阅读说明：本技术 一种电动轨道无人植保机及充电加液方法 (Electric rail unmanned plant protection machine and charging liquid adding method ) 是由 张�林 彭成美 于 2019-03-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种电动轨道无人植保机及充电加液方法,包括轨道、无人植保机,所述轨道为高架轨道,通过立柱或绳索安装在地面上方,所述轨道含有充电区,所述充电区的轨道上安装有充电装置,充电装置输出直流电；所述无人植保机包含机体、行走机构、驱动机构、电池；无人植保机采用电能作为动力源,电能由电池供电,电池通过无人植保机与充电装置接触或者感应充电；无人植保机通过轮式行走机构沿轨道行驶；所述机体下部安装有储液箱和喷液装置；无人植保机通过离心力将药液破碎成细小雾滴颗粒,实现药物喷洒；该种无人植保机相对人工药物喷洒有效提高了效率,降低了作业成本；相比植保无人机,不仅降低了成本和操控难度,而且杜绝了炸机问题。(An electric rail unmanned plant protection machine and a charging liquid adding method comprise a rail and the unmanned plant protection machine, wherein the rail is an elevated rail and is arranged above the ground through an upright post or a rope, the rail comprises a charging area, a charging device is arranged on the rail of the charging area, and the charging device outputs direct current; the unmanned plant protection machine comprises a machine body, a traveling mechanism, a driving mechanism and a battery; the unmanned plant protection machine adopts electric energy as a power source, the electric energy is supplied by a battery, and the battery is in contact with or inductively charged by the charging device through the unmanned plant protection machine; the unmanned plant protection machine runs along the track through the wheel type running mechanism; the lower part of the machine body is provided with a liquid storage tank and a liquid spraying device; the unmanned plant protection machine crushes the liquid medicine into fine fog drop particles through centrifugal force to realize medicine spraying; the unmanned plant protection machine effectively improves the efficiency of spraying the artificial medicine and reduces the operation cost; compare plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, not only the cost is reduced and the degree of difficulty is controlled, has stopped the machine problem of frying moreover.)

1. An electric rail unmanned plant protection machine comprises a rail and the unmanned plant protection machine, wherein the rail is an elevated rail and is fixedly arranged at a position with a certain height away from the ground through an upright post or a rope,

the unmanned plant protection machine comprises a machine body, a traveling mechanism, a driving mechanism and a battery; the unmanned plant protection machine adopts electric energy as a power source, and the electric energy is supplied by a battery; the travelling mechanism, the driving mechanism and the battery are all arranged on the machine body; the traveling mechanism is a wheel type traveling mechanism and is driven by a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism adopts an electric driving mode, and the unmanned plant protection machine travels along a track through the traveling mechanism.

2. The unmanned plant protection machine of claim 1, wherein: the track comprises a charging area, and a charging device is arranged on the track of the charging area; the track is made of steel, and the height of the track from the ground can be adjusted through an upright post or a rope; the liquid storage tank and the liquid spraying device are mounted at the lower part of the machine body, the liquid spraying device comprises a spray pipe support, a spray pipe and a spray head, the spray pipe support is connected with the machine body through a revolute pair, the revolute pair is a driving pair and driven by a motor, the spray pipe is fixedly mounted on the spray pipe support, and the spray head is mounted on the spray pipe; a liquid inlet is arranged on the machine body and is communicated with the liquid storage tank; the liquid feeding box is installed to track one end, and liquid feeding box one side is equipped with the liquid feeding pipe, and liquid feeding pipe one end is equipped with the liquid outlet.

3. The charging method of the electric rail unmanned plant protection machine, which is suitable for the claim 1, is characterized in that a battery of the unmanned plant protection machine is charged in a mode of contact between the unmanned plant protection machine and a charging device or electromagnetic induction, and comprises the following steps:

1) when the unmanned plant protection machine needs to be charged, the unmanned plant protection machine drives into a charging area of the track along the track;

2) the battery of the unmanned plant protection machine can be charged in two ways in a rail charging area:

the first method is as follows: the unmanned plant protection machine is contacted with a charging device of a charging area through an electrode, and the charging device outputs direct current to realize battery charging of the unmanned plant protection machine;

the second method comprises the following steps: the machine body of the unmanned plant protection machine is provided with a receiving coil, the charging device of the charging area is provided with a power transmission coil, and the battery of the unmanned plant protection machine is wirelessly charged through electromagnetic induction between the unmanned plant protection machine and the charging device of the charging area;

3) and after the charging of the unmanned plant protection machine is finished, the unmanned plant protection machine is driven away from a charging area along the track to continue the operation.

4. The liquid adding method applicable to the unmanned plant protection machine for the electric track as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid storage tank of the unmanned plant protection machine is filled in an unmanned liquid adding mode, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) when liquid needs to be added into a liquid storage tank of the unmanned plant protection machine, the unmanned plant protection machine approaches the liquid adding tank along a track;

2) when the liquid inlet of the unmanned plant protection machine is positioned under the liquid outlet, liquid in the liquid adding box flows into the liquid storage box of the unmanned plant protection machine through the liquid adding pipe, the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet, and the liquid adding process is completed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of unmanned plant protection equipment, in particular to an electric rail unmanned plant protection machine and a charging liquid adding method.

Background

The agricultural chemical yield and the usage amount of the agricultural chemical in China are the first worldwide, and with the wide application of the agricultural chemical in agricultural production, the negative problems of large pesticide usage amount, multiple pesticide application times, poisoning of operating personnel, overproof agricultural product pesticide residue, environmental pollution and the like seriously threaten the safety of workers, food and environment in China, cause undesirable loss and other adverse consequences, and are caused by the relative lagging of pesticide application machinery and technology in China and the less than 30 percent of effective utilization rate of the pesticide. Along with the research and development of accurate intelligent spraying technology and accurate pesticide application plant protection equipment, the plant protection accurate pesticide application technical equipment is applied to agricultural production practice, and various modernization technologies and methods such as remote sensing technology, sensor detection technology, mechanical and electrical integration technology, navigation technology, signal acquisition and data processing are applied to the accurate pesticide application technical equipment by combining the advantages of related subjects such as agriculture, pesticides and plant protection, a series of novel modernization plant protection accurate pesticide application technical equipment is sequentially sent out and is applied to agricultural production in a large quantity.

The plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is an unmanned aircraft for agriculture and forestry plant protection operation, and comprises three parts of a flight platform (a fixed wing, a helicopter and a multi-axis aircraft), a navigation flight control mechanism and a spraying mechanism, and realizes spraying operation through ground remote control or navigation flight control, and can spray medicament, seeds, powder and the like. Plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is the most extensive one kind of unmanned plant protection of current application accurate pesticide application technical equipment, and it is low to have an operation height, drifts less, can hover in the air, need not special airport of taking off and land, and the downward air current that the rotor produced helps increasing fog and flows the penetrability to the crop, and prevention and cure effect is high, and advantages such as remote control operation compare hanging plant protection machine, towed medicine machine of spouting, and plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle has higher operating efficiency and better effect of giving medicine to poor free of charge.

Although plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles have many advantages, there are also many problems. Firstly, the endurance time of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is short, and particularly, the endurance time of the electric plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is about 10 minutes generally; secondly, the pesticide box of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is small, the pesticide is frequently added, the pesticide box is influenced by the hanging capacity of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the volume of the pesticide box of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is usually only 10-20L, and the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle needs to change pesticide continuously in the operation process; thirdly, the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is complex to operate, the flight control technical requirement on the flying hand is high, and the majority of agricultural practitioners only have certain flight control skills through professional training; in addition, the navigation flight control equipment of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is high in cost, and the selling price of the electric plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle is usually more than 15 thousands; in addition, the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle inevitably has the problem of falling into the machine, exploding the machine, brings huge loss for the agricultural practitioner.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims at the defects of the existing plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, and provides an electric rail unmanned plant protection machine and a charging and liquid adding method.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an electric rail unmanned plant protection machine comprises a rail and the unmanned plant protection machine, wherein the rail is an elevated rail and is fixedly installed at a position with a certain height away from the ground through an upright post or a rope, the rail comprises a charging area, and a charging device is installed on the rail of the charging area; the unmanned plant protection machine comprises a machine body, a traveling mechanism, a driving mechanism and a battery; the unmanned plant protection machine adopts electric energy as a power source, the electric energy is supplied by a battery, and the walking mechanism, the driving mechanism and the battery are all arranged on the machine body; the traveling mechanism is a wheel type traveling mechanism and is driven by a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism adopts an electric driving mode, and the unmanned plant protection machine travels along a track through the traveling mechanism. The battery is charged in a mode of contact or electromagnetic induction between the unmanned plant protection machine and the charging device; when the battery of the unmanned plant protection machine is charged in a mode that the unmanned plant protection machine is contacted with the charging device, the machine body is provided with an electrode, when the unmanned plant protection machine moves into a charging area along a track, the electrode is contacted with the charging device, the charging device outputs direct current, and the direct current is used for charging the battery of the unmanned plant protection machine through the electrode; when unmanned plant protection machine's battery adopts the electromagnetic induction mode to charge, install receiving coil on the organism, charging device is last to install power transmission coil, charges for the battery through electromagnetic induction between unmanned plant protection machine and the charging device. In the practical application process, the track of this kind of unmanned plant protection of electronic track machine can be set up according to the actual conditions in farmland is nimble, and the track once only drops into, uses for many years, because unmanned plant protection machine goes along the track, compares plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, and the machine or the fried quick problem of no falling has avoided the agricultural practitioner to take place huge loss of property's hidden danger.

In order to reduce the friction between the unmanned plant protection machine and the rail, the rail is made of steel, and the height of the rail from the ground can be adjusted through an upright post or a rope according to the growth condition of crops on the ground; liquid reserve tank, hydrojet device are installed to the organism lower part, install liquid reserve tank, hydrojet device and can effectively reduce unmanned plant protection machine's focus in the organism lower part, improve operating stability, the hydrojet device contains spray tube support, spray tube, shower nozzle, spray tube support passes through the revolute pair and is connected with the organism, the revolute pair is the initiative vice, by motor drive, spray tube fixed mounting is on spray tube support, the shower nozzle is installed on the spray tube, at unmanned plant protection machine operation in-process, drives through the motor, installs the high-speed rotation of shower nozzle on spray tube support and the spray tube, and it is tiny droplet granule to break into the liquid medicine through centrifugal force, realizes that the medicine sprays.

The liquid storage tank of the unmanned plant protection machine is filled in an unmanned liquid adding mode, a liquid inlet is formed in the machine body and is communicated with the liquid storage tank; when the liquid inlet of the unmanned plant protection machine is positioned under the liquid outlet, liquid in the liquid feeding tank flows into the liquid storage tank of the unmanned plant protection machine through the liquid feeding pipe, the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet, and the liquid feeding process is completed.

Compare plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, this kind of unmanned plant protection machine not only the security is good, easy operation, does not have flight control technical requirement, also can realize hovering in the air and similar plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle's spraying effect. Because this kind of unmanned plant protection machine need not take off and land the flight, organism weight load mainly bears by the track, compares plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, and not only the time of endurance is long, and the battery track is charged conveniently, has more the advantage in the aspect of load capacity and liquid reserve tank volume.

The unmanned plant protection machine effectively improves the efficiency of spraying the artificial medicine and reduces the operation cost; compare plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, because do not belong to the aviation equipment, no flight control equipment has effectively reduced cost and cost, and the operation of this kind of unmanned plant protection machine does not need professional technical requirement more, has reduced use cost by a wide margin.

This kind of unmanned plant protection of electric rail machine can cooperate high definition digtal camera to use together at the actual operation in-process, can not only directly perceivedly survey the effect of giving medicine to the accessible is routine to be patrolled and examined, tracks the control, takes notes the crop growth condition, in time gives medicine to the needs.

Compared with the prior art, the electric rail unmanned plant protection machine has the beneficial effects that:

1) compared with manual operation, the electric rail unmanned plant protection machine avoids the danger of direct exposure of agricultural workers in the pesticide range, and guarantees the safety of personnel; the unmanned plant protection machine runs fast along the track, and the pesticide spraying efficiency is effectively improved.

2) The rail of the electric rail unmanned plant protection machine is put into use at one time, and is used for many years, and the unmanned plant protection machine runs along the rail, so that compared with a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, the electric rail unmanned plant protection machine has no problem of machine falling or machine explosion, and the hidden danger of huge property loss of agricultural practitioners is avoided.

3) The electric rail unmanned plant protection machine does not need manual operation in the operation process, and effectively saves labor force and reduces use cost compared with a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle which needs professional flying hands to operate; because the device does not belong to aviation equipment and does not have flight control equipment, the manufacturing cost and the cost are effectively reduced.

4) Compared with a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned plant protection machine has the advantages of long endurance time, convenient battery track charging and more advantages in the aspects of load capacity and liquid storage tank volume.

5) The unmanned plant protection machine provided by the invention can crush liquid medicine into fine fog drop particles by utilizing centrifugal force through high-speed rotation of the spray pipe and the spray head which are arranged on the spray pipe bracket, so that medicine spraying is realized, and a spraying effect similar to that of an unmanned plant protection machine can also be realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electric rail unmanned plant protection machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an unmanned plant protection machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a second schematic view of the unmanned plant protection machine according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the unmanned plant protection machine for electric rail according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a perspective view of an electric rail unmanned plant protection machine according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The electric rail unmanned plant protection machine and the charging liquid adding method of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-5.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, an electric rail unmanned plant protection machine includes a rail 1 and an unmanned plant protection machine 15, where the rail 1 is an elevated rail and is fixedly installed at a position with a certain height from the ground through a column 16 or a rope, the rail 1 includes a charging area, and a charging device 3 is installed on the rail of the charging area; the unmanned plant protection machine 15 comprises a machine body 2, a traveling mechanism 10, a driving mechanism and a battery 4; the unmanned plant protection machine 15 adopts electric energy as a power source, the electric energy is supplied by the battery 4, and the walking mechanism 10, the driving mechanism and the battery 4 are all arranged on the machine body 2; the traveling mechanism 10 is a wheel type traveling mechanism and is driven by a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism adopts an electric driving mode, and the unmanned plant protection machine 15 travels along a track through the traveling mechanism 10. The battery 4 is charged in a contact or electromagnetic induction mode with the charging device 3 through the unmanned plant protection machine 15; when the battery of the unmanned plant protection machine 15 is charged in a mode that the unmanned plant protection machine 15 is contacted with the charging device 3, the machine body 2 is provided with an electrode, when the unmanned plant protection machine 15 moves into a charging area along a track, the electrode is contacted with the charging device 3, the charging device 3 outputs direct current, and the direct current charges the battery 4 of the unmanned plant protection machine 15 through the electrode; when unmanned plant protection machine 15's battery adopts the electromagnetic induction mode to charge, install receiving coil on the organism 2, install the power transmission coil on the charging device 3, charge for battery 4 through electromagnetic induction between unmanned plant protection machine 15 and the charging device 3. In the practical application process, the track 1 of the electric track unmanned plant protection machine can be flexibly erected according to the actual conditions of a farmland, the track 1 is put into use at one time and is used for many years, and compared with a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, the electric track unmanned plant protection machine has the advantages that the unmanned plant protection machine runs along the track 1, the problem of no break or explosion is solved, and the hidden danger of huge property loss of agricultural practitioners is avoided.

Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, in order to reduce friction between the unmanned plant protection machine 15 and the track 1, the track 1 is made of steel, and the height of the track 1 from the ground can be adjusted by the upright column 16 or the rope according to the growth condition of the ground crops; liquid reserve tank 5, hydrojet device are installed to 2 lower parts of organism, install liquid reserve tank 5, hydrojet device and can effectively reduce unmanned plant protection machine 15's focus in the organism lower part, improve operating stability, the hydrojet device contains spray tube support 6, spray tube 7, shower nozzle 8, spray tube support 6 is connected with organism 2 through revolute pair 9, revolute pair 9 is the initiative vice, by motor drive, spray tube 7 fixed mounting is on spray tube support 6, shower nozzle 8 is installed on spray tube 7, at unmanned plant protection machine 15 operation in-process, drives through the motor, installs spray tube 7 on spray tube support 6 and the 8 high-speed rotations of shower nozzle on the spray tube 7, through centrifugal force with the liquid medicine breakage into tiny fogdrop granule, realize that the medicine sprays.

Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the liquid storage tank 5 of the unmanned plant protection machine 15 is filled in an unmanned liquid adding manner, a liquid inlet 14 is arranged on the machine body 2, and the liquid inlet 14 is communicated with the liquid storage tank 5; liquid adding box 11 is installed to track one end, and liquid adding box 11 one side is equipped with liquid feeding pipe 12, and liquid feeding pipe 12 one end is equipped with liquid outlet 13, and when 5 liquid additions of liquid reserve tank of this kind of unmanned plant protection machine 15, through running gear 10 along track 1 approach liquid adding box 11, when the inlet of unmanned plant protection machine is under liquid outlet 13, the liquid in the liquid adding box 11 passes through liquid feeding pipe 12, liquid outlet 13, inlet 14, flows in unmanned plant protection machine's liquid reserve tank 5, accomplishes the liquid adding process.

Comparing fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 5, compare plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, this kind of unmanned plant protection machine 15 not only the security is good, easy operation, does not have flight control technical requirement, also can realize hovering in the air and similar plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle's spraying effect. Because this kind of unmanned plant protection machine 15 need not take off and land the flight, 2 weight loads of organism mainly bear by the track, compare plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, not only the time of endurance is long, and battery 4 track charges conveniently, has more the advantage in the aspect of load capacity and 5 volumes of liquid reserve tank.

Compared with the manual medicine spraying, the unmanned plant protection machine 15 has the advantages that the efficiency is effectively improved and the operation cost is reduced compared with the manual medicine spraying; compare plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, because do not belong to the aviation equipment, no flight control equipment has effectively reduced cost and cost, and the operation of this kind of unmanned plant protection machine does not need professional technical requirement more, has reduced use cost by a wide margin.

Referring to fig. 1, 4 and 5, the unmanned plant protection machine with electric rail can be used together with a high-definition camera in the actual operation process, so that the pesticide application effect can be visually observed, the crop growth condition can be tracked, monitored and recorded through daily inspection, and pesticide application can be timely performed as required.

In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.