阅读说明：本技术 梳理机 (Carding machine ) 是由 L.维西克 M.迈尔 于 2020-03-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于处理纤维的梳理机,具有带有滚筒圆周、滚筒表面(23)和工作宽度(A)的滚筒(3)。用于使纤维平行的梳理元件(12)和分离元件(13,14,15)与滚筒(3)的滚筒表面(23)相对地布置,滚筒能绕旋转轴线(4)沿旋转方向(17)旋转,以便分离出污物碎片和短纤维。分离元件(13,14,15)设有吸取导管(25),滚筒圆周被分成预梳理区域(9)、主梳理区域(5)、后梳理区域(10)和子梳理区域(11)。梳理元件(12)和分离元件(13、14、15)跨越整个工作宽度(A)。在后梳理区域(10)、预梳理区域(9)或子梳理区域(11)中设置具有基体(24)、吸取导管(25)和刀片元件(26)的至少一个分离元件(13,14,15)。刀片元件(26)具有多个排出开口(27)和相关于排出开口(27)的刀片(28),在吸取通道(25)和刀片元件(26)之间设有至少一个空气引导元件(29)。(The invention relates to a carding machine for processing fibers, comprising a cylinder (3) having a cylinder circumference, a cylinder surface (23) and a working width (A). A carding element (12) for making the fibers parallel and a separating element (13, 14, 15) are arranged opposite a drum surface (23) of a drum (3) which can be rotated about a rotational axis (4) in a rotational direction (17) in order to separate dirt fragments and short fibers. The separating elements (13, 14, 15) are provided with suction ducts (25), the circumference of the drum being divided into a pre-carding zone (9), a main carding zone (5), a post-carding zone (10) and a sub-carding zone (11). The comb element (12) and the separating elements (13, 14, 15) span the entire working width (A). At least one separating element (13, 14, 15) having a base body (24), a suction conduit (25) and a blade element (26) is arranged in the post-carding zone (10), the pre-carding zone (9) or the sub-carding zone (11). The blade element (26) has a plurality of discharge openings (27) and a blade (28) associated with the discharge openings (27), at least one air guide element (29) being provided between the suction channel (25) and the blade element (26).)

1. A carding machine for processing fibers, having a drum (3) with a drum circumference, a drum surface (23) and a working width (A), wherein a carding element (12) for making the fibers parallel and a separating element (13, 14, 15) for separating dirt and short fibers are arranged opposite the drum (3), which can rotate in a direction of rotation (17) about an axis of rotation (4), wherein the separating element (13, 14, 15) is provided with a suction duct (25), wherein the drum circumference is divided into a pre-carding zone (9), a main carding zone (5), a post-carding zone (10) and a sub-carding zone (11), and wherein the carding element (12) and the separating element (13, 14, 15) span the entire working width (A), characterized in that, in the post-carding zone (10), a separating element (13, 14, 15) is arranged opposite the drum (3), and in that the drum is rotatable about the axis of rotation (4) In the pre-carding zone (9) or the sub-carding zone (11), at least one separating element (13, 14, 15) is provided, which has a base body (24), a suction duct (25) and a blade element (26), which blade element (26) has a plurality of discharge openings (27) and a blade (28) associated with the discharge openings (27), and at least one air-guiding element (29) is arranged between the suction duct (25) and the blade element (26).

2. A carding machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that said air-guiding element (29) is arranged inclined at an inclination angle (α) opposite to said blade element (26) when viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3).

3. A carding machine as in claim 1, characterised in that the air-guiding element (29) is arranged parallel to the blade element (26) at least in the region of the discharge opening (27), and a conveying space (30) is formed between the blade element (28) and the air-guiding element (29), which conveying space (30) is connected to the suction channel (25).

4. A carding machine as in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the separating elements (13, 14, 15) have a length (C) of 50 to 400 mm in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3), and in that the side of the separating elements (13, 14, 15) located opposite the drum surface (23) is concentric with the drum surface (23).

5. A carding machine as in any claim hereinbefore, characterized in that at least one air supply duct (31) is provided in the base body (24), said air supply duct (31) opening into the transport space (30) between the blade element (26) and the air guide element (29).

6. A carding machine as in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade element (26) is formed by a metal sheet of metal gauge (B) 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm, the discharge opening (27) is cut out of the metal sheet, and a blade (28) is formed by an edge of the discharge opening (27).

7. A carding machine as in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge openings (27) are regularly distributed over the working width (A) and are arranged in rows (35), the discharge openings (27) of a plurality of rows (35) being arranged successively in the blade element (26) when viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3).

8. A carding machine as in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge openings (27) of the blade element (26) have a length (D) of 5 to 200 mm and a width (E) of 2 to 15 mm, and each discharge opening has a pitch (F) of 0.1 to 20.0 mm.

9. A carding machine as in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least two guide elements (33) are provided on the blade element (26), said guide elements (33) being arranged on the side facing the drum surface (23).

10. Carding machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the blade element (26) is releasably attached to the base body (24).

11. A carding machine as in any claim hereinbefore, characterized in that the blade element (26) is composed of a plurality of sub-elements, individually fastened to the base body (24).

12. A carding machine as in any of the preceding claims, characterised in that two blade elements (26) are arranged adjacent to each other on the basic body (24) of the separating element (13, 14, 15), as seen in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3), the blade elements (26) having the same or different characteristics as the discharge opening (27).

13. A carding machine as in claim 12, wherein each blade element (26) is provided with an associated suction duct (25).

14. A carding machine as claimed in claim 12 or 13, characterised in that carding bars (21) or sliding elements (22) are fastened to the base body (24) between the blade elements (26) when viewed in the direction of rotation (17) of the drum (3).

15. A carding machine as in any claim hereinbefore, characterized in that before or after the separating elements (13, 14, 15) there are provided air supply openings (32) extending across the working width (A), which allow air exchange between the drum (3) and the ambient air.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a carding machine for processing fibers, comprising a drum with a working width, a carding element arranged opposite the drum for making the fibers parallel, and a separating element for separating dirt fragments and short fibers by means of a suction duct. The cylinder circumference is divided into a pre-carding zone, a main carding zone, a post-carding zone and a sub-carding zone, wherein the carding elements and the separating elements span the entire working width.

Background

Carding machines containing various working elements for cleaning, sorting, opening, carding, etc. the fibrous material to be treated are used in spinning preparation systems. A wide variety of fiber types are treated, including cotton fibers or chemical fibers or mixtures thereof. A working element with a blade element (so-called detaching blade) is used to detach short fibers and dirt fragments. The dirt fragments or short fibers are separated from the rotating drum by means of a separating blade, by means of which the fibrous material is conveyed past the separating blade. For this purpose, an opening is provided in the working element in front of the separating blade against the surface of the rotating drum and the fibrous material conveyed thereon, which opening serves as an outlet opening for the components separated from the fibrous material by the separating blade. After the components that have been separated by the separating blade have passed through the discharge opening, they are fed to the suction catheter and are conveyed away. During the preparation of spinning, various types of separating blades are used in carding machines.

Working elements of this type are known in various designs. For example, document CH639434a5 describes a cleaner having a blade which is radially spaced from the cylinder of the card and acts as a blade element, and a collecting track which is also radially spaced. A gap is left between the catch track and the blade. The space defined by the blade and the capturing track is covered and forms a vacuum suction chamber.

Document DE3902204a1 discloses another cleaning element with a separating blade. Here, the discharge distance is determined by the distance between the blade and the upstream element. Dirt discharged by means of the blade through the discharge opening is guided along the blade to the suction conduit. The guide element is attached to the rear of the upstream element which is pivotable into the discharge opening and thereby changes the size of the discharge opening and the separating behaviour of the cleaning element.

European patent application EP0388791a1 also discloses a device for separating dirt by means of a blade, upstream of which a comb element is arranged and downstream of which a guide element is arranged.

One drawback of the known device is that the structure of the working elements occupies a large part of the available peripheral surface of the cylinder opposite them, with an upstream guide surface and a downstream carding surface for separating dirt and short fibres. The use of a separating blade or knife requires a lot of space due to the required size of the suction pipe. Thus, there may only be a limited number of separation points on the usable circumference of the drum. This means that a correspondingly large discharge opening or a large distance between the element in front of the blade and the surface of the opposite cylinder must be provided in front of the separating blade or blades in order to achieve the desired separation rate. The large distance between the elements in front of the blades and the oppositely arranged surface of the drum in combination with the large discharge opening causes the blades to penetrate deeper into the fibrous material. But this increases the risk of increased removal of spinnable fibres. Spinnable fibers are fibers present in a fibrous material that, due to their length, should not be removed but rather be fed for further processing. Thus, the working element for separating the dirt and short fibers preferably does not remove any spinnable fibers from the fibrous material.

Disclosure of Invention

It is now an object of the present invention to provide a carding machine of the type mentioned at the outset which does not have the disadvantages of the known prior art and which is capable of increasing the number of separating points on the circumference of the drum. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to achieve a flexible design of the discharge distance and an improved separation of dirt and short fibers, while reducing the separation of spinnable fibers.

This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent claims. In order to achieve this object, a novel carding machine for processing fibers is proposed, having a drum with a drum circumference, a drum surface and a working width, a carding element for making the fibers parallel and a separating element for separating dirt and short fibers being arranged opposite the drum, the drum being rotatable about an axis of rotation in the direction of rotation, and the separating element being provided with a suction duct. The circumference of the roller is divided into a pre-carding area, a main carding area, a post-carding area and a sub-carding area. The comb element and the separating element span the entire working width. In the post-carding zone, the pre-carding zone or the sub-carding zone, at least one separating element is provided, which has a base body, a suction duct and a blade element, wherein the blade element has a plurality of discharge openings and blades associated with the discharge openings, and wherein at least one air-guiding element is arranged between the suction duct and the blade element. By providing a large number of blades in the blade element and thus in the separating element, it is possible to provide a plurality of discharge openings in a narrow space and thus also a plurality of blades acting as knives. This also means that a suction catheter need not be associated with each discharge opening. The discharge openings of all the blades of the blade element can be associated with a single common suction duct, which further saves space. The large number of blades also enables the soil particles to be gently stripped from the nonwoven fibers passing under the blades, thereby enabling separation of the spinnable fibers to be avoided. The combination of a large number of blades in a blade element enables a wide variety of arrangements, shapes and sizes of individual blades. By means of the proposed design of the separating element, the number of separating points in the different carding zones or on the lickerin roll is increased by a few times.

At least one air guiding element is arranged in the base body between the suction line and the blade element. The fact that a large number of successive blades and discharge openings are provided results in air turbulence, which is caused by the movement of the suction duct and the fibrous material. In order to minimize the influence of the discharge openings or suction points which are arranged one after the other and are connected by a common suction duct, it is advantageous if the air flowing to the suction duct is guided or guided by an air guide element.

In a first embodiment, the air-guiding element is advantageously arranged so as to be oppositely inclined at an inclination angle α with respect to the blade element, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. The inclination of the air guiding element is adapted to the design of the suction catheter, the angle of inclination a preferably being 10 to 50 degrees. An air guiding element is associated with each or every other discharge opening. This configuration is preferably used when the aspiration catheter is directly connected to the blade element. In an alternative embodiment, the air-guiding element is arranged parallel to the blade element at least in the region of the discharge opening, and a conveying space is formed between the blade element and the air-guiding element, which conveying space is connected to the suction channel. As a result, a narrow conveying space is formed between the blade element and the suction catheter, which conveying space is preferably introduced into the suction catheter at the end of the blade element, as viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum.

On the side of the blade element opposite the suction catheter, a passive air supply is preferably produced in this conveying space between the air-guiding element and the blade element, whereby an air flow is produced above the blade element in the direction of the suction catheter. Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least one gas supply line is provided in the base body, which opens into the conveying space between the blade element and the flow-guiding element. The air supply duct enables a controlled, active air supply to the conveying space, for example by using compressed air. The active air supply into the conveying space is particularly advantageous if the working element is designed with a large length in the direction of rotation of the drum. The active air supply also provides the option of cleaning the transport space with compressed air pulses.

The length of the separating element is preferably 50 mm to 400 mm, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum, and the side of the separating element opposite the surface of the drum is concentric with the drum. The length of the blade elements is structurally adapted to their application. The width of the blade element, which is adapted to the working width, enables the blade element to be introduced into a separating element in the module. The use of different blade elements enables various designs of blade elements to be provided in a stroke of the working width. By using a longer separating element, it is possible to arrange a plurality of blades over a short distance in a space-saving manner, since only a single suction catheter has to be provided for the entire separating element, irrespective of the number of blades. If the separating element has a large length, it spans a long sector of the drum surface, whereby it is necessary to mould the separating element against the drum surface so that all the blades are spaced a suitably short distance from the drum surface.

The blade element is advantageously formed from a metal sheet of a metal gauge of 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, from which the discharge opening is cut out and the blade is formed by the edge of the discharge opening. The slits and thus also the discharge opening and the blades can be manufactured by stamping processes known in the art. The shorter the length or width of the blade element is chosen, the smaller the plate thickness can be chosen, which is advantageous in connection with the production engineering that is carried out at the edge of the discharge opening in order to form the individual blades. The cut forming the discharge opening may be provided as a simple punched opening or with a radius of 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm on the side opposite the blade. Rounding the edge from the punching process on the side of the blade element facing away from the cylinder surface results in that the separated chips are advantageously removed into the discharge duct. It is also conceivable for the discharge opening to be embodied as a so-called "bead". One edge of the discharge opening is bent slightly out of the plane of the plate and forms a blade. The individual blades project from the plane of the discharge opening by 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm, particularly preferably by 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, and have the effect of the previously used individual blades penetrating into the fibrous material.

However, for smaller blade elements, it is also conceivable to machine the blade elements from thicker metal sheets of up to 40 mm. By machining the discharge openings, the discharge openings can be arranged obliquely at an angle β of 10 to 80 degrees, particularly preferably 30 to 70 degrees, with respect to the plate surface. Due to the small plate thickness, it is possible to design the blade element to cover a larger part of the circumference of the cylinder, since the blade element can be moulded to the shape of the cylinder surface. It has been found that a plate thickness of 0.3 mm results in good ductility with sufficient stability. In the case of small plate thicknesses, or for reasons of assembly engineering, it is advantageous if the blade element comprises a frame into which the metal plate is inserted. Means for attaching the blade element or through holes for bolting may be provided on the frame. Also, in the case where a seal is required between the blade element and the base body, the blade element preferably has a frame. By this construction, a small plate thickness for the blade element can be selected even for high loads.

The discharge openings are preferably regularly distributed over the working width and arranged in rows. Rows of discharge openings are arranged successively in the blade element, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. The regular arrangement of the discharge openings and thus of the blades results in a uniform effect of separation over the working width and also has advantages from a production engineering point of view. It is also advantageous if the discharge openings of the blade elements have a length of 5 mm to 200 mm and a width of 2mm to 15 mm and each discharge opening has a pitch of 0.1 mm to 20.0 mm. Preferably, the discharge opening has an aspect ratio of less than 20 to 1, and a width of the discharge opening is viewed in a rotation direction of the drum. In order for the edge formed by the discharge opening and serving as a blade to have an effect corresponding to the separating blade, the long side of the discharge opening extends in the direction of the working width. It has been found that a square discharge opening with a corresponding edge length still meets the requirements. The close arrangement of the large discharge openings affects the stability of the blade element and may have to be compensated by selecting the size of the blade element or increasing the metal gauge. The discharge opening can be designed in various geometric shapes, preferably rectangular or rounded-end rectangular. This also results in a correspondingly long blade in relation to the length of the discharge opening. However, trapezoidal or triangular discharge openings are also conceivable.

Various modifications are possible with regard to the arrangement of the discharge openings and thus the arrangement of the blades within the blade element. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the continuous discharge opening decreases gradually in the working direction. As a result, the discharge opening becomes narrower in the working direction. This results in less separation when viewed in the working direction and improved fibre guidance. It has been found that with a decreasing width of the discharge opening a good compromise is achieved between fibre guidance and separation, with a maximum width of 2mm to 20 mm, preferably 3 mm to 10 mm, and a minimum width of 0.1 mm to 12 mm, preferably 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm. Another variant consists in that the discharge openings arranged one behind the other, viewed in the working direction, have an offset in the working width direction. This ensures that there is no area without blades in the working width. The various variants can also be combined; for example, the first discharge opening may be arranged without offset, after which an offset and narrowing discharge opening is provided.

Advantageously, at least two guide elements are provided on the blade element in the working direction, which guide elements are arranged on the side facing the drum surface. When the blade element is used in a carding machine, the guide element prevents the blade element from being too close to the opposite cylinder surface. The guide element consists of a narrow strip of metal plate attached to the blade element by welding, soldering or gluing. The guide elements are only a few tenths of a millimeter high so as not to impede the separation process. The guide elements can be arranged in the working direction linearly, obliquely, angularly, curvedly or offset over their stroke. The guide element may be made of the same material as the blade element or of plastic. Alternatively, the function of the guide element may be achieved by suitably embossing the blade element. In this case, raised areas, for example in the form of projections, are formed in the blade element between the discharge openings by means of an embossing process, which prevents the blade element from being too close to the opposite cylinder surface when it is used in the machine.

The blade element is preferably releasably attached to the base. The construction of the separating element with the detachable blade element connected thereto has the effect that blade adjustment can be performed by simply replacing the blade element, thus enabling lengthy adjustment of the blade known in the prior art to be dispensed with. The blade element may be attached to the base by using a support to facilitate assembly and disassembly. Due to the novel structure according to the invention, the same principle can also be applied to variations in the discharge distance. If a greater or lesser discharge distance is set due to variations in the product to be treated, or if the separating element is limited to a small number of blades, this can be achieved by simply changing the blade element. It is also not necessary to preset the separating element by accurately measuring the position of the blade relative to its bearing point over the entire working width. Since a blade element is used which is not height-adjustable relative to the bearing point of the separating element, it is only possible to set the distance between the blade and the drum surface by adjusting the separating element in the bearing point.

The blade element preferably consists of a plurality of sub-elements which are individually fastened to the base body. This has the advantage that only the affected elements caused by wear and tear need to be replaced.

It is also advantageous if two blade elements are arranged adjacent to one another on the basic body of the separating element, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum, the blade elements having the same or different characteristics as the discharge opening. This design enables the length of the separating element to be increased in the direction of rotation of the drum without increasing the length of the individual blade elements. An associated suction channel is preferably provided for each blade element.

The comb element or the sliding element is advantageously fastened to the base body between the blade elements, as seen in the direction of rotation of the drum. This arrangement of the different elements corresponds to the current arrangement of cutting, carding and sliding elements in a common high-performance carding machine, but with the advantage that a greater number of blades can be used and the whole element can be pre-assembled outside the carding machine.

Advantageously, an air supply opening extending across the working width is provided before or after the separating element, which allows air exchange between the drum and the ambient air. It has been found that this air exchange can calm the flow conditions on the drum surface when long separating elements are used.

Drawings

The invention will be explained below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and illustrated by means of the figures. In the drawings, there is shown in the drawings,

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional carding machine according to the prior art;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the rear carding area according to FIG. 1;

fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a separating element according to the invention;

fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a separating element;

fig. 5 shows a schematic view of view X of the separating element according to fig. 4;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a blade element;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a blade element; and

fig. 8 to 11 show cross-sectional views of various embodiments of the blade element at point Y according to fig. 6.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a side view of a rotary flat card known per se in a schematic view. The fibre bundle 1 to be carded may consist of natural or chemical fibres or a mixture thereof, which is filled into a hopper (not shown) in the form of a clean and split fibre bundle. Thus, the fiber bundle is taken from the hopper by the lickerin roll 2 and fed to the drum 3. The fibre bundle is split, parallelized and cleaned on the cylinder 3. By the arrangement upstream of the multi-spike roller 2, a partial splitting and cleaning of the fiber bundle 1 has been performed by the spike roller. These processes take place by the interaction of the cylinder 3 and the taker-in cylinder 2 with the various fixed working elements 12, 13, 14, 15 and the revolving flat card unit 5. The fixed working elements 12, 13, 14, 15 are arranged on the drum circumference in four main areas: a pre-carding zone 9, a post-carding zone 10, and a sub-carding zone 11. The main carding zone is formed by a revolving flat carding unit 5. The cylinder 3 is provided with clothing on its surface and rotates in the direction of rotation 17 about its axis of rotation 4 from the lickerin roller 2 through the main carding zone to the doffing cylinder 6. By processing the fibres between the clothing of the drum 3 and the fixed or moving working elements 5, 12, 13, 14, 15 arranged opposite the drum clothing, the fibres on the drum 3 form a non-woven fabric which is removed from the doffing cylinder 6 and then formed in an inherently known manner as a carded sliver 8 in a sliver forming unit 7 comprising various drums. The fixed working elements in the different carding zones 9, 10, 11 are, for example, carding elements 12, working elements 13, 14, 15 with separate blades, or guide or cover elements.

The working elements 13, 14, 15 with knives are used to separate dirt, impurities and short fibers. Working elements 13, 14, 15 with separate blades are used in the pre-carding zone 9, the post-carding zone 10, the sub-carding zone 11, and also in the lickerin roll 2. By means of the separating blades, dirt fragments, impurities and short fibers are separated and conveyed away from the fiber fleece through the surface of the drum 3 and through the surface of the lickerin roll 15.

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged view of the rear carding area according to fig. 1. In the exemplary embodiment shown, three working elements 15 are shown in the design, which have a separating blade 18 and a suction tube 19. The separating blade 19 removes impurities and dirt from the surface of the fibre material guided past the working element 15 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum 3, which impurities and dirt are conveyed away by the suction tube 20. The working elements 15 are fixed in position on the side plates 18 of the carding machine by their separating blades 19 and suction pipes 20. The side plates 18 are supported on a frame (not shown) on both sides of the drum 3. The drum 3, shown in fig. 2 with its longitudinal axis 4, is mounted between left and right side plates 18 and has a direction of rotation 17 during operation. The axial length of the cylinder 3 equipped with cylinder clothing and thus available for conveying the fibre material is referred to as the working width. The working element 15, which is arranged opposite the cylinder surface 23, spans the cylinder 3 over its entire working width. In the embodiment shown, the working element 15 is provided with a carding bar 21 and a sliding element 22. It is also possible to dispense with the embodiment of the side plates 18 and to use a vertical structure for supporting the various fixing elements and the drum 3.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the separating element 15. The separating element 15 has a working width a and is formed by a base body 24 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, is formed in two parts and is connected together by means of a clamp. The matrix is formed into the aspiration catheter 25. The blade element 26 is fastened to the base body 24 below the suction catheter 25. The attachment of the blade element 26 to the base 24 itself is not shown and, consistent with known prior art, may be formed by a releasable connection (e.g., screws or clips) or by a non-releasable connection (e.g., by welding or gluing). An outlet opening 27 is provided in the blade element 26, which forms a connection from the suction duct 25 to a surface of the drum (not shown) which is arranged opposite the separating element 15. The edge of the discharge opening 27 located opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum is embodied as a blade 28. The plurality of blades 28 and the discharge openings 27 each associated with a blade 28 are arranged one after the other when viewed in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. All the discharge openings 27 are connected to the suction ducts 25, resulting in a large number of blades 28 with only one suction duct 25. In order to improve the flow from the discharge opening 27 into the suction duct 25, an air guide element 29 is provided. The air-guiding element 29 is held in the base body 24 at an angle α so as to be inclined opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum.

Fig. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of the separating element 14 in a schematic representation. The separating element 15 is shown with a substantially greater length C compared to the embodiment according to fig. 3. An aspiration catheter 25 is attached to the base 24. The suction catheter 25 is fastened to the base body 24 at one end of the separating element 15. The contact surface between the base body 24 and the suction catheter 25 is provided with a seal 33. A blade element 26 is attached to the opposite side of the base body 24 from the suction catheter 25. The blade element 26 has a shape curved in the direction of rotation 17 of the cylinder, adapted to the surface of the cylinder which is positioned opposite in the operating state. In the embodiment shown by way of example, the blade element 26 is connected to the base element 24 by means of a support 34. Associated with the blade element 26 is an air guide element 29 which is arranged over the effective width of the blade element 26 such that a conveying space 30 is formed along the blade element 26 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. The delivery space 30 is connected to the suction catheter 25 via the base body 24. At the end of the working element 15, viewed opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, the conveying space 30 is connected to the surroundings via a gas supply opening 32 provided in the base body 24. Due to the arrangement shown, the negative pressure prevailing in the suction duct 25 causes air to flow from the air supply opening 32 along the blade element 26 in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum through the conveying space 30 to the suction duct 25. The dirt fragments and short fibres separated by the blade element 26 are guided with the air flow into the suction duct 25. When handling heavily contaminated fibre material, compressed air can additionally be introduced into the conveying space 30 through the air supply duct 31. The air supply duct 31 is arranged such that the air flow generated in the conveying space 30 by the negative pressure in the suction duct 25 is increased or supported.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 4, the base body 24 is designed such that the suction ducts 25 can be moved from the position shown in fig. 4 to a relative position above the air supply openings 32 as seen in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. As a result, the direction of the air flow in the conveying space 30 is reversed with respect to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a partial view of the separating element 15 in the X direction according to fig. 4. The separating element 15 shown has a base body 24 with a length C, viewed in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, and a width which extends beyond the working width a. The region of the separating element 15 for supporting the separating element 15 on a side plate (not shown) of the carding machine is located outside the working width a. The separating element 15 is positioned on the side plates by means of fastening means 37. The blade element 26 is fastened to the base body 24 within the working width a. When viewed in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum, the two blade elements 26 are arranged in succession, with the carding bars 21 being arranged between the blade elements 26. A plurality of blade elements 26 are also arranged across the working width. The blade element has a plurality of rows 35 of discharge openings 27. The edge of the discharge opening 27 located opposite to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum forms a plurality of blades 28. Furthermore, the guide element 36 is arranged above the discharge opening 27 and thus also above the blade 28.

Fig. 6 shows an even distribution of the discharge openings 27 in an embodiment of the blade element 26. The discharge openings 27, which all have the same length D, the same width E and the same pitch F, have edges located in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum and formed as blades 28. For the sake of example, the outlet opening 27 is embodied in its geometry as a rectangle with rounded ends.

In the second embodiment of the blade element 26 shown in fig. 7, rectangular discharge openings 27, which have an edge directed in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum and are formed as blades 28, are arranged in a plurality of rows transverse to the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. The width E of the discharge opening 27 decreases row by row from the maximum width to the minimum width in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum. The length D of all discharge openings 27 in a row and the pitch F of the discharge openings 27 are identical. The pitch of the rows following one another in the direction of rotation 17 of the drum decreases continuously in the working direction from a maximum distance to a minimum distance.

Fig. 8 to 11 show cross-sectional views of various embodiments of the blade element 26 at point X according to fig. 6. Fig. 8 shows a blade element 26 having a discharge opening 27 of width E, the edge of which forms a blade 28. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal sheet having a metal specification B, which openings have a spacing F from one another. In order to be able to use the smallest possible metal format, the blade element 26 is provided with a frame 38 on its outer edge in order to enhance its dimensional stability. The frame 38 is connected to the plate by fastening means, such as screws, to form the blade element 26.

Fig. 9 shows a blade element 26 having a discharge opening 27 of width E, the edge of which forms a blade 28. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal plate having a metal specification B, which openings have a spacing F from one another. On the side of the blade element 26 facing away from the blade 28, the edge of the discharge opening 27 is rounded with a certain radius. The rounding of the edges of the discharge opening 27 facilitates the removal of the separated dirt fragments and short fibers and thus prevents clogging.

Fig. 10 shows a blade element 26 with a discharge opening 27 of width E, the edge of which forms the blade 27. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal plate having a metal specification B, which openings have a spacing F from one another. The blade element 26 is made of a metal plate with a large metal specification B, from which the discharge opening 27 is cut, for example by laser cutting or milling. This enables the discharge opening 27 to be arranged obliquely at an angle β in its course through the metal sheet.

Fig. 11 shows a blade element 26 with a discharge opening 27 of width E. The outlet openings 27 are embodied as through openings in a metal plate having a metal specification B, which openings have a spacing F from one another. In this case, the through-opening is embodied as a bead, wherein the outer edge of the bead constitutes the blade 28. As a result of this manufacturing method, the blade 28 protrudes from the surface of the blade element 26 by a protruding length G. This in turn leads to an increase in the separation rate.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments which have been illustrated and described. Within the scope of the claims, modifications are also possible, and combinations of features are also possible, even if they are shown and described in different exemplary embodiments.

List of reference numerals

1 fiber bundle

2 licker-in

3 roller

4 axis of rotation of the drum

5 revolving flat card unit

6 doffing cylinder

7 sliver forming unit

8 carding cotton sliver

9 Pre-carding area

10 rear combing area

11 sub-carding zone

12 combing element

13 licker-in separating element

14 Pre-carding zone separation element

15 post-carding zone separating element

16 licker-in roller

17 direction of rotation of the drum, direction of movement of the clothing of the drum

18 side plate

19 separating blade

20 suction pipe fitting

21 carding bar

22 sliding element

23 cylinder surface

24 base body

25 suction catheter

26 blade element

27 discharge opening

28 blade

29 air guide element

30 conveying space

31 gas supply duct

32 air supply opening

33 seal

34 support body

35 rows of discharge openings

36 guide element

37 fastening device

38 frame

Working width A

Specification of B Metal

Length of C separating element

D length of discharge opening

E width of discharge opening

Distance between F discharge openings

Protrusion length of G blade

Angle of inclination alpha

Beta angle of the discharge opening.