阅读说明：本技术 一种基于甜菜红素的便捷禽肉及鱼虾类新鲜度智能指示膜及其制备方法 (Betanine-based convenient intelligent indicating film for freshness of poultry meat, fish and shrimp and preparation method thereof ) 是由 廖红梅 刘元法 艾雅娜 李琦婷 王若萱 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于甜菜红素的便捷禽肉及鱼虾类新鲜度智能指示膜及其制备方法,属于食品工程领域。该智能指示膜的制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)配置含2-60mg/kg甜菜红素的制膜浆料,调节pH为7.2-8.0；(2)将所述制膜浆料剪切、均质,得到成膜浆料；(3)将所述成膜浆料进行涂布或浇注流延成膜胚；(4)将所述膜胚干燥、揭膜,得到含有甜菜红素的智能指示膜。该智能指示膜中甜菜红素响应生鲜禽肉及鱼虾类腐败产生生物胺,智能指示膜颜色由红色/粉红逐渐转变为黄色乃至无色；将反应后智能指示膜与标准比色卡进行比较,可推算样品中生物胺的含量,并判断其新鲜程度。(The invention discloses a convenient poultry and fish and shrimp freshness intelligent indicating film based on betanine and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of food engineering. The preparation method of the intelligent indicating film comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a film-making slurry containing 2-60mg/kg of betacyanin, and adjusting the pH to 7.2-8.0; (2) shearing and homogenizing the film-making slurry to obtain film-forming slurry; (3) coating or casting the film-forming slurry to form a film blank; (4) and drying the membrane embryo, and uncovering the membrane to obtain the intelligent indicating membrane containing the betacyanin. The betanin in the intelligent indicating film responds to the putrefaction of fresh poultry meat and fishes and shrimps to generate biogenic amine, and the color of the intelligent indicating film is gradually changed from red/pink into yellow or even colorless; and comparing the reacted intelligent indicating film with a standard colorimetric card, calculating the content of the biogenic amine in the sample, and judging the freshness of the biogenic amine.)

1. A convenient poultry and fish and shrimp freshness intelligent indicating film based on betanine is characterized in that a preparation method of the indicating film comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing a film-making slurry containing 2-60mg/kg of betacyanin, and adjusting the pH to 7.2-8.0;

(2) shearing and homogenizing the film-making slurry to obtain film-forming slurry;

(3) coating or casting the film-forming slurry to form a film blank;

(4) and drying the membrane embryo, and uncovering the membrane to obtain the intelligent indicating membrane containing the betacyanin.

2. The betacyanin-based convenient intelligent poultry and fish and shrimp freshness indicating film as claimed in claim 1, wherein raw materials of the film-making slurry comprise a chromogenic substrate and a film-forming substrate, wherein the chromogenic substrate comprises any one or more of betacyanin, red pulp dragon fruit juice and red dragon fruit peel; the film-forming substrate comprises polysaccharide and glycerol, the polysaccharide comprises any one or more of starch, pectin and chitosan, and in the film-forming slurry, the mass concentration of the polysaccharide is 2-8 wt%, and the mass concentration of the glycerol is 0.5-1.2 wt%; pulping the raw materials to obtain the membrane preparation slurry.

3. The betacyanin-based convenient intelligent indication film for freshness of poultry meat, fish and shrimp as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials of the film-making pulp are one or two of red-meat pitaya juice and red pitaya peel, and the film-making pulp is obtained after the raw materials are pulped.

4. The betacyanin-based convenient intelligent indicator film for freshness of poultry, fish and shrimp according to claim 1, wherein the cutting method is cutting for 1-5min by using a high-speed shearing machine 10000-.

5. The betacyanin-based convenient intelligent poultry and fish and shrimp freshness indicating film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the homogenization method is to homogenize for 2 times at 25MPa by using a homogenizer, and the temperature of the film-forming slurry is controlled to be less than or equal to 20 ℃ by controlling the feeding temperature in the whole homogenization process.

6. The betacyanin-based convenient intelligent poultry and fish and shrimp freshness indicating film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating method is coating by using a special coating die, the casting and casting method is casting by using a stainless steel die, and the thickness of the film blank is 0.5-1.5 mm.

7. The betacyanin-based convenient intelligent poultry and fish and shrimp freshness indicating film as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying method is vacuum drying under the conditions that: 0.08MPa and 35 ℃; or controlling humidity and air drying, wherein the conditions are as follows: RH 50%, 30 ℃.

8. An intelligent package comprising the indicating film according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Use of the indicator film according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for evaluating the freshness of fresh poultry and fish and shrimp, wherein the fresh poultry and fish and shrimp comprise fresh pork, beef, mutton, chicken, duck, freshwater fish or fish thereof, marine fish or fish thereof, and shrimp.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of food engineering, and particularly relates to a poultry and fish and shrimp freshness indicating film based on betacyanin and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Food safety has always been one of the focus social and scientific issues of continuing concern in all communities. Poultry meat, fish and shrimp are food materials from which high-quality protein is obtained by human beings, and occupy important nutritional positions in daily life of people. During storage of fresh poultry meat and products, proteins and amino acids are converted into biogenic amines such as tyramine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine due to microbial propagation and the presence of transaminase; during storage, fresh fishes and shrimps can generate dimethylamine, trimethylamine, putrescine, fatty spermine and the like along with the putrefaction of meat quality. The trace biogenic amine is a normal active ingredient in organisms and has important physiological regulation function in biological cells. However, when a human body ingests excessive biogenic amine, especially when a plurality of biogenic amines are ingested at the same time, allergic reactions such as headache, nausea, palpitation, blood pressure change, respiratory disorder and the like are easily caused, and the life can be threatened when the allergic reactions are serious.

At present, the detection methods of biogenic amine in poultry meat, fish and shrimp mainly comprise liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and sensitive biosensor method. The methods can provide accurate detection for specific types, contents and the like of biogenic amines in poultry, fish and shrimp. However, these methods are not universal, and must be performed by professional detection equipment, which is more suitable for the detection personnel and scientific research personnel with working conditions. The freshness of poultry meat, fish and shrimp can be judged only by sensory evaluation such as color, texture, smell and the like for a wide consumer group, and whether the poultry meat, fish and shrimp can be eaten or not is determined. However, the method has individual sensory differences, and is easy to misjudge and eat, so that physical discomfort or poisoning is caused by the ingestion of the fresh poultry meat, the fishes and the shrimps.

Therefore, if the detection method can be designed based on the basic principle that natural pigment substances change color in response to the reaction of biogenic amine, the biogenic amine content can be accurately reacted, the detection method is intelligent and convenient, effective basis is provided for quality inspection personnel to quickly inspect and ordinary consumers to judge, and the purpose of intelligently and conveniently indicating the freshness of poultry meat, fish and shrimp can be achieved. If the pigment is derived from food materials, the pigment can reach safe, nontoxic and edible grade, and can directly contact with food and expand the application range of the pigment in poultry meat, fish and shrimp products.

The betacyanin as a natural pH response pigment can sensitively carry out colorimetric response on volatile biogenic amine, and is a natural and safe freshness indicator. One of the technical problems faced by using the betacyanin as an indication film for indicating freshness of poultry meat and fish and shrimp is that the types and contents of biogenic amines generated in different poultry meat and fish and shrimp are different, but the betacyanin is stable at pH3-7 and has a rose or pink color, which may cause that the indication film cannot accurately develop color according to the change of biogenic amine content. Therefore, how to prepare an indicating membrane based on betacyanin and make the indicating membrane quickly and accurately respond to a biological amine reaction is a problem to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a convenient poultry and fish and shrimp freshness intelligent indicating film based on betanine and a preparation method thereof. The betanin in the intelligent indicating film responds to the putrefaction of fresh poultry meat and fishes and shrimps to generate biogenic amine, and the color of the intelligent indicating film is gradually changed from red/pink into yellow or even colorless; and comparing the reacted intelligent indicating film with a standard colorimetric card, calculating the content of the biogenic amine in the sample, and judging the freshness of the biogenic amine.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a convenient poultry and fish and shrimp freshness intelligent indicating film based on betanine is prepared by the following steps:

(1) preparing a film-making slurry containing 2-60mg/kg of betacyanin, and adjusting the pH to 7.2-8.0;

(2) shearing and homogenizing the film-making slurry to obtain film-forming slurry;

(3) coating or casting the film-forming slurry to form a film blank;

(4) and drying the membrane embryo, and uncovering the membrane to obtain the intelligent indicating membrane containing the betacyanin.

The raw materials of the film-making slurry comprise a chromogenic substrate and a film-forming substrate, wherein the chromogenic substrate comprises any one or more of betanine, red pulp dragon fruit juice and red dragon fruit peel; the film-forming substrate comprises polysaccharide and glycerol, the polysaccharide comprises any one or more of starch, pectin and chitosan, and in the film-forming slurry, the mass concentration of the polysaccharide is 2-8 wt%, and the mass concentration of the glycerol is 0.5-1.2 wt%; pulping the raw materials to obtain the membrane preparation slurry.

The raw materials of the film-making slurry are one or two of red pulp dragon fruit juice and red dragon fruit peel, and the film-making slurry is obtained after the raw materials are pulped.

The shearing method is to shear for 1-5min by using a high-speed shearing machine at 10000-.

The homogenizing method comprises homogenizing for 2 times at 25MPa by a homogenizer, and controlling the temperature of the film-forming slurry to be less than or equal to 20 ℃ by controlling the feeding temperature in the whole homogenizing process.

The coating method is to adopt a special coating die for coating, the casting and tape casting method is to adopt a stainless steel die for casting, and the thickness of the film blank is 0.5-1.5 mm.

The drying method is vacuum drying under the conditions that: 0.08MPa and 35 ℃; or controlling humidity and air drying, wherein the conditions are as follows: RH 50%, 30 ℃.

An intelligent packaging box comprises the indicating film.

The application of the indicating film in evaluating the freshness of fresh poultry meat, fish and shrimp includes fresh pork, beef, mutton, chicken, duck meat, freshwater fish or fish meat thereof, seawater fish or fish meat thereof, and shrimp.

The obtained indicating film can be used for intelligently detecting the freshness of poultry meat and fishes and shrimps, wherein the content of betacyanin in the film-making slurry and the pH value of the slurry are respectively adjusted according to the quantity of biogenic amine generated when the poultry meat and the fishes and shrimps are decayed: one, the betacyanin content is 2-30mg/kg, and the pH value is 7.4-7.8; and the content of betacyanin is 10-60mg/kg, and the pH value is 7.2-8.0.

By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages:

(1) the research of the invention finds that the indicating membrane containing betacyanin with proper concentration can accurately respond to biogenic amine with different concentrations to develop color after the proper initial pH value is adjusted, and further indicates the freshness of poultry meat and fishes and shrimps from biogenic amine (the freshness is judged by judging the biogenic amine content, and the biogenic amine content is less than 20, 20-45 and more than 45 mg/kg). The intelligent indicating film prepared by the invention is convenient, safe, nontoxic and edible to use; and the intelligent package can be further prepared by combining with a packaging material, so that the quick and accurate freshness judgment standard of poultry meat and fishes and shrimps is provided for consumers and quality inspection departments.

(2) The prepared intelligent indicating film retains more than 98% of betacyanin in the pulp, and the intelligent indicating film has bright red or light pink of betacyanin.

(3) Betanin in the obtained intelligent indicating film responds to the putrefaction of fresh poultry meat and fishes and shrimps to generate biogenic amine, and the color of the intelligent indicating film is gradually changed from red/pink into yellow or even colorless; and comparing the reacted intelligent indicating film with a standard colorimetric card, calculating the content of the biogenic amine in the sample, and judging the freshness of the biogenic amine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an indicating film obtained in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the color response of different betacyanin contents under different pH conditions;

FIG. 3 is the effect of initial pH of betacyanin on the color development results;

fig. 4 is an application example of the intelligent packaging box on fresh pork.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.