阅读说明：本技术 一种地基双波段云量自动观测系统和方法 (Automatic observation system and method for cloud amount of foundation dual-waveband ) 是由 夏营威 王依人 张龙 高震宇 吴佳玲 邓国庆 刘勇 于 2020-06-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种地基双波段云量自动观测系统和方法,该系统包括成像单元,所述成像单元包括可见光成像模块和红外成像模块,所述可见光成像模块和红外成像模块平行向上设置；数据处理单元,接收成像单元采集的天空图像后,分析云量信息；数据传输单元,将云图原始数据、经数据处理单元分析处理后得到的云量数据传输至客户端；内层壳体和外层壳体。该发明能够同时刻获取可见光(450～650nm)波段和红外(8～14um)波段的全天空图像和云量信息,实现云量昼夜连续观测,两个波段成像可以相互验证和补充,获得更加准确的云量信息。内层壳体可以为数据处理单元和数据传输单元中的电路和元器件提供相对稳定的内部环境,提高系统的鲁棒性。(A ground-based dual-band cloud automatic observation system and a method thereof are provided, the system comprises an imaging unit, the imaging unit comprises a visible light imaging module and an infrared imaging module, and the visible light imaging module and the infrared imaging module are arranged upwards in parallel; the data processing unit is used for analyzing the cloud cover information after receiving the sky image collected by the imaging unit; the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the cloud picture original data and the cloud amount data obtained after the cloud picture original data are analyzed and processed by the data processing unit to the client; an inner shell and an outer shell. The method can acquire all-sky images and cloud cover information of visible light (450-650 nm) wave bands and infrared (8-14 um) wave bands at the same time, realize day and night continuous observation of cloud cover, and realize mutual verification and supplement of imaging of the two wave bands to acquire more accurate cloud cover information. The inner shell can provide a relatively stable internal environment for circuits and components in the data processing unit and the data transmission unit, and the robustness of the system is improved.)

1. A ground-based dual-band cloud automatic observation system is characterized by comprising

The imaging device comprises an imaging unit (1), wherein the imaging unit (1) comprises a visible light imaging module (11) and an infrared imaging module (12), and the visible light imaging module and the infrared imaging module (12) are arranged upwards in parallel;

the data processing unit (3) is used for analyzing cloud cover information after receiving the sky image collected by the imaging unit (1);

the data transmission unit (4) is used for transmitting the cloud picture original data and the cloud amount data obtained after the cloud picture original data and the cloud amount data are analyzed and processed by the data processing unit (3) to the client;

the inner shell (61) provides an internal environment for internal circuits and components in the imaging unit (1), the data processing unit (3) and the data transmission unit (4);

an air chamber is formed between the outer casing (62) and the inner casing (61).

2. The system for automatically observing cloud amount of a foundation dual-band according to claim 1, further comprising an environment adjusting unit (2) for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the environment in the inner shell (61), wherein the environment adjusting unit (2) is connected with the data transmission unit (4).

3. The automatic observation system for cloud cover of foundation dual band as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a dust removal unit (5), wherein said dust removal unit (5) comprises an air supply mechanism, installed at the bottom of the system instrument, forming an air duct from bottom to top.

4. The automatic observation system of cloud of two bands of ground based of claim 2, characterized in that, the visual field of said visible light imaging module (11) is 180 °, and the visual field of said infrared imaging module (12) is 160 °.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the data transmission unit (4) comprises a 4G wireless network and a local Ethernet.

6. The method for using the automatic ground-based dual-band cloud observation system of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:

s1, the data processing unit (3) acquires longitude and latitude data of the position of the system, calculates sunrise and sunset time of the position, and determines the working time period of a visible light imaging module (11) in the imaging unit (1); adjusting the temperature and humidity in the inner shell (61); setting a collection period for controlling the imaging unit (1) to collect sky visible light and infrared images by the data processing unit (3);

s2, the data processing unit (3) respectively processes the collected sky original visible light and infrared images to obtain visible light cloud data and infrared cloud data;

s3, the data processing unit (3) combines the infrared cloud amount data and the visible light cloud amount data at the same moment to calculate and obtain the comprehensive cloud amount at the moment;

and S4, the data transmission unit (4) sends the acquired original image, the cloud cover data and the comprehensive cloud cover to the client.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S1, the visible light imaging module (11) is operated from sunrise to sunset, and the infrared imaging module (12) is operated all the day.

8. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S2, the data processing unit (3) processes the collected sky original visible light image by the following steps: the method comprises the steps of image white balance correction, image enhancement, mask processing, cloud point pixel identification and image segmentation.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein in step S2, the data processing unit (3) processes the collected sky original infrared image by the following steps: the method comprises the steps of infrared image gray level enhancement, atmospheric background radiation correction, mask processing, cloud segmentation threshold calculation, cloud image segmentation, cloud amount calculation and pseudo-color result image generation.

10. The method according to claim 7, wherein in step S3, the calculation formula of the integrated cloud cover is:wherein C is_comDenotes the comprehensive cloud amount, C_visRepresenting the cloud amount of visible light, C_irRepresenting the infrared cloud amount.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological observation, in particular to a system and a method for automatically observing cloud amount of a foundation dual-waveband.

Background

The formation of cloud has a close relationship with the evolution and the weather change, and has an important influence on the judgment of the weather mode and the weather forecast. Meanwhile, the continuous observation and analysis result of the cloud cover data can be used for solar energy capacity prediction and photovoltaic power generation performance evaluation. The cloud amount automatic observation instrument of the present cloud amount automatic observation equipment is widely applied to various meteorological observation stations, and also has application in the fields of high-precision meteorological observation with high requirements such as meteorological science, remote measurement, solar resource research, aviation/ship meteorology and the like.

Existing all-Sky imaging products, such as wsi (white Sky Imager), tsi (Total Sky Imager), and ground-based all-Sky Imager TCI (Total-Sky cloud Imager) of ARM corporation, have an automatic continuous observation function in the visible light band. In addition, Infrared Cloud amount observation equipment developed based on an atmospheric downward Infrared (8-14 um) radiation information inversion Sky Cloud amount technology, such as a scanning Infrared Cloud measurement system WSIRCMS (white Sky extracted Cloud measurement system) developed by Sunjian team, SIRIS developed by Jiangsu radio science research institute and the like, can also realize continuous observation of the whole-Sky Cloud amount, and the Infrared band Cloud observation equipment has a small Sky field of view in a single observation, so that a whole-Sky Infrared image needs to be obtained through multiple scanning and then subjected to Cloud amount analysis.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to realize day-night continuous observation of cloud amount, the invention provides a ground-based dual-band cloud amount automatic observation system and a method. The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a system for automatically observing cloud amount of foundation dual-waveband comprises

The imaging unit comprises a visible light imaging module and an infrared imaging module, and the visible light imaging module and the infrared imaging module are arranged upwards in parallel;

the data processing unit is used for analyzing the cloud cover information after receiving the sky image collected by the imaging unit;

the data transmission unit is used for transmitting the cloud picture original data and the cloud amount data obtained after the cloud picture original data are analyzed and processed by the data processing unit to the client;

the inner shell provides an internal environment for internal circuits and components in the imaging unit, the data processing unit and the data transmission unit;

and an air cavity is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell.

The optimized temperature and humidity adjusting device further comprises an environment adjusting unit used for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the environment in the inner shell, and the environment adjusting unit is connected with the data transmission unit.

The device is characterized by further comprising a dust removal unit, wherein the dust removal unit comprises an air supply mechanism and is arranged at the bottom of the system instrument to form an air channel from bottom to top.

Preferably, the visual field of the visible light imaging module is 180 degrees, and the visual field of the infrared imaging module is 160 degrees.

Preferably, the data transmission unit comprises a 4G wireless network and a local Ethernet.

The method for using the automatic ground-based dual-band cloud amount observation system comprises the following steps:

s1, the data processing unit acquires longitude and latitude data of the position of the system, calculates sunrise and sunset time of the position and determines the working time period of a visible light imaging module in the imaging unit; adjusting the temperature and humidity in the inner shell; setting a collection period for controlling an imaging unit to collect sky visible light and infrared images by a data processing unit;

s2, the data processing unit respectively processes the collected sky original visible light and infrared images to obtain visible light cloud data and infrared cloud data;

s3, the data processing unit combines the infrared cloud amount data and the visible light cloud amount data at the same moment to calculate and obtain the comprehensive cloud amount at the moment;

and S4, the data transmission unit sends the acquired original image, the cloud cover data and the comprehensive cloud cover to the client.

Specifically, in step S1, the visible light imaging module operates from sunrise to sunset, and the infrared imaging module operates all the day.

Specifically, in step S2, the steps of processing the collected sky original visible light image by the data processing unit are sequentially: the method comprises the steps of image white balance correction, image enhancement, mask processing, cloud point pixel identification and image segmentation.

Specifically, in step S2, the steps of processing the acquired sky original infrared image by the data processing unit are sequentially: the method comprises the steps of infrared image gray level enhancement, atmospheric background radiation correction, mask processing, cloud segmentation threshold calculation, cloud image segmentation, cloud amount calculation and pseudo-color result image generation.

Specifically, in step S3, the calculation formula of the integrated cloud amount is:

wherein C is_comDenotes the comprehensive cloud amount, C_visRepresenting the cloud amount of visible light, C_irRepresenting the infrared cloud amount.

The invention has the advantages that:

(1) compared with other all-sky imaging systems, the system can acquire all-sky images and cloud information of visible light (450-650 nm) wave bands and infrared (8-14 um) wave bands at the same time, achieve day-night continuous observation of cloud amount, and achieve mutual verification and supplement of imaging of the two wave bands to obtain more accurate cloud amount information. The inner shell can provide a relatively stable internal environment for circuits and components in the data processing unit and the data transmission unit, the robustness of the system is improved, and the air cavity formed by sealing between the outer shell and the inner shell can play a role in heat preservation and heat insulation in the inner shell.

(2) The environment adjusting unit is used for detecting the temperature and humidity environment inside the inner shell, the external controller controls the working state of the environment adjusting unit through the data transmission unit according to the environment data fed back by the environment adjusting unit, and controls the environment adjusting unit to control the temperature and humidity inside the inner shell within a limited range.

(3) The dust removal unit can prolong the manual maintenance period and meet the requirement of long-time unattended operation of the instrument.

(4) The cloud cover observation system provided by the invention realizes all-weather 24-hour observation through visible light plus infrared band observation in daytime and infrared band observation at night.

(5) The infrared imaging unit is composed of a customized wide-angle infrared lens and a large-target-surface infrared photosensitive chip without scanning and splicing, and a sky infrared image with a higher resolution and a field of view of not less than 160 degrees can be obtained through one-time imaging, so that the development cost of an instrument is reduced, and the post-processing difficulty of the infrared image is reduced.

(6) The system is provided with an inner shell and an outer shell, and is sealed and provided with an environment adjusting unit, the protection grade reaches the IP65 grade, the environmental adaptability is strong, and the long-term outdoor work requirement is met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a ground based dual band cloud observation system.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the outline of a ground-based dual-band cloud observation system.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a visible light imaging module.

Fig. 4 is a structural view of the light chopping board.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an automatic observation method for foundation dual-band cloud amount.

Fig. 6 is a view showing a captured visible band sky image.

Fig. 7 is an image of the sky shown as captured in the infrared band.

The notations in the figures have the following meanings:

1-imaging unit 11-visible light imaging module 111-protective cover 112-lens

113-light shielding assembly 1131-light chopping board 1132-driving part 114-visible light camera

12-infrared imaging module

2-environment adjusting unit 3-data processing unit 4-data transmission unit

5-dust removal unit 61-inner shell 62-outer shell

Detailed Description