阅读说明：本技术 接触插头的制造方法以及接触插头 (Method for producing contact plug and contact plug ) 是由 丹尼斯·法斯曼 迈克·达恩克 于 2019-02-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种制造接触插头的方法,具有如下步骤：-提供具有无铅黄铜合金或由无铅黄铜合金构成的坯件(4)；-将所述坯件(4)的第一区段(6)半热成型为压接区域(6),其中所述压接区域(6)具有用于引入导体末端的开口(10),且其中在所述半热成型前和/或半热成型期间将所述坯件(4)的第一区段(6)加热至半热成型温度；-将所述坯件(4)的第二区段(14)冷成型为插接区域(14),其中所述插接区域(14)具有多个翅片(26)。(A method for producing a contact plug, comprising the following steps: -providing a blank (4) having or consisting of a lead-free brass alloy; -semi-thermoforming a first section (6) of the blank (4) into a crimping area (6), wherein the crimping area (6) has an opening (10) for introducing a conductor end, and wherein the first section (6) of the blank (4) is heated to a semi-thermoforming temperature before and/or during the semi-thermoforming; -cold forming a second section (14) of the blank (4) into a plug-in region (14), wherein the plug-in region (14) has a plurality of fins (26).)

1. A method for producing a contact plug, comprising the following steps:

providing a blank (4) having or consisting of a lead-free brass alloy;

semi-thermoforming a first section (6) of the blank (4) into a crimping area (6), wherein the crimping area (6) has an opening (10) for introducing a conductor end, and wherein the first section (6) of the blank (4) is heated to a semi-thermoforming temperature before and/or during the semi-thermoforming;

cold forming a second section (14) of the blank (4) into a plug-in region (14), wherein the plug-in region (14) has a plurality of fins (26).

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the semi-thermoforming temperature is in the range of 250 ℃ to 450 ℃.

3. The method of claim 1 or claim 2,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

cooling the second section (14) before and/or during cold forming of the second section (14);

and/or

Cooling the first section (6) before and/or during cold forming of the second section (14).

4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

cooling the second section (14) before and/or during and/or after heating the first section (6)

And/or

The temperature of the second section (14) is below 100 ℃ at any time before and/or during and/or after the shaping of the first and second sections (6, 14).

5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

after the semi-thermoforming, a partial region (28) of the crimping region (6) formed by the semi-thermoforming is subjected to cold forming.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the fins (26) are spring rods (26) protruding axially

And/or

The fins (26) are arranged at equal angular intervals around the central opening

And/or

Axial slots (38) are formed between the fin segments (26).

7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

cooling is carried out by means of a cooling device (16, 20) held on or integrated in the stamping die

And/or

The heating is carried out by means of a heating device (12), such as an induction heating device (12), a resistance heating device or the like, which is held on the stamping die or integrated in the stamping die.

8. The method of any one of claims 1 to 7,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the forming is carried out by means of a multi-stage press,

wherein the multistage stamping press has at least one heating device (12) and at least one cooling device (16, 20).

9. A kind of contact plug is disclosed, which has a plug body,

which has or consists of a lead-free brass alloy,

having a crimping region (6), wherein the crimping region (6) has an opening (10) for introducing a conductor end, and

having a plug-in region (14), wherein the plug-in region (14) has a plurality of fins (26),

wherein the crimping region (6) has at least in sections a cold-hardened portion that is smaller than the plug region (14).

10. The contact plug of claim 9,

wherein the contact plug (2) is produced according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8

And/or

The contact plug (2) comprises a lead-free brass alloy CuZn36, CuZn30, CuZn20, CuZn15 or CuZn5, or comprises a lead-free brass alloy CuZn36, CuZn30, CuZn20, CuZn15 or CuZn 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for producing a contact plug and to a contact plug.

Background

Contact plugs are typically manufactured by machining copper alloys and brass alloys containing lead. Wherein the free-cutting property of the blank is improved by adding lead as an alloying element. The use of lead is increasingly restricted by standards, since lead can prove to have health-damaging effects.

In principle, it is a challenge in the production of contact plugs with crimp terminals to provide a material which is free to cut on the one hand and has sufficiently strong cold deformability to establish a durable and crack-free crimp connection in a reliable manner. This compromise is currently achieved by lead-containing copper alloys or brass alloys which, on the one hand, have good free-machining properties and, on the other hand, can be crimped without the formation of cracks.

For lead-free brass alloys, this compromise between good machinability (i.e. brittle-hard properties) and crimpability (requiring strong ductility) cannot be achieved in a practical manner. Therefore, the crimp connection formed of the brass alloy is liable to form cracks.

Furthermore, the cutting of lead-free brass alloys requires a high cutting force, which can generally only be achieved in a process-stable manner by means of cooled drills, which leads to increased manufacturing costs. In principle, the manufacture by cutting also has the disadvantage that material losses of up to 50% are incurred.

Disclosure of Invention

Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a contact plug and a contact plug which do not have the aforementioned disadvantages, or at least do so to a lesser extent, and in particular to achieve a lead-free contact plug which provides a sufficiently strong and in particular crack-free deformability in the crimping region.

The solution of the invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problem consists in a method according to claim 1 and in a contact plug according to claim 9. Further embodiments of the method are described in the dependent claims and in the following description.

According to a first aspect, the invention relates to a method for producing a contact plug, comprising the following steps: providing a blank having or consisting of a lead-free brass alloy; semi-thermoforming a first section of the blank into a crimping area, wherein the crimping area has an opening for introducing a conductor end, and wherein the first section of the blank is heated to a semi-thermoforming temperature before and/or during semi-thermoforming; cold forming a second section of the blank into a plug-in region, wherein the plug-in region has a plurality of fins.

With a given temperature control, the crimping zone may have a certain configuration with a smaller cold-work hardening and thus a stronger ductility for the crimping process. This allows the conductor end to be crimped reliably with the crimp zone without cracks forming in the region of the crimp connection.

The cold forming of the plug-in region leads to cold hardening, so that the plug-in region is not or only to a small extent plastically deformed when the plug-in connection is established and is significantly elastically deformed to reversibly provide a corresponding spring force.

The method steps listed above do not give a mandatory order of method steps. Thus, the method steps may be performed in the order listed, or in a different order. For example, cold forming of the second section can be performed prior to semi-thermoforming of the first section, in a different order than listed.

According to another version of the method, the semi-thermoforming temperature is in the range of 250 ℃ to 450 ℃. Thus, the semi-thermoforming temperature may be, for example, 350 ℃.

When referring to cold forming, it is meant forming at a temperature below the semi-hot forming temperature.

The cold forming can be carried out at a temperature below 100 ℃, in particular below 50 ℃, in particular at room temperature in the range of 15 ℃ to 30 ℃.

Of course, the above-mentioned temperature refers to the material temperature of the member to be formed. The ambient temperature may be different from this, for example 25 ℃.

According to a further aspect of the method, the second section is cooled before and/or during cold forming of the second section. This prevents the second section from being heated above the predetermined cold forming temperature, for example, as a result of a temperature input from a previous semi-thermoforming.

Alternatively or additionally, the first section is cooled during cold forming of the second section. In this way, for example, the first section of a previous semi-thermoforming can be heated, wherein the heat flow towards the second section is prevented or reduced by cooling.

According to a further aspect of the method, the second section is cooled before and/or during and/or after heating the first section. Alternatively or additionally, the temperature of the second section is below 100 ℃, in particular below 50 ℃, at any time before and/or during and/or after the shaping of the first and second sections, in particular maintained at room temperature in the range of 15 ℃ to 30 ℃.

The term "any time" herein refers to the duration of the aforementioned manufacturing process.

By cooling the first and/or second section it can be ensured that the desired cold work hardening can still occur in the second section even in the case that the first section is heated.

Another embodiment of the method is characterized in that after the semi-thermoforming, a partial region of the crimping zone formed by the semi-thermoforming is subjected to cold forming. This makes it possible, for example, to form the end section of the crimping zone as a circumferential flange which, as a result of cold hardening, has locally greater strength than the part of the crimping zone which adjoins the flange.

The fins may refer to axially projecting spring rods. Alternatively or additionally, the fins may be arranged at equal angular intervals around the central opening. Alternatively or additionally, axial slots are formed between the fins. By means of the fins, a reliable plug connection can be provided.

According to a further embodiment of the method, the cooling is carried out by means of a cooling device which is held on the stamping die or is integrated in the stamping die. Alternatively or additionally, the heating is carried out by means of a heating device, for example an induction heating device, a resistance heating device or the like, which is held on the stamping die or integrated in the stamping die. The cooling or heating device can therefore be integrated compactly in the stamping die and can be switched on as required.

The forming, i.e. hot forming as well as cold forming, can be carried out by means of a multistage press, wherein the multistage press has at least one heating device and at least one cooling device. As mentioned above, the heating and cooling means may be integrated in the die of the multistage punch.

According to a second aspect, the invention relates to a contact plug having or consisting of a lead-free brass alloy, having a crimping region and a plug region, wherein the crimping region has an opening for introducing a conductor end, wherein the plug region has a plurality of fins, wherein the crimping region at least partially has a cold-hardened portion which is smaller than the plug region. This makes it possible to achieve, on the one hand, good crimpability of the crimping zone and, on the other hand, sufficient fin strength and rigidity. Of course, this refers to the comparison of the cold-hardened portion of the crimping zone with the cold-hardened portion of the plugging zone before the conductor end is actually crimped in the crimping zone.

The contact plug can be produced according to the method of the invention.

The contact plug may have a lead-free brass alloy CuZn36, CuZn30, CuZn20, CuZn15 or CuZn5 or consist of a lead-free brass alloy CuZn36, CuZn30, CuZn20, CuZn15 or CuZn 5.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings showing embodiments. Wherein:

FIG. 1 is a supply of blanks;

FIG. 2 is a semi-thermoforming of a first section of the blank;

FIG. 3 is a cold forming of a second section of the blank;

FIG. 4 is another cold forming of the second section;

FIG. 5 is a cold forming of the end section of the first section;

fig. 6 shows a contact plug according to the invention.

Detailed Description

The method of manufacturing a contact plug of the invention is described below first with reference to fig. 1 to 5. Fig. 6 shows a contact plug 2 produced by the method according to the invention.

To produce the contact plug 2, a blank 4 made of a lead-free brass alloy is first provided.

After the provision of the blank 4, the first section 6 of the blank 4 is shaped into the crimping region 6 by means of semi-thermoforming. An opening 10 for introducing the conductor end is formed on the crimping region 6 by means of the tool 8. Here, the first section 6 is heated to a semihot forming temperature of 350 ℃ by means of the induction heating device 12 before and during semihot forming.

During the semi-thermoforming of the first section 6, the second section 14 of the blank 4 is actively cooled by means of a cooling device 16. The cooling device 16 has a cooling channel 18 for guiding a cooling fluid.

Subsequently, the second portion 14 is subjected to cold forming as shown in fig. 3, wherein during the cold forming of the second portion 14 the first portion 6 is cooled by means of a cooling device 20 having a cooling channel 22 for guiding a cooling fluid.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the heating device 12 and the cooling devices 16, 22 are integral parts of a mold that encloses the blank 4 during molding.

Fig. 4 shows a further cold forming of the second section 14 into the plug-in region 14, wherein a fin 26 is formed on the second section 14 by means of the tool 24.

The fins 26 refer to axially projecting spring rods arranged at equal angular intervals around the central opening. Here, axial slits 38 are formed between the fins 26.

In a final forming step, according to fig. 5, the partial region 28 of the crimping region 6 formed by the semi-thermoforming is subjected to cold forming. The region 28 forms a rounded circumferential flange 28.

By means of the production method according to the invention described in connection with fig. 1 to 5, a first length section 30 of the contact plug 2 is provided with a cold-hardened zone (see fig. 6) which adjoins a less cold-hardened length section 32 which forms a ductile crimping zone. Along the length section 34, the strength of the contact plug 2 is substantially equivalent to the strength of the blank 4 that would otherwise be provided. Along the length section 36 in which the fins 26 are formed by cold forming, the degree of cold work hardening is greatest because the greatest degree of formability is produced there.

Description of the reference numerals

2 contact plug

4 blank

6 first section/crimping zone

8 tool

10 opening

12 induction heating device

14 second section/plug-in area

16 Cooling device

18 cooling channel

20 Cooling device

22 cooling channel

24 tool

26 fin

28 circumferential flange of the partial region/crimp zone 6

30 length section

32 length section

34 length section

36 length section

38 slotted