阅读说明：本技术 一种全方位扫描的反射面天线 (All-directional scanning reflector antenna ) 是由 李鹏 李增科 刘兴隆 牛耕 于 2020-08-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种全方位扫描的反射面天线,属于通信技术领域。其包括反射面、馈源、馈源支撑结构以及反射面旋转机构。该天线不需要转动反射面天线的馈源,不需要旋转关节等部件,只需转动天线反射面即可实现全方位波束扫描,具有结构简单、系统组成简单的特点,适合用作小型地面站、车载站天线。(The invention discloses a reflector antenna capable of omni-directionally scanning, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The feed source comprises a reflecting surface, a feed source supporting structure and a reflecting surface rotating mechanism. The antenna does not need to rotate a feed source of a reflector antenna, does not need parts such as a rotary joint and the like, can realize all-dimensional beam scanning by only rotating the reflector of the antenna, has the characteristics of simple structure and simple system composition, and is suitable for being used as small ground station and vehicle-mounted station antennas.)

1. A reflector antenna capable of omni-directionally scanning comprises a reflector, a feed source and a feed source supporting structure, wherein the feed source is fixed on the feed source supporting structure; the feed source is vertically arranged and is in offset relation with the reflecting surface, the axis of the feed source is vertical to the axis direction of the reflecting surface, the reflecting surface is fixed on the reflecting surface rotating mechanism and is driven by the reflecting surface rotating mechanism to rotate by taking the axis of the feed source as a rotating shaft.

2. The omni-directional scanning reflector antenna according to claim 1, wherein the reflector rotating mechanism comprises a central shaft and a rotating disk, the feed source supporting structure is arranged on the central shaft, and the reflector is fixed with the rotating disk through a bracket.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a reflector antenna capable of omni-directionally scanning.

Background

In the field of communications, there are several types of reflector antennas that can scan beams, and although they are characterized in performance, they all have some disadvantages:

1) a conventional reflector antenna plus a two-dimensional mechanical turntable. The full airspace beam scanning can be realized, but a two-dimensional mechanical rotating structure is needed, and the structure is complex.

2) A conventional reflector antenna plus a one-dimensional azimuth mechanical turntable. The omnidirectional beam scanning can be realized, but the antenna reflecting surface and the feed source still need to rotate together, and parts such as a rotary joint and the like are needed during continuous rotation, so that the structure is still complex.

3) The feed array illuminates the reflector antenna. Automatic beam scanning is achieved by controlling whether the feed source in the switch feeds or not, but the scanning range is limited and is usually within 10 degrees.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to avoid the defects in the background technology and provides an omnidirectional scanning reflector antenna, which can realize omnidirectional beam scanning only by rotating the reflector of the antenna without rotating a feed source of the reflector antenna, rotating joints and other parts, has the characteristics of simple structure and simple system composition, and is suitable for being used as small ground station and vehicle-mounted station antennas.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a reflector antenna capable of omni-directionally scanning comprises a reflector, a feed source and a feed source supporting structure, wherein the feed source is fixed on the feed source supporting structure; the feed source is vertically arranged and is in an offset relation with the reflecting surface, the central axis of the feed source is perpendicular to the axis direction of the reflecting surface, and the reflecting surface is fixed on the reflecting surface rotating mechanism and driven by the reflecting surface rotating mechanism to rotate by taking the central axis of the feed source as a rotating shaft.

Furthermore, the reflecting surface rotating mechanism comprises a central shaft and a rotating disc, the feed source supporting structure is arranged on the central shaft, and the reflecting surface is fixed with the rotating disc through a support.

Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the invention is provided with the reflecting surface rotating mechanism, and when the reflecting surface continuously rotates on the azimuth plane, the omnidirectional scanning of antenna beams can be realized.

2) The feed source supporting structure of the invention can be directly fixed on the ground or a vehicle body without rotating, and does not need to rotate the feed source connected with a feed cable, and does not need to be provided with parts such as a rotary joint, so the structure is greatly simplified, and particularly when the feed source system is very complicated, the feed source does not rotate, so the structural design is more simplified.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflector antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the projection of the paraboloid of the single offset reflector antenna of fig. 1 in the XZ plane.

Fig. 3 is a schematic projection of the paraboloid of a conventional single offset reflector antenna in the XZ plane.

In the figure: 1, a reflecting surface; 2, a feed source; 3, a feed source supporting structure; and 4, a reflecting surface rotating mechanism.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1, the omni-directional scanning reflector antenna includes a reflector 1, a feed source 2, a feed source support structure 3, and a reflector rotation mechanism 4. The reflecting surface 1 is in a single offset paraboloid shape and is arranged on a reflecting surface rotating mechanism 4, and the reflecting surface rotating mechanism 4 is fixed on the ground or a vehicle body. The rotating part of the reflecting surface rotating mechanism 4 drives the reflecting surface 1 to rotate around the central shaft. The feed source 2 adopts a conventional reflector antenna feed source and is fixed on the feed source supporting structure 3, and the feed source supporting structure is directly fixed on the ground or a vehicle body. The feed source is in offset relation with the reflecting surface, and the axis of the feed source is in vertical relation with the axis direction of the reflecting surface (namely the Z-axis direction). The feed source 2 is connected with external receiving and transmitting equipment through a cable.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the reflecting surface is a single offset paraboloid. The main parameters of a single offset paraboloid are: antenna aperture D, parabolic focal length f, offset angle psi₀Half angle of illumination psi_aClear pitch angle psi_cClear distance H, focal length diameter ratio τ = f/D. The projection of the paraboloid on the XZ plane is a parabola, and the equation of the parabola is as follows: x is the number of²= 4fz。ψ=ψ₀Is the central axis of the feed source, i.e. the direction of the feed source opening,. psi₀Is the angle between the direction of the feed source port and the beam direction, and has a structure phi₀Namely the included angle between the feed source axis and the reflecting surface axis.

FIG. 3 is a parabolic projection of a conventional single offset reflector antenna with a parabolic parameter offset angle psi₀Generally between 35 degrees and 45 degrees, and the included angle between the direction of the feed source port and the beam direction is between 35 degrees and 45 degrees.

Unlike fig. 3, the reflector antenna in this example also uses a single offset paraboloid, but the parabola parameter offset angle ψ₀The angle between the direction of the feed source port and the beam direction is 90 degrees, when the reflecting surface rotates around the feed source central shaft, the intersection point of the feed source central shaft and the reflecting surface is unchanged, and a single offset structure between the feed source and the reflecting surface is always kept, so that when the reflecting surface rotates, the beam direction of the antenna scans in the azimuth plane and the performance of the antenna is unchanged.

Further, referring to fig. 2, the main parameters of the single offset paraboloid are: antenna aperture D =2042.6mm, parabolic focal length f =1500mm, offset angle psi₀=90 °, half irradiation angle ψ_a=18.8 °, clear pitch angle ψ_c=71.2 °, clear distance H =2147.8mm, focal length to diameter ratio τ = f/D = 0.7344. The working frequency of the antenna is 1200MHz, the antenna gain is 27.08dB through calculation, and the beam width is 8 degrees.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the signal is transmitted, the signal sent by the transmitting equipment is transmitted to the space through the feed source 2 and is reflected to the free space through the reflecting surface 1 to form a high-gain wave beam, the rotating part of the reflecting surface rotating mechanism 4 rotates to drive the reflecting surface 1 to rotate around the central shaft, and the high-gain wave beam is transmitted to the designated azimuth direction. The receiving and transmitting of the antenna are reciprocal processes, the rotating part of the reflecting surface rotating mechanism 4 drives the reflecting surface 1 to rotate around the central shaft, so that the antenna beam is aligned to a certain direction, the free space signal from the direction is reflected to the feed source 2 through the reflecting surface 1, and the signal is output to the external receiving equipment after being converted by the feed source 2.

In a word, the feed source supporting structure of the reflector antenna is directly fixed on the ground or a vehicle body without rotating, the reflector is connected with the reflector rotating mechanism, and the rotating structure continuously rotates on the azimuth plane, so that the reflector is driven to continuously rotate on the azimuth plane. The feed source is in offset relation with the reflecting surface, the axis of the feed source is in vertical relation with the axis of the reflecting surface, and when the reflecting surface continuously rotates on the azimuth plane, the omnidirectional scanning of antenna beams can be realized. The reflector antenna has the characteristics of simple structure and simple system composition, and is suitable for being used as a small ground station antenna and a vehicle-mounted station antenna.