阅读说明：本技术 毫米波天线装置、毫米波信号控制方法和电子设备 (Millimeter wave antenna device, millimeter wave signal control method, and electronic apparatus ) 是由 周林 于 2019-03-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种毫米波天线装置、毫米波信号控制方法和电子设备,包括多个毫米波模组,用于收发毫米波信号,且至少两个毫米波模组的辐射方向角不同；馈电网络,用于馈入电流信号,当馈电网络与至少一个毫米波模组导通连接时以形成至少一个收发链路；开关模块,分别与多个毫米波模组、馈电网络连接,用于导通或断开毫米波模组所在的收发链路；控制模块,与开关模块连接,用于控制开关模块的通断；其中,控制模块控制开关模块分别导通每一毫米波模组所在的收发链路,以确定目标辐射方向,并根据目标辐射方向控制开关模块同时导通多个毫米波模组所在的多个收发链路,以使多个毫米波模组同时收发毫米波信号,从而提高电子设备的毫米波天线增益。(The application relates to a millimeter wave antenna device, a millimeter wave signal control method and electronic equipment, which comprise a plurality of millimeter wave modules and a plurality of millimeter wave modules, wherein the millimeter wave modules are used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals, and the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules are different; the feed network is used for feeding in current signals and forms at least one transceiving link when the feed network is in conductive connection with at least one millimeter wave module; the switch module is respectively connected with the millimeter wave modules and the feed network and is used for switching on or switching off the transceiving links where the millimeter wave modules are located; the control module is connected with the switch module and is used for controlling the on-off of the switch module; the control module controls the switch module to respectively conduct the receiving and sending links where each millimeter wave module is located so as to determine the target radiation direction, and controls the switch module to simultaneously conduct the multiple receiving and sending links where the multiple millimeter wave modules are located according to the target radiation direction so that the multiple millimeter wave modules simultaneously receive and send millimeter wave signals, and therefore the millimeter wave antenna gain of the electronic equipment is improved.)

1. A millimeter-wave antenna device, comprising:

the millimeter wave modules are used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals, and the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules are different;

the feed network is used for feeding current signals and is in conductive connection with at least one millimeter wave module to form at least one transceiving link;

the switch module is respectively connected with the plurality of millimeter wave modules and the feed network and is used for switching on or switching off the receiving and transmitting link where the millimeter wave modules are located;

the control module is connected with the switch module and used for controlling the on-off of the switch module; the control module controls the switch module to respectively conduct the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module is located so as to determine a target radiation direction, and controls the switch module to simultaneously conduct a plurality of transceiving links where a plurality of millimeter wave modules are located according to the target radiation direction so as to enable the plurality of millimeter wave modules to simultaneously receive and transmit millimeter wave signals.

2. The millimeter wave antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a processing module, wherein the processing module is respectively connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules, and is configured to receive the millimeter wave signals received and transmitted by each millimeter wave module, and determine a radiation phase of a synthetic beam formed by the plurality of millimeter wave signals according to a preset beam synthetic equation, so that a radiation direction of the synthetic beam points to the target radiation direction.

3. The millimeter-wave antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the switch module includes a first switch unit and a plurality of second switch units; one end of the first switch unit is connected with the feed network and the control module respectively, and the other end of the first switch unit is connected with one end of the plurality of second switch units respectively; one ends of the second switch units are connected with the control module, and the other ends of the second switch units are connected with the millimeter wave modules in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

4. The millimeter-wave antenna device according to claim 3, wherein the first switch unit is a single-pole-multiple-throw switch, and the second switch unit is a single-pole-double-throw switch.

5. The millimeter-wave antenna device according to claim 3, further comprising a power divider, the power divider comprising an input terminal and a plurality of output terminals; the input end is connected with the first switch unit, and the output ends are respectively connected with the second switch units in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for receiving and adjusting the power distribution ratio of the millimeter wave signals.

6. A millimeter wave signal control method is applied to a millimeter wave antenna device, the millimeter wave antenna device comprises a plurality of millimeter wave modules, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

controlling the on-off of the switch module to enable each millimeter wave module to be in a working state independently so as to obtain gain information of millimeter wave signals transmitted and received by each millimeter wave module;

and determining a target radiation direction according to the gain information, and controlling the on-off of a switch module according to the target radiation direction so as to enable the plurality of millimeter wave modules to be in a working state at the same time.

7. The millimeter wave signal control method according to claim 6, wherein the determining a target radiation direction from the gain information comprises:

controlling each millimeter wave module to carry out beam scanning so as to obtain gain information of each millimeter wave module in different directions;

and determining the target radiation direction according to the plurality of gain information, wherein the target radiation direction is the incoming wave direction of the millimeter wave signal.

8. The millimeter wave signal control method according to claim 6, wherein the controlling the on/off of the switch module according to the target radiation direction to make the plurality of millimeter wave modules simultaneously in the working state comprises:

controlling a switch module to simultaneously conduct a plurality of transceiving links where a plurality of millimeter wave modules are located, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules simultaneously transceive the millimeter wave signals;

and receiving the millimeter wave signals received and sent by each millimeter wave module, and determining the radiation phase of a comprehensive beam formed by a plurality of millimeter wave signals according to a preset beam comprehensive equation so as to enable the radiation direction of the comprehensive beam to point to the target radiation direction.

9. The millimeter wave signal control method according to claim 6, wherein the switch module includes a first switch unit and a plurality of second switch units; the method comprises the following steps:

controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch units to respectively conduct a transceiving link between each millimeter wave module and the feed network so as to enable at least one millimeter wave module to be in a working state independently;

and controlling the power divider to selectively connect the plurality of second switch units and the plurality of second switch units of the first switch unit to be switched on and off so as to simultaneously conduct the transceiving links between the plurality of millimeter wave modules and the feed network, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules are in a working state at the same time.

10. An electronic device, comprising the millimeter wave antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and further comprising a millimeter wave radio frequency module connected to the millimeter wave antenna device for transceiving millimeter wave signals.

11. An electronic device, comprising a plurality of millimeter wave antenna devices for transceiving millimeter wave signals, a millimeter wave radio frequency module, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the millimeter wave signal control method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a millimeter wave antenna device, a millimeter wave signal control method, and an electronic device.

Background

Millimeter waves (Mm-Wave) are electromagnetic waves between microwaves and light waves, and generally, the frequency band of the Millimeter waves is 30 to 300GHz, the corresponding wavelength is 1 to 10Mm, and the Millimeter waves can provide a wider frequency band. As the amount of information increases rapidly, the throughput of the transmission will increase, and the transmission technology of the mm wave spectrum band has been regarded as one of the key communication technologies with high quality transmission capability.

Conventionally, a millimeter wave antenna device can perform transmission and reception of a millimeter wave signal only by a single module at the same time. However, the beam gain of a single millimeter wave module is limited by its own unit gain and the number of units, so the antenna gain of a single millimeter wave module is not very high, which results in that the millimeter wave antenna gain of the electronic device is difficult to improve.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a millimeter wave antenna device, a millimeter wave signal control method and electronic equipment, which can simultaneously receive and transmit millimeter wave signals through a plurality of millimeter wave modules, so that the millimeter wave antenna of the electronic equipment has gain.

A millimeter-wave antenna device comprising:

the millimeter wave modules are used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals, and the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules are different;

the feed network is used for feeding current signals and is in conductive connection with at least one millimeter wave module to form at least one transceiving link;

one end of the switch module is respectively connected with the millimeter wave modules, and the other end of the switch module is connected with the feed network and used for switching on or off the receiving and transmitting link where the millimeter wave modules are located;

the control module is connected with the switch module and used for controlling the on-off of the switch module; the control module controls the switch module to respectively conduct the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module is located so as to determine a target radiation direction, and controls the switch module to simultaneously conduct a plurality of transceiving links where a plurality of millimeter wave modules are located according to the target radiation direction so as to enable the plurality of millimeter wave modules to simultaneously receive and transmit millimeter wave signals.

A millimeter wave signal control method is applied to a millimeter wave antenna device, the millimeter wave antenna device comprises a plurality of millimeter wave modules, and the method comprises the following steps:

controlling the on-off of the switch module to enable each millimeter wave module to be in a working state independently so as to obtain gain information of millimeter wave signals transmitted and received by each millimeter wave module;

and determining a target radiation direction according to the gain information, and controlling the on-off of a switch module according to the target radiation direction so as to enable the plurality of millimeter wave modules to be in a working state at the same time.

An electronic device comprises the millimeter wave antenna device and further comprises a millimeter wave radio frequency module connected with the millimeter wave antenna device and used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals.

An electronic device, comprising a plurality of millimeter wave antenna devices for transceiving millimeter wave signals, a millimeter wave radio frequency module, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the millimeter wave signal control method.

The millimeter wave antenna device, the millimeter wave signal control method and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the application are characterized in that the millimeter wave antenna device comprises a plurality of millimeter wave modules for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals, and the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules are different; the feed network is used for feeding current signals and is in conductive connection with at least one millimeter wave module to form at least one transceiving link; one end of the switch module is respectively connected with the millimeter wave modules, and the other end of the switch module is connected with the feed network and used for switching on or off the receiving and transmitting link where the millimeter wave modules are located; the control module is connected with the switch module and used for controlling the on-off of the switch module; the control module controls the switch module to respectively conduct the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module is located so as to determine a target radiation direction, and controls the switch module to simultaneously conduct a plurality of transceiving links where a plurality of millimeter wave modules are located according to the target radiation direction, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules simultaneously receive and transmit millimeter wave signals, and therefore millimeter wave antenna gain of the electronic equipment is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a millimeter wave antenna device in one embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a millimeter-wave antenna apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a millimeter-wave antenna device according to an embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a fourth schematic diagram illustrating a structure of the millimeter-wave antenna device in an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a millimeter wave signal control method in one embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a millimeter wave signal control method in another embodiment;

fig. 7 is a block diagram of a partial structure of a mobile phone related to an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

It will be understood that, as used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first switch unit may be referred to as a second switch unit, and similarly, a second switch unit may be referred to as a first switch unit, without departing from the scope of the present application. The first switching unit and the second switching unit are both switching units, but are not the same switching unit.

In an embodiment, the electronic device may be a communication module including a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other settable millimeter wave antenna module.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a millimeter wave antenna apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, a millimeter wave antenna apparatus 100 includes a plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, a feeding network 120, a switch module 130, and a control module 140. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the millimeter wave modules 110 are configured to receive and transmit millimeter wave signals, and radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules 110 are different. That is, the operating frequency bands of the millimeter wave modules 110 are all millimeter wave frequency bands. A plurality is understood to be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the plurality may be 4, 8, 16, etc. positive integers greater than or equal to 2. Millimeter waves refer to electromagnetic waves having a wavelength on the order of millimeters, and having a frequency of about 30GHz to 300 GHz. The millimeter wave frequency band at least comprises the millimeter wave frequency band of the 5 th generation mobile communication system, and the frequency is 24250MHz-52600 MHz.

The 3GPP has specified a list of frequency bands supported by 5G NR, the 5G NR spectrum range can reach 100GHz, and two frequency ranges are specified: frequency range 1(FR1), i.e. the sub-6 GHz band, and Frequency range 2(FR2), i.e. the millimeter wave band. Frequency range of Frequency range 1: 450MHz-6.0GHz, with a maximum channel bandwidth of 100 MHz. The Frequency range of the Frequency range 2 is 24.25GHz-52.6GHz, and the maximum channel bandwidth is 400 MHz. The near 11GHz spectrum for 5G mobile broadband comprises: 3.85GHz licensed spectrum, for example: 28GHz (24.25-29.5GHz), 37GHz (37.0-38.6GHz), 39GHz (38.6-40GHz) and 14GHz unlicensed spectrum (57-71 GHz). The working frequency bands of the 5G communication system comprise three frequency bands of 28GHz, 39GHz and 60 GHz.

In an embodiment, each millimeter-wave module 110 may include an antenna array element, where the antenna array elements may be antennas that process millimeter-wave signals and may be implemented as phased antenna arrays. The antenna array for supporting millimeter wave communications may be an antenna array of patch antennas, dipole antennas, yagi antennas, beam antennas, or other suitable antenna elements.

It should be noted that, the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules 110 are different, and multiple millimeter wave modules 110 may be disposed at different positions of the electronic device, so that large-angle target detection is realized on the premise that no additional mechanical structure is added and the millimeter wave beam frequency is not changed, and multiple millimeter wave modules 110 can cover all angles to be detected. All angles can be understood as 0-180 degrees, namely all angles of the upper surface of the millimeter wave antenna module.

The feed network 120 is used for feeding current signals, and when the feed network 120 is in conductive connection with at least one millimeter wave module 110, at least one transceiving link is formed;

in an embodiment, the feeding network 120 may include a feeding axis and a feeding point, and when the feeding network 120 is conducted with the millimeter wave module 110, a transceiving link may be formed between the feeding network 120 and the millimeter wave module 110. Specifically, the millimeter wave module 110 performs coupling feeding through the feeding axis to feed in the current signal, so that the millimeter wave module 110 radiates the millimeter wave band signal. It can be understood that the feeding axis may directly obtain a current signal, which may also be referred to as an antenna electrical signal, from the feeding point on the motherboard through the feeding point, (i.e., the feeding point directly feeds the current signal to the feeding axis), and the millimeter wave module 110 is coupled and fed through the feeding axis, so that resonance is generated between the feeding axis and the millimeter wave module 110, and by adjusting the current signal fed through the feeding point, the resonance frequency may be adjusted, so that the millimeter wave module 110 radiates a millimeter wave band signal.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the millimeter wave antenna apparatus 100 includes a plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, and the feeding network 120 may be conducted with the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 at the same time to form a plurality of transceiving links, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 may simultaneously transceive millimeter wave signals.

One end of the switch module 130 is connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, and the other end of the switch module 130 is connected to the feed network 120, and is configured to connect or disconnect the transceiving link where the millimeter wave module 110 is located. Specifically, when one end of the switch module 130 is connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, the other end of the switch module 130 is connected to the feed network 120, and the switch module 130 can turn on or off a connection path between any one of the millimeter wave modules 110 and the feed network 120, so as to turn on or off a transceiving link of the millimeter wave module 110. When the switch module 130 simultaneously connects the connection paths between the millimeter wave modules 110 and the feed network 120, the number of the transceiving links of the millimeter wave modules 110 is also multiple, that is, the number of the transceiving links of the millimeter wave modules 110 is equal to the number of the millimeter waves. For example, when there are two millimeter wave modules 110, the number of the transceiver links of the corresponding millimeter wave module 110 is also two.

The control module 140 is connected with the switch module 130 and is used for controlling the on-off of the switch module 130; the control module 140 controls the switch module 130 to respectively conduct the transceiving link where each millimeter wave module 110 is located, so as to determine the target radiation direction.

The control module 140 may control the switch module 130 to respectively conduct the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module 110 is located according to a preset policy. For example, when it is detected that the millimeter wave module 110 needs to transmit and receive millimeter wave signals, the transmitting and receiving link where each millimeter wave module 110 is located may be sequentially turned on according to the priority order or any order of the millimeter wave modules 110, that is, the connection path between the millimeter wave module 110 and the feed network 120 is turned on, so that each millimeter wave module 110 is in an operating state independently to transmit and receive millimeter wave signals.

It should be noted that, when the control module 140 turns on a transceiving link where the millimeter wave module 110 is located, the millimeter wave module 110 is controlled to perform beam scanning, and gain information of the millimeter wave module 110 in different directions is obtained, and when the millimeter wave module 110 in the working state finishes scanning in all directions, the transceiving link where the millimeter wave module 110 is located is disconnected. All directions may be understood as all scannable directions of the upper surface of the millimeter-wave module 110. Then, the transceiver link where another millimeter wave module 110 is located is turned on, so that another millimeter wave module 110 performs beam scanning, and obtains gain information of the millimeter wave module 110 in different directions, until the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 complete beam scanning, so as to obtain gain information of the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 in different directions.

In one embodiment, the millimeter wave module includes a phase shifter, and the beam scanning may be implemented by the phase shifter. The phase shifter is matched with the design of each millimeter wave module 110 to form a phased array antenna with scannable wave beam, and the amplitude and the phase of each antenna unit in each millimeter wave module 110 are changed to realize the self wave beam scanning of each millimeter wave module 110.

After obtaining the gain information of each millimeter wave module 110 in different radiation directions, the control module 140 compares all the gain information to determine the target radiation direction. The gain information may be understood as a ratio of the receiving gain and the transmitting gain of the millimeter wave module 110, and the target radiation direction may be understood as an incoming wave direction of the millimeter wave signal, i.e., a base station direction. In this embodiment, the base station and the electronic device including the millimeter wave module 110 may implement communication connection by using a beamforming technology. Based on beam management, it can be seen that the beams of the base station and the beams of the electronic device are aligned with each other to achieve maximization of the receive gain and the transmit gain in the link.

In an embodiment, after the target radiation direction is determined, the switch module 130 is controlled to simultaneously turn on a plurality of transceiving links where the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 are located according to the target radiation direction, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 simultaneously transceive millimeter wave signals. The switch module 130 simultaneously turns on a plurality of transceiving links where the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 are located, that is, a connection path between the feeding network 120 and the millimeter wave module 110 is in a conducting state. At this time, the feeding network 120 may simultaneously feed the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, and the phase and amplitude of the feeding may be calculated according to a preset equation. When the millimeter wave modules 110 transmit and receive millimeter wave signals at the same time, the millimeter wave signals transmitted and received by the millimeter wave modules 110 at the same time may be processed to generate a target signal, and the radiation direction of the target signal may be directed to the target radiation direction.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the millimeter wave antenna apparatus may further include a processing module 150, where the processing module is respectively connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, and is configured to receive the millimeter wave signal received and transmitted by each millimeter wave module 110, and determine a radiation phase of a synthesized beam formed by the plurality of millimeter wave signals according to a preset beam synthesis equation, so that a radiation direction of the synthesized beam points to a target radiation direction. It will be appreciated that the determined radiation direction of the integration beam may be the maximum radiation direction of the integration beam. The maximum radiation direction of the millimeter wave modules 110 for simultaneously receiving and transmitting the millimeter wave signals points to the target radiation direction, so that the gain of the millimeter wave modules can be improved.

In one embodiment, the preset beam synthesis equation may be set according to the distributed antenna array principle, and the preset beam synthesis equation may further calculate the amplitude of the synthesized beam.

In this embodiment, the millimeter wave antenna apparatus 100 includes a plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 for transceiving millimeter wave signals, and the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules 110 are different; the feed network 120 is used for feeding current signals, and when the feed network 120 is in conductive connection with at least one millimeter wave module 110, at least one transceiving link is formed; one end of the switch module 130 is connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, and the other end of the switch module 130 is connected to the feed network 120, and is configured to connect or disconnect the transceiving link of the millimeter wave module 110; the control module 140 is connected with the switch module 130 and is used for controlling the on-off of the switch module 130; the control module 140 controls the switch module 130 to respectively connect the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module 110 is located, so as to determine the target radiation direction, and controls the switch module 130 to simultaneously connect the transceiving links where the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 are located according to the target radiation direction, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 simultaneously transmit and receive millimeter wave signals, and the transceiving links of the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 can be simultaneously connected to simultaneously transmit and receive millimeter wave signals, thereby improving the gain of the millimeter wave antenna of the electronic device.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the switch module 130 includes a first switch unit 131 and a plurality of second switch units 132; one end of the first switch unit 131 is connected to the feeding network 120 and the control module 140, the other end of the first switch unit 131 is connected to one ends of the second switch units 132, one end of each of the second switch units 132 is further connected to the control module 140, and the other ends of the second switch units 132 are correspondingly connected to the millimeter wave modules 110.

The on-off of the transceiving links where the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 are located is controlled by controlling the on-off of the first switch unit 131 and the second switch unit 132, so as to control the communication states of the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110. The communication state may include that each millimeter wave module 110 is in an operating state alone or that a plurality of millimeter wave modules 110 are in an operating state simultaneously.

In an embodiment, the millimeter-wave antenna apparatus 100 further includes a power divider 150, where the power divider 150 includes an input end and a plurality of output ends; the input end is connected with one end of the first switch unit, and the output ends are respectively connected with the second switch units in a one-to-one correspondence manner and used for receiving and adjusting the power distribution ratio of the millimeter wave signals.

Specifically, when the millimeter wave module 110 receives a signal, the power divider 150 synthesizes a millimeter wave signal received by each millimeter wave module 110, so as to synthesize multiple millimeter wave signals received by the millimeter wave modules 110 into one signal; when the millimeter-wave modules 110 transmit signals, the power divider 150 distributes the millimeter-wave signals to be transmitted to each millimeter-wave module 110 according to a preset strategy, so that the millimeter-wave modules 110 transmit the millimeter-wave signals at the same time.

In one embodiment, the first switch unit 131 is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and the second switch unit 132 is a single-pole double-throw switch. The single-pole double-throw switch comprises a fixed end and a plurality of movable ends, and the single-pole double-throw switch comprises a fixed end and two movable ends. The fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected with the feed network 120, one fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected with the movable ends of the single-pole double-throw switches through the power divider, the other movable ends of the single-pole multi-throw switch are respectively connected with the movable ends of the single-pole double-throw switches, and the fixed ends of the single-pole double-throw switches are respectively connected with the millimeter wave modules 110 in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The on-off state of the transmitting-receiving link where the millimeter wave modules 110 are located is controlled by controlling the on-off states of the single-pole multi-throw switch and the single-pole double-throw switch, so that the communication states of the millimeter wave modules 110 are controlled.

The present embodiment is described by taking the millimeter-wave antenna apparatus 100 including two millimeter-wave modules 110 as an example. As shown in fig. 4, millimeter-wave antenna apparatus 100 includes first millimeter-wave module 111 and second millimeter-wave module 112, and first millimeter-wave module 111 and second millimeter-wave module 112 may be disposed at different positions of the electronic device to increase the coverage area of millimeter-wave signals. Accordingly, the switch module 130 includes a single pole, three throw switch 133 and first and second single pole, two throw switches 134 and 135. The single-pole-three-throw switch 133 includes a first fixed end 1331, a first moving end 1332, a first moving end 1333 and a third moving end 1334, the first single-pole-two-throw switch 134 includes a second fixed end 1341, a fourth moving end 1342 and a fifth moving end 1343, and the second single-pole-two-throw switch 135 includes a third fixed end 1351, a sixth moving end 1352 and a seventh moving end 1353. The first fixed end 1331 is connected to the feed network 120, and the first movable end 1332 is connected to the fourth movable end 1342 of the first single-pole double-throw switch 134 and the sixth movable end 1352 of the second single-pole double-throw switch 135 through the power splitter 150; the second moving end 1333 is connected to the fifth moving end 1343 of the first single-pole double-throw switch 134, and the third moving end 1334 is connected to the seventh moving end 1353 of the second single-pole double-throw switch 135; the second stationary terminal 1341 is connected to the first millimeter wave module 111, and the third stationary terminal 1351 is connected to the second millimeter wave module 112. The on-off state of the transmitting-receiving link where the two millimeter wave modules 110 are located is controlled by controlling the on-off states of the single-pole-three-throw switch 133 and the single-pole-two-throw switch, so that the communication states of the two millimeter wave modules 110 are controlled.

Specifically, when the first stationary end 1331 is conducted with the second movable end 1333, and the second stationary end 1341 is conducted with the fifth movable end 1343, the transceiving link where the first millimeter wave module 111 is located is conducted, and at this time, the first millimeter wave module 111 is in a working state; when the first stationary end 1331 is conducted with the third movable end 1334, and the third stationary end 1351 is conducted with the seventh movable end 1353, the transceiving link where the second millimeter-wave module 112 is located is conducted, and at this time, the second millimeter-wave module 112 is in a working state; when the first stationary end 1331 is conducted with the first moving end 1332, the second stationary end 1341 is conducted with the fourth moving end 1342, and the third stationary end 1351 is conducted with the sixth moving end 1352, the transceiving links where the first millimeter wave module 111 and the second millimeter wave module 112 are located are both conducted, and at this time, the first millimeter wave module 111 and the second millimeter wave module 112 are in a working state at the same time. The first millimeter wave module 111 and the second millimeter wave module 112 can simultaneously transmit and receive millimeter wave signals, thereby improving the gain of the millimeter wave antenna.

The millimeter-wave antenna apparatus 100 includes two millimeter-wave modules 110 for illustration purposes only, and in other embodiments, the millimeter-wave antenna apparatus 100 may include three, four, and so on millimeter-wave modules 110, and accordingly, include different numbers and different types of switch units to complete all or part of the functions of the millimeter-wave antenna apparatus 100.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a millimeter wave signal control method in an embodiment, which is applied to a millimeter wave antenna device including a plurality of millimeter wave modules, as shown in fig. 5, the millimeter wave signal control method includes steps 510 and 520, wherein,

step 510, controlling on/off of the switch module to enable each millimeter wave module to be in a working state independently so as to obtain gain information of each millimeter wave module for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals;

the millimeter wave modules are used for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals, and the radiation direction angles of at least two millimeter wave modules are different. That is, the working frequency bands of the plurality of millimeter wave modules are all millimeter wave frequency bands. A plurality is understood to be a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. For example, the plurality may be 4, 8, 16, etc. positive integers greater than or equal to 2. Millimeter waves refer to electromagnetic waves having a wavelength on the order of millimeters, and having a frequency of about 30GHz to 300 GHz. The millimeter wave frequency band at least comprises the millimeter wave frequency band of the 5 th generation mobile communication system, and the frequency is 24250MHz-52600 MHz.

The 3GPP has specified a list of frequency bands supported by 5GNR, the 5GNR spectrum range can reach 100GHz, and two frequency ranges are specified: frequency range 1(FR1), i.e. the sub-6 GHz band, and Frequency range 2(FR2), i.e. the millimeter wave band. Frequency range of Frequency range 1: 450MHz-6.0GHz, with a maximum channel bandwidth of 100 MHz. The Frequency range of the Frequency range 2 is 24.25GHz-52.6GHz, and the maximum channel bandwidth is 400 MHz. The near 11GHz spectrum for 5G mobile broadband comprises: 3.85GHz licensed spectrum, for example: 28GHz (24.25-29.5GHz), 37GHz (37.0-38.6GHz), 39GHz (38.6-40GHz) and 14GHz unlicensed spectrum (57-71 GHz). The working frequency bands of the 5G communication system comprise three frequency bands of 28GHz, 39GHz and 60 GHz.

In an embodiment, each millimeter wave module may include an antenna array element, where the antenna array elements may be antennas that process millimeter wave signals may be implemented as phased antenna arrays. The antenna array for supporting millimeter wave communications may be an antenna array of patch antennas, dipole antennas, yagi antennas, beam antennas, or other suitable antenna elements.

In an embodiment, one end of the switch module is connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules, and the other end of the switch module is connected to the feed network, and is configured to turn on or off the transceiving link of the millimeter wave module. Specifically, when one end of the switch module is connected with the plurality of millimeter wave modules respectively, the other end of the switch module is connected with the feed network, and a connection path between any one millimeter wave module and the feed network can be switched on or off through the switch module, so that a transceiving link of the millimeter wave module is switched on or off. When the switch module simultaneously conducts the connecting paths between the millimeter wave modules and the feed network, the number of the receiving and transmitting links of the millimeter wave modules is also multiple, namely the number of the receiving and transmitting links of the millimeter wave modules is equal to the number of the millimeter waves. For example, when there are two millimeter wave modules, the number of the transceiver links of the corresponding millimeter wave module is also two.

In one embodiment, the switch module can be controlled by the control unit to be switched on and off so that each millimeter wave module is in an operating state independently. The control module is connected with the switch module and is used for controlling the on-off of the switch module; the control module controls the switch module to respectively conduct the transceiving link where each millimeter wave module is located so as to determine the target radiation direction.

The control module may control the switch module to respectively conduct the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module is located according to a preset strategy, for example, when it is detected that the millimeter wave module needs to transmit and receive millimeter wave signals, the transceiving links where each millimeter wave module is located are sequentially conducted according to the priority order or any order of the millimeter wave modules, that is, a connection path between the millimeter wave module and the feed network is conducted, so that each millimeter wave module is individually in a working state to transmit and receive millimeter wave signals. It should be noted that, when the control module turns on a transceiving link where the millimeter wave module is located, the millimeter wave module is controlled to perform beam scanning, and gain information of the millimeter wave module in different directions is obtained, and when the millimeter wave module in the working state finishes scanning all directions, the transceiving link where the millimeter wave module is located is disconnected, and all directions can be understood as all scannable directions of the upper surface of the millimeter wave module. And then, a receiving and transmitting link where the other millimeter wave module is located is conducted, so that the other millimeter wave module performs beam scanning, and gain information of the millimeter wave module in different directions is obtained until the plurality of millimeter wave modules complete beam scanning, so that gain information of the plurality of millimeter wave modules in different directions is obtained.

In one embodiment, the millimeter wave module includes a phase shifter, and the beam scanning may be implemented by the phase shifter. The phase shifter is matched with the design of each millimeter wave module to form the phased array antenna with scannable wave beams, and the wave beam scanning of each millimeter wave module can be realized by changing the amplitude and the phase of each antenna unit in each millimeter wave module.

And step 520, determining the target radiation direction according to the gain information, and controlling the on-off of the switch module according to the target radiation direction so as to enable the plurality of millimeter wave modules to be in a working state at the same time.

After gain information of each millimeter wave module in different radiation directions is acquired, all the gain information is compared to determine the target radiation direction. The gain information can be understood as the ratio of the receiving gain and the transmitting gain of the millimeter wave module, and the target radiation direction can be understood as the incoming wave direction of the millimeter wave signal, i.e. the base station direction. In this embodiment, a base station and an electronic device including the millimeter wave module implement communication connection by using a beamforming technology. Based on beam management, it can be seen that the beams of the base station and the beams of the electronic device are aligned with each other to achieve maximization of the receive gain and the transmit gain in the link.

In an embodiment, after the target radiation direction is determined, the control module may control the switch module to simultaneously connect a plurality of transceiving links where the plurality of millimeter wave modules are located according to the target radiation direction, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules simultaneously transceive the millimeter wave signals. The switch module simultaneously conducts a plurality of transceiving links where a plurality of millimeter wave modules are located, namely a connection path between the feed network and the millimeter wave modules is in a conducting state, at the moment, the feed network can simultaneously feed the plurality of millimeter wave modules, and the phase and amplitude of the feed can be calculated according to a preset equation. When the plurality of millimeter wave modules simultaneously transmit and receive millimeter wave signals, the millimeter wave signals simultaneously transmitted and received by the plurality of millimeter wave modules can be processed to generate target signals, and the radiation direction of the target signals can be pointed to the target radiation direction.

In an embodiment, the millimeter wave antenna apparatus 100 may further include a processing module, where the processing module is respectively connected to the plurality of millimeter wave modules 110, and is configured to receive the millimeter wave signal received and transmitted by each millimeter wave module 110, and determine a radiation phase of a synthesized beam formed by the plurality of millimeter wave signals according to a preset beam synthesis equation, so that a radiation direction of the synthesized beam points to a target radiation direction. It will be appreciated that the determined radiation direction of the integration beam may be the maximum radiation direction of the integration beam. The maximum radiation direction of the millimeter wave modules 110 for simultaneously receiving and transmitting the millimeter wave signals points to the target radiation direction, so that the gain of the millimeter wave modules can be improved.

In one embodiment, the preset beam synthesis equation may be set according to the distributed antenna array principle, and the preset beam synthesis equation may further calculate the amplitude of the synthesized beam.

According to the millimeter wave signal control method provided by the embodiment of the application, each millimeter wave module is independently in a working state by controlling the on-off of the switch module, so that gain information of each millimeter wave module for receiving and transmitting a millimeter wave signal is obtained; and determining a target radiation direction according to the gain information, and controlling the on-off of the switch module according to the target radiation direction so as to enable the plurality of millimeter wave modules to be in a working state at the same time, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules can receive and transmit millimeter wave signals at the same time, thereby improving the gain of the millimeter wave antenna of the electronic equipment.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the power divider is further included, and the switch module includes a first switch unit and a plurality of second switch units; the millimeter wave signal control method includes steps 610 and 620, wherein,

step 610, controlling the first switch unit to respectively conduct a plurality of second switch units so as to respectively conduct a transceiving link between each millimeter wave module and the feed network, so that each millimeter wave module is in a working state independently;

and step 620, controlling the first switch unit to simultaneously switch on the plurality of second switch units through the power divider so as to simultaneously switch on the transceiving link between each millimeter wave module and the feed network, so that the plurality of millimeter wave modules are simultaneously in a working state.

In one embodiment, the switch module includes a first switch unit and a plurality of second switch units; one end of the first switch unit is connected with the feed network and the control module respectively, the other end of the first switch unit is connected with one ends of the second switch units respectively, one ends of the second switch units are connected with the control module, and the other ends of the second switch units are connected with the millimeter wave modules in a one-to-one correspondence mode.

One end of the first switch unit is connected with the feed network, the other end of the first switch unit is connected with one end of the plurality of second switch units, and the other ends of the plurality of second switch units are connected with the plurality of millimeter wave modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the on-off of a receiving and transmitting link where the plurality of millimeter wave modules are located is controlled by controlling the on-off of the first switch unit and the second switch units, and the communication state of the plurality of millimeter wave modules is controlled. The communication state may include that each millimeter wave module is in an operating state independently or that a plurality of millimeter wave modules are in an operating state simultaneously.

In one embodiment, the first switch unit is a single-pole multi-throw switch, and the second switch unit is a single-pole double-throw switch. The millimeter wave antenna device also comprises a power divider, wherein the power divider comprises an input end and a plurality of output ends; the input end is connected with one end of the single-pole multi-throw switch, and the output ends are respectively connected with the single-pole double-throw switches in a one-to-one correspondence mode and used for receiving and adjusting the power distribution ratio of the millimeter wave signals.

Specifically, when the millimeter wave modules receive signals, the power divider synthesizes millimeter wave signals received by each millimeter wave module, so as to synthesize multiple paths of millimeter wave signals received by the millimeter wave modules into one path of signal; when the millimeter wave modules transmit signals, the power divider distributes the millimeter wave signals to be transmitted to each millimeter wave module according to a preset strategy, so that the millimeter wave modules transmit the millimeter wave signals simultaneously.

The single-pole double-throw switch comprises a fixed end and a plurality of movable ends, and the single-pole double-throw switch comprises a fixed end and two movable ends. The fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected with the feed network, one fixed end of the single-pole multi-throw switch is connected with the movable ends of the single-pole double-throw switches through the power divider, the other movable ends of the single-pole multi-throw switch are respectively connected with the movable ends of the single-pole double-throw switches, and the fixed ends of the single-pole double-throw switches are respectively connected with the millimeter wave modules in a one-to-one correspondence mode. The on-off state of a transmitting-receiving link where the millimeter wave modules are located is controlled by controlling the on-off states of the single-pole multi-throw switch and the single-pole double-throw switch, so that the communication states of the millimeter wave modules are controlled.

In the present embodiment, the millimeter wave antenna device includes two millimeter wave modules for illustration.

The millimeter wave antenna device comprises a first millimeter wave module and a second millimeter wave module, and the first millimeter wave module and the second millimeter wave module can be arranged at different positions of the electronic equipment so as to increase the coverage area of millimeter wave signals. Correspondingly, the switch module comprises a single-pole three-throw switch and two single-pole double-throw switches, wherein the single-pole three-throw switch comprises a first fixed end, a first movable end, a second movable end and a third movable end, the two single-pole double-throw switches are respectively a first single-pole double-throw switch and a second single-pole double-throw switch, the first single-pole double-throw switch comprises a second fixed end, a fourth movable end and a fifth movable end, and the second single-pole double-throw switch comprises a third fixed end, a sixth movable end and a seventh movable end. The first fixed end is connected with the feed network, and the first movable end is respectively connected with the fourth movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch and the sixth movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch through the power divider; the second movable end is connected with the fifth movable end of the first single-pole double-throw switch, and the third movable end is connected with the seventh movable end of the second single-pole double-throw switch; the second fixed end is connected with the first millimeter wave module, and the third fixed end is connected with the second millimeter wave module. The on-off state of the transmitting-receiving link where the two millimeter wave modules are located is controlled by controlling the on-off state of the single-pole three-throw switch and the single-pole double-throw switch, so that the communication state of the two millimeter wave modules is controlled.

Specifically, when the first stationary end is conducted with the first movable end and the second stationary end is conducted with the fifth movable end, the transceiving link where the first millimeter wave module is located is conducted, and at this time, the first millimeter wave module is in a working state; when the first fixed end is conducted with the third movable end and the third fixed end is conducted with the seventh movable end, the receiving and transmitting link where the second millimeter wave module is located is conducted, and at the moment, the second millimeter wave module is in a working state; when the first fixed end is conducted with the first movable end, the second fixed end is conducted with the fourth movable end, and the third fixed end is conducted with the sixth movable end, the transceiving links where the first millimeter wave module and the second millimeter wave module are located are both conducted, and at the moment, the first millimeter wave module and the second millimeter wave module are in a working state at the same time. The first millimeter wave module and the second millimeter wave module can simultaneously receive and transmit millimeter wave signals, so that the gain of the millimeter wave antenna is improved.

The millimeter wave antenna apparatus includes two millimeter wave modules for illustration only, and in other embodiments, the millimeter wave antenna apparatus may include three, four, and so on millimeter wave modules, and accordingly, includes different numbers and different types of switch units to complete all or part of the functions of the above millimeter wave antenna apparatus.

It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of fig. 5 and 6 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 5 and 6 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performing the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed alternately or alternately with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the millimeter wave antenna device in any of the above embodiments, and further includes a millimeter wave radio frequency module connected to the millimeter wave antenna device, so as to receive and transmit millimeter wave signals.

In an embodiment, the millimeter wave antenna module may be embedded in a frame of an electronic device, and the millimeter wave transmission and reception may be completed by opening an antenna window in the frame or by using a non-metallic battery cover.

The electronic device has a top portion and a bottom portion, the top portion and the bottom portion are arranged oppositely along a length direction of the electronic device, it should be noted that the bottom portion of the electronic device is generally closer to a portion held by a user, and in order to reduce an influence on an antenna when the electronic device is held by the user, when the millimeter wave antenna module is designed, the millimeter wave antenna module can be closer to the top portion than to the bottom portion. Optionally, the millimeter wave antenna modules may also be disposed on two opposite sides of the electronic device in the width direction, and the arrangement direction of each millimeter wave antenna module is the length direction of the mobile electronic device. That is, the millimeter wave antenna module may be disposed at a long side of the electronic device.

The electronic device having the millimeter wave module according to any of the embodiments described above can implement beam scanning of the millimeter wave module, and further implement antenna switching and beam scanning functions required for millimeter wave 5G communication to improve communication quality.

The electronic Device may be a communication module including a Mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a wearable Device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), or other settable antenna.

The embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a plurality of millimeter wave antenna devices for receiving and transmitting millimeter wave signals, a millimeter wave radio frequency module, a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the millimeter wave signal control method.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of a partial structure of a mobile phone related to an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 7, a handset 700 includes: millimeter wave antenna device 710, memory 720, input unit 730, display unit 740, sensor 750, audio circuit 760, wireless fidelity (WIFI) module 770, processor 780, and power supply 790. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the handset configuration shown in fig. 7 is not intended to be limiting and may include more or fewer components than those shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.

The millimeter wave antenna device 710 may be used for receiving and transmitting information or receiving and transmitting signals during a call, and may receive downlink information of a base station and then process the downlink information to the processor 780; the uplink data may also be transmitted to the base station. The memory 720 may be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 780 may execute various functional applications and data processing of the cellular phone by operating the software programs and modules stored in the memory 720. The memory 720 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as an application program for a sound playing function, an application program for an image playing function, and the like), and the like; the data storage area may store data (such as audio data, an address book, etc.) created according to the use of the mobile phone, and the like. Further, the memory 720 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.

The input unit 730 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the cellular phone 700. In one embodiment, the input unit 730 may include a touch panel 731 and other input devices 732. The touch panel 731, which may also be referred to as a touch screen, can collect touch operations of a user (e.g., operations of the user on or near the touch panel 731 by using a finger, a stylus, or any other suitable object or accessory) thereon or nearby, and drive the corresponding connection device according to a preset program. In one embodiment, the touch panel 731 can include two portions, a touch measurement device and a touch controller. The touch measuring device measures the touch direction of a user, measures signals brought by touch operation and transmits the signals to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch measurement device, converts it to touch point coordinates, and sends it to the processor 780, where it can receive commands from the processor 780 and execute them. In addition, the touch panel 731 may be implemented by various types, such as a resistive type, a capacitive type, an infrared ray, and a surface acoustic wave. The input unit 730 may include other input devices 732 in addition to the touch panel 731. In an embodiment, other input devices 732 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), and the like.

The display unit 740 may be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user and various menus of the mobile phone. The display unit 740 may include a display panel 741. In an embodiment, the Display panel 741 may be configured in the form of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), or the like. In one embodiment, the touch panel 731 can cover the display panel 741, and when the touch panel 731 measures a touch operation on or near the touch panel 731, the touch operation is transmitted to the processor 780 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 780 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 741 according to the type of the touch event. Although the touch panel 731 and the display panel 741 are two independent components in fig. 7 to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone, in some embodiments, the touch panel 731 and the display panel 741 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the mobile phone.

The cell phone 700 may also include at least one sensor 750, such as light sensors, motion sensors, and other sensors. In one embodiment, the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor that adjusts the brightness of the display panel 741 according to the brightness of ambient light, and a proximity sensor that turns off the display panel 741 and/or the backlight when the mobile phone is moved to the ear. The motion sensor can comprise an acceleration sensor, the acceleration sensor can measure the magnitude of acceleration in each direction, the magnitude and the direction of gravity can be measured when the mobile phone is static, and the motion sensor can be used for identifying the application of the gesture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching), vibration identification related functions (such as pedometer and knocking) and the like. The mobile phone may be provided with other sensors such as a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, and an infrared sensor.

Audio circuitry 760, speaker 761, and microphone 762 may provide an audio interface between a user and a cell phone. The audio circuit 760 can transmit the electrical signal converted from the received audio data to the speaker 761, and the electrical signal is converted into a sound signal by the speaker 761 and output; on the other hand, the microphone 762 converts the collected sound signal into an electrical signal, converts the electrical signal into audio data after being received by the audio circuit 760, and then outputs the audio data to the processor 780 for processing, and then the processed audio data may be transmitted to another mobile phone through the millimeter wave antenna module 710, or outputs the audio data to the memory 720 for subsequent processing.

The processor 780 is a control center of the mobile phone, connects various parts of the entire mobile phone by using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the mobile phone and processes data by operating or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 720 and calling data stored in the memory 720, thereby integrally monitoring the mobile phone. In an embodiment, processor 780 may include one or more processing units. In one embodiment, processor 780 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor primarily handles operating systems, user interfaces, applications, and the like; the modem processor handles primarily wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into processor 780.

The handset 700 also includes a power supply 790 (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, which may preferably be logically coupled to the processor 780 via a power management system that may be used to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption.

In one embodiment, the cell phone 700 may also include a camera, a bluetooth module, and the like.

Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. Suitable non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous Link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above examples only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.