controller; 9. and (4) bolts.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the application provides an intelligent friction pendulum vibration isolation support which is supported between a main bridge and a pier to isolate vibration of the main bridge. The top end of the upper seat plate 1 is used for being connected with a main bridge and bearing the main bridge; the bottom end of the upper seat plate 1 is provided with a clamping space 10, the ball pendulum 2 is clamped in the clamping space 10, the top end of the ball pendulum 2 is connected with the upper seat plate 1 in a sliding way, and the bottom end is downwards convexly provided to form a first convex spherical surface 20; the top end of the lower seat plate 3 is recessed downwards to form a first concave spherical surface 30 matched with the first convex spherical surface 20, so that the pendulum 2 can swing on the lower seat plate 3, and the curvature radius of the first convex spherical surface 20 is consistent with that of the first concave spherical surface 30. When an earthquake occurs, the bridge pier transmits vibration energy to the vibration isolation support, the ball pendulum 2 swings on the lower seat plate 3 and drives the upper seat plate 1 to move together, the vibration period of the main beam is prolonged through the swinging of the ball pendulum 2 on the lower seat plate 3, and the vibration isolation function is realized through the friction consumption of the ball pendulum 2 and the upper seat plate 1 as well as the sliding interface between the ball pendulum 2 and the lower seat plate 3.

The utility model provides a vibration isolation support still includes elastomer 4, strain sensor 5, angular velocity measuring apparatu 6, displacement measurement device 7 and controller 8, and elastomer 4 is connected in the bottom of bedplate 3 down to be used for connecting on the pier. Wherein the elastomer 4 is made of 40Cr, the strain sensor 5 is packaged to prevent corrosion damage, and the strain sensor 5 is arranged on the elastomer 4 and used for measuring the strain of the elastomer 4; the angular velocity measuring instrument 6 is arranged on the ball pendulum 2 and is used for measuring the rotation angular rate of the ball pendulum 2

In proper amount, with positive and negative signs. The displacement measuring device 7 is arranged on the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2, and the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2 both generate horizontal movement, so that the displacement measuring device 7 is positioned on the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2 and can measure the horizontal displacement of the seismic isolation support. The displacement measuring device 7 is used for measuring the horizontal displacement D of the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2; the controller 8 is connected with the strain sensor 5, the angular velocity measuring instrument 6 and the displacement measuring device 7 and used for obtaining shock insulation through calculation according to the strain of the elastic body 4Vertical load W borne by the support; and according to W,And D, calculating the horizontal stress F of the support based on a preset calculation formula.

The horizontal stress F of the embodiment of the application is formed by W,And D is indirectly obtained through calculation, the measuring ranges of the strain sensor 5, the angular velocity measuring instrument 6 and the displacement measuring device 7 are large, and the measuring precision is high, so that the calculated horizontal stress F is wide in range and suitable for large and medium-span bridges. Therefore, the vibration isolation support has the vibration isolation and absorption functions of the traditional friction pendulum vibration isolation support, can monitor the horizontal displacement, the rotation angle rate, the vertical bearing capacity and the distribution of the support in real time, and can monitor the information such as the horizontal stress condition, is particularly suitable for the real-time monitoring of the bridge friction pendulum vibration isolation support with large and medium spans, and realizes the real-time monitoring of the working performance of the friction pendulum vibration isolation support.

The application of the intelligent friction pendulum isolation bearing of the embodiment of the application has the following use principle:

the intelligent friction pendulum seismic isolation support is arranged between a main bridge and a pier, the main bridge is pressed on the upper base plate 1, and the elastic body 4 is connected with the pier. When an earthquake occurs, the pier transmits vibration energy to the vibration isolation support, the vibration period of the main beam is prolonged through the swing of the ball pendulum 2 on the lower seat plate 3, and the vibration isolation function is realized through the friction consumption of the seismic energy of the ball pendulum 2 and the upper seat plate 1 and the sliding interface between the ball pendulum 2 and the lower seat plate 3. The strain sensor 5 is used for measuring the strain of the elastic body 4, and the angular velocity measuring instrument 6 is used for measuring the rotation angular rate of the spherical pendulum 2The displacement measuring device 7 is used for measuring the horizontal displacement D of the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2; and the controller 8 is connected with the strain sensor 5, the angular velocity measuring instrument 6 and the displacement measuring device 7 and is used for calculating to obtain the vertical load W and the horizontal stress F borne by the vibration isolation support.

Referring to fig. 4, preferably, the preset calculation formula is as follows:

in the formula: r is a curvature radius of the first concave spherical surface 30, μ is a friction coefficient between the pendulum 2 and the lower seat plate 3, and sgn () is a sign function. sgn () is an extraction vectorThe sign of (a). The controller 8 is further configured to send W and F to the cloud, so that a user can manage and process the W and F conveniently.

Referring to fig. 3, further, the elastic body 4 includes a hollow cylinder 40 and a reinforcing rib 41, the hollow cylinder 40 is connected to the bottom end of the lower seat plate 3 and is used for being connected to a bridge pier; the stiffening ribs 41 are connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 40 to support the hollow cylinder 40; the strain sensor 5 is provided on the hollow cylinder 40, and is used to measure the strain of the elastic body 4. The hollow cylinder 40 is an approximately thin-wall hollow cylinder, and the two orthogonal stiffening ribs 41 are arranged in the cylinder, so that the cross-sectional area of the elastic body 4 is greatly reduced, the strain measured by the strain sensor 5 is increased, the strain measurement precision is favorably improved, and on the other hand, the stiffening ribs 41 meet the requirement that the elastic body 4 has enough rigidity as a bearing member. Because the sectional area of the elastic body 4 is greatly reduced, the strain measured by the strain sensor 5 is increased, the strain measurement precision is favorably improved, and the precision of the vertical load of the support obtained by measurement is also high.

Furthermore, a threaded hole 42 penetrating through the hollow cylinder 40 is formed in the hollow cylinder 40, a bolt 9 is pre-embedded in the bottom end of the lower seat plate 3, the lower seat plate 3 is connected with the hollow cylinder 40 through the bolt 9, and the bolt 9 penetrates through the threaded hole 42, so that the hollow cylinder 40 is connected with the pier. One end of the bolt 9 is embedded in the lower seat plate 3, the other end of the bolt passes through the threaded hole 42 in the hollow cylinder 40 and extends out of the threaded hole 42, and the bolt extending out of the threaded hole 42 is used for being fixed on the pier.

Referring to fig. 3, further, the strain sensor 5 is rectangular after being packaged, and the packaged strain sensor 5 is more durable. The outer wall of the hollow cylinder 40 is provided with a rectangular cross section matched with the strain sensor 5, so that the strain sensor 5 can be more attached to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 40 and is tightly attached to the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 40. Four strain sensors 5 are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the hollow cylinder 40, so that the distribution condition of vertical load W can be obtained.

Furthermore, the strain sensor 5 comprises a first strain sensor and a second strain sensor, the range of the first strain sensor is larger than that of the second strain sensor, and the first strain sensor is used for measuring the dead load and the second period load W of the main bridge₁(ii) a The second strain sensor is used for measuring the live load W of the main bridge₂Wherein W ═ W₁+W₂. Adopt the first strain sensor of wide-range during the construction, can record girder dead load and second phase load like this, in the operation period, remove the first strainometer of wide-range, install the second strainometer of small-range again, record the live load size that the girder received during the operation, the vertical load W that the vibration isolation support actually bore is W ═ W₁+W₂. Therefore, the vibration isolation support can measure the dead load and the second-stage load of the bridge during construction, the live load of the main beam during operation can be measured, and the load measurement precision is improved.

Preferably, the displacement measuring device 7 comprises a displacement sensor 70 and a signal reflection screen 71, the displacement sensor 70 is a laser displacement sensor or an ultrasonic displacement sensor, and the displacement sensor 70 is arranged on the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2; the signal reflecting screen 71 faces the displacement sensor 70 and is used for reflecting the signal emitted by the displacement sensor 70; the displacement sensor 70 is used for receiving the signal reflected by the signal reflecting screen 71 and acquiring the signal reflecting duration; the controller 8 is connected with the displacement sensor 70 and is used for receiving the time length acquired by the displacement sensor 70 and calculating to obtain the horizontal displacement of the upper seat plate 1 or the ball pendulum 2. Since the wavelength of the signal emitted from the displacement sensor 70 is fixed and known, the horizontal displacement of the upper seat plate 1 or the pendulum 2 can be obtained according to the reflection time length of the signal emitted from the displacement sensor 70.

Further, the pendulum 2 comprises an upper liner plate 21 and a liner plate seat 22, the top end of the upper liner plate 21 is slidably connected with the bottom end of the upper seat plate 1, and the bottom end is downwards convexly provided to form a second convex spherical surface 210; the bottom end of the lining plate seat 22 is provided with a first convex spherical surface 20, and the top end of the lining plate seat is downwards concave to form a second concave spherical surface 220 matched with the second convex spherical surface 210, so that the upper lining plate 21 can rotate around the axis of the upper lining plate seat 22; and the lining board seat 22 is clamped in the clamping space 10. The curvature radius of the second convex spherical surface 210 is equal to that of the second concave spherical surface 220, and the upper liner plate 21 rotates and moves horizontally along with the liner plate seat 22 during the swinging of the liner plate seat 22 on the lower seat plate 3.

Optionally, two sides of the lower seat plate 3 extend upwards to form a limiting baffle 31, and the limiting baffle 31 is used for limiting the swing angle of the ball pendulum 2. The pendulum 2 can only swing between two limit stops 31.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.