Water tank heating method and device, electronic equipment and SOFC system
阅读说明：本技术 一种水箱加热方法、装置、电子设备及sofc系统 (Water tank heating method and device, electronic equipment and SOFC system ) 是由 宋翠苓 于 2020-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种水箱加热方法、装置、电子设备及SOFC系统,本发明在SOFC系统启动之前已经对水箱中的冰进行了加热,冰的温度已经升高了,则在SOFC系统启动后,对已经升温的冰再次加热的加热时间,即水箱解冻时间会缩短。进一步,本发明在对冰加热过程中,使用了依据当前的电堆出口温度确定的预设SOFC解冻所需时间作为加热控制的一个参数,由于电堆出口温度是影响SOFC系统启动时间的关键因素,则使用该电堆出口温度对应的预设SOFC解冻所需时间作为加热控制的一个参数来进行加热控制,加热控制的准确度会更高。(The invention provides a water tank heating method, a water tank heating device, electronic equipment and an SOFC system. Furthermore, in the process of heating ice, the preset SOFC unfreezing time determined according to the current stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control, and as the stack outlet temperature is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system, the preset SOFC unfreezing time corresponding to the stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control to carry out heating control, so that the accuracy of heating control is higher.)
1. A water tank heating method is characterized in that the water tank unfreezing controller is applied to a water tank unfreezing system, and the method comprises the following steps:
under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system, acquiring the current temperature of a target object in the water tank; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value, calculating to obtain the actual thawing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information;
under the condition that the actual thawing time is longer than the time required by the thawing of the preset SOFC, starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
2. The tank heating method according to claim 1, further comprising, during activation of a heater in the tank defrosting system to heat a target object in the tank:
acquiring the residual electric quantity of the storage battery;
and under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is smaller than a preset threshold value, controlling the water tank unfreezing system to power off.
3. The water tank heating method according to claim 1, wherein starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met, comprises:
starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank;
acquiring the actual thawing time in real time;
and stopping heating the water tank under the condition that the difference between the time required by the preset SOFC to unfreeze and the actual unfreezing time meets a preset difference condition or the temperature of the target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
4. The method for heating a water tank according to claim 1, wherein the determination of the time required for thawing the preset SOFC includes:
acquiring a preset corresponding relation between the outlet temperature of the electric pile and thawing reference time;
and searching and obtaining the thawing reference time corresponding to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile from the corresponding relation.
5. The method for heating the water tank according to claim 1, wherein calculating the actual thawing time required for heating the target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the parameter information of the water tank comprises:
calculating the energy required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature;
acquiring heating power of a heater in the water tank unfreezing system and heat dissipation power of the water tank;
calculating a difference value between the heating power and the heat dissipation power;
and determining the ratio of the energy to the difference value as the actual thawing time required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature.
6. A water tank heating device is characterized in that the water tank thawing controller is applied to a water tank thawing system, and the device comprises:
the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the current temperature of the target object in the water tank under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
the time calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining actual unfreezing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than the preset temperature threshold value;
the heating control module is used for starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank under the condition that the actual unfreezing time is larger than the time required by the unfreezing of the preset SOFC, and stopping heating until the preset heating stopping condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
7. The tank heating apparatus as claimed in claim 6, further comprising:
and the power-off control module is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the storage battery and controlling the power-off of the water tank unfreezing system under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is smaller than a preset threshold value.
8. The tank heating apparatus of claim 6, wherein the heating control module comprises:
the heating starting submodule is used for starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank;
the time obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the actual thawing time in real time;
and the heating control submodule is used for stopping heating the water tank under the condition that the difference value between the preset SOFC unfreezing required time and the unfreezing actual time meets a preset difference value condition or the temperature of a target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
9. The tank heating apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a time determination module to:
and acquiring a preset corresponding relation between the outlet temperature of the galvanic pile and the thawing reference time, and searching for the thawing reference time corresponding to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile from the corresponding relation.
10. An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor calls a program and is used to:
under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system, acquiring the current temperature of a target object in the water tank; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value, calculating to obtain the actual thawing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information;
under the condition that the actual thawing time is longer than the time required by the thawing of the preset SOFC, starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
11. SOFC system, characterized by comprising an electronic device according to claim 10.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water tank heating, in particular to a water tank heating method and device, electronic equipment and an SOFC system.
Background
During start-up and operation of a SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) system, deionized water is used, and the deionized water in a water tank enters a reformer or a Cell stack in the SOFC system from the water tank and undergoes a reforming reaction (such as CH)4+H20＝CO2+H2) Hydrogen is supplied to the stack for reaction and generation, and inside the stack, H will also occur2+02＝H2And (4) reacting O, and recycling the generated water back to the water tank through condensation.
When the SOFC system on the vehicle stops operating, the water in the water tank gradually freezes when the outside ambient temperature is below 0 ℃. When the SOFC system is restarted, the deionized water in the water tank is in an icing state, and the water tank thawing system is required to be heated into a liquid state, so that the deionized water can be provided for the SOFC system, and the SOFC system is ensured to be started successfully.
When the temperature of the ice in the water tank is low, the thawing time for heating the ice in the water tank into water is long, and further the starting time of the SOFC system is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a water tank heating method, a water tank heating device, an electronic apparatus, and an SOFC system, so as to solve the problem that when the temperature of ice in a water tank is low, the thawing time for heating the ice in the water tank into water is long, and further the start-up time of the SOFC system is prolonged.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a water tank heating method is applied to a water tank unfreezing controller in a water tank unfreezing system, and comprises the following steps:
under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system, acquiring the current temperature of a target object in the water tank; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value, calculating to obtain the actual thawing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information;
under the condition that the actual thawing time is longer than the time required by the thawing of the preset SOFC, starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
Optionally, in the process of starting the heater in the water tank thawing system to heat the target object in the water tank, the method further comprises:
acquiring the residual electric quantity of the storage battery;
and under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is smaller than a preset threshold value, controlling the water tank unfreezing system to power off.
Optionally, starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat the target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met, including:
starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank;
acquiring the actual thawing time in real time;
and stopping heating the water tank under the condition that the difference between the time required by the preset SOFC to unfreeze and the actual unfreezing time meets a preset difference condition or the temperature of the target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
Optionally, the determining of the preset time required for SOFC thawing includes:
acquiring a preset corresponding relation between the outlet temperature of the electric pile and thawing reference time;
and searching and obtaining the thawing reference time corresponding to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile from the corresponding relation.
Optionally, calculating, according to the water tank parameter information, an actual thawing time required for heating the target object in the water tank from the current temperature to a preset temperature, including:
calculating the energy required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature;
acquiring heating power of a heater in the water tank unfreezing system and heat dissipation power of the water tank;
calculating a difference value between the heating power and the heat dissipation power;
and determining the ratio of the energy to the difference value as the actual thawing time required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature.
A water tank heating device is applied to a water tank unfreezing controller in a water tank unfreezing system, and comprises:
the temperature acquisition module is used for acquiring the current temperature of the target object in the water tank under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
the time calculation module is used for calculating and obtaining actual unfreezing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than the preset temperature threshold value;
the heating control module is used for starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank under the condition that the actual unfreezing time is larger than the time required by the unfreezing of the preset SOFC, and stopping heating until the preset heating stopping condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and the power-off control module is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the storage battery and controlling the power-off of the water tank unfreezing system under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is smaller than a preset threshold value.
Optionally, the heating control module comprises:
the heating starting submodule is used for starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank;
the time obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the actual thawing time in real time;
and the heating control submodule is used for stopping heating the water tank under the condition that the difference value between the preset SOFC unfreezing required time and the unfreezing actual time meets a preset difference value condition or the temperature of a target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a time determination module, wherein the time determination module is configured to:
and acquiring a preset corresponding relation between the outlet temperature of the galvanic pile and the thawing reference time, and searching for the thawing reference time corresponding to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile from the corresponding relation.
An electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor calls a program and is used to:
under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system, acquiring the current temperature of a target object in the water tank; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value, calculating to obtain the actual thawing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information;
under the condition that the actual thawing time is longer than the time required by the thawing of the preset SOFC, starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
SOFC system comprising an electronic device as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a water tank heating method, a water tank heating device, electronic equipment and an SOFC system. That is, in the present invention, ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started, and since the ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started and the temperature of the ice is increased, the heating time for reheating the ice that has been heated after the SOFC system is started, that is, the water tank thawing time is shortened. Furthermore, in the process of heating ice, the preset SOFC unfreezing time determined according to the current stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control, and as the stack outlet temperature is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system, the preset SOFC unfreezing time corresponding to the stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control to carry out heating control, so that the accuracy of heating control is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water tank defrosting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for heating a water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for heating a water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for heating a water tank according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a water tank heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the operation process of the SOFC system, water is continuously recovered through condensation, so that the problem of water freezing can not occur frequently even under the condition of low external environment temperature. However, when the SOFC system stops operating and the outside ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the water in the water tank gradually freezes, and water cannot be supplied.
When the SOFC system is restarted, the deionized water in the water tank is in an icing state, ice is heated into a liquid state through the water tank unfreezing system in the SOFC system starting process, and the deionized water can be provided for the SOFC system, so that the SOFC system gradually enters a power generation state, and the SOFC system is guaranteed to be started successfully. However, when the temperature of ice in the water tank is low, the thawing time for heating the ice in the water tank to water is long, and water cannot be successfully passed because of no thawing when the SOFC system needs to pass water, which causes a problem of prolonging the start-up time of the SOFC system.
In order to solve the above problems, the inventors have studied and found that if ice in a water tank can be heated even after the SOFC system is powered off, the time for heating ice and the required energy are reduced at the start of the SOFC system because the ice is preheated at the start of the SOFC system, thereby shortening the start-up time of the SOFC.
In order to achieve the technical effects, two working modes are preset, one is a preset sleep mode, the other is a shutdown mode, and the specific selection of which mode is manually selected, after the vehicle stops running, a user, such as a driver, can select the shutdown mode according to the estimated shutdown time, such as: the preset sleep mode is selected when the shutdown time is short at low temperature, and the shutdown mode is selected when the temperature is high or the shutdown time is long.
When the shutdown mode is selected, all equipment such as a water tank unfreezing system, an SOFC system and the like are powered off and stop working. When the shutdown mode is selected, the vehicle control unit receives an instruction of selecting the shutdown mode by a user, and controls equipment such as a water tank unfreezing system and an SOFC system to be powered off.
When the preset sleep mode is selected, the SOFC system is powered off, a water tank unfreezing controller, a galvanic pile outlet temperature sensor and a temperature sensor in the water tank unfreezing system still work. And the water tank unfreezing controller judges whether the heater is started to heat the water tank or not according to the temperature sensor in the water tank and the temperature sensor at the outlet of the electric pile. When the preset sleep mode is selected, the vehicle control unit receives an instruction of selecting the preset sleep mode by a user and controls the SOFC system and other equipment to be powered off, but the water tank thawing controller, the pile outlet temperature sensor and the temperature sensor in the water tank thawing system are still powered on to work. And after controlling the SOFC system and other devices to be powered off, the vehicle control unit transmits the power-off information of the SOFC system to the water tank unfreezing controller in the water tank unfreezing system so as to trigger the water tank unfreezing controller to perform water tank heating operation after the SOFC system is powered off.
In particular, the inventive concept of the present invention is introduced above, and the structure of the water tank defrosting system of the present invention will now be described. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the thawing system mainly includes: the device comprises a
On the basis of the above embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention provides a water tank heating method applied to a water tank thawing controller in a water tank thawing system, and referring to fig. 2, the method includes:
and S11, acquiring the current temperature of the target object in the water tank under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system.
The generating process of the power-off information of the SOFC system specifically refers to the corresponding content in the above embodiment.
In this embodiment, after the vehicle stops driving, the user selects the preset sleep mode, and the vehicle control unit transmits the power-off information of the SOFC system to the water tank thawing controller in the water tank thawing system after controlling the power-off of the devices such as the SOFC system. Namely, the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle control unit based on the received instruction of triggering the preset sleep mode by the user.
When the vehicle stops driving, the external environment at the place is different, and whether the water in the water tank can freeze is directly caused, if the ambient temperature is lower than 0 ℃, the water in the water tank can freeze, but the water in the water tank can not freeze under the scene that the ambient temperature is higher than 0 ℃. Since it is not known in advance whether the object in the water tank is water or ice, it is collectively called a target object, and the target object may be water or ice.
When the current temperature of the target object is obtained, the
S12, judging whether the current temperature is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value; if yes, go to step S13; if not, step S15 is executed.
In practical applications, water is not frozen above 0 ℃, and is not heated when the SOFC is started, but is frozen below 0 ℃, and is heated when the SOFC is started, so the preset temperature threshold is generally 0 ℃.
And S13, calculating the actual thawing time required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the parameter information of the water tank.
In this embodiment, the preset temperature may be any one of more than 0 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, such as any one of 3-5 ℃. Since the energy required to thaw ice into water is much greater than the energy required to heat water from 0 ℃ to a certain temperature. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the preset temperature may be set to any one of more than 0 ℃ and less than 5 ℃, for example, any one of 3 to 5 ℃.
The actual time required for thawing the target object in the water tank is to heat the target object from the current temperature to a preset temperature, i.e. to melt ice into water.
And S14, starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat the target object in the water tank under the condition that the actual unfreezing time is larger than the time required by the unfreezing of the preset SOFC, and stopping heating until the preset heating stopping condition is met.
In practical application, the time required by the SOFC to be thawed is preset, and the outlet temperature of the galvanic pile is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system and the time from the system starting to the water passing. Therefore, the time required for thawing the preset SOFC in this embodiment is determined according to the current stack outlet temperature.
Firstly, testing time T1 (namely thawing reference time) from startup to water passage when different stack outlet temperatures are started in advance, obtaining a function T1 ═ g (T stack outlet) through data fitting, namely obtaining a corresponding relation between the stack outlet temperature and preset SOFC thawing time in advance, then detecting by using the stack outlet temperature sensor to obtain the current stack outlet temperature, namely searching the thawing reference time corresponding to the current stack outlet temperature from the corresponding relation, and taking the thawing reference time as the preset SOFC thawing time.
And under the condition that the actual thawing time is greater than the preset SOFC thawing time, the actually required thawing time is greater than the preset SOFC thawing time, and the heater is started to reduce the actually required thawing time.
After the heater in the water tank thawing system is started to heat the target object in the water tank, the heating is not continuously heated, but is stopped when a preset heating stop condition is met, specifically, referring to fig. 3, step S14 may include:
and S21, starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat the target object in the water tank.
And S22, acquiring the actual thawing time in real time.
After the water tank is heated by the heater, the temperature of the target object in the water tank may rise, and the actual thawing time required when the target object rises from the current temperature to the preset temperature may gradually fall, so that the actual thawing time needs to be calculated in real time.
And S23, stopping heating the water tank when the difference between the preset SOFC thawing time and the actual thawing time meets a preset difference condition or the temperature of the target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
In practical application, two preset heating stop conditions are preset, one is that the difference value between the preset SOFC thawing time and the actual thawing time meets the preset difference value condition, and specifically, the preset SOFC thawing time is t1Indicating the actual time of thawing by t2，t1And t2In between, t1≥t2+ tmin, where t may be 3 min. That is, in this embodiment, when it is required to satisfy that the difference between the preset time required for thawing the SOFC and the actual thawing time is greater than the preset difference, the heating is stopped, and at this time, the target object in the water tank may still be ice. The invention can realize more accurate control of temperature, has shorter heating time and can save energy consumption compared with the method of always maintaining the non-icing state in the water tank.
Another preset heating stop condition is as follows: the temperature of the target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold. In practical application, the preset temperature threshold may be 0 ℃, that is, after the ice in the water tank is melted into water, the SOFC system is started immediately, and water can be directly supplied without heating.
In the embodiment of the invention, when any preset heating stop condition is met, heating is stopped, and the shortest heating time can be ensured.
That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the current temperature T is higher than the predetermined temperature TtankNo heating is carried out at the temperature of more than 0 ℃;
when T istankThe temperature is less than or equal to 0 ℃, and the unfreezing time t is calculated2，TtankCalculated as ice at all 0 ℃ when 0 ℃;
if t is1≤t2Then the heater is started to heat to t1≥t2+3min or TtankStop at > 0 ℃.
The process of heater heating has been introduced above, and it should be noted that, in the process of heater heating, because the preset sleep mode needs to consume the electric quantity of the storage battery, and needs to supply power to the electric elements such as the fan when the SOFC system is started, in order to avoid the excessive consumption of the storage battery causing the system to be unable to start, the residual electric quantity of the storage battery needs to be obtained in real time, and when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is less than or equal to Qe, the preset sleep mode is switched to the shutdown mode. At the moment, the water tank unfreezing controller controls the water tank unfreezing system to be powered off. Wherein Qe is the amount of electricity consumed when the SOFC system is started to net power greater than 0, and is a calibration quantity. In other words, in this embodiment, when the battery power is lower than a threshold, the sleep mode automatically switches to the shutdown mode, so that there is no risk of the SOFC system failing to start due to insufficient battery power.
In this embodiment, before the SOFC system is started, that is, before the SOFC system is started, if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold and the actual thawing time is longer than the time required for thawing the preset SOFC, the heater in the water tank thawing system is started to heat the target object in the water tank until the preset heating stop condition is met. That is, in the present invention, ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started, and since the ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started and the temperature of the ice is increased, the heating time for reheating the ice that has been heated after the SOFC system is started, that is, the water tank thawing time is shortened. Furthermore, in the process of heating ice, the preset SOFC unfreezing time determined according to the current stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control, and as the stack outlet temperature is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system, the preset SOFC unfreezing time corresponding to the stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control to carry out heating control, so that the accuracy of heating control is higher.
In addition, in the invention, besides the above-mentioned two conditions that the current temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold and the actual thawing time is greater than the time required for thawing the preset SOFC, the heater is started to heat and the heating is stopped when the preset heating stop condition is met, a continuous electric heating anti-freezing mode at a low temperature can be adopted, but this mode consumes more electric energy and has a risk that the battery cannot be started due to insufficient electric quantity during starting. And when the two conditions that the current temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold and the actual thawing time is greater than the time required by the thawing of the preset SOFC are met, the heater is started to heat, and the heating is stopped when the preset heating stopping condition is met, so that the relatively low electric energy consumption is realized.
In addition, the heat insulation cotton is arranged outside the water tank and used for heat preservation, and the electric energy consumption is reduced as much as possible on the premise of meeting the water supply requirement through the heat insulation cotton and the heater working intermittently.
The above embodiment describes that "calculating the actual thawing time required for heating the target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the parameter information of the water tank", and a specific implementation process thereof is described, specifically, referring to fig. 4, step S12 may include:
s31, calculating the energy required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature;
s32, acquiring heating power of a heater in the water tank unfreezing system and heat dissipation power of the water tank;
s33, calculating the difference value of the heating power and the heat dissipation power;
and S34, determining the ratio of the energy to the difference value as the actual thawing time required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature.
In practical application, the actual thawing time t2The calculation method comprises the following steps: t is t2＝Q/(Pheater-Ploss)
The volume of water in the tank can be calculated from the cross-sectional area inside the tank multiplied by the height of the liquid level. The liquid level after the machine is shut down is taken according to the liquid level height, so that the inaccuracy of the liquid level caused by icing is avoided. Calculating the time t needed for the water or the ice in the water tank to rise from the current temperature to 5 ℃ according to the phase change latent heat of the water formed by melting the ice2。
Wherein Q is the energy required for melting all the ice in the water tank, and Q is cm (5-T)tank)+m*L
Wherein c is the specific heat capacity of ice and has a value of 2100J/(kg ℃)
TtankThe real-time temperature in the water tank, namely the current temperature;
m is the mass of water or ice in the water tank, m is rho AH, rho is the density of water, A is the bottom area in the water tank, and H is the height of the water level displayed by the liquid level meter after the machine is stopped;
l is the phase transition heat of melting ice into water, and has a value of 3.305 × 105J/kg；
PheaterIs the heater power;
Plossfor the heat-dissipating power of the water tank, Ploss＝k(Ttank－Tamb)，
K is a heat dissipation coefficient of the water tank heat insulation cotton, and the coefficient is calibrated through tests because an interface on the water tank can have great influence on heat dissipation calculation;
Tambthe ambient temperature is obtained according to an ambient temperature sensor.
Through the steps S31-S34, the actual thawing time required by heating the target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature can be accurately calculated, the heating time of the heater is controlled according to the actual thawing time, and the heating accuracy of the target object is guaranteed.
Alternatively, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment of the water tank heating method, another embodiment of the present invention provides a water tank heating apparatus applied to a water tank defrosting controller in a water tank defrosting system, and referring to fig. 5, the apparatus includes:
the temperature acquisition module 11 is configured to acquire a current temperature of a target object in the water tank when the power supply information of the SOFC system is received; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
the time calculation module 12 is configured to calculate, according to the parameter information of the water tank, actual thawing time required for heating the target object in the water tank from the current temperature to a preset temperature when the current temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold;
the heating control module 13 is configured to, when the actual thawing time is greater than a preset time required for thawing the SOFC, start a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met, and stop heating; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
Further, still include:
and the power-off control module is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity of the storage battery and controlling the power-off of the water tank unfreezing system under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is smaller than a preset threshold value.
Further, the heating control module includes:
the heating starting submodule is used for starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank;
the time obtaining submodule is used for obtaining the actual thawing time in real time;
and the heating control submodule is used for stopping heating the water tank under the condition that the difference value between the preset SOFC unfreezing required time and the unfreezing actual time meets a preset difference value condition or the temperature of a target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
Further, the device further comprises a time determining module, wherein the time determining module is used for:
and acquiring a preset corresponding relation between the outlet temperature of the galvanic pile and the thawing reference time, and searching for the thawing reference time corresponding to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile from the corresponding relation.
Further, the time calculation module is specifically configured to:
the energy calculation submodule is used for calculating the energy required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature;
the power acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the heating power of a heater in the water tank unfreezing system and the heat dissipation power of the water tank;
the difference value calculation submodule is used for calculating the difference value between the heating power and the heat dissipation power;
and the time determination submodule is used for determining the ratio of the energy to the difference value as the actual thawing time required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature.
In this embodiment, before the SOFC system is started, that is, before the SOFC system is started, if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold and the actual thawing time is longer than the time required for thawing the preset SOFC, the heater in the water tank thawing system is started to heat the target object in the water tank until the preset heating stop condition is met. That is, in the present invention, ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started, and since the ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started and the temperature of the ice is increased, the heating time for reheating the ice that has been heated after the SOFC system is started, that is, the water tank thawing time is shortened. Furthermore, in the process of heating ice, the preset SOFC unfreezing time determined according to the current stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control, and as the stack outlet temperature is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system, the preset SOFC unfreezing time corresponding to the stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control to carry out heating control, so that the accuracy of heating control is higher.
It should be noted that, for the working processes of each module and sub-module in this embodiment, please refer to the corresponding description in the above embodiments, which is not described herein again.
Optionally, on the basis of the above embodiment of the water tank heating method and apparatus, another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which may be the above water tank thawing controller, including: a memory and a processor;
wherein the memory is used for storing programs;
the processor calls a program and is used to:
under the condition of receiving the power-off information of the SOFC system, acquiring the current temperature of a target object in the water tank; the power-off information of the SOFC system is generated by the vehicle controller based on the received instruction of triggering a preset sleep mode by a user;
under the condition that the current temperature is smaller than a preset temperature threshold value, calculating to obtain the actual thawing time required by heating a target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information;
under the condition that the actual thawing time is longer than the time required by the thawing of the preset SOFC, starting a heater in the water tank thawing system to heat a target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met; and the time required by the preset SOFC for unfreezing is determined according to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile.
Further, in the process of starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat the target object in the water tank, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the residual electric quantity of the storage battery;
and under the condition that the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is smaller than a preset threshold value, controlling the water tank unfreezing system to power off.
Further, starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat the target object in the water tank until a preset heating stop condition is met, and the method comprises the following steps:
starting a heater in the water tank unfreezing system to heat a target object in the water tank;
acquiring the actual thawing time in real time;
and stopping heating the water tank under the condition that the difference between the time required by the preset SOFC to unfreeze and the actual unfreezing time meets a preset difference condition or the temperature of the target object in the water tank is greater than a preset temperature threshold value.
Further, the process for determining the time required for thawing the preset SOFC comprises the following steps:
acquiring a corresponding relation between a preset electric pile outlet temperature and a preset SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) thawing time;
and searching and obtaining the thawing reference time corresponding to the current outlet temperature of the galvanic pile from the corresponding relation.
Further, calculating the actual thawing time required for heating the target object in the water tank from the current temperature to the preset temperature according to the water tank parameter information, and comprising the following steps of:
calculating the energy required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature;
acquiring heating power of a heater in the water tank unfreezing system and heat dissipation power of the water tank;
calculating a difference value between the heating power and the heat dissipation power;
and determining the ratio of the energy to the difference value as the actual thawing time required by the target object in the water tank to be heated from the current temperature to the preset temperature.
In this embodiment, before the SOFC system is started, that is, before the SOFC system is started, if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold and the actual thawing time is longer than the time required for thawing the preset SOFC, the heater in the water tank thawing system is started to heat the target object in the water tank until the preset heating stop condition is met. That is, in the present invention, ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started, and since the ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started and the temperature of the ice is increased, the heating time for reheating the ice that has been heated after the SOFC system is started, that is, the water tank thawing time is shortened. Furthermore, in the process of heating ice, the preset SOFC unfreezing time determined according to the current stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control, and as the stack outlet temperature is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system, the preset SOFC unfreezing time corresponding to the stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control to carry out heating control, so that the accuracy of heating control is higher.
Alternatively, on the basis of the above embodiments, another embodiment of the present invention provides an SOFC system, where the SOFC system includes the above electronic device, that is, the SOFC system includes the above water tank thawing system, that is, the SOFC system includes the above water tank thawing controller and other devices in the water tank thawing system.
In this embodiment, before the SOFC system is started, that is, before the SOFC system is started, if the current temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold and the actual thawing time is longer than the time required for thawing the preset SOFC, the heater in the water tank thawing system is started to heat the target object in the water tank until the preset heating stop condition is met. That is, in the present invention, ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started, and since the ice in the water tank is heated before the SOFC system is started and the temperature of the ice is increased, the heating time for reheating the ice that has been heated after the SOFC system is started, that is, the water tank thawing time is shortened. Furthermore, in the process of heating ice, the preset SOFC unfreezing time determined according to the current stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control, and as the stack outlet temperature is a key factor influencing the starting time of the SOFC system, the preset SOFC unfreezing time corresponding to the stack outlet temperature is used as a parameter of heating control to carry out heating control, so that the accuracy of heating control is higher.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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