阅读说明：本技术 一种光学镜头及其拍摄光线过滤方法 (Optical lens and shooting light filtering method thereof ) 是由 林肖怡 刘涵 陈健鹏 陈天谋 于 2020-08-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种光学镜头及其拍摄光线过滤方法,包括光学透镜组、用于组装光学透镜组的壳体,以及外装于壳体前端的光学滤镜总成,所述光学滤镜总成用于满足拍摄需要为光学镜头组提供单种或多种滤镜的自由组合,所述光学滤镜总成包括光学滤镜组、用于容置光学滤镜组的镜筒,以及调节光学滤镜组进入光学透镜组光线总量的调节圈,所述光学滤镜组、调节圈和光学透镜组依次连接构成拍摄光路。本发明通过在镜筒中设置多个用于放置滤镜镜片的滤镜槽,可使滤镜镜片在镜筒中单独使用或多个组合使用,分别获得单个滤镜效果或多个滤镜叠加效果,满足人们对各种滤镜效果的需求,适用性更广,提高影像成片质量。(The invention discloses an optical lens and a shooting light filtering method thereof, and the optical lens comprises an optical lens group, a shell for assembling the optical lens group, and an optical filter assembly arranged at the front end of the shell externally, wherein the optical filter assembly is used for meeting shooting requirements and providing free combination of single or multiple filters for the optical lens group, the optical filter assembly comprises an optical filter group, a lens cone for accommodating the optical filter group, and an adjusting ring for adjusting the total light quantity of the optical filter group entering the optical lens group, and the optical filter group, the adjusting ring and the optical lens group are sequentially connected to form a shooting light path. The lens barrel is provided with the plurality of filter grooves for placing the filter lenses, so that the filter lenses can be used independently or in combination in the lens barrel, a single filter effect or a superposition effect of a plurality of filters can be obtained respectively, the requirements of people on various filter effects are met, the applicability is wider, and the image forming quality is improved.)

1. An optical lens and a method for filtering shooting light thereof are characterized in that: the optical filter assembly comprises an optical lens group (1), a shell (2) used for assembling the optical lens group (1), and an optical filter assembly (3) externally mounted at the front end of the shell (2), wherein the optical filter assembly (3) is used for meeting the shooting requirement and providing free combination of single or multiple filters for the optical lens group;

optical filter assembly (3) include optical filter group (301), be used for lens cone (302) of holding optical filter group (301) to and adjust optical filter group (301) and get into regulation circle (303) of optical lens group (1) light total amount, optical filter group (301), regulation circle (303) and optical lens group (1) connect gradually and constitute and shoot the light path, optical filter group (301) are used for filtering and have single or multiple combination filter effect to the light of entering optical lens group (1), regulation circle (303) are used for avoiding optical filter group (301) multiple combination filter effect causes the vignetting influence that gets into optical lens group (1) light and appear.

2. An optical lens and a method for filtering the light rays of a shot according to claim 1, wherein: the optical filter group (301) comprises six commonly used filter lenses (3011) with filter effects, which are respectively: the filter lens (3011) with six common filter effects has three use modes, namely, one filter lens (3011) is selected from the six filter effects to be used singly; secondly, selecting a filter lens (3011) from the six filter effects to be used in an overlapping way; thirdly, a plurality of filter lenses (3011) are selected to be used in an overlapping mode among six filter effects.

3. An optical lens and a method for filtering the light rays of a shot according to claim 1, wherein: be equipped with a plurality of confessions in lens cone (302) filter lens (3011) placed lens groove (3021), it is a plurality of be parallel to each other and not contact each other between lens groove (3021), set up at the top in lens groove (3021) and supply that filter lens (3011) put into put a mouth (3022), put into in lens groove (3021) filter lens (3011) through butt joint knot (4) fixed connection in lens groove (3021), butt joint knot (4) are including setting up on filter lens (3011) peripheral connector knot (401) and setting up on lens groove (3021) that lie in putting a mouth (3022) both ends supply to connect the connector box (402) of connector knot (401) lock joint, connector box (401) and connector box (402) lock joint or separation under the effect of external force.

4. An optical lens and a method for filtering the light rays of a shot according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting ring (303) is arranged in the lens barrel (302) and is positioned at the rear end of the lens groove (3021), an adjusting rod (3031), a shading ring belt (3032) connected with the front end of the adjusting rod (3031) and an adjusting rail (3033) for the adjusting rod (3031) to move are arranged in the adjusting ring (303), a moving block (3034) is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting rod (3031), a spiral moving groove (3035) matched with the moving block (3034) is arranged in the adjusting track (3033), the moving direction of the adjusting rod (3031) in the moving groove (3035) is that the diameter is reduced or increased to be spiral from the outer frame of the adjusting ring (303) to the inner part of the adjusting ring (303), the shading ring belt (3032) is in a ring structure in the inner part of the adjusting ring (303) in the moving process of the adjusting rod (3031), the middle part of the annular structure is a circular aperture through which shooting light passing through the filter lens (3011) passes.

5. The optical lens and the method for filtering the photographing light thereof as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the starting end of the moving groove (3035) is provided with a containing cavity (5) for containing a shading ring belt (3032), a containing roller (501) for winding and containing the shading ring belt (3032) and a self-rotating spring (502) which is arranged at two ends of the containing roller (501) and connected with the wall of the containing cavity (5) are arranged in the containing cavity (5), one end of the shading ring belt (3032) is connected to the front end of the adjusting rod (3031), the other end of the shading ring belt is connected to the containing roller (501), and the self-rotating spring (502) is used for driving the containing roller (501) to rotate so as to enable the shading ring belt (3032) to be wound on the surface of the containing roller (501) in a recovering manner.

6. An optical lens and a method for filtering the light rays of claim 3, wherein: the side edge of the moving groove (3035) is provided with a limiting groove (6) for fixing the position of the moving block (3034), the limiting groove (6) is matched with the width of the moving block (3034), wave-shaped clamping spring plates (601) with two ends fixed on the groove wall of the limiting groove (6) are arranged on two sides of the limiting groove (6), and the moving block (3034) is pushed between the wave-shaped clamping spring plates (601) on two sides under the action of external force or pulled out from between the wave-shaped clamping spring plates (601) on two sides.

7. A method for filtering photographing light rays used for an optical lens barrel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

s100, selecting a single filter lens or a plurality of filter lenses to be used for standby according to the requirements of the shot pictures or the shooting effect;

s200, if a single filter lens is used for filtering, inserting the filter lens into a lens groove along a lens placing opening, and fixing the filter lens on the lens groove through a butt joint buckle; if a plurality of filter lenses are used for filtering, each filter lens is inserted into the lens groove along the lens placing opening in sequence and is fixed on the lens groove through the butt joint buckle, and filtering combination of the plurality of filter lenses in the lens cone is completed;

s300, calculating the size of a vignetting according to the number of the filter lenses, and adjusting the shading range of the shading ring belt in the adjusting ring so as to reduce the range of the shooting light filtered by the combination of the plurality of filter lenses entering the optical lens group and remove the light forming the vignetting range;

s400, after shooting is finished, the adjusting ring is restored to the maximum light transmission area, and the filter lens is taken out from the lens groove for the next use.

8. The photographing light filtering method of claim 7, wherein the process of the adjusting ring adjusting the light shielding range comprises the steps of:

s301, the adjusting rod drives the moving block to move along the spiral track of the moving groove, and the shading ring belt forms a shading annular structure inside the adjusting ring along with the adjusting rod;

s302, moving the adjusting rod according to the range of the dark corner to enable a shading ring structure formed by the shading ring belt in the adjusting ring to just shade the shooting light forming the dark corner, and then pushing the moving block into the limiting groove to fix the position of the shading ring belt;

and S303, releasing the moving block from the limiting groove when the adjustment is needed to be carried out subsequently according to the dark angle range generated by the new filter combination, and continuously using the adjusting rod to adjust the shielding range of the light shielding ring band.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical images, in particular to an optical lens and a method for filtering shot light thereof.

Background

With the rise of the current short video and live broadcast industries, people put forward higher and higher requirements on optical equipment for shooting, and the optical equipment has the function of beautifying a filter while ensuring shooting definition;

in order to realize the function of beautifying the filter, a fixed filter lens is usually added on a lens of the optical equipment to filter a light path entering the lens so as to achieve a corresponding filtering effect;

to using the mode that adopts fixed filter lens to beautify the operation at present, every camera lens is shot and is possessed only one kind and filter the mode, and the use limitation is big to lack and carry out reasonable evading to the vignetting that leads to after using the filter, lead to the image to become the piece quality poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an optical lens and a shooting light filtering method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that each lens only has a single filtering mode in each shooting, the use limitation is large, and the dark angle caused by using a filter is not reasonably avoided, so that the image forming quality is poor in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:

an optical lens and a shooting light filtering method thereof comprise an optical lens group, a shell used for assembling the optical lens group, and an optical filter assembly externally arranged at the front end of the shell, wherein the optical filter assembly is used for meeting the shooting requirement and providing free combination of single or multiple filters for the optical lens group;

the optical filter assembly comprises an optical filter group, a lens cone used for containing the optical filter group and a regulating ring used for regulating the optical filter group to enter the total light quantity of the optical lens group, the optical filter group, the regulating ring and the optical lens group are sequentially connected to form a shooting light path, the optical filter group is used for filtering light entering the optical lens group and has single or multiple combined filtering effects, and the regulating ring is used for avoiding the dark angle influence caused by the multiple combined filtering effects of the optical filter group to enter the optical lens group.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical filter group includes six commonly used filter lenses with filter effects, which are respectively: the filter lens with six common filter effects has three using modes, namely, one filter lens is selected from the six filter effects and is used singly; secondly, selecting one filter lens from the six filter effects to be used in an overlapping way; thirdly, various filter lenses are selected from the six filter effects to be used in a superposition mode.

As a preferred scheme of the present invention, a plurality of lens grooves for placing the filter lenses are arranged in the lens barrel, the lens grooves are parallel to each other and do not contact with each other, a lens placing opening for placing the filter lenses is formed in the top of each lens groove, the filter lenses placed in the lens grooves are fixedly connected in the lens grooves through butt buckles, each butt buckle comprises a connector sub-buckle arranged on the periphery of each filter lens and a connecting female buckle arranged on the lens grooves at the two ends of the lens placing opening and used for buckling the connector sub-buckles, and the connector sub-buckles and the connecting female buckles are buckled or separated under the action of an external force.

As a preferred scheme of the present invention, the adjusting ring is disposed in the lens barrel at the rear end of the lens groove, an adjusting rod, a shading ring belt connected to the front end of the adjusting rod, and an adjusting rail for the adjusting rod to move are disposed in the adjusting ring, a moving block is disposed at the bottom of the adjusting rod, a spiral moving groove matched with the moving block is disposed in the adjusting rail, the moving direction of the adjusting rod in the moving groove is that the adjusting rod is screwed from the outer frame of the adjusting ring to the inside of the adjusting ring in the direction of diameter reduction or increase, the shading ring belt is in an annular structure in the adjusting ring during the movement of the adjusting rod, and the middle of the annular structure is a circular aperture for the shooting light passing through the filter lens.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a receiving cavity for receiving the light-shielding ring belt is disposed at a starting end of the moving groove, a receiving roller for winding and receiving the light-shielding ring belt and a spinning spring disposed at two ends of the receiving roller and connected to a wall of the receiving cavity are disposed in the receiving cavity, one end of the light-shielding ring belt is connected to a front end of the adjusting rod, the other end of the light-shielding ring belt is connected to the receiving roller, and the spinning spring is configured to drive the receiving roller to rotate so as to recycle and wind the light-shielding ring belt on a surface of the receiving roller.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a limit groove for fixing the position of the moving block is formed in a side edge of the moving groove, the limit groove is matched with the width of the moving block, wave-shaped clamping spring plates, both ends of which are fixed on a groove wall of the limit groove, are installed on both sides of the limit groove, and the moving block is pushed between the wave-shaped clamping spring plates on both sides or pulled out from between the wave-shaped clamping spring plates on both sides under the action of an external force.

The invention provides a method for filtering shooting light of an optical lens, which comprises the following steps:

s100, selecting a single filter lens or a plurality of filter lenses to be used for standby according to the requirements of the shot pictures or the shooting effect;

s200, if a single filter lens is used for filtering, inserting the filter lens into a lens groove along a lens placing opening, and fixing the filter lens on the lens groove through a butt joint buckle; if a plurality of filter lenses are used for filtering, each filter lens is inserted into the lens groove along the lens placing opening in sequence and is fixed on the lens groove through the butt joint buckle, and filtering combination of the plurality of filter lenses in the lens cone is completed;

s300, calculating the size of a vignetting according to the number of the filter lenses, and adjusting the shading range of the shading ring belt in the adjusting ring so as to reduce the range of the shooting light filtered by the combination of the plurality of filter lenses entering the optical lens group and remove the light forming the vignetting range;

s400, after shooting is finished, the adjusting ring is restored to the maximum light transmission area, and the filter lens is taken out from the lens groove for the next use.

As a photographing light filtering method of the optical lens and the photographing light filtering method thereof provided by the present invention, a process of adjusting a light shielding range by the adjusting ring includes the steps of:

s301, the adjusting rod drives the moving block to move along the spiral track of the moving groove, and the shading ring belt forms a shading annular structure inside the adjusting ring along with the adjusting rod;

s302, moving the adjusting rod according to the range of the dark corner to enable a shading ring structure formed by the shading ring belt in the adjusting ring to just shade the shooting light forming the dark corner, and then pushing the moving block into the limiting groove to fix the position of the shading ring belt;

and S303, releasing the moving block from the limiting groove when the adjustment is needed to be carried out subsequently according to the dark angle range generated by the new filter combination, and continuously using the adjusting rod to adjust the shielding range of the light shielding ring band.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the lens barrel is provided with the plurality of filter grooves for placing the filter lenses, so that the filter lenses can be used independently or in combination in the lens barrel, a single filter effect or a superposition effect of a plurality of filters can be obtained respectively, the requirements of people on various filter effects are met, the applicability is wider, the dark angle range generated by the filters is reasonably avoided by adopting the adjusting ring, the reality degree of the image is not influenced while the beautifying filter effect is obtained, and the image forming quality is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a butt-joint buckle structure provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the butt joint buckle according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adjusting ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spacing groove structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a receiving cavity according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals in the drawings denote the following, respectively:

1-an optical lens group; 2-a shell; 3-an optical filter assembly; 4-butting buckles; 5-a receiving cavity; 6-a limiting groove;

301-optical filter set; 3011-a filter lens;

302-lens barrel; 3021-lens slot; 3022-placing a tablet port;

303-adjusting ring; 3031-adjusting the lever; 3032-a light-shielding ring band; 3033-adjusting the rail; 3034-moving block; 3035-moving the trough;

401-connector button; 402-connecting the female buckle;

501-accommodating rollers; 502-a spin spring;

601-wave shape clamping spring plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides an optical lens assembly and a method for filtering photographing light thereof, including an optical lens assembly 1, a housing 2 for assembling the optical lens assembly 1, and an optical filter assembly 3 externally mounted on a front end of the housing 2, the optical filter assembly 3 being used for satisfying photographing requirements and providing a free combination of single or multiple filters for the optical lens assembly;

the optical filter assembly 3 includes an optical filter group 301, a lens barrel 302 for accommodating the optical filter group 301, and a regulating ring 303 for regulating the total amount of light entering the optical lens group 1 from the optical filter group 301, the regulating ring 303 and the optical lens group 1 are sequentially connected to form a shooting light path, the optical filter group 301 is used for filtering the light entering the optical lens group 1 and has single or multiple combined filtering effects, and the regulating ring 303 is used for avoiding the dark angle influence on the light entering the optical lens group 1 caused by the multiple combined filtering effects of the optical filter group 301.

The lens barrel 302 is located at the foremost end of the housing 2, and is generally connected with the housing 2 in a detachable connection manner such as threaded connection or nested connection, the lens barrel 302 and the housing 2 are located on the same straight line after being assembled, and the optical filter group 301 arranged in the lens barrel 302 is formed by combining various filter lenses 3011 which have a filtering effect on the shooting light, because the lens barrel 302 and the housing 2 are located on the same straight line after being assembled, the optical filter group 301 inside the lens barrel 302 and the optical lens group 1 inside the housing 2 are located on the same straight line, so the shooting light can enter the optical lens group 1 in parallel through the optical filter group 301, thereby ensuring that the shooting light entering the optical lens is consistent with the shooting light entering the optical lens when the filter is not used, and the shooting light enters in parallel all the time, and avoiding the distortion of the shooting image caused by adding the optical filter group.

The optical filter group 301 includes six commonly used filter lenses 3011 with filter effects, which are: the ultraviolet filter can filter stray light in sunlight to make a shot picture clearer, the polarizer can effectively weaken or eliminate reflection of a non-metal surface, the star mirror can slightly soften an image, a light source in a picture can be changed into a plurality of star points to create a romantic and interesting child mood, the soft mirror has the function of inhibiting and beautifying flaws on the face of a person, the medium density mirror can block a part of light without changing the composition of light, the color temperature filter can change the color temperature, specifically reduce the color temperature and increase the color temperature, the six filter lenses 3011 have the highest use frequency when the picture is shot or live broadcast, one filter can be selected to generate an individual filter effect, a plurality of filters can be selected to generate a combined filter effect, and a plurality of filters of the same kind can be selected to combine to enhance a certain filter effect, all options depend on the requirements of the captured image.

The lens barrel 302 is provided with a plurality of lens grooves 3021 for placing the filter lenses 3011, one filter lens 3011 or several filter lenses 3011 of the same kind or several filter lenses 3011 can be inserted into the lens grooves 3021 to obtain a desired filter effect, the lens grooves 3021 are parallel to each other and do not contact with each other, the filter lenses 3011 placed in the lens grooves 3021 are parallel to each other and do not contact with each other, it is ensured that light passes through the filters and is kept in a straight line and obtains a corresponding filter effect every time it passes through one filter lens 3011, the selected filter lens 3011 is placed into the lens groove 3021 through a placement port 3022 at the top of the lens groove 3021 according to the desired filter effect, and is fixedly connected in the lens groove 3021 through a butt buckle 4, wherein the butt buckle 4 comprises a connector buckle 401 arranged at the periphery of the filter lens 3011 and a connector buckle 401 arranged on the connector buckles 402 arranged on the lens grooves 3021 at both ends of the placement port 3022 for connecting with the filter lenses, the position of the filter lens 3011 in the lens groove 3021 is fixed by forcibly pressing and buckling the connector sub-buckle 401 onto the connector female buckle 402, so that shooting distortion caused by deflection of shooting light angle passing through the lens barrel 302 due to position deviation caused by shaking in the shooting process is avoided, when the filter lens 3011 is taken out, the connector sub-buckle 401 is forcibly separated from the connector female buckle 402, and the filter lens 3011 is taken out from the lens groove 3021 from the lens placing opening 3022.

As shown in fig. 4-6, this embodiment further provides an adjusting ring 303 disposed at the rear end of the lens slot 3021 in the lens barrel 302 for preventing the shooting light filtered by the multiple optical filter lenses 3011 from entering the optical lens assembly 1 to generate dark corners, the adjusting ring 303 can adjust the range of the light entering the optical lens assembly 1 from the optical filter assembly 301, and the phenomenon of dark corners of the shot image is called dark corners.

An adjusting rod 3031, a shading ring belt 3032 connected to the front end of the adjusting rod 3031 and an adjusting rail 3033 for the adjusting rod 3031 to move are arranged in the adjusting ring 303, a moving block 3034 is arranged at the bottom of the adjusting rod 3031, the moving block 3034 and the adjusting rod 3031 are in an integrated structure, therefore, the moving block 3034 and the adjusting rod 3031 keep moving synchronously and have the same moving track, a spiral moving groove 3035 matched with the moving block 3034 is arranged in the adjusting rail 3033, one end of the adjusting rod 3031 moves on the moving groove 3035 along with the moving block 3034, the other end extends out of the adjusting ring 303 to provide external force to grasp for driving force for the moving of the moving block 3034, an empty groove for the adjusting rod 3031 to rotate is arranged on the adjusting ring 303, when the adjusting rod 3031 rotates circularly on the empty groove in the same direction, the driving force for the moving of the moving block 3034 in the moving groove 3035 is changed into the adjusting ring 303 to perform spiral in the direction of reducing or increasing the diameter from, at this time, the light blocking ring band 3032 forms an annular structure with an area gradually increasing or decreasing in the adjusting ring 303 during the moving process of the adjusting rod 3031, the light blocking ring band 3032 of the annular structure can block a light ray area forming a vignette, and a circular aperture reserved in the middle of the annular structure is used for allowing the vignette-free shooting light ray passing through the filter lens 3011 to enter the optical lens group 1 behind.

The shielding range of the light-shielding ring tape 3032 is determined by the number of the used filter lenses 3011, the area of the annular structure formed by the light-shielding ring tape 3032 is variable, in order to shield the dark angle range generated by the number of various filter lenses 3011, the light-shielding ring tape 3032 needs to be extended or shortened as required, therefore, a receiving cavity 5 for receiving the light-shielding ring tape 3032 is arranged at the starting end of the moving groove 3035, a receiving roller 501 for winding and receiving the light-shielding ring tape 3032 and a spinning spring 502 which is arranged at the two ends of the receiving roller 501 and is connected with the wall of the receiving cavity 5 are arranged in the receiving cavity 5, one end of the light-shielding ring tape 3032 is connected with the front end of the adjusting rod 3031, the other end is connected with the receiving roller 501, when the adjusting rod 3031 moves along with the moving block 3034 to the direction of the inner diameter of the adjusting ring 303, the light-shielding ring tape 3032 also forms the annular structure with the gradually increasing area along with, at this time, the shading ring belt 3032 is drawn out from the receiving roller 501 to drive the receiving roller 501 to roll, the spinning springs 502 connected at the two ends are rotated along with the receiving roller 501 in the rolling process to generate a desired restoring torque force opposite to the drawing direction of the shading ring belt 3032, when the adjusting rod 3031 moves along with the moving block 3034 to the direction of increasing the inner diameter of the adjusting ring 303, the shading ring belt 3032 gradually reduces the annular structure with large area along with the adjusting rod 3031, at this time, the required length of the shading ring belt 3032 is reduced, the shading ring belt 3032 on the receiving roller is in a loose state by the shading ring belt 3032 released by the annular structure, the acting force of the shading ring belt 3032 on the receiving roller disappears, at this time, the spinning springs 502 rotate under the action of the torque force, and the receiving roller rotates under the driving of the spinning springs 502 to recover and wind the shading ring belt 3032 on the surface of.

In order to prevent the annular structure formed by the shade ring band 3032 from being changed in the interference area caused by external movement during shooting, a limit groove 6 for fixing the moving block 3034 is arranged on the side edge of the moving groove 3035, the width of the limit groove 6 is matched with that of the moving block 3034, so that the moving block 3034 can enter the limit groove 6, the two sides of the limit groove 6 are both provided with wave-shaped clamping spring plates 601, the two ends of each wave-shaped clamping spring plate 601 are fixed on the groove wall of the limit groove 6, the wave-shaped clamping spring plates 601 at the two sides are oppositely arranged, a groove for accommodating and clamping the moving block 3034 is formed between the wave troughs of the wave-shaped clamping spring plates 601 at the two sides, and a bayonet for preventing the moving block 3034 from being separated is formed between wave crest parts at two sides of one side facing the opening of the limiting groove 6, and the wave-shaped clamping spring plates 601 with elasticity at two sides are mutually separated when the moving block 3034 is inserted or pulled out, so that the bayonet is opened, and the moving block 3034 can be inserted into or pulled out of the limiting groove 6.