阅读说明：本技术 一种固化放射性废闪烁液的方法 (Method for solidifying radioactive waste scintillation liquid ) 是由 文清云 冯双喜 许文苑 耿磊 仇宏宇 李鸿展 张红梅 况友成 李卓 杜蕾 于 2020-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种固化放射性废闪烁液的方法,本发明用包括淀粉、纤维素、硬脂酸、活性炭的固化剂来固化放射性废闪烁液,具有操作简单、固化反应迅速、固化时间短、成本低的优点。并且采用本发明固化的放射性废闪烁液的固化体具有松散、不粘连、渗油率低、无游离液体等特点,避免了放射性废闪烁液在长时间的运输过程中逸散的风险。本发明利用活性炭、淀粉、纤维素对放射性废闪烁液进行吸附,实现了放射性废闪烁液的初步固化；再利用硬质酸与强碱溶液溶反应得到的硬脂酸盐与硬脂酸、强碱溶液组成的胶体将吸附了放射性废闪烁液的活性炭、淀粉、纤维上进行包覆,将放射性废闪烁液锁定在活性炭、淀粉、纤维素中,实现最终固化,避免放射性废闪烁液的逸散。(The invention discloses a method for solidifying radioactive waste scintillation liquid, which uses a solidifying agent comprising starch, cellulose, stearic acid and activated carbon to solidify the radioactive waste scintillation liquid and has the advantages of simple operation, quick solidification reaction, short solidification time and low cost. And the solidified body of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid solidified by the method has the characteristics of looseness, non-adhesion, low oil permeability, no free liquid and the like, and avoids the risk of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid escaping in the long-time transportation process. The method utilizes the active carbon, the starch and the cellulose to adsorb the radioactive waste scintillation liquid, thereby realizing the primary solidification of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid; and then, the active carbon, the starch and the fibers which absorb the radioactive waste scintillation liquid are coated by using a colloid which is prepared from stearate obtained by the dissolution reaction of the hyaluronic acid and the strong alkali solution, stearic acid and the strong alkali solution, and the radioactive waste scintillation liquid is locked in the active carbon, the starch and the cellulose, so that the final solidification is realized, and the dissipation of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid is avoided.)

1. A method of solidifying spent radioactive scintillation fluid, comprising the steps of:

step 1: adding a curing agent comprising starch, cellulose, stearic acid and activated carbon into the radioactive waste scintillation fluid to obtain a mixture I;

step 2: heating the mixture I obtained in the step 1 in an environment of 70-100 ℃ until stearic acid in the mixture I is completely dissolved to obtain a mixture II;

and step 3: and (3) adding a strong base solution with the molar concentration of 5-10 mol/L into the mixture II obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 70-100 ℃, then stirring and reacting for 2-3min to fully mix the strong base solution and the mixture II, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a solidified body of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid.

2. The method for solidifying the radioactive waste scintillation fluid according to claim 1, wherein 0.2g to 0.6g of starch, 0.1g to 0.5g of cellulose, 0.1g to 0.3g of stearic acid and 0.1g to 0.3g of activated carbon are added to 1mL of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid in the step 1.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein 0.4g of starch, 0.3g of cellulose, 0.2g of stearic acid and 0.2g of activated carbon are added to 1mL of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid in the step 1.

4. The method for solidifying radioactive spent scintillation fluid according to claim 1, wherein the molar concentration of the alkali solution in step 3 is 8 mol/L.

5. The method for solidifying the radioactive waste scintillation fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the volume ratio of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid to the strong alkali solution in the step 3 is 1 (0.1-0.3).

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the volume ratio of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid to the strong alkaline solution in the step 3 is 1: 0.2.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the strong alkaline solution in step 3 is NaOH or KOH solution.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste treatment, in particular to a method for solidifying radioactive waste scintillation fluid.

Background

The radioactive waste scintillation liquid is radioactive organic waste liquid produced by a scintillation spectrometer in a radionuclide analysis process, contains radionuclides such as tritium, strontium and plutonium, has fluidity, and has great potential danger of long-term temporary storage. The main methods for treating the radioactive waste scintillation liquid include a burning method, a distillation method, a solidification method, a refining method and the like, wherein the distillation method, the solidification method and the refining method are complex in treatment process and cannot achieve the purpose of final disposal, the subsequent treatment investment is large, and the burning method is a feasible and most ideal volume reduction method for treating the radioactive waste scintillation liquid. Due to the limitation of radioactive liquid transportation, most of radioactive waste scintillation liquid generated by facility operation units can only be temporarily stored in each unit, and cannot be incinerated. Therefore, it has become one of the research hotspots in the field how to reduce the storage and transportation risks of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid and finally to incinerate the concentrated radioactive waste scintillation fluid.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems of transport risk, temporary storage risk and the like of radioactive liquid waste in the prior art, the invention provides the method for solidifying the radioactive waste scintillation liquid, which is low in cost and high in solidification speed.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a method of solidifying spent radioactive scintillation fluid comprising the steps of:

step 1: adding a curing agent comprising starch, cellulose, stearic acid and activated carbon into the radioactive waste scintillation fluid to obtain a mixture I;

step 2: heating the mixture I obtained in the step 1 in an environment of 70-100 ℃ until stearic acid in the mixture I is completely dissolved to obtain a mixture II;

and step 3: and (3) adding a strong base solution with the molar concentration of 5-10 mol/L into the mixture II obtained in the step (2) at the temperature of 70-100 ℃, then stirring and reacting for 2-3min to fully mix the strong base solution and the mixture II, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a solidified body of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid.

Preferably, 0.2g to 0.6g of starch, 0.1g to 0.5g of cellulose, 0.1g to 0.3g of stearic acid and 0.1g to 0.3g of activated carbon are added to every 1mL of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid in the step 1.

Preferably, 0.4g of starch, 0.3g of cellulose, 0.2g of stearic acid and 0.2g of activated carbon are added to every 1mL of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid in the step 1.

Preferably, the molar concentration of the strong alkali solution in the step 3 is 8 mol/L.

Preferably, the volume ratio of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid to the strong alkali solution in the step 3 is 1 (0.1-0.3).

Preferably, the volume ratio of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid to the strong alkali solution in the step 3 is 1: 0.2.

Preferably, the strong alkali solution in step 3 is NaOH or KOH.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the method for solidifying the radioactive waste scintillation liquid has the advantages of simple operation, quick solidification reaction, short solidification time and low cost, and can finish the solidification of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid within 2-3 min. And the solidified body of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid solidified by the method has the characteristics of looseness, non-adhesion, low oil permeability, no free liquid and the like, so that the risk of the radioactive waste scintillation fluid escaping in the long-time transportation process is avoided.

(2) The radioactive waste scintillation liquid is solidified by a curing agent comprising starch, cellulose, stearic acid and activated carbon, and the radioactive waste scintillation liquid is adsorbed into the activated carbon, the starch and the cellulose by utilizing the extremely strong adsorption force of the activated carbon and the interaction of the starch, the cellulose and molecules in the radioactive waste scintillation liquid, so that the preliminary solidification of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid is realized; meanwhile, activated carbon, starch and cellulose which absorb the radioactive waste scintillation liquid are coated by using a colloid formed by stearate obtained by reaction of the stearic acid and the strong alkali solution, and the radioactive waste scintillation liquid is further locked in the activated carbon, the starch and the cellulose, so that final solidification of the radioactive waste scintillation liquid is realized. Thereby avoided the useless scintillation liquid of radioactivity risk of losing and the risk of revealing of keeping in storage in long-time transportation.

(3) The invention adopts the curing agents comprising active carbon, starch, cellulose and stearic acid to cure the radioactive waste scintillation liquid, and because the curing agents are all combustible substances, and the cracking weight reduction of the cured body obtained by the method is more than 85 percent according to the experimental result, the waste can be minimized when the cured body is combusted in the later period.

(4) The substances used in the method are low in price and easy to obtain, and the method is simple to operate, so that the cost is low, the difficulty coefficient of later-stage achievement transformation is low, and the method has a wide market prospect.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further clearly and completely described with reference to the following examples, wherein the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available. The cellulose in the following examples is selected from one or more of methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, methyl cellulose derivatives, ethyl cellulose derivatives and hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose derivatives.