阅读说明：本技术 一种双金属化合物/碳复合材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of bimetallic compound/carbon composite material ) 是由 梁业如 胡书宇 张伟财 刘应亮 于 2021-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于材料科学技术领域,特别涉及一种双金属化合物/碳复合材料的制备方法。该方法是将两种金属盐类的溶液与功能性高分子聚合物混合发生配位反应,随后通过管式炉高温热处理即可制得双金属化合物/碳复合材料。本发明所涉及的双金属化合物/碳复合材料制备方法工艺简单,普适性极强,可以满足大规模生产的需要。并且不需要额外添加硫/磷/硒源进行化合反应,使其高度符合节能环保的迫切需求。所制得的材料由于独特的多金属协同效应,因此在诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景。(The invention belongs to the technical field of material science, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a bimetallic compound/carbon composite material. The method comprises the steps of mixing solutions of two metal salts with a functional high molecular polymer to perform a coordination reaction, and then performing high-temperature heat treatment in a tubular furnace to obtain the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material. The preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material has simple process and strong universality, and can meet the requirement of large-scale production. And no extra sulfur/phosphorus/selenium source is needed to be added for chemical combination reaction, so that the method highly meets the urgent requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection. The prepared material has wide application prospect in various fields due to the unique multi-metal synergistic effect.)

1. The preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:

respectively weighing two metal salts, dissolving the two metal salts in deionized water to prepare two solutions with the same concentration, mixing the two solutions, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution; weighing functional high molecular polymer, adding the functional high molecular polymer into the mixed solution, and performing coordination reaction under the condition of magnetic stirring; and (3) carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the reacted functional high-molecular polymer by using a tubular furnace to obtain the bimetal compound/carbon composite material.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bimetallic compound/carbon composite is prepared by: the metal salt is chloride, sulfate or nitrate of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, zinc, copper, tin, calcium, magnesium or cadmium; the concentration of the solution with the same concentration is 0.05-5 mol/L.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the bimetallic compound/carbon composite is prepared by: the functional high molecular polymer is sulfonic acid group ion exchange resin, amino phosphate group chelating resin or seleno-carrageenan.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bimetallic compound/carbon composite is prepared by: the amount of the functional polymer to be added was calculated by adding 1g of the functional polymer per 100-200mL of the mixed solution.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the bimetallic compound/carbon composite is prepared by: the time of the coordination reaction is 0.1-10 h; the reaction temperature of the high-temperature heat treatment is 500-1200 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-8 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of material science, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a bimetallic compound/carbon composite material.

Background

The bimetallic compound/carbon composite material has unique structural advantages, can fully exert the synergistic action advantages between metal compounds (such as cobalt sulfide, tin sulfide, nickel phosphide, copper phosphide, tin selenide and iron selenide) and carbon materials, improves the performances of the material such as conductivity, stability, service life and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of energy storage, catalysis, sensing, adsorption and the like.

At present, the preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material is generally complex and has multiple steps, and multiple steps such as introduction of a carbon material, synthesis of a bimetallic oxide, conversion of a metal oxide to a metal compound and the like are required, so that the preparation efficiency is seriously low. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional metallic compound/carbon composite material, the preparation of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material needs to introduce two different metal ions in sections, which further aggravates the difficulty of preparing the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material. Typical methods such as spray pyrolysis and gas-solid phase heating can produce crystal particles and carbon substrates of various morphologies, but generally require complicated production steps and the addition of a large amount of sulfur/phosphorus/selenium source, which can pollute the environment, and have low production efficiency, making it difficult to apply it to practical production. Other typical methods such as hydrothermal method can reduce the complexity of the preparation process to some extent, but still can avoid the steps of introducing carbon material and introducing two different metal ions in stages. And it is difficult to scale up the production due to the limitations of hydrothermal conditions, and it can only stay in the laboratory synthesis stage. Finally, the above methods are generally applicable only to the synthesis of a bimetallic compound/carbon composite material and cannot be extended to a general preparation method. Therefore, the conventional preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material still has many defects, and the development of a novel, simple and universal preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material is still an important research field.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of low reaction yield, need of additionally adding a sulfur source, a phosphorus source or a selenium source, complicated and multistep preparation process and insufficient universality of the preparation method in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a bimetallic compound/carbon composite material comprises the following operation steps:

respectively weighing two metal salts, dissolving the two metal salts in deionized water to prepare two solutions with the same concentration, mixing the two solutions, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution; weighing functional high molecular polymer, adding the functional high molecular polymer into the mixed solution, and performing coordination reaction under the condition of magnetic stirring; and (3) carrying out high-temperature heat treatment on the reacted functional high-molecular polymer by using a tubular furnace to obtain the bimetal compound/carbon composite material.

The metal salt is chloride, sulfate or nitrate of iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, zinc, copper, tin, calcium, magnesium or cadmium; the concentration of the solution with the same concentration is 0.05-5 mol/L.

The functional high molecular polymer is sulfonic acid group ion exchange resin, amino phosphate group chelating resin or seleno-carrageenan.

The amount of the functional polymer to be added was calculated by adding 1g of the functional polymer per 100-200mL of the mixed solution.

The time of the coordination reaction is 0.1-10 h; the reaction temperature of the high-temperature heat treatment is 500-1200 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-8 h.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) according to the invention, metal ions, functional groups containing sulfur/phosphorus/selenium and a carbon source are combined into a uniform three-phase interface through coordination, so that two kinds of metal ions can be introduced simultaneously, the reaction efficiency can be greatly improved in the subsequent carbonization process, and the reaction steps are saved.

(2) The preparation method of the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material has simple process, can be finished by one-step sintering, and does not need to additionally add a sulfur source, a phosphorus source or a selenium source for carrying out a chemical combination reaction, so that the preparation method highly meets the urgent requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection.

(3) The preparation method can be used for accurately synthesizing the bimetallic compound/carbon composite material by adding different metal ion combinations, can be universally used for preparing various bimetallic compound carbon composite materials, and has strong universality.

(4) The composite material prepared by the invention has wide application prospect in various fields such as alkali metal ion batteries, hydrogen evolution catalysts, super capacitors and the like due to unique multi-metal synergistic effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of a zinc sulfide-cobalt sulfide/carbon composite of the present invention; the formation of bimetallic compounds can be demonstrated by XRD patterns.

FIG. 2 is a field emission scanning electron microscope image of a zinc sulfide-cobalt sulfide/carbon composite material according to the present invention; it can be seen that two different crystalline forms of metal sulfide are encapsulated within a carbon matrix.

FIG. 3 is an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of a cobalt sulfide-cadmium sulfide/carbon composite of the present invention; the formation of bimetallic compounds can be demonstrated by XRD patterns.

FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of field emission of a cobalt sulfide-cadmium sulfide/carbon composite material according to the present invention; it can be seen that two different crystalline forms of metal sulfide are encapsulated within a carbon matrix.

FIG. 5 is an X-ray powder diffraction pattern of a nickel sulfide-copper sulfide/carbon composite of the present invention; the formation of bimetallic compounds can be demonstrated by XRD patterns.

FIG. 6 is a field emission scanning electron microscope image of a nickel sulfide-copper sulfide/carbon composite material according to the present invention; it can be seen that two different crystalline forms of metal sulfide are encapsulated within a carbon matrix.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1

Weighing zinc sulfate and cobalt chloride, dissolving the zinc sulfate and cobalt chloride into deionized water to prepare 100mL of 0.2mol/L zinc sulfate solution and 100mL of 0.2mol/L cobalt chloride solution, mixing and stirring the zinc sulfate solution and the cobalt chloride solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding 732 g of ion exchange resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 1h, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating the ceramic crucible to 800 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min under nitrogen flow, and carrying out heat preservation for 2h, wherein the zinc sulfide-cobalt sulfide/carbon composite material is prepared as shown in figures 1 and 2. When the material is applied to a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery, the cycling capacity of 574mAh/g can be still maintained after 100 cycles under the current density of 0.1A/g, and the material has good performance advantages.

Example 2

Weighing copper chloride and cobalt chloride respectively, dissolving the copper chloride and the cobalt chloride in deionized water to prepare 150mL of 0.3mol/L copper chloride solution and 150mL of 0.3mol/L cobalt chloride solution, mixing and stirring the copper chloride solution and the cobalt chloride solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding 732 g of ion exchange resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 0.5h, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating the ceramic crucible to 600 ℃ at the heating rate of 20 ℃/min under the flow of nitrogen, and carrying out heat preservation for 4 h to obtain the cobalt sulfide-copper sulfide/carbon composite material.

Example 3

Respectively weighing copper chloride and nickel chloride, dissolving the copper chloride and the nickel chloride into deionized water to prepare 200mL of 0.4mol/L copper chloride solution and 200mL of 0.4mol/L nickel chloride solution, mixing and stirring the copper chloride solution and the nickel chloride solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding 732 g of ion exchange resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 2h, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating the ceramic crucible to 800 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min under nitrogen flow, and carrying out heat preservation for 1h to obtain the nickel sulfide-copper sulfide/carbon composite material, as shown in figures 5 and 6.

Example 4

Respectively weighing cobalt chloride and cadmium chloride, dissolving the cobalt chloride and the cadmium chloride in deionized water to prepare 100mL of 0.05mol/L cobalt chloride solution and 100mL of 0.05mol/L cadmium chloride solution, mixing and stirring the cobalt chloride solution and the cadmium chloride solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding 732 g of ion exchange resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 10 hours, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating the ceramic crucible to 500 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 5 ℃/min under the nitrogen flow, and carrying out heat preservation for 8 hours, thus obtaining the cobalt sulfide-cadmium sulfide/carbon composite material as shown in figures 3 and 4.

Example 5

Respectively weighing cobalt chloride and nickel chloride, dissolving the cobalt chloride and the nickel chloride in deionized water to prepare 100mL of 0.5mol/L cobalt chloride solution and 100mL of 0.5mol/L nickel chloride solution, mixing and stirring the cobalt chloride solution and the nickel chloride solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding 2 g of D468 amino phosphate chelating resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 2h, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating the precursor to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the flow of nitrogen, and carrying out heat preservation for 4 h to obtain the cobalt phosphide-nickel phosphide/carbon composite material.

Example 6

Respectively weighing cobalt chloride and copper chloride, dissolving the cobalt chloride and the copper chloride in deionized water to prepare 100mL of 5mol/L cobalt chloride solution and 100mL of 5mol/L copper chloride solution, mixing and stirring the cobalt chloride solution and the copper chloride solution uniformly to obtain mixed solution, adding 2 g of D468 amino phosphate chelating resin into the mixed solution, reacting for 0.1h by magnetic stirring, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min under nitrogen flow, and preserving heat for 4 h to prepare the cobalt phosphide-copper phosphide/carbon composite material.

Example 7

Respectively weighing nickel chloride and copper chloride, dissolving the nickel chloride and the copper chloride in deionized water to prepare 100mL of 0.05mol/L nickel chloride solution and 100mL of 0.05mol/L copper chloride solution, mixing and stirring the nickel chloride solution and the copper chloride solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution, adding 2 g of D468 amino phosphate chelating resin into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 0.1h, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating the ceramic crucible to 1200 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the flow of nitrogen, and carrying out heat preservation for 2h to obtain the nickel phosphide-copper phosphide/carbon composite material.

Example 8

Weighing ferric chloride and stannic chloride respectively, dissolving the ferric chloride and the stannic chloride into deionized water to prepare 100mL of 0.1mol/L ferric chloride solution and 100mL of 0.1mol/L stannic chloride solution, mixing and stirring the ferric chloride solution and the stannic chloride solution uniformly to obtain mixed solution, adding 2 g of selenocarrageenan into the mixed solution, carrying out magnetic stirring reaction for 0.5h, washing and drying, putting the obtained precursor into a ceramic crucible, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the flow of nitrogen, and carrying out heat preservation for 4 h to obtain the iron selenide-stannic selenide/carbon composite material.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.